About 10 million people in China are infected with hepatitis C virus(HCV),with the seroprevalence of anti-HCV in the general population estimated at 0.6%.Delaying effective treatment of chronic hepatitis C(CHC)is asso...About 10 million people in China are infected with hepatitis C virus(HCV),with the seroprevalence of anti-HCV in the general population estimated at 0.6%.Delaying effective treatment of chronic hepatitis C(CHC)is associated with liver disease progression,cirrhosis,hepatocellular carcinoma,and liver-related mortality.The extrahepatic manifestations of CHC further add to the disease burden of patients.Managing CHC-related advanced liver diseases and systemic manifestations are costly for both the healthcare system and society.Loss of work productivity due to reduced well-being and quality of life in CHC patients further compounds the economic burden of the disease.Traditionally,pegylatedinterferon plus ribavirin(PR)was the standard of care.However,a substantial number of patients are ineligible for PR treatment,and only 40%–75%achieved sustained virologic response.Furthermore,PR is associated with impairment of patient-reported outcomes(PROs),high rates of adverse events,and poor adherence.With the advent of direct acting antivirals(DAAs),the treatment of CHC patients has been revolutionized.DAAs have broader eligible patient populations,higher efficacy,better PRO profiles,fewer adverse events,and better adherence rates,thereby making it possible to cure a large proportion of all CHC patients.This article aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation on the value of effective,curative hepatitis C treatment from the clinical,economic,societal,and patient experience perspectives,with a focus on recent data from China,supplemented with other Asian and international experiences where China data are not available.展开更多
Purpose: This paper describes an alternative way of assessing journals considering a broader perspective of its impact. The Area-based connectedness(ABC) to society of journals applied here contributes to the assessme...Purpose: This paper describes an alternative way of assessing journals considering a broader perspective of its impact. The Area-based connectedness(ABC) to society of journals applied here contributes to the assessment of the dissemination task of journals but with more data it may also contribute to the assessment of other missions.Design/methodology/approach: The ABC approach assesses the performance of research actors, in this case journals, considering the characteristics of the research areas in which they are active. Each paper in a journal inherits the characteristics of its area. These areas are defined by a publication-based classification. The characteristics of areas relate to 5 dimensions of connectedness to society(news, policy, industrial R&D, technology and local interest) and are calculated by bibliometric indicators and social media metrics. Findings: In the paper, I illustrate the approach by showing the results for a few journals. They illustrate the diverse profiles that journals may have. We are able to provide a profile for each journal in the Web of Science database. The profiles we present show an appropriate view on the journals’ societal connectedness.Research limitations: The classification I apply to perform the analyses is a CWTS in house classification based on Web of Science data. As such the application depends on the(updates of) that system. The classification is available at www.leidenranking.com.Practical implications: The dimensions of connectedness discussed in this paper relate to the dissemination task of journals but further development of this method may provide more options to monitor the tasks/mission of journals. Originality/value: The ABC approach is a unique way to assess performance or impact of research actors considering the characteristics of the areas in which output is published and as such less prone to manipulation or gaming.展开更多
With China’s entry into WTO and the opening-up of China’s economy to outside world,more foreign companies have flooded into China.And then English is playing a more and more important role in the world and in China....With China’s entry into WTO and the opening-up of China’s economy to outside world,more foreign companies have flooded into China.And then English is playing a more and more important role in the world and in China.ESP(English for Specific Purposes)also goes to the fastest growing area of English in China.Therefore,an experimental research on societal needs of EGP and ESP is conducted in this essay,whose results the teachers of ESP and EGP(English for General Purposes)can benefit from,such as designing syllabus and the courses,adopting and adapting materials,operating the classroom teaching,and evaluating the teaching process.Correspondingly,only by way of combining specific knowledge with learning skills can the students’English learning be really improved to sow the seeds of benefits for their future work and learning.展开更多
This study comprehensively reviews the literature to deeply explore the role of computer science and internet technologies in addressing educational inequality and socio-psychological issues,with a particular focus on...This study comprehensively reviews the literature to deeply explore the role of computer science and internet technologies in addressing educational inequality and socio-psychological issues,with a particular focus on applications of 5G,artificial intelligence(AI),and augmented/virtual reality(AR/VR).By analyzing how these technologies are reshaping learning and their potential to ameliorate educational disparities,the study reveals challenges present in ensuring educational equity.The research methodology includes exhaustive reviews of applications of AI and machine learning,the Internet of Things and wearable technologies integration,big data analytics and data mining,and the effects of online platforms and social media on socio-psychological issues.Besides,the study discusses applications of these technologies in educational inequality and socio-psychological problem-solving through the lens of 5G,AI,and AR/VR,while also delineating challenges faced by these emerging technologies and future outlooks.The study finds that while computer science and internet technologies hold promise to bridge academic divides and address socio-psychological problems,the complexity of technology access and infrastructure,lack of digital literacy and skills,and critical ethical and privacy issues can impact widespread adoption and efficacy.Overall,the study provides a novel perspective to understand the potential of computer science and internet technologies in ameliorating educational inequality and socio-psychological issues,while pointing to new directions for future research.It also emphasizes the importance of cooperation among educational institutions,technology vendors,policymakers and researchers,and establishing comprehensive ethical guidelines and regulations to ensure the responsible use of these technologies.展开更多
