Exopolysaccharides(EPSs)from lactic acid bacteria(LAB)play important roles in food,pharmaceutical,and medical applications.The aims of this study were to explore the digestive characteristics of Leuconostoc mesenteroi...Exopolysaccharides(EPSs)from lactic acid bacteria(LAB)play important roles in food,pharmaceutical,and medical applications.The aims of this study were to explore the digestive characteristics of Leuconostoc mesenteroides RSG7 EPS and its effects on the gut microbiota.RSG7 EPS could not be digested using salivary,gastric,or intestinal in vitro models of digestion.However,after fecal fermentation,the molecular weight(Mw)of RSG7 EPS decreased by 50.91±3.18%,and the surface morphology changed remarkably,developing wrinkles and dense fragments.These results indicated that RSG7 EPS could be degraded and consumed by human gut microbiota.Notably,in a fecal fermentation model,RSG7 EPS promoted the increase of beneficial bacteria,including Phascolarctobacterium with an abundance of 0.127±0.011 at 24 h and 0.149±0.021 at 48 h and Faecalicoccus with an abundance of 0.037±0.003 at 24 h and 0.016±0.003 at 48 h.In particular,the concentrations of propionic acid(24.176±0.978 mM),valeric acid(0.453±0.033 mM),and total short-chain fatty acids(57.378±2.027 mM,SCFAs)were significantly increased after 48 h in vitro fecal fermentation of RSG7 EPS.This study suggests that RSG7 EPS could be developed as a prebiotic to improve human intestinal health.展开更多
Previous studies systematically characterized the structural features,digestion,and fermentation properties of Pleurotus eryngii protein and its complex with oatβ-glucan(W-PEP-OG).The results indicated that,compared ...Previous studies systematically characterized the structural features,digestion,and fermentation properties of Pleurotus eryngii protein and its complex with oatβ-glucan(W-PEP-OG).The results indicated that,compared with the protein alone,W-PEP-OG exerts more favorable modulatory effects on gut health and may improve intestinal barrier function.In this study,a co-culture model of HT-29 and Caco-2 cells was employed to simulate the small intestinal and colonic barriers,and dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)was used to induce ulcerative colitis-like injury.The protective effects of sterile-filtered fractions derived from digested and fermented W-PEP-OG(D-W and F-W)on barrier integrity were systematically evaluated,along with their regulation of gut microbial metabolites.Both D-W and F-W alleviated DSS-induced barrier damage,as evidenced by reductions in inflam-mation and oxidative stress,accompanied by upregulation of mucins(MUC2 and MUC4),goblet cell-secreted factors(TFF3 and RELMβ),and tight junction proteins(ZO-1,occludin,and claudin-1).Untargeted metab-olomic analysis revealed that W-PEP-OG could modulate gut microbial pathways involved in tryptophan metabolism,histidine metabolism,and arginine biosynthesis,thereby promoting the production of metabolites such as tryptophan,indole-3-ethanol,and histamine,previously implicated in the regulation of intestinal barrier function.These findings provide a theoretical basis for the potential application of W-PEP-OG in mitigating intestinal barrier damage associated with ulcerative colitis.展开更多
Poria cocos(PC)is a famous traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and a widely used healthcare ingredient,which has antiobesity,enhancing immunity and improving sleep effects.Traditionally,only water-soluble poria polysacch...Poria cocos(PC)is a famous traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and a widely used healthcare ingredient,which has antiobesity,enhancing immunity and improving sleep effects.Traditionally,only water-soluble poria polysaccharide(WSP)is extracted and applied for clinical application,while insoluble polysaccharide(alkali-soluble poria polysaccharide,ASP)is discarded as herb residue.However,the whole PC has also been historically utilized as functional herbal food.Considering the beneficial role of dietary fiber and the traditional use of PC,ASP may also contribute substantially to the therapy function of PC.Compared to WSP,little attention has been paid to ASP and ASP modified product carboxymethyl poria polysaccharide(CMP)which has been used as an antitumor adjuvant drug.In this study,the oil,cholesterol,metal ions and polyphenols adsorption ability,in vitro simulated digestive and the gut microbiota fermentation characteristics of WSP,ASP and CMP were studied to evaluate the functional values of three P.cocos polysaccharides(PCPs).The results showed that all three PCPs had good adsorption capacity on cholesterol,polyphenols and metal ions(Cd^(2+)/Zn^(2+)/Mg^(2+)),among which ASP showed the highest capacity than WSP and CMP.The adsorption capacity of all three PCPs on heavy metal ions(Cd^(2+)/Zn^(2+))was stronger than that of non-heavy metal ions(Mg^(2+));The in vitro digestibility of all three PCPs was very low,but WSP was slightly higher than ASP and CMP;Moreover,the indigestible residue of all three PCPs could improve the richness and diversity of gut microbiota,among which ASP had the greatest influence.In general,ASP and CMP could significantly promote the proliferation of some probiotics and inhibit the growth of some harmful bacteria.The gut microbiota diversity of CMP was reduced,but the richness of probiotics,especially Parabacteroides distasonis was significantly enhanced compared with the ASP group,and the growth of harmful bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae was inhibited after CMP treatment.The short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)analysis results showed that all three PCPs could significantly promote the production of acetic acid,propionic acid and the total acid content compared with blank control group,and SCFAs producing activity was positively correlated with the proliferative capacity of probiotics.Taken together,the good adsorption characteristics and gut microbiota regulatory activity of ASP may lay foundation for its lipid-lowering and immune-improving function.Additionally,the probiotic effect of CMP and ASP indicated that except for only use the water extract of PC in clinic,CMP and ASP also can be used in healthcare to take full advantage of this valuable medicine.展开更多
