David’s Story by Zoë Wicomb addresses the complexities of representing female suffering and the limitations of traditional historical narratives in capturing the experiences of marginalized bodies.It challenges ...David’s Story by Zoë Wicomb addresses the complexities of representing female suffering and the limitations of traditional historical narratives in capturing the experiences of marginalized bodies.It challenges the grand narratives of national history by emphasizing the indispensable role of women’s experiences.Through characters like Dulcie and Rachael,Wicomb portrays the female body as a site of resistance and resilience,highlighting the need for more nuanced and inclusive ways of documenting history.Underscoring the inexpressibility of trauma and the limitations of language and representation,the novel self-reflexively acknowledges its own aporia of completing the narrative,embodying the ongoing struggle to capture the full breadth of human experience.展开更多
Inhibition of neurite growth, which is in large part mediated by the Nogo-66 receptor, affects neural regeneration following bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. The tissue engineering scaffold poly（D,L...Inhibition of neurite growth, which is in large part mediated by the Nogo-66 receptor, affects neural regeneration following bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. The tissue engineering scaffold poly（D,L-lactide-co-glycolic acid） has good histocompatibility and can promote the growth of regenerating nerve fibers. The present study used small interfering RNA to silence Nogo-66 receptor gene expression in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and Schwann cells, which were subsequently transplanted with poly（D,L-lactide-co-glycolic acid） into the spinal cord lesion regions in rats. Simultaneously, rats treated with scaffold only were taken as the control group. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry revealed that at 4 weeks after transplantation, rats had good motor function of the hind limb after treatment with Nogo-66 receptor gene-silenced ceils prus the poly（O,L-lactide-co-glycolic acid） scaffold compared with rats treated with scaffold only, and the number of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and neuron-like cells was also increased. At 8 weeks after transplantation, horseradish peroxidase tracing and transmission electron microscopy showed a large number of unmyelinated and myelinated nerve fibers, as well as intact regenerating axonal myelin sheath following spinal cord hemisection injury. These experimental findings indicate that transplantation of Nogo-66 receptor gene-silenced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and Schwann cells plus a poly（D,L-lactide-co-glycolic acid） scaffold can significantly enhance axonal regeneration of spinal cord neurons and improve motor function of the extremities in rats following spinal cord injury.展开更多
Objective To investigate the effect of c-fos gene silencing on differentially expressed proteins(DEPs) in human bronchial epithelial(HBE) cells after exposure to fine particulate matter(PM2.5).Methods HBE cells and c-...Objective To investigate the effect of c-fos gene silencing on differentially expressed proteins(DEPs) in human bronchial epithelial(HBE) cells after exposure to fine particulate matter(PM2.5).Methods HBE cells and c-fos-silenced HBE cells were exposed to 50 μg/mL PM2.5, LC-MS/MS and tandem mass tag(TMT) labeling methods were combined with bioinformatics methods, and DEPs and interaction networks were identified.Results In the HBE group, 414 DEPs were screened, of which 227 were up-regulated and 187 downregulated. In the c-fos silenced HBE group, 480 DEPs were screened, including 240 up-regulated proteins and 240 down-regulated proteins. KEGG annotations showed that DEPs in the HBE group are mainly concentrated in the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway and those in the c-fos silenced group are concentrated mainly in endoplasmic reticulum and the processing of proteins. Additionally, the abnormal expression of GPRC5 C, DKK4, and UBE2 C was identified in top 15 DEPs. After constructing the protein interaction network, 20 Hub proteins including HNRNPA2 B1, HNRNPL, RPS15 A, and RPS25 were screened from the HBE group and the c-fos silenced HBE group.Conclusion c-fos gene affected the expression of cancer-related proteins. Our results provided a scientific basis for further study of PM2.5-induced carcinogenesis mechanism.展开更多
The NAC(NAM,ATAF,and CUC)family is considered one of the largest families of plant transcription factor,and its members are involved in fruit ripening.Abscisic acid(ABA)has been demonstrated to modulate the fruit ripe...The NAC(NAM,ATAF,and CUC)family is considered one of the largest families of plant transcription factor,and its members are involved in fruit ripening.Abscisic acid(ABA)has been demonstrated to modulate the fruit ripening process.By applying the virus-induced gene silencing method and next-generation sequencing technology,we conducted a compara-tive analysis of the eff ects of SNAC4(SlNAC48,accession number:NM 001279348.2)and SNAC9(SlNAC19,accession number:XM 004236996.2)on tomato fruit ripening.The results of high-throughput sequencing identified 1262 significant(p<0.05)diff erentially expressed genes(DEGs)in SNAC4-silenced fruit compared to control fruit,while 655 DEGs were identified in SNAC9-silenced fruit.In addition,we selected 26 and 30 significant DEGs(p<0.05 and log 2-fold change>1.0)related to ABA in SNAC4-silenced and SNAC9-silenced tomatoes,respectively,for further analysis.The XET gene and two other genes(E8 and EXP1)were significantly down and upregulated in SNAC4-silenced tomatoes,respectively.However,the PYL9 gene and four other genes(PP2C,CYP707A2,EXPA6,and ACS6)were significantly down and upregulated in SNAC9-silenced tomatoes,respectively.In addition,ten DEGs were selected for use in tests to confirm the accuracy of the transcriptomic results by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).Our results highlight the relationship between SNAC4/9 and ABA in the regulation of tomato ripening,which may help provide a theoretical basis for further research on the mechanisms of tomato fruit ripening and senescence.展开更多
