In this study, we investigate the optimal location of access points （APs） to connect end nodes with a service provider through power-line communication in smartgrid communication networks. APs are the gateways of po...In this study, we investigate the optimal location of access points （APs） to connect end nodes with a service provider through power-line communication in smartgrid communication networks. APs are the gateways of power-distribution communication networks, connecting users to control centers. Hence, they are vital for the reliable, safe, and economical operation of a power system. This paper proposes a planning method for AP allocation that takes into consideration economics, reliability, network delay, and （n-l） resilience. First, an optimization model for the AP location is established, which minimizes the cost of installing APs, while satisfying the reliability, network delay, and （n-1） resilience constraints. Then, an improved genetic algorithm is proposed to solve the optimization problem. The simulation results indicate that the proposed planning method can deal with diverse network conditions satisfactorily. Furthermore, it can be applied effectively with high flexibility and scalability.展开更多
The availability of non-renewable energy sources such as crude oil, natural gas, coal etc., is fast diminishing. So the renewable energy sources such as solar, hydropower, geothermal, wind, tidal energy, are gaining m...The availability of non-renewable energy sources such as crude oil, natural gas, coal etc., is fast diminishing. So the renewable energy sources such as solar, hydropower, geothermal, wind, tidal energy, are gaining more and more importance. Many new developments to convert these renewable energy sources into usable forms are taking place. Most renewable energy sources are used to produce electricity. In this paper, a performance and efficiency simulation study of a smart-grid connected photovoltaic system using Chroma DC programmable power supply, AC programmable source and an Aurora Inverter is proposed. The simulation is performed in MATLAB environment where the Current-Voltage (I-V) and Power-Voltage (P-V) curves from the solar array simulator are generated and plotted. The proposed topology has been verified with satisfactory results. In addition, temperature and irradiance effects on I-V and P-V characteristic curves are verified. Also, the efficiency curves of the photovoltaic grid interface inverter are generated in the study. The MATLAB code developed in this paper is a valuable tool for design engineers comparing different inverters, calculating the optimum efficiency of a given inverter type.展开更多
In recent times, renewable energy production from renewable energy sources is an alternative way to fulfill the increased energy demands. However, the increasing energy demand rate places more pressure, leading to the...In recent times, renewable energy production from renewable energy sources is an alternative way to fulfill the increased energy demands. However, the increasing energy demand rate places more pressure, leading to the termination of conventional energy resources. However, the cost of power generation from coal-fired plants is higher than the power generation’s price from renewable energy sources. This experiment is focused on cost optimization during power generation through pumped storage power plant and wind power plant. The entire modeling of cost optimization has been conducted in two parts. The mathematical modeling was done using MATLAB simulation while the hydro and wind power plant’s emulation was performed using SCADA (Supervisory control and data acquisition) designer implementation. The experiment was conducted using ranges of generated power from both power sources. The optimum combination of output power and cost from both generators is determined via MATLAB simulation within the assumed generated output power range. Secondly, the hydro-generator and wind generator’s emulation were executed individually through synchronizing the grid to determine each generator’s specification using SCADA designer, which provided the optimum power generation from both generators with the specific speed, aligning with results generated through MATLAB. Finally, the operational power cost (with no losses consideration) from MATLAB was compared with the local energy provider to determine the cost-efficiency. This experiment has provided the operational cost optimization of the hydro-wind combined power system with stable wind power generation using SCADA, which will ultimately assist in operations of large-scale power systems, remotely minimizing multi-area dynamic issues while maximizing the system efficiency.展开更多