Kidney beans have prebiotic potential in preventing chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes by regulating gut microbiota.In the present study,an in vitro simulated colonic fermentation model was established to identi...Kidney beans have prebiotic potential in preventing chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes by regulating gut microbiota.In the present study,an in vitro simulated colonic fermentation model was established to identify the influences of kidney beans on the intestinal micro-ecosystem via the evolution of microbes and their metabolites.The results showed that kidney beans effectively facilitated the proliferation of probiotics represented by Bifidobacterium and inhibited the colonization of Fusobacterium served as the biomarker for colorectal cancer.Meanwhile,kidney beans facilitated the generating of lactic acid and short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),and the multi-omics analysis revealed butyric acid was mainly synthesized via the butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase pathway mediated by kidney beans rich in resistant starch and phenolics.Conclusively,this study provided new evidence for the characterization of gut microbial SCFAs metabolism in kidney beans and established the theoretical basis for the health benefits of kidney beans.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 32101923)the Basic Research Program of Shanxi Province(grant number 20210302124066)+1 种基金Research award fund for the outstanding doctor of the Department of Finance of Shanxi Province,China(grant numbers 0110/02010008,0503/02010189)the Doctoral initial fund of Shanxi Normal University(grant numbers 0505/02070532,0505/02070485).
文摘Exopolysaccharides(EPSs)from lactic acid bacteria(LAB)play important roles in food,pharmaceutical,and medical applications.The aims of this study were to explore the digestive characteristics of Leuconostoc mesenteroides RSG7 EPS and its effects on the gut microbiota.RSG7 EPS could not be digested using salivary,gastric,or intestinal in vitro models of digestion.However,after fecal fermentation,the molecular weight(Mw)of RSG7 EPS decreased by 50.91±3.18%,and the surface morphology changed remarkably,developing wrinkles and dense fragments.These results indicated that RSG7 EPS could be degraded and consumed by human gut microbiota.Notably,in a fecal fermentation model,RSG7 EPS promoted the increase of beneficial bacteria,including Phascolarctobacterium with an abundance of 0.127±0.011 at 24 h and 0.149±0.021 at 48 h and Faecalicoccus with an abundance of 0.037±0.003 at 24 h and 0.016±0.003 at 48 h.In particular,the concentrations of propionic acid(24.176±0.978 mM),valeric acid(0.453±0.033 mM),and total short-chain fatty acids(57.378±2.027 mM,SCFAs)were significantly increased after 48 h in vitro fecal fermentation of RSG7 EPS.This study suggests that RSG7 EPS could be developed as a prebiotic to improve human intestinal health.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32372324)the Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province(BE2022378).
文摘Previous studies systematically characterized the structural features,digestion,and fermentation properties of Pleurotus eryngii protein and its complex with oatβ-glucan(W-PEP-OG).The results indicated that,compared with the protein alone,W-PEP-OG exerts more favorable modulatory effects on gut health and may improve intestinal barrier function.In this study,a co-culture model of HT-29 and Caco-2 cells was employed to simulate the small intestinal and colonic barriers,and dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)was used to induce ulcerative colitis-like injury.The protective effects of sterile-filtered fractions derived from digested and fermented W-PEP-OG(D-W and F-W)on barrier integrity were systematically evaluated,along with their regulation of gut microbial metabolites.Both D-W and F-W alleviated DSS-induced barrier damage,as evidenced by reductions in inflam-mation and oxidative stress,accompanied by upregulation of mucins(MUC2 and MUC4),goblet cell-secreted factors(TFF3 and RELMβ),and tight junction proteins(ZO-1,occludin,and claudin-1).Untargeted metab-olomic analysis revealed that W-PEP-OG could modulate gut microbial pathways involved in tryptophan metabolism,histidine metabolism,and arginine biosynthesis,thereby promoting the production of metabolites such as tryptophan,indole-3-ethanol,and histamine,previously implicated in the regulation of intestinal barrier function.These findings provide a theoretical basis for the potential application of W-PEP-OG in mitigating intestinal barrier damage associated with ulcerative colitis.