The NAC(NAM,ATAF1/2,and CUC2)is a defense-associated transcription factor(TF)family that positively regulates defense responses to pathogen infection.TaNAC069 positively regulates resistance in wheat to Puccinia triti...The NAC(NAM,ATAF1/2,and CUC2)is a defense-associated transcription factor(TF)family that positively regulates defense responses to pathogen infection.TaNAC069 positively regulates resistance in wheat to Puccinia triticina(Pt).However,the molecular mechanism of its interaction with a Pt effector is not clear.We found that Pt effector Pt-1234 interacts with TaNAC069 to subvert host immunity during Pt infection.Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that expression of Pt-1234 was significantly upregulated during the early stage of Pt infection.Protein-mediated cell death assays in wheat showed that the Pt-1234 protein was unable to induce cell death in wheat near-isogenic lines carrying different leaf rust resistance genes,whereas it suppressed BAX-induced cell death in leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana.Silencing of Pt-1234 by host-induced gene silencing(HIGS)significantly reduced the virulence of Pt in the susceptible wheat variety Thatcher.The C subdomain of TaNAC069 was responsible for its interaction with Pt-1234,and the E subdomain was required for TaNAC069-mediated defense responses to Pt in planta.These findings indicate that Pt utilizes Pt-1234 to interact with wheat transcription factor TaNAC069 through its C subdomain,thereby modulating wheat immunity.展开更多
Traumatic brain injury and Alzheimer's disease share pathological similarities,including neuronal loss,amyloid-βdeposition,tau hyperphosphorylation,blood-brain barrier dysfunction,neuroinflammation,and cognitive ...Traumatic brain injury and Alzheimer's disease share pathological similarities,including neuronal loss,amyloid-βdeposition,tau hyperphosphorylation,blood-brain barrier dysfunction,neuroinflammation,and cognitive deficits.Furthermore,traumatic brain injury can exacerbate Alzheimer's disease-like pathologies,potentially leading to the development of Alzheimer's disease.Nanocarriers offer a potential solution by facilitating the delive ry of small interfering RNAs across the blood-brain barrier for the targeted silencing of key pathological genes implicated in traumatic brain injury and Alzheimer's disease.U nlike traditional approaches to neuro regeneration,this is a molecula r-targeted strategy,thus avoiding non-specific drug actions.This review focuses on the use of nanocarrier systems for the efficient and precise delive ry of siRNAs,discussing the advantages,challenges,and future directions.In principle,siRNAs have the potential to target all genes and non-targetable protein s,holding significant promise for treating various diseases.Among the various therapeutic approaches currently available for neurological diseases,siRNA gene silencing can precisely"turn off"the expression of any gene at the genetic level,thus radically inhibiting disease progression;however,a significant challenge lies in delivering siRNAs across the blood-brain barrier.Nanoparticles have received increasing attention as an innovative drug delive ry tool fo r the treatment of brain diseases.They are considered a potential therapeutic strategy with the advantages of being able to cross the blood-brain barrier,targeted drug delivery,enhanced drug stability,and multifunctional therapy.The use of nanoparticles to deliver specific modified siRNAs to the injured brain is gradually being recognized as a feasible and effective approach.Although this strategy is still in the preclinical exploration stage,it is expected to achieve clinical translation in the future,creating a new field of molecular targeted therapy and precision medicine for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease associated with traumatic brain injury.展开更多
Dear Editor,I am writing in response to the article“Assessment of nurses’workplace silence behavior motives:A cross-sectional study”by Alhojairi et al.published in the September 2024 issue of the International Jour...Dear Editor,I am writing in response to the article“Assessment of nurses’workplace silence behavior motives:A cross-sectional study”by Alhojairi et al.published in the September 2024 issue of the International Journal of Nursing Sciences[1].This is a letter written by a nurse with 10 years of clinical work experience and a personal interest in team dynamics.I appreciate the authors'recommendations on mitigating workplace silence among nurses to enhance clinical work development,and I believe their proposals could be expanded further.展开更多
The idea of the earthquake (EQ) focus as a coherent electromagnetic (EM) emitter is suggested. This idea elucidates enigmatic properties of the EM voice of the focus: its emission is not continuous, occurring periodic...The idea of the earthquake (EQ) focus as a coherent electromagnetic (EM) emitter is suggested. This idea elucidates enigmatic properties of the EM voice of the focus: its emission is not continuous, occurring periodically in flashes, which are structured as the pulses occurring in bursts;the EM activity increases starting approximately two weeks before the EQ and becomes very weak or completely disappears one day before the EQ (gap of silence). The mechanism of coherency starts with electric discharges of any mini-cracks as a mini-capacitor, which generates EM waves;the latter induces discharges of other cracks, multiplying the amplitude of the wave and creating the pulse of seismic EM signal. It is an avalanche-like mechanism of coherency, which transforms even weak EM signals into intensive EM seismic flashes.展开更多
In the context of Michel Serres'and posthumanism's proposal of rethinking the human and the world in a perspective of universal co-belonging,silence(of the human word)assumes the function of a catalyst for the...In the context of Michel Serres'and posthumanism's proposal of rethinking the human and the world in a perspective of universal co-belonging,silence(of the human word)assumes the function of a catalyst for the recognition of the human body in its aesthetic,cognitive,relational,and hybrid dimensionality,and of the world in its agency(including artistic).Within this framework,the contribution proposes a reading of art as a relation and catalyzer of relations,that is,as a(re)activation of positive relations of the human with a world that reveals itself to be increasingly hyper-complex.Taking Serresian ideas on artistic practices as not(only)human forms of expression and some posthumanist"isomorphic"positions on non-human agency as tools,the research then highlights the more-than-human scope of art.展开更多