Geological features and hazards have no geographical and political boundaries.The North Atlantic Treaty Organization(NATO)has been funding several international Earth Science research projects in Central Asia and the ...Geological features and hazards have no geographical and political boundaries.The North Atlantic Treaty Organization(NATO)has been funding several international Earth Science research projects in Central Asia and the Caucasus over the last ten years.The projects are aimed at improving the security of people and the safety of infrastructures,and fostering peaceful scientific collaboration between scientists from NATO and non-NATO countries.In the present work,we show how Earth Science can contribute to improving scientific collaboration also among countries that are politically in tension,and how it can also play a key role in preventing situations that may escalate into conflicts.This paper showcases the main results,partially unpublished,of three different research projects that have been aimed at assessing,through an interdisciplinary approach,different geohazards affecting important infrastructure and lifelines of a number of countries in Central Asia and the Caucasus.For each region,we also describe the societal relevance of the research,considering possible geopolitical issues that might be brought about by natural disasters.展开更多
Scholars and volunteers have been dedicated to working together with local residence for nearly two decades to protect nature.AS the awareness of both the government and the general public has grown regarding environm...Scholars and volunteers have been dedicated to working together with local residence for nearly two decades to protect nature.AS the awareness of both the government and the general public has grown regarding environmental protection,it has become a general consensus that ecosystems need to be protected by relying on local guardians with broad societal support and participation.展开更多
1.Introduction Sports mega-events should transcend mere celebrations and generate lasting societal impacts.The“post-Olympic”era legacies often become focal points of global interest.1,2 As the apex of international ...1.Introduction Sports mega-events should transcend mere celebrations and generate lasting societal impacts.The“post-Olympic”era legacies often become focal points of global interest.1,2 As the apex of international multi-sport events,the Olympics offer an unparalleled opportunity to shift societal health behaviors.When spectators are motivated to engage in sports and elevate their understanding of athletics through the event,it constitutes the Olympics’most significant legacy.3 The 2024 Paris Olympics emerged as a global showcase for pioneering health communication strategies,utilizing digital media to advance physical fitness and sports knowledge.This article delves into the digital health communication strategies employed during the Paris Olympics and proposes policy recommendations to amplify global public health benefits.展开更多
In the last few years,scholars have continued to refine the understanding of conservatism through cultural psychology.The application of Symbolic Action Theory,particularly Ernst Boesch’s framework,remains central to...In the last few years,scholars have continued to refine the understanding of conservatism through cultural psychology.The application of Symbolic Action Theory,particularly Ernst Boesch’s framework,remains central to discussions,illustrating how conservatism is not merely a political stance but a dynamic system of behaviors that reinforces societal values through symbolic actions(Kölbl,2020).Additionally,recent studies have highlighted the interaction between cultural conservatism and collective identity,with particular focus on how conservatism can manifest in diverse cultural settings(Yilmaz&Alper,2019).Research also underscores the relevance of symbolic politics in shaping both individual attitudes and broader political actions,contributing to the understanding of how symbolic meanings sustain social conservatism in different cultural contexts(Chin&Levey,2022).展开更多
The nearly 30-year economic growth miracle brings the consequent tremendous poor-rich gap leading strong drives for social transformation in current China. Chinese top leaders have realized to increase the peoples＇ i...The nearly 30-year economic growth miracle brings the consequent tremendous poor-rich gap leading strong drives for social transformation in current China. Chinese top leaders have realized to increase the peoples＇ income, improve quality of life and construct a ＂harmonious society＂ as key missions especially in recent 10 years. How to measure a harmonious society is one important topic as different measures may lead to different development policies. This paper outlines over 10 indices relevant to measure a harmonious society. Some are global indicators, while some are contributed by domestic researchers and arouse debates. Most of those indicators require conducting surveys on social attitudes under micro levels, which is always time consuming with problem of data quality. As Internet technology advances provide ways to record and disseminate fresh community ideas and thoughts conveniently, detecting topics or emotions from on-line public opinions is becoming a trend or one supplement way to overcome those data acquisition problems. This paper discusses one approach to on-line societal risk perception using hot search words and BBS posts. Such a trial aims to provide another way to societal risk perception different from those in traditional socio psychology studies. Challenges are also indicated.展开更多
The risk classification of BBS posts is important to the evaluation of societal risk level within a period. Using the posts collected from Tianya forum as the data source, the authors adopted the societal risk indicat...The risk classification of BBS posts is important to the evaluation of societal risk level within a period. Using the posts collected from Tianya forum as the data source, the authors adopted the societal risk indicators from socio psychology, and conduct document-level multiple societal risk classification of BBS posts. To effectively capture the semantics and word order of documents, a shallow neural network as Paragraph Vector is applied to realize the distributed vector representations of the posts in the vector space. Based on the document vectors, the authors apply one classification method KNN to identify the societal risk category of the posts. The experimental results reveal that paragraph vector in document-level societal risk classification achieves much faster training speed and at least 10% improvements of F-measures than Bag-of-Words. Furthermore, the performance of paragraph vector is also superior to edit distance and Lucene-based search method. The present work is the first attempt of combining document embedding method with socio psychology research results to public opinions area.展开更多