The amount of non-technical losses in Brazil is quite elevated, accounting for nearly 5.5% of the country＇s total generated power. Such losses are asymmetrically distributed within the various regions of the country....The amount of non-technical losses in Brazil is quite elevated, accounting for nearly 5.5% of the country＇s total generated power. Such losses are asymmetrically distributed within the various regions of the country. Meter tampering （fraud）, meter bypassing by regular consumers （theft） and irregular hookups to the network by unlawful consumers are the most predominant forms of irregularities. Part of it which is caused by non-technical losses is being passed on to the consumers through the tariffs they pay. This paper presents an overview of the current situation related to non-technical losses in Brazil involving： quantification, regional asymmetry, nature and stratification, tariff management, and strategies employed to its reduction. Advanced measurement techniques provided by smart-grids can significantly reduce them. It is suggested a potential reduction of 60%. An innovative way of using these indicators in order to identify irregularities is briefly presented in this work.展开更多
In the last decade, increasing applications of information technology (IT) within power industry has become a significant reality. As distributed power networks are gaining importance and renewables are getting a bigg...In the last decade, increasing applications of information technology (IT) within power industry has become a significant reality. As distributed power networks are gaining importance and renewables are getting a bigger ratio within energy production, Smart Grid applications have become essential, especially due to the intermittent nature of renewable energy resources. Smart Grid is a sustainable energy system that measures, checks, and controls the generation, transmission, and consumption of electrical energy in grids on all voltage levels. Smart Grid experts are driving forward the development of effective communication and information technologies for the build-up of intelligent power supply networks. Examples of these are control systems for the realization of virtual power plants, intelligent consumer data acquisition systems, and smart distribution management systems. Fuel cell-based hydrogen electricity, in comparison to other renewable energy sources, is more stable and predictable. Yet hydrogen power and smart-grids have many application points, mainly as means of energy storage. This study claims that hydrogen energy and smart-grids could also engage through an appliance of IT managed metering of hydrogen power production. Smart metering and management of hydrogen fuel cells would enable advanced planning of short-to-mid-term power productions and thus foster use of hydrogen power within distributed networks, as local community or industrial applications.展开更多
智能电网中边缘计算迁移技术的应用一定程度上满足了电力业务的实时性要求,然而,随着电网规模的扩大,电力终端设备接入密度越发增高,分布情况越发复杂,传统的静态边缘计算节点难以完全覆盖分散的电力终端设备,进而导致计算迁移性能和效...智能电网中边缘计算迁移技术的应用一定程度上满足了电力业务的实时性要求,然而,随着电网规模的扩大,电力终端设备接入密度越发增高,分布情况越发复杂,传统的静态边缘计算节点难以完全覆盖分散的电力终端设备,进而导致计算迁移性能和效率过低。提出了一种基于双重延迟深度确定性策略梯度的多无人机辅助计算迁移算法(Collaborative Cloud‑Edge Computing Offload‑ing Based on TD3,CeCO‑TD3),该算法构建了一个联合无人机飞行角度、距离、迁移服务选择和任务迁移比的多目标优化函数,以最小化系统的计算时延与能耗,利用深度强化学习算法对问题求解。并且引入云边协作框架和带有优先级的云端策略经验池,进一步保障了多无人机的计算迁移服务质量。实验结果表明,所提算法在缩减任务传输时延和降低计算能耗方面优于传统优化算法。展开更多
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2012AA050801)
文摘In this study, we investigate the optimal location of access points （APs） to connect end nodes with a service provider through power-line communication in smartgrid communication networks. APs are the gateways of power-distribution communication networks, connecting users to control centers. Hence, they are vital for the reliable, safe, and economical operation of a power system. This paper proposes a planning method for AP allocation that takes into consideration economics, reliability, network delay, and （n-l） resilience. First, an optimization model for the AP location is established, which minimizes the cost of installing APs, while satisfying the reliability, network delay, and （n-1） resilience constraints. Then, an improved genetic algorithm is proposed to solve the optimization problem. The simulation results indicate that the proposed planning method can deal with diverse network conditions satisfactorily. Furthermore, it can be applied effectively with high flexibility and scalability.
文摘The availability of non-renewable energy sources such as crude oil, natural gas, coal etc., is fast diminishing. So the renewable energy sources such as solar, hydropower, geothermal, wind, tidal energy, are gaining more and more importance. Many new developments to convert these renewable energy sources into usable forms are taking place. Most renewable energy sources are used to produce electricity. In this paper, a performance and efficiency simulation study of a smart-grid connected photovoltaic system using Chroma DC programmable power supply, AC programmable source and an Aurora Inverter is proposed. The simulation is performed in MATLAB environment where the Current-Voltage (I-V) and Power-Voltage (P-V) curves from the solar array simulator are generated and plotted. The proposed topology has been verified with satisfactory results. In addition, temperature and irradiance effects on I-V and P-V characteristic curves are verified. Also, the efficiency curves of the photovoltaic grid interface inverter are generated in the study. The MATLAB code developed in this paper is a valuable tool for design engineers comparing different inverters, calculating the optimum efficiency of a given inverter type.