Researchers commonly use cyclization recombination enzyme/locus of X-over P1(Cre/loxP)technology-based conditional gene knockouts of model mice to investigate the functional roles of genes of interest in Sertoli and L...Researchers commonly use cyclization recombination enzyme/locus of X-over P1(Cre/loxP)technology-based conditional gene knockouts of model mice to investigate the functional roles of genes of interest in Sertoli and Leydig cells within the testis.However,the shortcomings of these genetic tools include high costs,lengthy experimental periods,and limited accessibility for researchers.Therefore,exploring alternative gene silencing techniques is of great practical value.In this study,we employed adeno-associated virus(AAV)as a vector for gene silencing in Sertoli and Leydig cells.Our findings demonstrated that AAV serotypes 1,8,and 9 exhibited high infection efficiency in both types of testis cells.Importantly,we discovered that all three AAV serotypes exhibited exquisite specificity in targeting Sertoli cells via tubular injection while demonstrating remarkable selectivity in targeting Leydig cells via interstitial injection.We achieved cell-specific knockouts of the steroidogenic acute regulatory(Star)and luteinizing hormone/human chorionic gonadotropin receptor(Lhcgr)genes in Leydig cells,but not in Sertoli cells,using AAV9-single guide RNA(sgRNA)-mediated gene editing in Rosa26-LSL-Cas9mice.Knockdown of androgen receptor(Ar)gene expression in Sertoli cells of wild-type mice was achieved via tubular injection of AAV9-short hairpinRNA(shRNA)-mediated targeting.Our findings offer technical approaches for investigating gene function in Sertoli and Leydig cells through AAV9-mediated gene silencing.展开更多
Gliomas are the most common intracranial tumors with poor survival and high mortality.Furthermore,the clinical efficacy of current drugs is still not ideal;despite the development of several therapeutic drugs over the...Gliomas are the most common intracranial tumors with poor survival and high mortality.Furthermore,the clinical efficacy of current drugs is still not ideal;despite the development of several therapeutic drugs over the past decades and tumor progression or recurrence is inevitable in many patients.RNAibased therapy presents a novel disease-related gene targeting therapy,including otherwise undruggable genes,and generates therapeutic options.However,the therapeutic effect of siRNA is hindered by multiple biological barriers,primarily the blood-brain barrier(BBB).A glycoprotein-derived peptide-mediated delivery system is the preferred option to resolve this phenomenon.RDP,a polypeptide composed of 15 amino acids derived from rabies virus glycoprotein(RVG),possesses an N-type acetylcholine receptor(nAChR)-binding efficiency similar to that of RVG29.Given its lower cost and small particle size when used as a ligand,RDP should be extensively evaluated.First,we verified the brain-targeting efficacyy of RDP at the cellular and animal levels and further explored the possibility of using the RDP-oligoarginine peptide(designated RDP-5R)as a bio-safe vehicle to deliver therapeutic siRNA into glioma cells in vitro and in vivo.The polypeptide carrier possesses a diblock design composed of oligoarginine for binding siRNA through electrostatic interactions and RDP for cascade BBB-and glioma cell-targeting.The results indicated that RDP-R5/siRNA nanoparticles exhibited stable and suitable physicochemical properties for in vivo application,desirable glioma-targeting effects,and therapeutic efficiency.As a novel and efficient polypeptide carrier,RDP-based polypeptides hold great promise as a noninvasive,safe,and efficient treatment for various brain diseases.展开更多
The occurrence,development,and metastasis of tumors often entail abnormal expression of genetic substances.Monitoring and regulating changes in intracellular nucleic acid substances hold promise for achieving accurate...The occurrence,development,and metastasis of tumors often entail abnormal expression of genetic substances.Monitoring and regulating changes in intracellular nucleic acid substances hold promise for achieving accurate tumor diagnosis and effective treatment.However,the effectiveness of integrated tumor diagnosis and treatment based on functional nucleic acids still needs to be improved.In this study,we engineered a multifunctional nucleic acid delivery system grounded in a cationic covalent organic framework carrier.This system not only showcases effective gene silencing but also boasts high sensitivity in detecting miR21 levels within tumor cells,enabling real-time monitoring of tumor gene therapy efficacy.The construction of this integrated functional nucleic acid delivery platform provides new ideas for precise tumor detection and effective tumor treatment.展开更多
Background Mepiquat chloride(MC)is a widely used plant growth regulator in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.).It regulates endogenous hormone content and crosstalk to control plant height and promote lateral root(LR)develo...Background Mepiquat chloride(MC)is a widely used plant growth regulator in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.).It regulates endogenous hormone content and crosstalk to control plant height and promote lateral root(LR)development.However,the roles of cytokinins(CTKs)in the MC-induced increase in LR number in cotton seedlings remain unclear.Therefore,in this study,whole-genome transcriptome analysis was performed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms,CTK transformation,and CTK signaling pathway response to MC in cotton roots.Results In the present study,MC reduced the contents of the active CTK trans-zeatin(tZ)and N^(6)-isopentenyladenine(iP)but increased the levels of the nucleoside CTK trans-zeatin riboside(tZR)and N^(6)-isopentenyladenine riboside(iPR).RNA-seq data showed that the CTK biosynthesis genes GhIPTs and active CTK catabolism genes GhCKXs were obviously upregulated after MC treatment.The