Societal risk classification is the fundamental issue for online societal risk monitoring. To show the challenge and feasibility of societal risk classification toward BBS posts, an empirical analysis is implemented i...Societal risk classification is the fundamental issue for online societal risk monitoring. To show the challenge and feasibility of societal risk classification toward BBS posts, an empirical analysis is implemented in this paper. Through effectiveness analysis, Support Vector Machine based on Bag-Of-Words （BOW-SVM） is adopted for challenge validation, and the distributed document embeddings of BBS posts generated by Paragraph Vector are applied to feasibility study. Based on BOW-SVM, cross-validations of BBS posts labeled by different groups and annotators are conducted. The big fluctuation of cross-validation results indicates the differences of individual risk perceptions, which brings more challenges to societal risk classification. Furthermore, based on the distributed document embeddings of BBS posts, the pairwise similarities of more than 300 thousands BBS posts from different societal risk categories are compared. The higher similarities of BBS posts in the same societal risk category reveal that BBS posts in the same societal risk category share more features than BBS posts in different categories, which manifests the feasibility of societal risk classification of BBS posts, and also reflects the possibility to improve the performance of societal risk monitoring.展开更多
Modem China is undergoing a variety of social conflicts as the arrival of new era with thetransformation of the principal contradiction. Then monitoring the society stable is a huge workload.Online societal risk perce...Modem China is undergoing a variety of social conflicts as the arrival of new era with thetransformation of the principal contradiction. Then monitoring the society stable is a huge workload.Online societal risk perception is acquired by mapping on-line public concerns respectively intosocietal risk events including national security, economy ＆ finance, public morals, daily life, socialstability, government management, and resources ＆ environment, and then provides one kind ofmeasurement toward the society state. Obviously, stable and harmonious social situations are the basicguarantee for the healthy development of the stock market. Thus we concern whether the variations ofthe societal risk are related to stock market volatility. We study their relationships by two steps, firstthe relationships between search trends and societal risk perception; next the relationships betweensocietal risk perception and stock volatility. The weekend and holiday effects in China stock market aretaken into consideration. Three different econometric methods are explored to observe the impacts ofvariations of societal risk on Shanghai Composite Index and Shenzhen Composite Index. 3 majorfindings are addressed. Firstly, there exist causal relations between Baidu Index and societal riskperception. Secondly, the perception of finance ＆ economy, social stability, and governmentmanagement has distinguishing effects on the volatility of both Shanghai Composite Index and Shenzhen Composite Index. Thirdly, the weekend and holiday effects of societal risk perception on the stock market are verified. The research demonstrates that capturing societal risk based on on-line public concerns is feasible and meaningful.展开更多
Societal risk classification is a fundamental and complex issue for societal risk perception. To conduct societal risk classification, Tianya Forum posts are selected as the data source, and four kinds of representati...Societal risk classification is a fundamental and complex issue for societal risk perception. To conduct societal risk classification, Tianya Forum posts are selected as the data source, and four kinds of representations： string representation, term-frequency representation, TF-IDF representation and the distributed representation of BBS posts are applied. Using edit distance or cosine similarity as distance metric, four k-Nearest Neighbor （kNN） classifiers based on different representations are developed and compared. Owing to the priority of word order and semantic extraction of the neural network model Paragraph Vector, kNN based on the distributed representation generated by Paragraph Vector （kNN-PV） shows effectiveness for societal risk classification. Furthermore, to improve the performance of societal risk classification, through different weights, kNN-PV is combined with other three kNN classifiers as an ensemble model. Through brute force grid search method, the optimal weights are assigned to different kNN classifiers. Compared with kNN-PV, the experimental results reveal that Macro-F of the ensemble method is significantly improved for societal risk classification.展开更多
Event evolution analysis which provides an effective approach to capture the main context of a story from explosive increased news texts has become the critical basis for many real applications,such as crisis and emer...Event evolution analysis which provides an effective approach to capture the main context of a story from explosive increased news texts has become the critical basis for many real applications,such as crisis and emergency management and decision making.Especially,the development of societal risk events which may cause some possible harm to society or individuals has been heavily concerned by both the government and the public.In order to capture the evolution and trends of societal risk events,this paper presents an improved algorithm based on the method of information maps.It contains an event-level cluster generation algorithm and an evaluation algorithm.The main work includes:1)Word embedding representation is adopted and event-level clusters are chosen as nodes of the events evolution chains which may comprehensively present the underlying structure of events.Meanwhile,clusters that consist of risk-labeled events enable to illustrate how events evolve along the time with transitions of risks.2)One real-world case,the event of"Chinese Red Cross",is studied and a series of experiments are conducted.3)An evaluation algorithm is proposed on the basis of indicators of map construction without massive human-annotated dataset.Our approach for event evolution analysis automatically generates a visual evolution of societal risk events,displaying a clear and structural picture of events development.展开更多
