[Objective]The paper was to study optimum chemical agents and control periods against rice false smut( Ustilaginoidea virens) in single cropping middle-late rice. [Method]Taking chemical agents( triadimefon,armure,Jin...[Objective]The paper was to study optimum chemical agents and control periods against rice false smut( Ustilaginoidea virens) in single cropping middle-late rice. [Method]Taking chemical agents( triadimefon,armure,Jinggangmycin) as main treatments and spraying periods( within 7 d before initial heading stage,within 7 d before initial heading stage + initial heading stage,initial heading stage) as assisted treatments,the field efficacy trial and optimum control period of U. virens in single cropping middle-late rice were studied using Huanghuazhan and Jinnongsimiao as experimental materials in 2013. [Result] Three chemical agents,triadimefon,armure,Jinggangmycin,extremely reduced diseased panicle rate and disease index of U. virens,but there was no significant difference among three chemical agents. Spraying period did not have significant impact on diseased panicle rate and disease index of U. virens,whereas spraying within7 d before initial heading stage and during initial heading stage had relatively good control effect. Yield increased significantly after application of three chemical agents,and armure led to greater increase. The reason for yield increase was that seed setting rate was significantly increased,and the number of filled grains per panicle was significantly increased. Although spraying period influenced yield,the difference was not significant. [Conclusion] Triadimefon,armure and Jinggangmycin had good control effects against U. virens in single cropping middle-late rice,of which armure had better control effects. Spraying chemical agents increased seed setting rate,and further increased the number of filled grains per panicle and yield. Spraying within 7 d before initial heading stage and during initial heading stage had relatively better control effect against U. virens.展开更多
[Objective]The paper was to normalize the application of fenaminosulf in single cropping Zizania latifolia. [Method]Effects of spraying periods,different concentrations and spraying times of fenaminosulf on yield and ...[Objective]The paper was to normalize the application of fenaminosulf in single cropping Zizania latifolia. [Method]Effects of spraying periods,different concentrations and spraying times of fenaminosulf on yield and output value of single cropping Z. latifolia were studied.[Result]In some regions where single cropping Z. latifolia could be harvested twice per year,fenaminosulf significantly promoted formation of swollen gall,and advanced the harvest period for about 50 d. Application of 0.5 g/L（ a.i.） fenaminosulf at 150,160 and 175 d post transplanting promoted swollen gall formation and enhanced the yield of Z. latifolia.In normal single cropping Z. latifolia growing regions,once application of fenaminosulf obviously advanced harvest period and improved yield and benefit of Z. latifolia,but with the increasing frequency of use,yield and benefit of Z. latifolia decreased significantly.[Conclusion]It is recommended that 1.0 g/L（a.i.） fenaminosulf can be applied for just once at 40-60 d post transplanting of Z. latifolia.展开更多
In order to clarify occurrence regularity of major damage generations of Nilaparvata lugens( Stl) in Sandu Shui Autonomous County( Sandu County for short),Guizhou Province,a karst single cropping medium rice region,th...In order to clarify occurrence regularity of major damage generations of Nilaparvata lugens( Stl) in Sandu Shui Autonomous County( Sandu County for short),Guizhou Province,a karst single cropping medium rice region,the population dynamics of N. lugens were systematically studied using the methods of light trap and systematic field survey from 2009 to 2011. The results showed that the number of immigration generations caught by light trap and the actual population of N. lugens in fields were different among three years. The daily maximum trapping numbers of N. lugens amounted to 6 688 in 2009,which were 15. 3 and 2. 5 times of that in 2010 and 2011,respectively. The peak numbers in prediction nursery were 10 777,4 630 and 1 615 heads per hundred hills in 2009,2010 and 2011,respectively. The forth and fifth generations of N. lugens were the major damage generations in single cropping medium rice fields,and the initial immigration day was significantly related with primary-peak day. The occurrence degree of adults and nymphs of N. lugens varied with years and transplanting periods,and the peak days of N. lugens nymphs were from late July to early August in 2010 and 2011. The occurrence peaks of adults and nymphs in late transplanting paddy field were later than that in the early one. Meanwhile,the coexisted various growth periods of rice,due to time differences of transplanting,were conducive to inhabitation and reproduction of N. lugens. The population dynamics of spiders and Cyrtohinus lividipennis well synchronied with that of N. lugens,but predatory capacity of spiders and C. lividipennis was not enough to control N. lugens.展开更多
