1.Background In the chemical industry,process plants-commonly referred to as plantwide systems-typically consist of many process units(unit operations).Driven by the considerable economic efficiency offered by complex...1.Background In the chemical industry,process plants-commonly referred to as plantwide systems-typically consist of many process units(unit operations).Driven by the considerable economic efficiency offered by complex and interactive process designs,modern plantwide systems are becoming increasingly sophisticated.The operation of these processes is typically characterized by the complexity of individual units(subsystems)and the intricate interactions between geographically distributed units through networks of material and energy flows,as well as control loops[1].展开更多
The challenges posed by smart manufacturing for the process industries and for process systems engineering（PSE） researchers are discussed in this article. Much progress has been made in achieving plant- and site-wid...The challenges posed by smart manufacturing for the process industries and for process systems engineering（PSE） researchers are discussed in this article. Much progress has been made in achieving plant- and site-wide optimization, hut benchmarking would give greater confidence. Technical challenges confrontingprocess systems engineers in developing enabling tools and techniques are discussed regarding flexibilityand uncertainty, responsiveness and agility, robustness and security, the prediction of mixture propertiesand function, and new modeling and mathematics paradigms. Exploiting intelligence from big data to driveagility will require tackling new challenges, such as how to ensure the consistency and confidentiality ofdata through long and complex supply chains. Modeling challenges also exist, and involve ensuring that allkey aspects are properly modeled, particularly where health, safety, and environmental concerns requireaccurate predictions of small but critical amounts at specific locations. Environmental concerns will requireus to keep a closer track on all molecular species so that they are optimally used to create sustainablesolutions. Disruptive business models may result, particularly from new personalized products, but that isdifficult to predict.展开更多
A thermodynamic model of hydrogen induced silicon surface layer splitting with the help of an oxidized silicon wafer bonded is proposed.Wafer splitting is the result of lateral growth of hydrogen blisters in the enti...A thermodynamic model of hydrogen induced silicon surface layer splitting with the help of an oxidized silicon wafer bonded is proposed.Wafer splitting is the result of lateral growth of hydrogen blisters in the entire implanted hydrogen region during annealing.The blister growth rate depends on the effective activation energies of both hydrogen complex dissociation and hydrogen diffusion.The hydrogen blister radius was studied as the function of annealing time,annealing temperature and implantation dose.The critical radius was obtained according to the Griffith energy condition.The time required for wafer splitting at the cut temperature was calculated in accordance with the growth of hydrogen blisters.展开更多
目的探讨基于绩效考核管理原则(specific,measurable,attainable,relevant,time-bound,SMART)构建重症监护室(intensive care unit,ICU)专科护士延续认证指标体系。方法本研究采用目的抽样法,检索中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库(Chin...目的探讨基于绩效考核管理原则(specific,measurable,attainable,relevant,time-bound,SMART)构建重症监护室(intensive care unit,ICU)专科护士延续认证指标体系。方法本研究采用目的抽样法,检索中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库(China biology medicine database,CBM)、万方、维普、Cochrane图书馆、PubMed、Ovid平台上的MEDLINE和EMBASE等数据库,遵循SMART原则,利用德尔菲法与层次分析法,选取2023年3月—2024年3月天门市第一人民医院15名ICU专科护士进行专家函询,进一步确定ICU专科护士延续认证指标体系,计算不同指标的权重。结果专家函询权威系数为0.869。第1轮专家函询结果显示,不同指标Kendall协调系数为0.253~0.399,变异系数为0.062~0.091;第2轮专家函询结果显示,不同指标Kendall协调系数为0.247~0.385,变异系数为0.014~0.076;2轮专家函询后专家意见基本达成一致(P<0.05)。其中,第1轮函询结束后共提出17条改进意见;第2轮函询结束后有4条改进意见,进一步规范不同指标的描述,形成一级指标5个、二级指标15个、三级指标54个。结论基于SMART原则成功构建的ICU专科护士延续认证指标体系,具有规范化和系统化优点,有助于ICU专科护士培训建设,保证培训质量,提高医疗队伍素质。展开更多
An approach by using neural network signal processing in associate with embedded fiberoptic sensing array for the newly developed “smart material systems and structures” is discussed in this paper.The principle,stru...An approach by using neural network signal processing in associate with embedded fiberoptic sensing array for the newly developed “smart material systems and structures” is discussed in this paper.The principle,structure of this approach and suitable neural network algorithms are described.The results of simulation experiments are also given.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(62103283)the Australia Research Council’s Discovery Pro-jects Scheme(DP220100355).