Major societal problems affect the social stability. It is necessary to understand the public opinion toward those issues to avoid social conflicts. Nowadays the social media become the major platform to track what th...Major societal problems affect the social stability. It is necessary to understand the public opinion toward those issues to avoid social conflicts. Nowadays the social media become the major platform to track what the public is concerned about and which may be of the societal risk. However,it is very tough to capture the public attention in short time due to huge flow of user-generated contents.In this paper, we approach this problem by expanding the method of generating storyline with the result displayed by a multi-view graph. One real-world example is illustrated and evaluation is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
The background, purpose, and design of this special section are briefly explained in this introductory article. Three aspects emerged from the articles in this special section and are highlighted to provide a frame of...The background, purpose, and design of this special section are briefly explained in this introductory article. Three aspects emerged from the articles in this special section and are highlighted to provide a frame of reference for the reader:(1) a paradigm shift towards adaptive and integrative disaster risk governance;(2) a framework that situates adaptive and integrative risk governance in the context of transformation toward sustainability; and(3) the introduction of ‘‘implementation science'' as a concept, method, and emerging field that brings natural and social sciences, engineering, and humanities jointly to bear in risk mitigation and adaptation.展开更多
Complex societal problems are often wrongly addressed by politicians as mono-disciplinary, relatively easy to solve problems. By directly jumping to conclusions politicians overlook the complexity of the problems in t...Complex societal problems are often wrongly addressed by politicians as mono-disciplinary, relatively easy to solve problems. By directly jumping to conclusions politicians overlook the complexity of the problems in their decision making process. Complex societal problems are generally interdisciplinary problems and should be addressed in a multi-disciplinary way considering the multiple actors and their interactions, the many variables involved, as well as the emotions that the problems provokes. These many interactions are the cause of the complexity of the problem handling process. It is high time that complex societal problems are addressed by the politicians in the right way using the methodology, methods and tools of the field of Methodology of Societal Complexity so the problems can be handled in an adequate, transparent, efficient and proper way, mitigating the damage the problems are causing. The field of Methodology of Societal Complexity developed ways to guide the problem handling process of complex societal problems for analysing, decision making and implementing interventions in an adequate, democratic and efficient way. The Compram methodology is a major methodology in this field and directs in a structured, democratic, and efficient way, the problem handling process of complex societal problems by using a multi-disciplinary, multi actor approach including emotional aspects. The OECD （2006） advised governments to handle complex societal problems that threaten global safety according to the Compram methodology. The universities should include issues of the field of Societal Complexity into their disciplines so that future managers are aware how complex societal problems should be handled.展开更多
BACKGROUND The Limb Lengthening and Reconstruction Society(LLRS)is a premier orthopedic specialty organization that promotes limb reconstruction for all ages.LLRS membership characteristics,however,are poorly reported...BACKGROUND The Limb Lengthening and Reconstruction Society(LLRS)is a premier orthopedic specialty organization that promotes limb reconstruction for all ages.LLRS membership characteristics,however,are poorly reported.This study delineates orthopedic surgeon LLRS members’demographic traits,academic achievement,leadership attainment,and geographical distribution across the United States.AIM To inform aspiring orthopedic professionals,as well as to promote growth and diversity in both the LLRS organization and overarching field.METHODS This cross-sectional study examined United States LLRS members’academic,leadership,demographic,and geographical attributes.After reviewing the 2023 LLRS member directory,Google search results were matched to the listings and appended to the compiled data.Sex and ethnicity were evaluated visually utilizing retrieved images.The Hirsch index(H-index)of academic activity,residency and fellowship training,other graduate degrees,leadership positions,practice type(academic or non-academic),and spoken languages were categorized.LLRS members per state and capita determined geographic distribution.The Mann Whitney U test was applied to compare H-index between males and females,as well as to assess member differences pertaining to affiliation with academic vs non-academic practice facilities.RESULTS The study included 101 orthopedic surgeons,78(77.23%)Caucasian and 23(22.77%)non-Caucasian,79(78.22%)male and 22(21.78%)female.Surgeons with DO degrees comprised only 3.96%(4)of the cohort,while the vast majority held MDs[96.04%(97)].Mean H-index was 10.55,with male surgeons having a significantly higher score(P=0.002).Most orthopedic surgeons(88.12%,)practiced in academic centers.Of those professionals who occupied leadership positions,14%were women,while 86%were men.Additionally,19(37.25%)United States regions and the District of Columbia lacked an LLRS-member orthopedic surgeon.Total per capita rate across the United States was 0.30 LLRS orthopedic surgeons per 1 million people.CONCLUSION Over 21%of LLRS members are women,surpassing prior benchmarks noted in orthopedic faculty reporting.LLRS members’high research productivity scores imply field dedication that can refine expertise in the limb lengthening and reconstruction space.Gender disparities in leadership remain,however,necessitating greater equity efforts.A low rate of LLRS representation per capita must be addressed geographically as well,to affect improvements in regional care access.This study can serve to support aspiring orthopedic professionals,inform diversity,leadership,and field advancement strategies,and maintain the continued goal of enhanced patient care worldwide.展开更多
This paper explores the intricate relationship between Chinese culture and the nation’s rise,emphasizing the indispensable role of cultural education in fostering a robust national spirit and civilization.Drawing fro...This paper explores the intricate relationship between Chinese culture and the nation’s rise,emphasizing the indispensable role of cultural education in fostering a robust national spirit and civilization.Drawing from classical Chinese texts and contemporary philosophical insights,the study examines how cultural virtues and educational practices can lead to societal harmony,national rejuvenation,and global contributions.The analysis highlights the enduring relevance of Confucian principles and their potential to address modern challenges,advocating for a renewed focus on cultural education to achieve a prosperous and peaceful world.Additionally,it underscores the necessity of integrating traditional values with modern educational practices to create a holistic approach that fosters ethical leadership and global cooperation.展开更多
