Accurately soft sensing of the mechanical properties of hot-rolled strips is essential to ensure product quality,optimize production,and reduce costs.However,it faces the difficulty caused by limited labeled samples,f...Accurately soft sensing of the mechanical properties of hot-rolled strips is essential to ensure product quality,optimize production,and reduce costs.However,it faces the difficulty caused by limited labeled samples,for which co-training based semi-supervised learning offers a potential solution.So in this paper,a novel soft sensing method for mechanical properties based on improved co-training(ICO)is proposed.Compared with the existing co-training framework,the proposed ICO introduces improvements from the aspects of multiple view partition,confidence estimation,and pseudo-label assignment.Specifically,(ⅰ)in the stage of multiple view partition,ICO integrates metallurgical mechanisms of hot rolling processes and statistical mutual information to achieve a balance between view sufficiency and independence,which improves model performance and interpretability;(ⅱ)in the stage of confidence estimation,ICO evaluates the confidence of unlabeled samples at the cluster level rather than at the level of a single sample,which facilitates the exploration of sample distribution and the selection of representative samples;(ⅲ)in the pseudo-label assignment stage,ICO adopts a safe pseudo-label algorithm(which is called SAFER by its author and originally used for each single sample)to assign pseudo-labels for cluster of samples with the highest confidence determined in the previous step stage,to take advantage of the merit of handling unlabeled samples at the cluster level mentioned above on one hand,and the merit of SAFER in enhancing the quality of pseudo-labels on the other hand.The proposed soft sensing method effectively predicts mechanical properties on the real hot rolling dataset,achieving approximately 5%improvement in R~2 compared to traditional supervised learning.展开更多
Geo-engineering problems are known for their complexity and high uncertainty levels,requiring precise defini-tions,past experiences,logical reasoning,mathematical analysis,and practical insight to address them effecti...Geo-engineering problems are known for their complexity and high uncertainty levels,requiring precise defini-tions,past experiences,logical reasoning,mathematical analysis,and practical insight to address them effectively.Soft Computing(SC)methods have gained popularity in engineering disciplines such as mining and civil engineering due to computer hardware and machine learning advancements.Unlike traditional hard computing approaches,SC models use soft values and fuzzy sets to navigate uncertain environments.This study focuses on the application of SC methods to predict backbreak,a common issue in blasting operations within mining and civil projects.Backbreak,which refers to the unintended fracturing of rock beyond the desired blast perimeter,can significantly impact project timelines and costs.This study aims to explore how SC methods can be effectively employed to anticipate and mitigate the undesirable consequences of blasting operations,specifically focusing on backbreak prediction.The research explores the complexities of backbreak prediction and highlights the potential benefits of utilizing SC methods to address this challenging issue in geo-engineering projects.展开更多
Europium orthophosphate monohydrate （EuPO4·H2O） nanorods with typical dimensions of about 10-30 nm in diameter and 300-500 nm in length were prepared by using the soft template method. The effects of using diet...Europium orthophosphate monohydrate （EuPO4·H2O） nanorods with typical dimensions of about 10-30 nm in diameter and 300-500 nm in length were prepared by using the soft template method. The effects of using diethylene glycol （DEG） and polyethylene glycol （PEG） polymers as well as the pH values on the size, crystalline structure and morphology of EuPO4·H2O nanorods were investigated. Field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD） data of the prepared samples were elucidated. The nanorods were highly uniform and their mean length was reduced by using DEG and PEG as soft template agents. For all prepared samples, the rhabdophanetype hexagonal EuPO4·H2O was the dominated phase. The photoluminescence （PL） spectroscopy measurements of EuPO4·H2O nanorods revealed that, under UV excitation, EuPO4·H2O nanorods exhibited strong luminescence with narrow bands corresponding to the intra-4f transitions of ^5D0→^7Fj （j=1, 2, 3, 4） of Eu^3＋ ions. The peaks were found at 594 nm （^5D0→^7F1）, 619 nm （^5D0→^7F2）, 652 nm （^5D0→^7F3）, and 697 nm （^5D0→^7F4）, with the strongest emission at 594 nm.展开更多
The hollow strontium carbonate pompons was synthesized for the first time by a controlled reaction precipitation method with sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS)and polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP)work together as templat...The hollow strontium carbonate pompons was synthesized for the first time by a controlled reaction precipitation method with sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS)and polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP)work together as template.The sampled particles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurement,X-ray diffraction(XRD),Energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy(EDX),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry(TGA-DSC),etc.It is shown that the assynthesized hollow strontium carbonate pompons with the size of about 2μm consist of flake-like particles under the optimal reaction conditions.The formation mechanism of hollow strontium carbonate pompons was preliminarily explored.展开更多