[Objective]The paper was to study the relationship between rice leaf roller,rice planthopper and spider and their ecological regulation ability in the field.[Method]The population dynamics of rice leaf roller,rice pla...[Objective]The paper was to study the relationship between rice leaf roller,rice planthopper and spider and their ecological regulation ability in the field.[Method]The population dynamics of rice leaf roller,rice planthopper and spider at three different sowing and transplanting periods of single cropping hybrid rice in the treatment area with combination of 3 drug formulations and untreated area were monitored.[Result]There were significant or extremely significant positive correlations among rice leaf roller,rice planthopper and spider in single cropping hybrid rice.However,with the delay of planting and transplanting period,the population fluctuation crest of rice leaf roller and rice planthopper decreased,but the intensity increased with the advance of time,and the natural ecological regulation ability was relatively improved.[Conclusion]The sowing period of single cropping hybrid rice is delayed 5-10 d compared with conventional rice,that is,sowing in late May and early June.The seedling age of 20-30 d is beneficial not only to reduce the initial population quantity of rice leaf roller and rice planthopper in the field,but also to increase the population quantity of spiders.展开更多
Chemical weeding in dry direct seeding fields of single cropping middle-late rice was studied in Huida vegetable farm of Huizhou City in 2012. The main treatment was herbicide（ pretilachlor ＋ bensulfuron-methyl,Yang...Chemical weeding in dry direct seeding fields of single cropping middle-late rice was studied in Huida vegetable farm of Huizhou City in 2012. The main treatment was herbicide（ pretilachlor ＋ bensulfuron-methyl,Yangguo and butachlor）,and the sub-treatment was application method（ soil treatments,seedling treatment and integrated treatment）. The results showed that 80 g pretilachlor ＋ bensulfuron-methyl（ 36% pretilachlor ＋ 4% bensulfuron-methyl） diluted with 50 kg water could be sprayed or 200 g Yangguo（ 23. 9% butachlor ＋ 1. 1% bensulfuron-methyl） mixed with 15 kg sandy soil could be broadcasted per 667 m2 on the sowing day or the second day under moist condition of soil,which could effectively control weeds in dry direct seeding fields of single cropping middle-late rice.展开更多
[Objective] The research aimed to understand the high-yielding technique in intersubspecific hybrid rice Yongyou No.12. [Method] The correlation analysis, regression analysis and path analysis of intersubspecific hybr...[Objective] The research aimed to understand the high-yielding technique in intersubspecific hybrid rice Yongyou No.12. [Method] The correlation analysis, regression analysis and path analysis of intersubspecific hybrid rice Yongyou No. 12 were conducted based on the data of its ear, grain and weight with yield higher than 10 500 kg/hm^2. [Result] The enhancement of effective ears would restrain the number of per ear total grains. It was found that the direct contributions of main economic traits to yield were determined to be effective ear〉total grains per ear〉 seed setting rate〉l 000-grain weight. [Conclusion] The high-yielding cultivation techniques were suggested as follows： besides necessary ear number, grain number per ear should be focused with a consideration to 1 000-grain weight.展开更多
[Objective] The research aimed to understand the high and efficiency technique in intersubspecific hybrid rice Yongyou No.9.[Method] We conducted the correlation analysis,regression analysis and path analysis of inter...[Objective] The research aimed to understand the high and efficiency technique in intersubspecific hybrid rice Yongyou No.9.[Method] We conducted the correlation analysis,regression analysis and path analysis of intersubspecific hybrid rice Yongyou No.9 based on the data of its ear,grain and weight at different yield levels.[Result]The performance of ear,grain and weight in Yongyou No.9 showed significant difference among different yield levels.The enhancement of effective ears would restrain the number of per ear total grains.It was found that the direct contributions of main economic traits to yield were determined to be per ear total grainseffective earseed setting rate1 000-grain weight.[Conclusion]The high-yield and effective cultivation techniques were suggested as follows：on the basis of certain effective ear number,grain number per ear should be mainly focused with a consideration to 1 000-grain weight.展开更多
[Objective] The paper was focused on the way how to increase the yield of hybrid rice Zhongzheyou No.8. [Method] The relationship among yield-related traits and their contribution to yield were investigated through co...[Objective] The paper was focused on the way how to increase the yield of hybrid rice Zhongzheyou No.8. [Method] The relationship among yield-related traits and their contribution to yield were investigated through correlation analysis, regression analysis and path analysis. [Result] The performance of ear, grain and weight in Zhongzheyou No.8 showed significant difference among yield levels. The enhancement of effective ears would restrain the number of total grains per ear. It was found that the direct contributions of main economic traits to yield were： number of fil ed grains per ear 〉 number of effective ears 〉1 000-grain weight 〉number of total grains per ear. [Conclusion] The promotion of high-yielding techniques was suggested as fol ows： on the basis of certain number of effective ears, number of fil ed grains per ear should be mainly focused with a consideration to grain weight.展开更多