Buried course of the desiccated river Saraswati/Ghagghar-Hakara from Himalayan front to Arabian Sea through the plains of NW India has been in discussion and scientific investigations since~140 years due to its import...Buried course of the desiccated river Saraswati/Ghagghar-Hakara from Himalayan front to Arabian Sea through the plains of NW India has been in discussion and scientific investigations since~140 years due to its importance in societal evolution and drainage disorganization.展开更多
文摘About 10 million people in China are infected with hepatitis C virus(HCV),with the seroprevalence of anti-HCV in the general population estimated at 0.6%.Delaying effective treatment of chronic hepatitis C(CHC)is associated with liver disease progression,cirrhosis,hepatocellular carcinoma,and liver-related mortality.The extrahepatic manifestations of CHC further add to the disease burden of patients.Managing CHC-related advanced liver diseases and systemic manifestations are costly for both the healthcare system and society.Loss of work productivity due to reduced well-being and quality of life in CHC patients further compounds the economic burden of the disease.Traditionally,pegylatedinterferon plus ribavirin(PR)was the standard of care.However,a substantial number of patients are ineligible for PR treatment,and only 40%–75%achieved sustained virologic response.Furthermore,PR is associated with impairment of patient-reported outcomes(PROs),high rates of adverse events,and poor adherence.With the advent of direct acting antivirals(DAAs),the treatment of CHC patients has been revolutionized.DAAs have broader eligible patient populations,higher efficacy,better PRO profiles,fewer adverse events,and better adherence rates,thereby making it possible to cure a large proportion of all CHC patients.This article aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation on the value of effective,curative hepatitis C treatment from the clinical,economic,societal,and patient experience perspectives,with a focus on recent data from China,supplemented with other Asian and international experiences where China data are not available.
文摘Purpose: This paper describes an alternative way of assessing journals considering a broader perspective of its impact. The Area-based connectedness(ABC) to society of journals applied here contributes to the assessment of the dissemination task of journals but with more data it may also contribute to the assessment of other missions.Design/methodology/approach: The ABC approach assesses the performance of research actors, in this case journals, considering the characteristics of the research areas in which they are active. Each paper in a journal inherits the characteristics of its area. These areas are defined by a publication-based classification. The characteristics of areas relate to 5 dimensions of connectedness to society(news, policy, industrial R&D, technology and local interest) and are calculated by bibliometric indicators and social media metrics. Findings: In the paper, I illustrate the approach by showing the results for a few journals. They illustrate the diverse profiles that journals may have. We are able to provide a profile for each journal in the Web of Science database. The profiles we present show an appropriate view on the journals’ societal connectedness.Research limitations: The classification I apply to perform the analyses is a CWTS in house classification based on Web of Science data. As such the application depends on the(updates of) that system. The classification is available at www.leidenranking.com.Practical implications: The dimensions of connectedness discussed in this paper relate to the dissemination task of journals but further development of this method may provide more options to monitor the tasks/mission of journals. Originality/value: The ABC approach is a unique way to assess performance or impact of research actors considering the characteristics of the areas in which output is published and as such less prone to manipulation or gaming.
文摘With China’s entry into WTO and the opening-up of China’s economy to outside world,more foreign companies have flooded into China.And then English is playing a more and more important role in the world and in China.ESP(English for Specific Purposes)also goes to the fastest growing area of English in China.Therefore,an experimental research on societal needs of EGP and ESP is conducted in this essay,whose results the teachers of ESP and EGP(English for General Purposes)can benefit from,such as designing syllabus and the courses,adopting and adapting materials,operating the classroom teaching,and evaluating the teaching process.Correspondingly,only by way of combining specific knowledge with learning skills can the students’English learning be really improved to sow the seeds of benefits for their future work and learning.
文摘This study comprehensively reviews the literature to deeply explore the role of computer science and internet technologies in addressing educational inequality and socio-psychological issues,with a particular focus on applications of 5G,artificial intelligence(AI),and augmented/virtual reality(AR/VR).By analyzing how these technologies are reshaping learning and their potential to ameliorate educational disparities,the study reveals challenges present in ensuring educational equity.The research methodology includes exhaustive reviews of applications of AI and machine learning,the Internet of Things and wearable technologies integration,big data analytics and data mining,and the effects of online platforms and social media on socio-psychological issues.Besides,the study discusses applications of these technologies in educational inequality and socio-psychological problem-solving through the lens of 5G,AI,and AR/VR,while also delineating challenges faced by these emerging technologies and future outlooks.The study finds that while computer science and internet technologies hold promise to bridge academic divides and address socio-psychological problems,the complexity of technology access and infrastructure,lack of digital literacy and skills,and critical ethical and privacy issues can impact widespread adoption and efficacy.Overall,the study provides a novel perspective to understand the potential of computer science and internet technologies in ameliorating educational inequality and socio-psychological issues,while pointing to new directions for future research.It also emphasizes the importance of cooperation among educational institutions,technology vendors,policymakers and researchers,and establishing comprehensive ethical guidelines and regulations to ensure the responsible use of these technologies.