基金supported by the Province Natural Science Foundation of Hunan,China (2022JJ5410)Special Project on Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System Construction of Hunan,China (2022-67)。
文摘Poria cocos(PC)is a famous traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and a widely used healthcare ingredient,which has antiobesity,enhancing immunity and improving sleep effects.Traditionally,only water-soluble poria polysaccharide(WSP)is extracted and applied for clinical application,while insoluble polysaccharide(alkali-soluble poria polysaccharide,ASP)is discarded as herb residue.However,the whole PC has also been historically utilized as functional herbal food.Considering the beneficial role of dietary fiber and the traditional use of PC,ASP may also contribute substantially to the therapy function of PC.Compared to WSP,little attention has been paid to ASP and ASP modified product carboxymethyl poria polysaccharide(CMP)which has been used as an antitumor adjuvant drug.In this study,the oil,cholesterol,metal ions and polyphenols adsorption ability,in vitro simulated digestive and the gut microbiota fermentation characteristics of WSP,ASP and CMP were studied to evaluate the functional values of three P.cocos polysaccharides(PCPs).The results showed that all three PCPs had good adsorption capacity on cholesterol,polyphenols and metal ions(Cd^(2+)/Zn^(2+)/Mg^(2+)),among which ASP showed the highest capacity than WSP and CMP.The adsorption capacity of all three PCPs on heavy metal ions(Cd^(2+)/Zn^(2+))was stronger than that of non-heavy metal ions(Mg^(2+));The in vitro digestibility of all three PCPs was very low,but WSP was slightly higher than ASP and CMP;Moreover,the indigestible residue of all three PCPs could improve the richness and diversity of gut microbiota,among which ASP had the greatest influence.In general,ASP and CMP could significantly promote the proliferation of some probiotics and inhibit the growth of some harmful bacteria.The gut microbiota diversity of CMP was reduced,but the richness of probiotics,especially Parabacteroides distasonis was significantly enhanced compared with the ASP group,and the growth of harmful bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae was inhibited after CMP treatment.The short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)analysis results showed that all three PCPs could significantly promote the production of acetic acid,propionic acid and the total acid content compared with blank control group,and SCFAs producing activity was positively correlated with the proliferative capacity of probiotics.Taken together,the good adsorption characteristics and gut microbiota regulatory activity of ASP may lay foundation for its lipid-lowering and immune-improving function.Additionally,the probiotic effect of CMP and ASP indicated that except for only use the water extract of PC in clinic,CMP and ASP also can be used in healthcare to take full advantage of this valuable medicine.
基金financial support of Guizhou Science and Technology Program Qian Ke Zhong Yin Di[2022]4033Qian Ke He Zhicheng[2022]Zhongdian 007+5 种基金Qian Ke He Zhicheng[2021]yiban 175Qian Ke He Zhicheng[2020]1Y171Qian Ke He Jichu[2019]1071Qian Ke He Ping Tai Ren Cai[2018]5254[2018]5781Establishment of Guizhou Modern Agriculture Industry Technical System(Characteristic Coarse Cereals)Qian Cai Nong[2018]81.
文摘Kidney beans have prebiotic potential in preventing chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes by regulating gut microbiota.In the present study,an in vitro simulated colonic fermentation model was established to identify the influences of kidney beans on the intestinal micro-ecosystem via the evolution of microbes and their metabolites.The results showed that kidney beans effectively facilitated the proliferation of probiotics represented by Bifidobacterium and inhibited the colonization of Fusobacterium served as the biomarker for colorectal cancer.Meanwhile,kidney beans facilitated the generating of lactic acid and short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),and the multi-omics analysis revealed butyric acid was mainly synthesized via the butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase pathway mediated by kidney beans rich in resistant starch and phenolics.Conclusively,this study provided new evidence for the characterization of gut microbial SCFAs metabolism in kidney beans and established the theoretical basis for the health benefits of kidney beans.