The rice ratooning system has attracted increasing attention in southern China due to its low carbon emissions and high yield potential.However,the net carbon budget and underlying mechanisms remain unclear.Three rice...The rice ratooning system has attracted increasing attention in southern China due to its low carbon emissions and high yield potential.However,the net carbon budget and underlying mechanisms remain unclear.Three rice cropping systems were established in this trial experiment conducted from 2021 to 2022 in Fuzhou(25°05'N,119°13'E),Southeast China:ratooning rice(RR:MC+RSR)pattern for rice ratooning,single-cropping rice(LR_(1)),and double-cropping rice(DC:ER+LR_(2)).The closed static dark box gas collection,dry matter determination,life cycle assessment(LCA)etc.approaches were utilized to investigate the mechanism of“high carbon fixation–low emissions”mechanism in RR.A comprehensive assessment was conducted across multiple dimensions,including crop yield,greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,carbon and nitrogen footprints,resource use efficiency,carbon sequestration capacity,and carbon budget balance.Results showed that the average daily yield of ratoon season rice(RSR)across RR treatments from 2021 to 2022 was 28.21–47.40%higher than that of the main crop(MC)and LR_(1),and the average daily yield of RR was 13.50–27.76%higher than DC.This yield advantage was attributed to a 32.32–39.26%increase in the allocation of^(13)C-labeled photosynthetic products(including non-structural carbohydrates,NSCs)to panicle organs,and a 21.77–43.51%reduction in allocation to underground roots and soil.Furthermore,the average daily global warming potential(GWP)was 16.44 kg CO_(2)-eq ha^(–1)for RR,24.99 kg CO_(2)-eq ha^(–1)for LR_(1),and 21.32 kg CO_(2)-eq ha^(–1)for DC.Specifically,the average daily GWP of ratoon rice was 34.21%lower than that of LR_(1) and 22.90%lower than double-cropping rice.Similarly,the average daily greenhouse gas intensity(GHGI)of ratoon rice was 62.28%lower than LR_(1) and 28.96%lower than double-cropping rice.In terms of carbon and nitrogen footprints,the ratoon rice system exhibited average daily values of 34.54 kg CO_(2)-eq ha^(–1)and 0.47 kg N ha^(–1),respectively.In comparison,LR_(1) had values of 45.63 kg CO_(2)-eq ha^(–1)and 0.49 kg N ha^(–1),while double-cropping rice showed 43.38 kg CO_(2)-eq ha^(–1)and 0.53 kg N ha^(–1).These values represent reductions of 24.30%in carbon footprint and4.28%in nitrogen footprint relative to LR_(1),and 20.38 and 11.45%relative to double-cropping rice,respectively.Moreover,the average annual carbon budget surplus across systems was 22,380.01 kg CO_(2)-eq ha^(–1)for ratoon rice(MC+RSR),11,228.54 kg CO_(2)-eq ha^(–1)for LR_(1),and 23,772.15 kg CO_(2)-eq ha^(–1)for DC.Consequently,the resource utilization efficiency of the RR was 24.42 and 47.50%higher than that of single-cropping and double-cropping systems,respectively.Average daily economic returns also increased by 32.71 and 80.75%,respectively.These findings provide a robust theoretical foundation and practical guidance for advancing agricultural carbon neutrality technologies and ensuring food security.展开更多
In a case study in Tao River Basin, China, we derived a high spatial-resolution regional distribution of evapotranspiration(ET) using the single crop coefficient method and Budyko equation. We then further analyzed th...In a case study in Tao River Basin, China, we derived a high spatial-resolution regional distribution of evapotranspiration(ET) using the single crop coefficient method and Budyko equation. We then further analyzed the spatio-temporal characteristics of this diverse eco-hydrological basin from 2001–2010. The results suggest that the single crop coefficient method based on leaf area index captures better spatial and temporal dynamics of the regional ET than did the Budyko Equation method. The rising temperature was the main reason for the increasing ET in the Tao River Basin during 2001–2010. Areas with high ET efficiency were distributed mainly in the areas where the vegetation coverage was high, and a lower runoff coefficient responded. The estimated spatial patterns of ET allowed an improved understanding of the eco-hydrological processes within the Tao River Basin and the method used might be generalized as a reference for future regional-scale eco-hydrological research.展开更多
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Support Program(2007BAD89B14)Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(00803028)+3 种基金Major Technical Research Project of Ministry of Agriculture for Agricultural Structure Adjustment(06-03-07B)Project of Guangdong Provincial Finance Department(YCY[2005]No.11,YCJ[2006]No.187)Agricultural Research Project of Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Department(2005B20101001)Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201103001)