基金funding from NATOSFP project G4934funding from NATOSFP project 983142funding from NATO project CLG 982957。
文摘Geological features and hazards have no geographical and political boundaries.The North Atlantic Treaty Organization(NATO)has been funding several international Earth Science research projects in Central Asia and the Caucasus over the last ten years.The projects are aimed at improving the security of people and the safety of infrastructures,and fostering peaceful scientific collaboration between scientists from NATO and non-NATO countries.In the present work,we show how Earth Science can contribute to improving scientific collaboration also among countries that are politically in tension,and how it can also play a key role in preventing situations that may escalate into conflicts.This paper showcases the main results,partially unpublished,of three different research projects that have been aimed at assessing,through an interdisciplinary approach,different geohazards affecting important infrastructure and lifelines of a number of countries in Central Asia and the Caucasus.For each region,we also describe the societal relevance of the research,considering possible geopolitical issues that might be brought about by natural disasters.
文摘Scholars and volunteers have been dedicated to working together with local residence for nearly two decades to protect nature.AS the awareness of both the government and the general public has grown regarding environmental protection,it has become a general consensus that ecosystems need to be protected by relying on local guardians with broad societal support and participation.
基金supported by the Ministry of Education in China Project of Humanities and Social Science(Grant No.23YJC860005).
文摘1.Introduction Sports mega-events should transcend mere celebrations and generate lasting societal impacts.The“post-Olympic”era legacies often become focal points of global interest.1,2 As the apex of international multi-sport events,the Olympics offer an unparalleled opportunity to shift societal health behaviors.When spectators are motivated to engage in sports and elevate their understanding of athletics through the event,it constitutes the Olympics’most significant legacy.3 The 2024 Paris Olympics emerged as a global showcase for pioneering health communication strategies,utilizing digital media to advance physical fitness and sports knowledge.This article delves into the digital health communication strategies employed during the Paris Olympics and proposes policy recommendations to amplify global public health benefits.
基金supported by the Philosophy and Social Science Research Fund of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.24ZJQN095YB)the Educational and Teaching Reform Project of HDU-ITMO Joint Institute(Grant No.SGJ2023JG007).
文摘In the last few years,scholars have continued to refine the understanding of conservatism through cultural psychology.The application of Symbolic Action Theory,particularly Ernst Boesch’s framework,remains central to discussions,illustrating how conservatism is not merely a political stance but a dynamic system of behaviors that reinforces societal values through symbolic actions(Kölbl,2020).Additionally,recent studies have highlighted the interaction between cultural conservatism and collective identity,with particular focus on how conservatism can manifest in diverse cultural settings(Yilmaz&Alper,2019).Research also underscores the relevance of symbolic politics in shaping both individual attitudes and broader political actions,contributing to the understanding of how symbolic meanings sustain social conservatism in different cultural contexts(Chin&Levey,2022).
基金supported by National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No.2010CB731405Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.71171187
文摘The nearly 30-year economic growth miracle brings the consequent tremendous poor-rich gap leading strong drives for social transformation in current China. Chinese top leaders have realized to increase the peoples＇ income, improve quality of life and construct a ＂harmonious society＂ as key missions especially in recent 10 years. How to measure a harmonious society is one important topic as different measures may lead to different development policies. This paper outlines over 10 indices relevant to measure a harmonious society. Some are global indicators, while some are contributed by domestic researchers and arouse debates. Most of those indicators require conducting surveys on social attitudes under micro levels, which is always time consuming with problem of data quality. As Internet technology advances provide ways to record and disseminate fresh community ideas and thoughts conveniently, detecting topics or emotions from on-line public opinions is becoming a trend or one supplement way to overcome those data acquisition problems. This paper discusses one approach to on-line societal risk perception using hot search words and BBS posts. Such a trial aims to provide another way to societal risk perception different from those in traditional socio psychology studies. Challenges are also indicated.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.71171187,71371107,and 61473284
文摘The risk classification of BBS posts is important to the evaluation of societal risk level within a period. Using the posts collected from Tianya forum as the data source, the authors adopted the societal risk indicators from socio psychology, and conduct document-level multiple societal risk classification of BBS posts. To effectively capture the semantics and word order of documents, a shallow neural network as Paragraph Vector is applied to realize the distributed vector representations of the posts in the vector space. Based on the document vectors, the authors apply one classification method KNN to identify the societal risk category of the posts. The experimental results reveal that paragraph vector in document-level societal risk classification achieves much faster training speed and at least 10% improvements of F-measures than Bag-of-Words. Furthermore, the performance of paragraph vector is also superior to edit distance and Lucene-based search method. The present work is the first attempt of combining document embedding method with socio psychology research results to public opinions area.