CTK-activating enzyme gene GhLOGs was repressed compared with the control.Furthermore,MC inhibited the expression of GhAHK4 and GhARR2/12,which are involved in the CTK signaling pathway,and activated the IAA-IAA14-ARF7/19 signaling module.Meanwhile,MC increased the expression levels of genes involved in sucrose synthesis,the cell cycle,cell division,and cell wall biosynthesis pathways.Silencing the GhCKX family separately decreased the LR number and active indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)level.The expression levels of GhPIN1,GhARF7,GhARF19,GhLBD16,GhLBD18,GhLBD29,and GhLBD33 were downregulated,but GhARR2/12 and GhIAA14 were upregulated.The total content of active CTKs was noticeably increased.The results of silencing the GhLOGs family were opposite to those of silencing GhCKXs.Silencing GhARR12 could upregulate GhPIN1 expression and increase LR number.In addition,the silenced GhCKXs,GhLOGs,and GhARR12 were less responsive to MCinduced LR growth than the control.Conclusion These results suggested that MC treatment could upregulate CTK-nucleoside biosynthesis and CTK metabolism genes to decrease active CTK levels,promoting crosstalk between CTKs and auxin signaling pathways to enhance LR initiation.展开更多
Background Verticillium dahliae,a soil-borne fungi,can cause Verticillium wilt,and seriously diminish the yield and quality of cotton.However,the pathogenic mechanism of V.dahliae is complex and not clearly understood...Background Verticillium dahliae,a soil-borne fungi,can cause Verticillium wilt,and seriously diminish the yield and quality of cotton.However,the pathogenic mechanism of V.dahliae is complex and not clearly understood at the moment.This study aimed to identify the high-affinity nicotinic acid transporter genes in V.dahliae.The gene expression profiles in V.dahliae following sensing of root exudates from susceptible and resistant cotton varieties were analyzed.The function of VdNAT1 in the pathogenic process of V.dahliae was studied using the tobacco rattle virus(TRV)-based host-induced gene silencing(HIGS)technique.Results Eight high-affinity nicotinic acid transporter genes were identified from V.dahliae through the bioinformatics method.Each protein contains a conserved major facilitator superfamily(MFS)domain,which belongs to the MFS superfamily.Evolutionary relationship analysis revealed that all 8 genes belong to the anion:cation symporter(ACS)subfamily.All proteins have transmembrane domains,ranging from 7 to 12.The expression levels of most VdNAT genes were significantly increased after induction by root exudates from susceptible cotton varieties.Silencing VdNAT1 gene by HIGS significantly inhibited the accumulation of fungal biomass in cotton plants,and alleviated the disease symptoms of cotton.Conclusions Eight VdNAT genes were identified from V.dahliae,and most VdNAT genes was up-regulated after induced by root exudates from susceptible cotton variety.In addition,VdNAT1 is required for the pathogenicity of V.dahliae.Overall,these findings will facilitate the pathogenic molecular mechanism of V.dahliae and provide candidate genes.展开更多
In the article“Silencing of the long non-coding RNA LINC00265 triggers autophagy and apoptosis in lung cancer by reducing protein stability of SIN3A oncogene”(Oncology Research.2024,Vol.32,No.7,pp.1185–1195.doi:10....In the article“Silencing of the long non-coding RNA LINC00265 triggers autophagy and apoptosis in lung cancer by reducing protein stability of SIN3A oncogene”(Oncology Research.2024,Vol.32,No.7,pp.1185–1195.doi:10.32604/or.2023.030771,https://www.techscience.com/or/v32n7/57163),an inadvertent error occurred during the compilation of Fig.3H.This needed corrections to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data presented.展开更多
The high molecular weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GSs)are a major class of common wheat storage proteins.The breadmaking quality of common wheat flour is influenced by the composition of HMW-GSs.In the present study,two...The high molecular weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GSs)are a major class of common wheat storage proteins.The breadmaking quality of common wheat flour is influenced by the composition of HMW-GSs.In the present study,two unexpressed 1 By genes from Triticum aesitvum L.ssp.yunnanese AS332 and T.aesitvum ssp.tibetanurn AS908 were respectively cloned and characterized.The results indicated that both of the silenced 1By genes in AS332 and AS908 were 1Byg.In contrast to previously reported mechanisms for silenced genes lAx and lay,which was due to the insertion of transposon elements or the presence of premature stop codon via base substitution of C→T transition in trinucleotides CAA or CAG,the silence of 1By9 genes was caused by premature stop codons via the deletion of base A in trinucleotide CA.A,which lead to frameshift mutation and indirectly produced several premature stop codons(TAG)downstream of the coding sequence.展开更多
Rice sheath blight, caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA, is a major disease in rice-growing areas worldwide. Effectors of phytopathogenic fungi play important roles during the infection process of fungal pathogens ont...Rice sheath blight, caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA, is a major disease in rice-growing areas worldwide. Effectors of phytopathogenic fungi play important roles during the infection process of fungal pathogens onto their host plants. However, the molecular mechanisms by which R. solani effectors regulate rice immunity are not well understood. Through prediction, 78 candidate effector molecules were identified. Using the tobacco rattle virus-host induced gene silencing(TRV-HIGS) system, 45 RNAi constructs of effector genes were infiltrated into Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. The results revealed that eight of these constructs resulted in a significant reduction in necrosis caused by infection with the AG1-IA strain GD-118. Additionally, stable rice transformants carrying the double-stranded RNA construct for one of the effector genes, AGLIP1, were generated to further verify the function of this gene. The suppression of the AGLIP1 gene increased the resistance of both N. benthamiana and rice against GD-118, and also affected the growth rate of GD-118, indicating that AGLIP1 is a key pathogenic factor. Small RNA sequencing showed that the HIGS vectors were processed into si RNAs within the plants and then translocated to the fungi, leading to the silencing of the target genes. As a result, AGLIP1 might be an excellent candidate for HIGS, thereby enhancing crop resistance against the pathogen and contributing to the control of R. solani infection.展开更多