文摘[Objective]The paper was to study optimum chemical agents and control periods against rice false smut( Ustilaginoidea virens) in single cropping middle-late rice. [Method]Taking chemical agents( triadimefon,armure,Jinggangmycin) as main treatments and spraying periods( within 7 d before initial heading stage,within 7 d before initial heading stage + initial heading stage,initial heading stage) as assisted treatments,the field efficacy trial and optimum control period of U. virens in single cropping middle-late rice were studied using Huanghuazhan and Jinnongsimiao as experimental materials in 2013. [Result] Three chemical agents,triadimefon,armure,Jinggangmycin,extremely reduced diseased panicle rate and disease index of U. virens,but there was no significant difference among three chemical agents. Spraying period did not have significant impact on diseased panicle rate and disease index of U. virens,whereas spraying within7 d before initial heading stage and during initial heading stage had relatively good control effect. Yield increased significantly after application of three chemical agents,and armure led to greater increase. The reason for yield increase was that seed setting rate was significantly increased,and the number of filled grains per panicle was significantly increased. Although spraying period influenced yield,the difference was not significant. [Conclusion] Triadimefon,armure and Jinggangmycin had good control effects against U. virens in single cropping middle-late rice,of which armure had better control effects. Spraying chemical agents increased seed setting rate,and further increased the number of filled grains per panicle and yield. Spraying within 7 d before initial heading stage and during initial heading stage had relatively better control effect against U. virens.
基金Supported by Cooperation Project of Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the People's Government of Jinyun County(JY20140002)
文摘[Objective]The paper was to normalize the application of fenaminosulf in single cropping Zizania latifolia. [Method]Effects of spraying periods,different concentrations and spraying times of fenaminosulf on yield and output value of single cropping Z. latifolia were studied.[Result]In some regions where single cropping Z. latifolia could be harvested twice per year,fenaminosulf significantly promoted formation of swollen gall,and advanced the harvest period for about 50 d. Application of 0.5 g/L（ a.i.） fenaminosulf at 150,160 and 175 d post transplanting promoted swollen gall formation and enhanced the yield of Z. latifolia.In normal single cropping Z. latifolia growing regions,once application of fenaminosulf obviously advanced harvest period and improved yield and benefit of Z. latifolia,but with the increasing frequency of use,yield and benefit of Z. latifolia decreased significantly.[Conclusion]It is recommended that 1.0 g/L（a.i.） fenaminosulf can be applied for just once at 40-60 d post transplanting of Z. latifolia.
基金Supported by Scientific and Technological Project of Guizhou Province(QKHNY[2010]No.3064)Natural Science Research Project of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education(QJ 2010011)Preliminary Study Project of 973 Program(2009CB125908)
文摘In order to clarify occurrence regularity of major damage generations of Nilaparvata lugens( Stl) in Sandu Shui Autonomous County( Sandu County for short),Guizhou Province,a karst single cropping medium rice region,the population dynamics of N. lugens were systematically studied using the methods of light trap and systematic field survey from 2009 to 2011. The results showed that the number of immigration generations caught by light trap and the actual population of N. lugens in fields were different among three years. The daily maximum trapping numbers of N. lugens amounted to 6 688 in 2009,which were 15. 3 and 2. 5 times of that in 2010 and 2011,respectively. The peak numbers in prediction nursery were 10 777,4 630 and 1 615 heads per hundred hills in 2009,2010 and 2011,respectively. The forth and fifth generations of N. lugens were the major damage generations in single cropping medium rice fields,and the initial immigration day was significantly related with primary-peak day. The occurrence degree of adults and nymphs of N. lugens varied with years and transplanting periods,and the peak days of N. lugens nymphs were from late July to early August in 2010 and 2011. The occurrence peaks of adults and nymphs in late transplanting paddy field were later than that in the early one. Meanwhile,the coexisted various growth periods of rice,due to time differences of transplanting,were conducive to inhabitation and reproduction of N. lugens. The population dynamics of spiders and Cyrtohinus lividipennis well synchronied with that of N. lugens,but predatory capacity of spiders and C. lividipennis was not enough to control N. lugens.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Project of Taizhou City(14NY14)Key Research and De-velopment Program of Zhejiang Province(2016C02050-3-4)
文摘[Objective]The paper was to study the relationship between rice leaf roller,rice planthopper and spider and their ecological regulation ability in the field.[Method]The population dynamics of rice leaf roller,rice planthopper and spider at three different sowing and transplanting periods of single cropping hybrid rice in the treatment area with combination of 3 drug formulations and untreated area were monitored.[Result]There were significant or extremely significant positive correlations among rice leaf roller,rice planthopper and spider in single cropping hybrid rice.However,with the delay of planting and transplanting period,the population fluctuation crest of rice leaf roller and rice planthopper decreased,but the intensity increased with the advance of time,and the natural ecological regulation ability was relatively improved.[Conclusion]The sowing period of single cropping hybrid rice is delayed 5-10 d compared with conventional rice,that is,sowing in late May and early June.The seedling age of 20-30 d is beneficial not only to reduce the initial population quantity of rice leaf roller and rice planthopper in the field,but also to increase the population quantity of spiders.