Highly dispersed carbon microspheres(CMSs)derived from D-xylose were successfully synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and followed by further carbonization,in which F127 was used as a soft template.As-synthesize...Highly dispersed carbon microspheres(CMSs)derived from D-xylose were successfully synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and followed by further carbonization,in which F127 was used as a soft template.As-synthesized products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),flourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),thermal gravimetric(TG)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The results showed that the morphology and structure of the CMSs prominently depended on the stirring speed during hydrothermal reaction.The resultant CMSs principally had non-porous structure without stirring and had a very smooth surface.When the stirring speed increased to 200 rpm,the synthesized mesoporous carbon microspheres at 220?C for 24 h(CMSs-5)had a uniform size distribution of 1–1.4μm and a specific surface area of 452 m^2/g.Nevertheless,with further increasing to 400 rpm,as-fabricated carbon products were mostly amorphous with a low degree of sphericity.Results demonstrated that the diameter of the products decreased with the increase of stirring speed.Furthermore,the sphericity product yield of CMSs reduced with the increase of stirring speed.XRD result showed that all the obtained samples contained partial graphite phase.In addition,a formation mechanism was proposed that involved polymerization product as the precursors for microsphere formation.The controllable and green strategy may provide a great convenience to study properties and applications of carbon microspheres.展开更多
The EGAT Mae Moh Mine is the largest open pit lignite mine in Thailand and it produces lignite about 16 million tons annually. In the near future, the pit limit of the mine will be reached and underground mine will th...The EGAT Mae Moh Mine is the largest open pit lignite mine in Thailand and it produces lignite about 16 million tons annually. In the near future, the pit limit of the mine will be reached and underground mine will then be developed through the open pit in the depth of 400 - 600 m from the surface. However, due to the challenges for underground mining such as poor geological conditions, extra thickness (20 - 30 m) of coal seams, and weak mechanical properties of coal seams and the surrounding rock, the success possibility of underground mining and an applicable underground mining method is being investigated at the present. The paper discusses the applicability of multi-slice bord-and-pillar method for the soft extra thick coal seams in the Mae Moh mine by means of numerical analyses using the 3D finite difference code “FLAC3D”.展开更多
The distribution of saturated soft clay is greatly wide in China. The current main measures adopted to deal with soft soil foundations may lead to environmental pollution, even some engineering accidents may happen on...The distribution of saturated soft clay is greatly wide in China. The current main measures adopted to deal with soft soil foundations may lead to environmental pollution, even some engineering accidents may happen on soft soil foundations. In order to solve engineering problems of saturated soft soil foundations well, researches of mechanical properties of them are necessary. One of the most important mechanical characteristics of saturated soft clay is its cyclic accumulative deformation under cyclic loadings. For saturated soft clay, the cyclic accumulative deformation is similar to the creep behavior under static loadings. Therefore, the cyclic accumulative deformation is equivalent to the creep, the number of loading cycles is seen as the time, and this study develops a practical method for predicting the cyclic accumulative deformation of saturated soft clay with the creep theory. The method is a pseudostatic elasto-plastic finite element method implemented by ABAQUS software. A fitted equation between cyclic accumulative strain and number of loading cycles and the empirical relationship of parameters of fitted equation were established with aseries of cyclic triaxial compression tests. Then with this empirical relationship of parameters, the method developed by this study was employed to predict the cyclic accumulative deformation under cyclic triaxial tension tests. Predicted results were in good agreement with test results, and the effectiveness of this method was thus validated for different stress states. The method was then applied in analyzing the cyclic accumulative deformation for soft soil foundation of a pile-supported wharf structure.展开更多