文摘Societal risk classification is the fundamental issue for online societal risk monitoring. To show the challenge and feasibility of societal risk classification toward BBS posts, an empirical analysis is implemented in this paper. Through effectiveness analysis, Support Vector Machine based on Bag-Of-Words （BOW-SVM） is adopted for challenge validation, and the distributed document embeddings of BBS posts generated by Paragraph Vector are applied to feasibility study. Based on BOW-SVM, cross-validations of BBS posts labeled by different groups and annotators are conducted. The big fluctuation of cross-validation results indicates the differences of individual risk perceptions, which brings more challenges to societal risk classification. Furthermore, based on the distributed document embeddings of BBS posts, the pairwise similarities of more than 300 thousands BBS posts from different societal risk categories are compared. The higher similarities of BBS posts in the same societal risk category reveal that BBS posts in the same societal risk category share more features than BBS posts in different categories, which manifests the feasibility of societal risk classification of BBS posts, and also reflects the possibility to improve the performance of societal risk monitoring.
基金This research is supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China （2016YFB1000902） and National Natural Science Foundation of China （61473284 ＆ 71731002）.
文摘Modem China is undergoing a variety of social conflicts as the arrival of new era with thetransformation of the principal contradiction. Then monitoring the society stable is a huge workload.Online societal risk perception is acquired by mapping on-line public concerns respectively intosocietal risk events including national security, economy ＆ finance, public morals, daily life, socialstability, government management, and resources ＆ environment, and then provides one kind ofmeasurement toward the society state. Obviously, stable and harmonious social situations are the basicguarantee for the healthy development of the stock market. Thus we concern whether the variations ofthe societal risk are related to stock market volatility. We study their relationships by two steps, firstthe relationships between search trends and societal risk perception; next the relationships betweensocietal risk perception and stock volatility. The weekend and holiday effects in China stock market aretaken into consideration. Three different econometric methods are explored to observe the impacts ofvariations of societal risk on Shanghai Composite Index and Shenzhen Composite Index. 3 majorfindings are addressed. Firstly, there exist causal relations between Baidu Index and societal riskperception. Secondly, the perception of finance ＆ economy, social stability, and governmentmanagement has distinguishing effects on the volatility of both Shanghai Composite Index and Shenzhen Composite Index. Thirdly, the weekend and holiday effects of societal risk perception on the stock market are verified. The research demonstrates that capturing societal risk based on on-line public concerns is feasible and meaningful.
基金This study is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under grant No. 2016YFB1000902 and National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant Nos. 61473284, 71601023 and 71371107.
文摘Societal risk classification is a fundamental and complex issue for societal risk perception. To conduct societal risk classification, Tianya Forum posts are selected as the data source, and four kinds of representations： string representation, term-frequency representation, TF-IDF representation and the distributed representation of BBS posts are applied. Using edit distance or cosine similarity as distance metric, four k-Nearest Neighbor （kNN） classifiers based on different representations are developed and compared. Owing to the priority of word order and semantic extraction of the neural network model Paragraph Vector, kNN based on the distributed representation generated by Paragraph Vector （kNN-PV） shows effectiveness for societal risk classification. Furthermore, to improve the performance of societal risk classification, through different weights, kNN-PV is combined with other three kNN classifiers as an ensemble model. Through brute force grid search method, the optimal weights are assigned to different kNN classifiers. Compared with kNN-PV, the experimental results reveal that Macro-F of the ensemble method is significantly improved for societal risk classification.
基金This work has been supported by National Key Research and Development Program of)China,under Grant No.2016YFB1000902,Na-tional Natural Science Foundation of China,under Grant No.71731002 and No.71971190 and Beijing Postdoctoral Research Foundation,under Grant No.ZZ2019-92The main con-tents had been presented at the 19th Inter-national Symposium on Knowledge and Sys-tems Sciences(KSS2018)held in Tokyo during November 17-19,2018.The referees are greatly appreciated for their help to improve the qual-ity of the extended paper.
文摘Event evolution analysis which provides an effective approach to capture the main context of a story from explosive increased news texts has become the critical basis for many real applications,such as crisis and emergency management and decision making.Especially,the development of societal risk events which may cause some possible harm to society or individuals has been heavily concerned by both the government and the public.In order to capture the evolution and trends of societal risk events,this paper presents an improved algorithm based on the method of information maps.It contains an event-level cluster generation algorithm and an evaluation algorithm.The main work includes:1)Word embedding representation is adopted and event-level clusters are chosen as nodes of the events evolution chains which may comprehensively present the underlying structure of events.Meanwhile,clusters that consist of risk-labeled events enable to illustrate how events evolve along the time with transitions of risks.2)One real-world case,the event of"Chinese Red Cross",is studied and a series of experiments are conducted.3)An evaluation algorithm is proposed on the basis of indicators of map construction without massive human-annotated dataset.Our approach for event evolution analysis automatically generates a visual evolution of societal risk events,displaying a clear and structural picture of events development.
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFB1000902)National Natural Science Foundation of China(61473284,71371107)
文摘Major societal problems affect the social stability. It is necessary to understand the public opinion toward those issues to avoid social conflicts. Nowadays the social media become the major platform to track what the public is concerned about and which may be of the societal risk. However,it is very tough to capture the public attention in short time due to huge flow of user-generated contents.In this paper, we approach this problem by expanding the method of generating storyline with the result displayed by a multi-view graph. One real-world example is illustrated and evaluation is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
文摘The background, purpose, and design of this special section are briefly explained in this introductory article. Three aspects emerged from the articles in this special section and are highlighted to provide a frame of reference for the reader:(1) a paradigm shift towards adaptive and integrative disaster risk governance;(2) a framework that situates adaptive and integrative risk governance in the context of transformation toward sustainability; and(3) the introduction of ‘‘implementation science'' as a concept, method, and emerging field that brings natural and social sciences, engineering, and humanities jointly to bear in risk mitigation and adaptation.