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Support Program(2007BAD89B14)Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the PublicInterest(00803028)+3 种基金Major Technical Research Project of Ministry of Agriculture for Agricultural Structure Adjustment(06-03-07B)Project ofGuangdong Provincial Finance Department(YCY[2005]No.11,YCJ[2006]No.187)Agricultural Research Project of Guangdong ProvincialScience and Technology Department(2005B20101001)Special Fund forAgro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201103001)
文摘Chemical weeding in dry direct seeding fields of single cropping middle-late rice was studied in Huida vegetable farm of Huizhou City in 2012. The main treatment was herbicide（ pretilachlor ＋ bensulfuron-methyl,Yangguo and butachlor）,and the sub-treatment was application method（ soil treatments,seedling treatment and integrated treatment）. The results showed that 80 g pretilachlor ＋ bensulfuron-methyl（ 36% pretilachlor ＋ 4% bensulfuron-methyl） diluted with 50 kg water could be sprayed or 200 g Yangguo（ 23. 9% butachlor ＋ 1. 1% bensulfuron-methyl） mixed with 15 kg sandy soil could be broadcasted per 667 m2 on the sowing day or the second day under moist condition of soil,which could effectively control weeds in dry direct seeding fields of single cropping middle-late rice.
基金Suppored by the Science and Technology Plan of Taizhou City(121KY15)~~
文摘[Objective] The research aimed to understand the high-yielding technique in intersubspecific hybrid rice Yongyou No.12. [Method] The correlation analysis, regression analysis and path analysis of intersubspecific hybrid rice Yongyou No. 12 were conducted based on the data of its ear, grain and weight with yield higher than 10 500 kg/hm^2. [Result] The enhancement of effective ears would restrain the number of per ear total grains. It was found that the direct contributions of main economic traits to yield were determined to be effective ear〉total grains per ear〉 seed setting rate〉l 000-grain weight. [Conclusion] The high-yielding cultivation techniques were suggested as follows： besides necessary ear number, grain number per ear should be focused with a consideration to 1 000-grain weight.