A modified two-stage soft-docking procedure was developed for the theoretic researches on the recognition of protein-protein or protein-peptide complexes. Some systems have been used to test our program and the result...A modified two-stage soft-docking procedure was developed for the theoretic researches on the recognition of protein-protein or protein-peptide complexes. Some systems have been used to test our program and the results are encouraging.展开更多
Contralateral needling method is a common and effective one of acupuncture analgesicmethods.It is used to treat a local pain in the limbs and trunk with a short course of disease,pain and swelling will disappear or be...Contralateral needling method is a common and effective one of acupuncture analgesicmethods.It is used to treat a local pain in the limbs and trunk with a short course of disease,pain and swelling will disappear or be relieved immediately for one or two treatments.Really,there isan effect of relieving pain as soon as the needle is inserted.When the local contralateral needlingmethod is used,the key to improving the effectiveness lies in determining the pain position and its correspondingpoint correctly,the more correct the pain position and its corresponding point are determined,the better the effectiveness will be.In this group,80 cases soft tissue injury were treatedwith local contralateral needling method,the cure rate was 82％,and the total effective rate was100％.展开更多
The aim of this paper is to discuss the Triple Ⅰ restriction reasoning methods for fuzzy soft sets. Triple Ⅰ restriction principles for fuzzy soft modus ponens(FSMP) and fuzzy soft modus tollens(FSMT) are proposed, ...The aim of this paper is to discuss the Triple Ⅰ restriction reasoning methods for fuzzy soft sets. Triple Ⅰ restriction principles for fuzzy soft modus ponens(FSMP) and fuzzy soft modus tollens(FSMT) are proposed, and then, the general expressions of the Triple Ⅰ restriction reasoning method for FSMP and FSMT with respect to residual pairs are presented respectively. Finally, the optimal restriction solutions for Lukasiewicz and Godel implication operators are examined.展开更多
Different criteria and factors are used in different methods of soft soil foundation settlement calculation and engineering geological zoning.The methods used are not universally suitable for complex geological enviro...Different criteria and factors are used in different methods of soft soil foundation settlement calculation and engineering geological zoning.The methods used are not universally suitable for complex geological environments.The post-construction settlement of soft soil foundations are especially large and difficult to calculate.In addition,there are many deficiencies in the current methods used for engineering geological zoning.Focusing on the need of establishing engineering geological zoning for areas with soft soil foundations in the Tianjin Marine Economic Area,combination weighting and extension methods were introduced.An evaluation model for the settlement of soft soil foundations was established using multiple factors and large amounts of data.This evaluation model is accurate and objective for delineating engineering geological zoning.These methods eliminate deficiencies by considering both objective and subjective factors,and help obtain an objective and accurate result.展开更多
基金supported in part by National Key Research&Development Program of China(2021YFB3301200)in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61933015)。
文摘Accurately soft sensing of the mechanical properties of hot-rolled strips is essential to ensure product quality,optimize production,and reduce costs.However,it faces the difficulty caused by limited labeled samples,for which co-training based semi-supervised learning offers a potential solution.So in this paper,a novel soft sensing method for mechanical properties based on improved co-training(ICO)is proposed.Compared with the existing co-training framework,the proposed ICO introduces improvements from the aspects of multiple view partition,confidence estimation,and pseudo-label assignment.Specifically,(ⅰ)in the stage of multiple view partition,ICO integrates metallurgical mechanisms of hot rolling processes and statistical mutual information to achieve a balance between view sufficiency and independence,which improves model performance and interpretability;(ⅱ)in the stage of confidence estimation,ICO evaluates the confidence of unlabeled samples at the cluster level rather than at the level of a single sample,which facilitates the exploration of sample distribution and the selection of representative samples;(ⅲ)in the pseudo-label assignment stage,ICO adopts a safe pseudo-label algorithm(which is called SAFER by its author and originally used for each single sample)to assign pseudo-labels for cluster of samples with the highest confidence determined in the previous step stage,to take advantage of the merit of handling unlabeled samples at the cluster level mentioned above on one hand,and the merit of SAFER in enhancing the quality of pseudo-labels on the other hand.The proposed soft sensing method effectively predicts mechanical properties on the real hot rolling dataset,achieving approximately 5%improvement in R~2 compared to traditional supervised learning.