Plant basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH)transcription factors(TFs)play central roles in various abiotic stresses.However,its role in plant cold resistance is largely unknown.Previously,we characterised CaNAC035 in pepper,wh...Plant basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH)transcription factors(TFs)play central roles in various abiotic stresses.However,its role in plant cold resistance is largely unknown.Previously,we characterised CaNAC035 in pepper,which positively regulates tolerance to cold,salt and drought stresses tolerance.Here,we identified CabHLH035,a CaNAC035-interacting protein in pepper.To explore its functions in cold stress tolerance,we silenced the gene in pepper via virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS)and overexpressed the gene in Arabidopsis.The results showed that CabHLH035 expression was induced by cold treatment,and silencing of CabHLH035 decreased cold stress tolerance.Conversely,overexpression of CabHLH035 in Arabidopsis increased cold stress tolerance.To investigate homologs genes of C-repeat binding factor(CBF)pathway proteins and reactive oxygen species(ROS)marker gene expression blocking by CabHLH035,we performed yeast one-hybrid(Y1H),dual luciferase and electrophoretic mobility shift assay experiments.The results showed that CabHLH035 bound to the region upstream of the CaCBF1A and CaAPX promoters.Additionally,CaCBF1A bound to the CaDHN4 promoter.Taken together,our results showed that CabHLH035 plays a crucial role in cold stress tolerance and its potential as a target for breeding cold-resistant crops.The findings provide a basis for studying the functions and regulatory network of cold stress tolerance in pepper.展开更多
Verticillium dahliae causes significant losses in cotton production.To reveal the mechanism of the defense response to V.dahliae in cotton,transcriptomic analyses were performed using cotton cultivars M138(V.dahliae-r...Verticillium dahliae causes significant losses in cotton production.To reveal the mechanism of the defense response to V.dahliae in cotton,transcriptomic analyses were performed using cotton cultivars M138(V.dahliae-resistant)and P2(V.dahliae-susceptible).The results revealed 11,076 and 6,640 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in response to V.dahliae,respectively.The weighted gene co-expression network analysis of 4,633 transcription factors(TFs)indicated a“MEblue”module containing 654 TFs that strongly correlate with resistance to V.dahliae.Among these TFs,the ethylene response factor Ghi_A05G10166(GhERF91)was identified as a putative hub gene with a defense response against V.dahliae.A virus-induced gene silencing assay and exogenous application of ethephon showed that GhERF91 is activated by ethylene and positively regulates the response to V.dahliae exposure in cotton.This study provides fundamental transcriptome data and a putative causal gene(GhERF91)associated with resistance to V.dahliae,as well as genetic resources for breeding V.dahliae-resistant cotton.展开更多
基金This work was supported by Humanities and Social Sciences Fund of Ministry of Education of China(No.19XJA7520012020)by National Social Science Fund of China(No.20BWW069).
文摘David’s Story by Zoë Wicomb addresses the complexities of representing female suffering and the limitations of traditional historical narratives in capturing the experiences of marginalized bodies.It challenges the grand narratives of national history by emphasizing the indispensable role of women’s experiences.Through characters like Dulcie and Rachael,Wicomb portrays the female body as a site of resistance and resilience,highlighting the need for more nuanced and inclusive ways of documenting history.Underscoring the inexpressibility of trauma and the limitations of language and representation,the novel self-reflexively acknowledges its own aporia of completing the narrative,embodying the ongoing struggle to capture the full breadth of human experience.
基金sponsored by the Science and Technology Foundation of Tianjin Health Bureau,No. 2010ky04the Application Basis and Front Technology Projects of Tianjin (Science and Technology Foundation of Tianjin),No.12JCYBJC18000
文摘Inhibition of neurite growth, which is in large part mediated by the Nogo-66 receptor, affects neural regeneration following bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. The tissue engineering scaffold poly（D,L-lactide-co-glycolic acid） has good histocompatibility and can promote the growth of regenerating nerve fibers. The present study used small interfering RNA to silence Nogo-66 receptor gene expression in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and Schwann cells, which were subsequently transplanted with poly（D,L-lactide-co-glycolic acid） into the spinal cord lesion regions in rats. Simultaneously, rats treated with scaffold only were taken as the control group. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry revealed that at 4 weeks after transplantation, rats had good motor function of the hind limb after treatment with Nogo-66 receptor gene-silenced ceils prus the poly（O,L-lactide-co-glycolic acid） scaffold compared with rats treated with scaffold only, and the number of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and neuron-like cells was also increased. At 8 weeks after transplantation, horseradish peroxidase tracing and transmission electron microscopy showed a large number of unmyelinated and myelinated nerve fibers, as well as intact regenerating axonal myelin sheath following spinal cord hemisection injury. These experimental findings indicate that transplantation of Nogo-66 receptor gene-silenced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and Schwann cells plus a poly（D,L-lactide-co-glycolic acid） scaffold can significantly enhance axonal regeneration of spinal cord neurons and improve motor function of the extremities in rats following spinal cord injury.
