As demand for lithium-ion batteries increases,the supply of materials is increasingly constrained by their geographical concentration.This has spurred significant research into recycling spent batteries to enhance res...As demand for lithium-ion batteries increases,the supply of materials is increasingly constrained by their geographical concentration.This has spurred significant research into recycling spent batteries to enhance resource circulation.Currently,commercially applied recycling methods(such as pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy)face environmental and economic challenges,including waste acid and gas generation,high-temperature heat treatment,and operational complexity.A promising alternative is the carbothermic reduction process,which operates at lower temperatures,minimizing costs and environmental emissions.However,this method still requires large quantities of external reducing agents.Therefore,this study aims to introduce a simplified direct carbothermic reduction(SDCR)process.The SDCR process leveraged carbon conductive materials and organic binders within the electrode as reducing agents.Additionally,the high compaction state created a conducive environment for reducing gases,promoting efficient reduction and material recovery.This approach reduces the reliance on external reducing agents and streamlines the re-upcycling process,making it commercially viable.展开更多
There are many motors in operation or on standby in nuclear power plants,and the startup of group motors will have a great impact on the voltage of the emergency bus.At present,there is no special or inexpensive softw...There are many motors in operation or on standby in nuclear power plants,and the startup of group motors will have a great impact on the voltage of the emergency bus.At present,there is no special or inexpensive software to solve this problem,and the experience of engineers is not accurate enough.Therefore,this paper developed a method and system for the startup calculation of group motors in nuclear power plants and proposed an automatic generation method of circuit topology in nuclear power plants.Each component in the topology was given its unique number,and the component class could be constructed according to its type and upper and lower connections.The subordination and topology relationship of switches,buses,and motors could be quickly generated by the program according to the component class,and the simplified direct power flow algorithm was used to calculate the power flow for the startup of group motors according to the above relationship.Then,whether the bus voltage is in the safe range and whether the voltage exceeds the limit during the startup of the group motor could be judged.The practical example was used to verify the effectiveness of the method.Compared with other professional software,the method has high efficiency and low cost.展开更多
A binaural-loudness-model-based method for evaluating the spatial discrimination threshold of magnitudes of head-related transfer function（HRTF） is proposed.As the input of the binaural loudness model,the HRTF magni...A binaural-loudness-model-based method for evaluating the spatial discrimination threshold of magnitudes of head-related transfer function（HRTF） is proposed.As the input of the binaural loudness model,the HRTF magnitude variations caused by spatial position variations were firstly calculated from a high-resolution HRTF dataset.Then,three perceptualrelevant parameters,namely interaural loudness level difference,binaural loudness level spectra,and total binaural loudness level,were derived from the binaural loudness model.Finally,the spatial discrimination thresholds of HRTF magnitude were evaluated according to just-noticedifference of the above-mentioned perceptual-relevant parameters.A series of psychoacoustic experiments was also conducted to obtain the spatial discrimination threshold of HRTF magnitudes.Results indicate that the threshold derived from the proposed binaural-loudness-modelbased method is consistent with that obtained from the traditional psychoacoustic experiment,validating the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
We experimentally demonstrate a cascaded Raman scattering continuum, utilizing a compact mode-locked Yb-doped fiber laser based on a nonlinear polarization rotation technique in the all normal dispersion regime.There ...We experimentally demonstrate a cascaded Raman scattering continuum, utilizing a compact mode-locked Yb-doped fiber laser based on a nonlinear polarization rotation technique in the all normal dispersion regime.There is no physical filter or polarization controller in the oscillator, and a different mode-locked operation is achieved, corresponding to the extra fiber location in the oscillator. The broadband spectrum generation owes to the enhanced stimulated Raman scattering progress. The maximum output average power and peak power are14.75 n J and 18.0 W, and the short coherence light is suited for optical coherence tomography.展开更多
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(Ministry of Education).(No.2022R1A6A1A03051158,Research Center for Energy Conversion/Storage Utilization System(CECS))the Materials/Parts Technology Development Program(No.RS-2024-00456324)funded by the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy(MOTIE,Korea).
文摘As demand for lithium-ion batteries increases,the supply of materials is increasingly constrained by their geographical concentration.This has spurred significant research into recycling spent batteries to enhance resource circulation.Currently,commercially applied recycling methods(such as pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy)face environmental and economic challenges,including waste acid and gas generation,high-temperature heat treatment,and operational complexity.A promising alternative is the carbothermic reduction process,which operates at lower temperatures,minimizing costs and environmental emissions.However,this method still requires large quantities of external reducing agents.Therefore,this study aims to introduce a simplified direct carbothermic reduction(SDCR)process.The SDCR process leveraged carbon conductive materials and organic binders within the electrode as reducing agents.Additionally,the high compaction state created a conducive environment for reducing gases,promoting efficient reduction and material recovery.This approach reduces the reliance on external reducing agents and streamlines the re-upcycling process,making it commercially viable.
基金Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(52237008)Beijing Municipal Education Commission Research Program Funding Project(KM202111232022)。
文摘There are many motors in operation or on standby in nuclear power plants,and the startup of group motors will have a great impact on the voltage of the emergency bus.At present,there is no special or inexpensive software to solve this problem,and the experience of engineers is not accurate enough.Therefore,this paper developed a method and system for the startup calculation of group motors in nuclear power plants and proposed an automatic generation method of circuit topology in nuclear power plants.Each component in the topology was given its unique number,and the component class could be constructed according to its type and upper and lower connections.The subordination and topology relationship of switches,buses,and motors could be quickly generated by the program according to the component class,and the simplified direct power flow algorithm was used to calculate the power flow for the startup of group motors according to the above relationship.Then,whether the bus voltage is in the safe range and whether the voltage exceeds the limit during the startup of the group motor could be judged.The practical example was used to verify the effectiveness of the method.Compared with other professional software,the method has high efficiency and low cost.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11174087)
文摘A binaural-loudness-model-based method for evaluating the spatial discrimination threshold of magnitudes of head-related transfer function（HRTF） is proposed.As the input of the binaural loudness model,the HRTF magnitude variations caused by spatial position variations were firstly calculated from a high-resolution HRTF dataset.Then,three perceptualrelevant parameters,namely interaural loudness level difference,binaural loudness level spectra,and total binaural loudness level,were derived from the binaural loudness model.Finally,the spatial discrimination thresholds of HRTF magnitude were evaluated according to just-noticedifference of the above-mentioned perceptual-relevant parameters.A series of psychoacoustic experiments was also conducted to obtain the spatial discrimination threshold of HRTF magnitudes.Results indicate that the threshold derived from the proposed binaural-loudness-modelbased method is consistent with that obtained from the traditional psychoacoustic experiment,validating the effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61575011)the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61235010)
文摘We experimentally demonstrate a cascaded Raman scattering continuum, utilizing a compact mode-locked Yb-doped fiber laser based on a nonlinear polarization rotation technique in the all normal dispersion regime.There is no physical filter or polarization controller in the oscillator, and a different mode-locked operation is achieved, corresponding to the extra fiber location in the oscillator. The broadband spectrum generation owes to the enhanced stimulated Raman scattering progress. The maximum output average power and peak power are14.75 n J and 18.0 W, and the short coherence light is suited for optical coherence tomography.