文摘Geo-engineering problems are known for their complexity and high uncertainty levels,requiring precise defini-tions,past experiences,logical reasoning,mathematical analysis,and practical insight to address them effectively.Soft Computing(SC)methods have gained popularity in engineering disciplines such as mining and civil engineering due to computer hardware and machine learning advancements.Unlike traditional hard computing approaches,SC models use soft values and fuzzy sets to navigate uncertain environments.This study focuses on the application of SC methods to predict backbreak,a common issue in blasting operations within mining and civil projects.Backbreak,which refers to the unintended fracturing of rock beyond the desired blast perimeter,can significantly impact project timelines and costs.This study aims to explore how SC methods can be effectively employed to anticipate and mitigate the undesirable consequences of blasting operations,specifically focusing on backbreak prediction.The research explores the complexities of backbreak prediction and highlights the potential benefits of utilizing SC methods to address this challenging issue in geo-engineering projects.
基金Project supported by Vietnam's National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (103.06.46.09)
文摘Europium orthophosphate monohydrate （EuPO4·H2O） nanorods with typical dimensions of about 10-30 nm in diameter and 300-500 nm in length were prepared by using the soft template method. The effects of using diethylene glycol （DEG） and polyethylene glycol （PEG） polymers as well as the pH values on the size, crystalline structure and morphology of EuPO4·H2O nanorods were investigated. Field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD） data of the prepared samples were elucidated. The nanorods were highly uniform and their mean length was reduced by using DEG and PEG as soft template agents. For all prepared samples, the rhabdophanetype hexagonal EuPO4·H2O was the dominated phase. The photoluminescence （PL） spectroscopy measurements of EuPO4·H2O nanorods revealed that, under UV excitation, EuPO4·H2O nanorods exhibited strong luminescence with narrow bands corresponding to the intra-4f transitions of ^5D0→^7Fj （j=1, 2, 3, 4） of Eu^3＋ ions. The peaks were found at 594 nm （^5D0→^7F1）, 619 nm （^5D0→^7F2）, 652 nm （^5D0→^7F3）, and 697 nm （^5D0→^7F4）, with the strongest emission at 594 nm.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22002143)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province of China(No.201901D211223)the Postgraduate Students Scientific Research Project of North University of China(No.20201766)。
文摘The hollow strontium carbonate pompons was synthesized for the first time by a controlled reaction precipitation method with sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS)and polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP)work together as template.The sampled particles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurement,X-ray diffraction(XRD),Energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy(EDX),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry(TGA-DSC),etc.It is shown that the assynthesized hollow strontium carbonate pompons with the size of about 2μm consist of flake-like particles under the optimal reaction conditions.The formation mechanism of hollow strontium carbonate pompons was preliminarily explored.
基金supported financially by the Outstanding Youth Science Fund of Shaanxi Province(No.2018JC-028)the fund of Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics,Beijing Technology and Business University(No.51772243)+1 种基金the Innovation Team Plan of Shaanxi Province(No.2017KCT-17)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51772243).
文摘Highly dispersed carbon microspheres(CMSs)derived from D-xylose were successfully synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and followed by further carbonization,in which F127 was used as a soft template.As-synthesized products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),flourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),thermal gravimetric(TG)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The results showed that the morphology and structure of the CMSs prominently depended on the stirring speed during hydrothermal reaction.The resultant CMSs principally had non-porous structure without stirring and had a very smooth surface.When the stirring speed increased to 200 rpm,the synthesized mesoporous carbon microspheres at 220?C for 24 h(CMSs-5)had a uniform size distribution of 1–1.4μm and a specific surface area of 452 m^2/g.Nevertheless,with further increasing to 400 rpm,as-fabricated carbon products were mostly amorphous with a low degree of sphericity.Results demonstrated that the diameter of the products decreased with the increase of stirring speed.Furthermore,the sphericity product yield of CMSs reduced with the increase of stirring speed.XRD result showed that all the obtained samples contained partial graphite phase.In addition,a formation mechanism was proposed that involved polymerization product as the precursors for microsphere formation.The controllable and green strategy may provide a great convenience to study properties and applications of carbon microspheres.