基金This project was supported by the programs of Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee to XU Xin Yun[JCYJ20170413101713324,JCYJ20190807102205480]Shenzhen Key Medical Discipline Construction Fund[SZXK067].
文摘Objective To investigate the effect of c-fos gene silencing on differentially expressed proteins(DEPs) in human bronchial epithelial(HBE) cells after exposure to fine particulate matter(PM2.5).Methods HBE cells and c-fos-silenced HBE cells were exposed to 50 μg/mL PM2.5, LC-MS/MS and tandem mass tag(TMT) labeling methods were combined with bioinformatics methods, and DEPs and interaction networks were identified.Results In the HBE group, 414 DEPs were screened, of which 227 were up-regulated and 187 downregulated. In the c-fos silenced HBE group, 480 DEPs were screened, including 240 up-regulated proteins and 240 down-regulated proteins. KEGG annotations showed that DEPs in the HBE group are mainly concentrated in the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway and those in the c-fos silenced group are concentrated mainly in endoplasmic reticulum and the processing of proteins. Additionally, the abnormal expression of GPRC5 C, DKK4, and UBE2 C was identified in top 15 DEPs. After constructing the protein interaction network, 20 Hub proteins including HNRNPA2 B1, HNRNPL, RPS15 A, and RPS25 were screened from the HBE group and the c-fos silenced HBE group.Conclusion c-fos gene affected the expression of cancer-related proteins. Our results provided a scientific basis for further study of PM2.5-induced carcinogenesis mechanism.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31671899 and 31871848)。
文摘The NAC(NAM,ATAF,and CUC)family is considered one of the largest families of plant transcription factor,and its members are involved in fruit ripening.Abscisic acid(ABA)has been demonstrated to modulate the fruit ripening process.By applying the virus-induced gene silencing method and next-generation sequencing technology,we conducted a compara-tive analysis of the eff ects of SNAC4(SlNAC48,accession number:NM 001279348.2)and SNAC9(SlNAC19,accession number:XM 004236996.2)on tomato fruit ripening.The results of high-throughput sequencing identified 1262 significant(p<0.05)diff erentially expressed genes(DEGs)in SNAC4-silenced fruit compared to control fruit,while 655 DEGs were identified in SNAC9-silenced fruit.In addition,we selected 26 and 30 significant DEGs(p<0.05 and log 2-fold change>1.0)related to ABA in SNAC4-silenced and SNAC9-silenced tomatoes,respectively,for further analysis.The XET gene and two other genes(E8 and EXP1)were significantly down and upregulated in SNAC4-silenced tomatoes,respectively.However,the PYL9 gene and four other genes(PP2C,CYP707A2,EXPA6,and ACS6)were significantly down and upregulated in SNAC9-silenced tomatoes,respectively.In addition,ten DEGs were selected for use in tests to confirm the accuracy of the transcriptomic results by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).Our results highlight the relationship between SNAC4/9 and ABA in the regulation of tomato ripening,which may help provide a theoretical basis for further research on the mechanisms of tomato fruit ripening and senescence.
基金funded by State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation(NCCIR2023ZZ-10)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172384 and 31501623)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei(C2020204028)the Science and Technology Research Project of Higher Education of Hebei(ZC2023178).
文摘The NAC(NAM,ATAF1/2,and CUC2)is a defense-associated transcription factor(TF)family that positively regulates defense responses to pathogen infection.TaNAC069 positively regulates resistance in wheat to Puccinia triticina(Pt).However,the molecular mechanism of its interaction with a Pt effector is not clear.We found that Pt effector Pt-1234 interacts with TaNAC069 to subvert host immunity during Pt infection.Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that expression of Pt-1234 was significantly upregulated during the early stage of Pt infection.Protein-mediated cell death assays in wheat showed that the Pt-1234 protein was unable to induce cell death in wheat near-isogenic lines carrying different leaf rust resistance genes,whereas it suppressed BAX-induced cell death in leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana.Silencing of Pt-1234 by host-induced gene silencing(HIGS)significantly reduced the virulence of Pt in the susceptible wheat variety Thatcher.The C subdomain of TaNAC069 was responsible for its interaction with Pt-1234,and the E subdomain was required for TaNAC069-mediated defense responses to Pt in planta.These findings indicate that Pt utilizes Pt-1234 to interact with wheat transcription factor TaNAC069 through its C subdomain,thereby modulating wheat immunity.