文摘Complex societal problems are often wrongly addressed by politicians as mono-disciplinary, relatively easy to solve problems. By directly jumping to conclusions politicians overlook the complexity of the problems in their decision making process. Complex societal problems are generally interdisciplinary problems and should be addressed in a multi-disciplinary way considering the multiple actors and their interactions, the many variables involved, as well as the emotions that the problems provokes. These many interactions are the cause of the complexity of the problem handling process. It is high time that complex societal problems are addressed by the politicians in the right way using the methodology, methods and tools of the field of Methodology of Societal Complexity so the problems can be handled in an adequate, transparent, efficient and proper way, mitigating the damage the problems are causing. The field of Methodology of Societal Complexity developed ways to guide the problem handling process of complex societal problems for analysing, decision making and implementing interventions in an adequate, democratic and efficient way. The Compram methodology is a major methodology in this field and directs in a structured, democratic, and efficient way, the problem handling process of complex societal problems by using a multi-disciplinary, multi actor approach including emotional aspects. The OECD （2006） advised governments to handle complex societal problems that threaten global safety according to the Compram methodology. The universities should include issues of the field of Societal Complexity into their disciplines so that future managers are aware how complex societal problems should be handled.
文摘BACKGROUND The Limb Lengthening and Reconstruction Society(LLRS)is a premier orthopedic specialty organization that promotes limb reconstruction for all ages.LLRS membership characteristics,however,are poorly reported.This study delineates orthopedic surgeon LLRS members’demographic traits,academic achievement,leadership attainment,and geographical distribution across the United States.AIM To inform aspiring orthopedic professionals,as well as to promote growth and diversity in both the LLRS organization and overarching field.METHODS This cross-sectional study examined United States LLRS members’academic,leadership,demographic,and geographical attributes.After reviewing the 2023 LLRS member directory,Google search results were matched to the listings and appended to the compiled data.Sex and ethnicity were evaluated visually utilizing retrieved images.The Hirsch index(H-index)of academic activity,residency and fellowship training,other graduate degrees,leadership positions,practice type(academic or non-academic),and spoken languages were categorized.LLRS members per state and capita determined geographic distribution.The Mann Whitney U test was applied to compare H-index between males and females,as well as to assess member differences pertaining to affiliation with academic vs non-academic practice facilities.RESULTS The study included 101 orthopedic surgeons,78(77.23%)Caucasian and 23(22.77%)non-Caucasian,79(78.22%)male and 22(21.78%)female.Surgeons with DO degrees comprised only 3.96%(4)of the cohort,while the vast majority held MDs[96.04%(97)].Mean H-index was 10.55,with male surgeons having a significantly higher score(P=0.002).Most orthopedic surgeons(88.12%,)practiced in academic centers.Of those professionals who occupied leadership positions,14%were women,while 86%were men.Additionally,19(37.25%)United States regions and the District of Columbia lacked an LLRS-member orthopedic surgeon.Total per capita rate across the United States was 0.30 LLRS orthopedic surgeons per 1 million people.CONCLUSION Over 21%of LLRS members are women,surpassing prior benchmarks noted in orthopedic faculty reporting.LLRS members’high research productivity scores imply field dedication that can refine expertise in the limb lengthening and reconstruction space.Gender disparities in leadership remain,however,necessitating greater equity efforts.A low rate of LLRS representation per capita must be addressed geographically as well,to affect improvements in regional care access.This study can serve to support aspiring orthopedic professionals,inform diversity,leadership,and field advancement strategies,and maintain the continued goal of enhanced patient care worldwide.
基金Nanjing University of Finance&Economics,2023 University-Level Teaching Reform Project“Cross-cultural Research and Practice of International Talent Training Model”(JGX2023015)2023 Jiangsu Province Social Science Applied Research Excellent Project“A Study on the Integration Path of Language Teaching and Educational Technology in E-Era College English”(23SWC-28).
文摘This paper explores the intricate relationship between Chinese culture and the nation’s rise,emphasizing the indispensable role of cultural education in fostering a robust national spirit and civilization.Drawing from classical Chinese texts and contemporary philosophical insights,the study examines how cultural virtues and educational practices can lead to societal harmony,national rejuvenation,and global contributions.The analysis highlights the enduring relevance of Confucian principles and their potential to address modern challenges,advocating for a renewed focus on cultural education to achieve a prosperous and peaceful world.Additionally,it underscores the necessity of integrating traditional values with modern educational practices to create a holistic approach that fosters ethical leadership and global cooperation.
基金supported by the Ministry of Earth Sciences grant on“A 100ka glaciations-deglaciation history of Ladakh:its comparison with Sutlej valley”signatures in the alluvial plains of NW India(MoES/PAMC/H&C/51/2013-PC-Ⅱ) to NCP.
文摘Buried course of the desiccated river Saraswati/Ghagghar-Hakara from Himalayan front to Arabian Sea through the plains of NW India has been in discussion and scientific investigations since~140 years due to its importance in societal evolution and drainage disorganization.