文摘The EGAT Mae Moh Mine is the largest open pit lignite mine in Thailand and it produces lignite about 16 million tons annually. In the near future, the pit limit of the mine will be reached and underground mine will then be developed through the open pit in the depth of 400 - 600 m from the surface. However, due to the challenges for underground mining such as poor geological conditions, extra thickness (20 - 30 m) of coal seams, and weak mechanical properties of coal seams and the surrounding rock, the success possibility of underground mining and an applicable underground mining method is being investigated at the present. The paper discusses the applicability of multi-slice bord-and-pillar method for the soft extra thick coal seams in the Mae Moh mine by means of numerical analyses using the 3D finite difference code “FLAC3D”.
基金funded by Science Commission Fund of Chongqing(Grant No.cstc2016jcyj A0123)Open Fund of Key Laboratory of regulation technology for inlandwaterway in transportation industry of Chongqing Jiaotong University (Grant No. NHHD-201506)
文摘The distribution of saturated soft clay is greatly wide in China. The current main measures adopted to deal with soft soil foundations may lead to environmental pollution, even some engineering accidents may happen on soft soil foundations. In order to solve engineering problems of saturated soft soil foundations well, researches of mechanical properties of them are necessary. One of the most important mechanical characteristics of saturated soft clay is its cyclic accumulative deformation under cyclic loadings. For saturated soft clay, the cyclic accumulative deformation is similar to the creep behavior under static loadings. Therefore, the cyclic accumulative deformation is equivalent to the creep, the number of loading cycles is seen as the time, and this study develops a practical method for predicting the cyclic accumulative deformation of saturated soft clay with the creep theory. The method is a pseudostatic elasto-plastic finite element method implemented by ABAQUS software. A fitted equation between cyclic accumulative strain and number of loading cycles and the empirical relationship of parameters of fitted equation were established with aseries of cyclic triaxial compression tests. Then with this empirical relationship of parameters, the method developed by this study was employed to predict the cyclic accumulative deformation under cyclic triaxial tension tests. Predicted results were in good agreement with test results, and the effectiveness of this method was thus validated for different stress states. The method was then applied in analyzing the cyclic accumulative deformation for soft soil foundation of a pile-supported wharf structure.
文摘A modified two-stage soft-docking procedure was developed for the theoretic researches on the recognition of protein-protein or protein-peptide complexes. Some systems have been used to test our program and the results are encouraging.
文摘Contralateral needling method is a common and effective one of acupuncture analgesicmethods.It is used to treat a local pain in the limbs and trunk with a short course of disease,pain and swelling will disappear or be relieved immediately for one or two treatments.Really,there isan effect of relieving pain as soon as the needle is inserted.When the local contralateral needlingmethod is used,the key to improving the effectiveness lies in determining the pain position and its correspondingpoint correctly,the more correct the pain position and its corresponding point are determined,the better the effectiveness will be.In this group,80 cases soft tissue injury were treatedwith local contralateral needling method,the cure rate was 82％,and the total effective rate was100％.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61473239,61372187,61673320)
文摘The aim of this paper is to discuss the Triple Ⅰ restriction reasoning methods for fuzzy soft sets. Triple Ⅰ restriction principles for fuzzy soft modus ponens(FSMP) and fuzzy soft modus tollens(FSMT) are proposed, and then, the general expressions of the Triple Ⅰ restriction reasoning method for FSMP and FSMT with respect to residual pairs are presented respectively. Finally, the optimal restriction solutions for Lukasiewicz and Godel implication operators are examined.
基金National Natural Science Foundations of China(Nos.41172236,41402243)
文摘Different criteria and factors are used in different methods of soft soil foundation settlement calculation and engineering geological zoning.The methods used are not universally suitable for complex geological environments.The post-construction settlement of soft soil foundations are especially large and difficult to calculate.In addition,there are many deficiencies in the current methods used for engineering geological zoning.Focusing on the need of establishing engineering geological zoning for areas with soft soil foundations in the Tianjin Marine Economic Area,combination weighting and extension methods were introduced.An evaluation model for the settlement of soft soil foundations was established using multiple factors and large amounts of data.This evaluation model is accurate and objective for delineating engineering geological zoning.These methods eliminate deficiencies by considering both objective and subjective factors,and help obtain an objective and accurate result.