基金supported by Open Project of the Key Laboratory of Trauma and Orthopedics Research Medicine in Henan Province,No.HZKFKT20220504(to YZ)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.32000877(to YZ)and Open Scientific Research Program of Military Logistics,No.BLB20J009(to YZ)。
文摘Traumatic brain injury and Alzheimer's disease share pathological similarities,including neuronal loss,amyloid-βdeposition,tau hyperphosphorylation,blood-brain barrier dysfunction,neuroinflammation,and cognitive deficits.Furthermore,traumatic brain injury can exacerbate Alzheimer's disease-like pathologies,potentially leading to the development of Alzheimer's disease.Nanocarriers offer a potential solution by facilitating the delive ry of small interfering RNAs across the blood-brain barrier for the targeted silencing of key pathological genes implicated in traumatic brain injury and Alzheimer's disease.U nlike traditional approaches to neuro regeneration,this is a molecula r-targeted strategy,thus avoiding non-specific drug actions.This review focuses on the use of nanocarrier systems for the efficient and precise delive ry of siRNAs,discussing the advantages,challenges,and future directions.In principle,siRNAs have the potential to target all genes and non-targetable protein s,holding significant promise for treating various diseases.Among the various therapeutic approaches currently available for neurological diseases,siRNA gene silencing can precisely"turn off"the expression of any gene at the genetic level,thus radically inhibiting disease progression;however,a significant challenge lies in delivering siRNAs across the blood-brain barrier.Nanoparticles have received increasing attention as an innovative drug delive ry tool fo r the treatment of brain diseases.They are considered a potential therapeutic strategy with the advantages of being able to cross the blood-brain barrier,targeted drug delivery,enhanced drug stability,and multifunctional therapy.The use of nanoparticles to deliver specific modified siRNAs to the injured brain is gradually being recognized as a feasible and effective approach.Although this strategy is still in the preclinical exploration stage,it is expected to achieve clinical translation in the future,creating a new field of molecular targeted therapy and precision medicine for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease associated with traumatic brain injury.
文摘Dear Editor,I am writing in response to the article“Assessment of nurses’workplace silence behavior motives:A cross-sectional study”by Alhojairi et al.published in the September 2024 issue of the International Journal of Nursing Sciences[1].This is a letter written by a nurse with 10 years of clinical work experience and a personal interest in team dynamics.I appreciate the authors'recommendations on mitigating workplace silence among nurses to enhance clinical work development,and I believe their proposals could be expanded further.
文摘The idea of the earthquake (EQ) focus as a coherent electromagnetic (EM) emitter is suggested. This idea elucidates enigmatic properties of the EM voice of the focus: its emission is not continuous, occurring periodically in flashes, which are structured as the pulses occurring in bursts;the EM activity increases starting approximately two weeks before the EQ and becomes very weak or completely disappears one day before the EQ (gap of silence). The mechanism of coherency starts with electric discharges of any mini-cracks as a mini-capacitor, which generates EM waves;the latter induces discharges of other cracks, multiplying the amplitude of the wave and creating the pulse of seismic EM signal. It is an avalanche-like mechanism of coherency, which transforms even weak EM signals into intensive EM seismic flashes.
文摘In the context of Michel Serres'and posthumanism's proposal of rethinking the human and the world in a perspective of universal co-belonging,silence(of the human word)assumes the function of a catalyst for the recognition of the human body in its aesthetic,cognitive,relational,and hybrid dimensionality,and of the world in its agency(including artistic).Within this framework,the contribution proposes a reading of art as a relation and catalyzer of relations,that is,as a(re)activation of positive relations of the human with a world that reveals itself to be increasingly hyper-complex.Taking Serresian ideas on artistic practices as not(only)human forms of expression and some posthumanist"isomorphic"positions on non-human agency as tools,the research then highlights the more-than-human scope of art.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82070872 and No.82370854 to JXL)Innovative and Entrepreneurial Team of Jiangsu Province(No.JSSCTD2021 to JXL)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M741790 to JP)Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(2023ZB558 to JP).
文摘Researchers commonly use cyclization recombination enzyme/locus of X-over P1(Cre/loxP)technology-based conditional gene knockouts of model mice to investigate the functional roles of genes of interest in Sertoli and Leydig cells within the testis.However,the shortcomings of these genetic tools include high costs,lengthy experimental periods,and limited accessibility for researchers.Therefore,exploring alternative gene silencing techniques is of great practical value.In this study,we employed adeno-associated virus(AAV)as a vector for gene silencing in Sertoli and Leydig cells.Our findings demonstrated that AAV serotypes 1,8,and 9 exhibited high infection efficiency in both types of testis cells.Importantly,we discovered that all three AAV serotypes exhibited exquisite specificity in targeting Sertoli cells via tubular injection while demonstrating remarkable selectivity in targeting Leydig cells via interstitial injection.We achieved cell-specific knockouts of the steroidogenic acute regulatory(Star)and luteinizing hormone/human chorionic gonadotropin receptor(Lhcgr)genes in Leydig cells,but not in Sertoli cells,using AAV9-single guide RNA(sgRNA)-mediated gene editing in Rosa26-LSL-Cas9mice.Knockdown of androgen receptor(Ar)gene expression in Sertoli cells of wild-type mice was achieved via tubular injection of AAV9-short hairpinRNA(shRNA)-mediated targeting.Our findings offer technical approaches for investigating gene function in Sertoli and Leydig cells through AAV9-mediated gene silencing.
基金supported by CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(No.2021-I2M-1-026,China).