基金Supported by Science Program Foundation of Taizhou(091KY01)~~
文摘[Objective] The research aimed to understand the high and efficiency technique in intersubspecific hybrid rice Yongyou No.9.[Method] We conducted the correlation analysis,regression analysis and path analysis of intersubspecific hybrid rice Yongyou No.9 based on the data of its ear,grain and weight at different yield levels.[Result]The performance of ear,grain and weight in Yongyou No.9 showed significant difference among different yield levels.The enhancement of effective ears would restrain the number of per ear total grains.It was found that the direct contributions of main economic traits to yield were determined to be per ear total grainseffective earseed setting rate1 000-grain weight.[Conclusion]The high-yield and effective cultivation techniques were suggested as follows：on the basis of certain effective ear number,grain number per ear should be mainly focused with a consideration to 1 000-grain weight.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Project of Taizhou City(121KY15)~~
文摘[Objective] The paper was focused on the way how to increase the yield of hybrid rice Zhongzheyou No.8. [Method] The relationship among yield-related traits and their contribution to yield were investigated through correlation analysis, regression analysis and path analysis. [Result] The performance of ear, grain and weight in Zhongzheyou No.8 showed significant difference among yield levels. The enhancement of effective ears would restrain the number of total grains per ear. It was found that the direct contributions of main economic traits to yield were： number of fil ed grains per ear 〉 number of effective ears 〉1 000-grain weight 〉number of total grains per ear. [Conclusion] The promotion of high-yielding techniques was suggested as fol ows： on the basis of certain number of effective ears, number of fil ed grains per ear should be mainly focused with a consideration to grain weight.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016yfd30300508,2017YFD0301602,and 2018yfd0301105)the Science&Technology Development Fund of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,China(kf2015043)。
文摘The rice ratooning system has attracted increasing attention in southern China due to its low carbon emissions and high yield potential.However,the net carbon budget and underlying mechanisms remain unclear.Three rice cropping systems were established in this trial experiment conducted from 2021 to 2022 in Fuzhou(25°05'N,119°13'E),Southeast China:ratooning rice(RR:MC+RSR)pattern for rice ratooning,single-cropping rice(LR_(1)),and double-cropping rice(DC:ER+LR_(2)).The closed static dark box gas collection,dry matter determination,life cycle assessment(LCA)etc.approaches were utilized to investigate the mechanism of“high carbon fixation–low emissions”mechanism in RR.A comprehensive assessment was conducted across multiple dimensions,including crop yield,greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,carbon and nitrogen footprints,resource use efficiency,carbon sequestration capacity,and carbon budget balance.Results showed that the average daily yield of ratoon season rice(RSR)across RR treatments from 2021 to 2022 was 28.21–47.40%higher than that of the main crop(MC)and LR_(1),and the average daily yield of RR was 13.50–27.76%higher than DC.This yield advantage was attributed to a 32.32–39.26%increase in the allocation of^(13)C-labeled photosynthetic products(including non-structural carbohydrates,NSCs)to panicle organs,and a 21.77–43.51%reduction in allocation to underground roots and soil.Furthermore,the average daily global warming potential(GWP)was 16.44 kg CO_(2)-eq ha^(–1)for RR,24.99 kg CO_(2)-eq ha^(–1)for LR_(1),and 21.32 kg CO_(2)-eq ha^(–1)for DC.Specifically,the average daily GWP of ratoon rice was 34.21%lower than that of LR_(1) and 22.90%lower than double-cropping rice.Similarly,the average daily greenhouse gas intensity(GHGI)of ratoon rice was 62.28%lower than LR_(1) and 28.96%lower than double-cropping rice.In terms of carbon and nitrogen footprints,the ratoon rice system exhibited average daily values of 34.54 kg CO_(2)-eq ha^(–1)and 0.47 kg N ha^(–1),respectively.In comparison,LR_(1) had values of 45.63 kg CO_(2)-eq ha^(–1)and 0.49 kg N ha^(–1),while double-cropping rice showed 43.38 kg CO_(2)-eq ha^(–1)and 0.53 kg N ha^(–1).These values represent reductions of 24.30%in carbon footprint and4.28%in nitrogen footprint relative to LR_(1),and 20.38 and 11.45%relative to double-cropping rice,respectively.Moreover,the average annual carbon budget surplus across systems was 22,380.01 kg CO_(2)-eq ha^(–1)for ratoon rice(MC+RSR),11,228.54 kg CO_(2)-eq ha^(–1)for LR_(1),and 23,772.15 kg CO_(2)-eq ha^(–1)for DC.Consequently,the resource utilization efficiency of the RR was 24.42 and 47.50%higher than that of single-cropping and double-cropping systems,respectively.Average daily economic returns also increased by 32.71 and 80.75%,respectively.These findings provide a robust theoretical foundation and practical guidance for advancing agricultural carbon neutrality technologies and ensuring food security.
基金supported by the Doctoral Program of China’s Higher Education Research Fund(Grant No.20110211110011)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41001014,41240002,51209119)
文摘In a case study in Tao River Basin, China, we derived a high spatial-resolution regional distribution of evapotranspiration(ET) using the single crop coefficient method and Budyko equation. We then further analyzed the spatio-temporal characteristics of this diverse eco-hydrological basin from 2001–2010. The results suggest that the single crop coefficient method based on leaf area index captures better spatial and temporal dynamics of the regional ET than did the Budyko Equation method. The rising temperature was the main reason for the increasing ET in the Tao River Basin during 2001–2010. Areas with high ET efficiency were distributed mainly in the areas where the vegetation coverage was high, and a lower runoff coefficient responded. The estimated spatial patterns of ET allowed an improved understanding of the eco-hydrological processes within the Tao River Basin and the method used might be generalized as a reference for future regional-scale eco-hydrological research.