文摘In recent times, renewable energy production from renewable energy sources is an alternative way to fulfill the increased energy demands. However, the increasing energy demand rate places more pressure, leading to the termination of conventional energy resources. However, the cost of power generation from coal-fired plants is higher than the power generation’s price from renewable energy sources. This experiment is focused on cost optimization during power generation through pumped storage power plant and wind power plant. The entire modeling of cost optimization has been conducted in two parts. The mathematical modeling was done using MATLAB simulation while the hydro and wind power plant’s emulation was performed using SCADA (Supervisory control and data acquisition) designer implementation. The experiment was conducted using ranges of generated power from both power sources. The optimum combination of output power and cost from both generators is determined via MATLAB simulation within the assumed generated output power range. Secondly, the hydro-generator and wind generator’s emulation were executed individually through synchronizing the grid to determine each generator’s specification using SCADA designer, which provided the optimum power generation from both generators with the specific speed, aligning with results generated through MATLAB. Finally, the operational power cost (with no losses consideration) from MATLAB was compared with the local energy provider to determine the cost-efficiency. This experiment has provided the operational cost optimization of the hydro-wind combined power system with stable wind power generation using SCADA, which will ultimately assist in operations of large-scale power systems, remotely minimizing multi-area dynamic issues while maximizing the system efficiency.
文摘The amount of non-technical losses in Brazil is quite elevated, accounting for nearly 5.5% of the country＇s total generated power. Such losses are asymmetrically distributed within the various regions of the country. Meter tampering （fraud）, meter bypassing by regular consumers （theft） and irregular hookups to the network by unlawful consumers are the most predominant forms of irregularities. Part of it which is caused by non-technical losses is being passed on to the consumers through the tariffs they pay. This paper presents an overview of the current situation related to non-technical losses in Brazil involving： quantification, regional asymmetry, nature and stratification, tariff management, and strategies employed to its reduction. Advanced measurement techniques provided by smart-grids can significantly reduce them. It is suggested a potential reduction of 60%. An innovative way of using these indicators in order to identify irregularities is briefly presented in this work.
文摘In the last decade, increasing applications of information technology (IT) within power industry has become a significant reality. As distributed power networks are gaining importance and renewables are getting a bigger ratio within energy production, Smart Grid applications have become essential, especially due to the intermittent nature of renewable energy resources. Smart Grid is a sustainable energy system that measures, checks, and controls the generation, transmission, and consumption of electrical energy in grids on all voltage levels. Smart Grid experts are driving forward the development of effective communication and information technologies for the build-up of intelligent power supply networks. Examples of these are control systems for the realization of virtual power plants, intelligent consumer data acquisition systems, and smart distribution management systems. Fuel cell-based hydrogen electricity, in comparison to other renewable energy sources, is more stable and predictable. Yet hydrogen power and smart-grids have many application points, mainly as means of energy storage. This study claims that hydrogen energy and smart-grids could also engage through an appliance of IT managed metering of hydrogen power production. Smart metering and management of hydrogen fuel cells would enable advanced planning of short-to-mid-term power productions and thus foster use of hydrogen power within distributed networks, as local community or industrial applications.
文摘智能电网中边缘计算迁移技术的应用一定程度上满足了电力业务的实时性要求,然而,随着电网规模的扩大,电力终端设备接入密度越发增高,分布情况越发复杂,传统的静态边缘计算节点难以完全覆盖分散的电力终端设备,进而导致计算迁移性能和效率过低。提出了一种基于双重延迟深度确定性策略梯度的多无人机辅助计算迁移算法(Collaborative Cloud‑Edge Computing Offload‑ing Based on TD3,CeCO‑TD3),该算法构建了一个联合无人机飞行角度、距离、迁移服务选择和任务迁移比的多目标优化函数,以最小化系统的计算时延与能耗,利用深度强化学习算法对问题求解。并且引入云边协作框架和带有优先级的云端策略经验池,进一步保障了多无人机的计算迁移服务质量。实验结果表明,所提算法在缩减任务传输时延和降低计算能耗方面优于传统优化算法。