文摘1.Background In the chemical industry,process plants-commonly referred to as plantwide systems-typically consist of many process units(unit operations).Driven by the considerable economic efficiency offered by complex and interactive process designs,modern plantwide systems are becoming increasingly sophisticated.The operation of these processes is typically characterized by the complexity of individual units(subsystems)and the intricate interactions between geographically distributed units through networks of material and energy flows,as well as control loops[1].
文摘The challenges posed by smart manufacturing for the process industries and for process systems engineering（PSE） researchers are discussed in this article. Much progress has been made in achieving plant- and site-wide optimization, hut benchmarking would give greater confidence. Technical challenges confrontingprocess systems engineers in developing enabling tools and techniques are discussed regarding flexibilityand uncertainty, responsiveness and agility, robustness and security, the prediction of mixture propertiesand function, and new modeling and mathematics paradigms. Exploiting intelligence from big data to driveagility will require tackling new challenges, such as how to ensure the consistency and confidentiality ofdata through long and complex supply chains. Modeling challenges also exist, and involve ensuring that allkey aspects are properly modeled, particularly where health, safety, and environmental concerns requireaccurate predictions of small but critical amounts at specific locations. Environmental concerns will requireus to keep a closer track on all molecular species so that they are optimally used to create sustainablesolutions. Disruptive business models may result, particularly from new personalized products, but that isdifficult to predict.
文摘A thermodynamic model of hydrogen induced silicon surface layer splitting with the help of an oxidized silicon wafer bonded is proposed.Wafer splitting is the result of lateral growth of hydrogen blisters in the entire implanted hydrogen region during annealing.The blister growth rate depends on the effective activation energies of both hydrogen complex dissociation and hydrogen diffusion.The hydrogen blister radius was studied as the function of annealing time,annealing temperature and implantation dose.The critical radius was obtained according to the Griffith energy condition.The time required for wafer splitting at the cut temperature was calculated in accordance with the growth of hydrogen blisters.
文摘目的探讨基于绩效考核管理原则(specific,measurable,attainable,relevant,time-bound,SMART)构建重症监护室(intensive care unit,ICU)专科护士延续认证指标体系。方法本研究采用目的抽样法,检索中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库(China biology medicine database,CBM)、万方、维普、Cochrane图书馆、PubMed、Ovid平台上的MEDLINE和EMBASE等数据库,遵循SMART原则,利用德尔菲法与层次分析法,选取2023年3月—2024年3月天门市第一人民医院15名ICU专科护士进行专家函询,进一步确定ICU专科护士延续认证指标体系,计算不同指标的权重。结果专家函询权威系数为0.869。第1轮专家函询结果显示,不同指标Kendall协调系数为0.253~0.399,变异系数为0.062~0.091;第2轮专家函询结果显示,不同指标Kendall协调系数为0.247~0.385,变异系数为0.014~0.076;2轮专家函询后专家意见基本达成一致(P<0.05)。其中,第1轮函询结束后共提出17条改进意见;第2轮函询结束后有4条改进意见,进一步规范不同指标的描述,形成一级指标5个、二级指标15个、三级指标54个。结论基于SMART原则成功构建的ICU专科护士延续认证指标体系,具有规范化和系统化优点,有助于ICU专科护士培训建设,保证培训质量,提高医疗队伍素质。
文摘An approach by using neural network signal processing in associate with embedded fiberoptic sensing array for the newly developed “smart material systems and structures” is discussed in this paper.The principle,structure of this approach and suitable neural network algorithms are described.The results of simulation experiments are also given.