文摘Gliomas are the most common intracranial tumors with poor survival and high mortality.Furthermore,the clinical efficacy of current drugs is still not ideal;despite the development of several therapeutic drugs over the past decades and tumor progression or recurrence is inevitable in many patients.RNAibased therapy presents a novel disease-related gene targeting therapy,including otherwise undruggable genes,and generates therapeutic options.However,the therapeutic effect of siRNA is hindered by multiple biological barriers,primarily the blood-brain barrier(BBB).A glycoprotein-derived peptide-mediated delivery system is the preferred option to resolve this phenomenon.RDP,a polypeptide composed of 15 amino acids derived from rabies virus glycoprotein(RVG),possesses an N-type acetylcholine receptor(nAChR)-binding efficiency similar to that of RVG29.Given its lower cost and small particle size when used as a ligand,RDP should be extensively evaluated.First,we verified the brain-targeting efficacyy of RDP at the cellular and animal levels and further explored the possibility of using the RDP-oligoarginine peptide(designated RDP-5R)as a bio-safe vehicle to deliver therapeutic siRNA into glioma cells in vitro and in vivo.The polypeptide carrier possesses a diblock design composed of oligoarginine for binding siRNA through electrostatic interactions and RDP for cascade BBB-and glioma cell-targeting.The results indicated that RDP-R5/siRNA nanoparticles exhibited stable and suitable physicochemical properties for in vivo application,desirable glioma-targeting effects,and therapeutic efficiency.As a novel and efficient polypeptide carrier,RDP-based polypeptides hold great promise as a noninvasive,safe,and efficient treatment for various brain diseases.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFB3800900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51925305)the talent cultivation project Funds for the Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(No.HRTP[2022]52)。
文摘The occurrence,development,and metastasis of tumors often entail abnormal expression of genetic substances.Monitoring and regulating changes in intracellular nucleic acid substances hold promise for achieving accurate tumor diagnosis and effective treatment.However,the effectiveness of integrated tumor diagnosis and treatment based on functional nucleic acids still needs to be improved.In this study,we engineered a multifunctional nucleic acid delivery system grounded in a cationic covalent organic framework carrier.This system not only showcases effective gene silencing but also boasts high sensitivity in detecting miR21 levels within tumor cells,enabling real-time monitoring of tumor gene therapy efficacy.The construction of this integrated functional nucleic acid delivery platform provides new ideas for precise tumor detection and effective tumor treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31471434)。
文摘Background Mepiquat chloride(MC)is a widely used plant growth regulator in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.).It regulates endogenous hormone content and crosstalk to control plant height and promote lateral root(LR)development.However,the roles of cytokinins(CTKs)in the MC-induced increase in LR number in cotton seedlings remain unclear.Therefore,in this study,whole-genome transcriptome analysis was performed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms,CTK transformation,and CTK signaling pathway response to MC in cotton roots.Results In the present study,MC reduced the contents of the active CTK trans-zeatin(tZ)and N^(6)-isopentenyladenine(iP)but increased the levels of the nucleoside CTK trans-zeatin riboside(tZR)and N^(6)-isopentenyladenine riboside(iPR).RNA-seq data showed that the CTK biosynthesis genes GhIPTs and active CTK catabolism genes GhCKXs were obviously upregulated after MC treatment.The CTK-activating enzyme gene GhLOGs was repressed compared with the control.Furthermore,MC inhibited the expression of GhAHK4 and GhARR2/12,which are involved in the CTK signaling pathway,and activated the IAA-IAA14-ARF7/19 signaling module.Meanwhile,MC increased the expression levels of genes involved in sucrose synthesis,the cell cycle,cell division,and cell wall biosynthesis pathways.Silencing the GhCKX family separately decreased the LR number and active indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)level.The expression levels of GhPIN1,GhARF7,GhARF19,GhLBD16,GhLBD18,GhLBD29,and GhLBD33 were downregulated,but GhARR2/12 and GhIAA14 were upregulated.The total content of active CTKs was noticeably increased.The results of silencing the GhLOGs family were opposite to those of silencing GhCKXs.Silencing GhARR12 could upregulate GhPIN1 expression and increase LR number.In addition,the silenced GhCKXs,GhLOGs,and GhARR12 were less responsive to MCinduced LR growth than the control.Conclusion These results suggested that MC treatment could upregulate CTK-nucleoside biosynthesis and CTK metabolism genes to decrease active CTK levels,promoting crosstalk between CTKs and auxin signaling pathways to enhance LR initiation.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32160615).
文摘Background Verticillium dahliae,a soil-borne fungi,can cause Verticillium wilt,and seriously diminish the yield and quality of cotton.However,the pathogenic mechanism of V.dahliae is complex and not clearly understood at the moment.This study aimed to identify the high-affinity nicotinic acid transporter genes in V.dahliae.The gene expression profiles in V.dahliae following sensing of root exudates from susceptible and resistant cotton varieties were analyzed.The function of VdNAT1 in the pathogenic process of V.dahliae was studied using the tobacco rattle virus(TRV)-based host-induced gene silencing(HIGS)technique.Results Eight high-affinity nicotinic acid transporter genes were identified from V.dahliae through the bioinformatics method.Each protein contains a conserved major facilitator superfamily(MFS)domain,which belongs to the MFS superfamily.Evolutionary relationship analysis revealed that all 8 genes belong to the anion:cation symporter(ACS)subfamily.All proteins have transmembrane domains,ranging from 7 to 12.The expression levels of most VdNAT genes were significantly increased after induction by root exudates from susceptible cotton varieties.Silencing VdNAT1 gene by HIGS significantly inhibited the accumulation of fungal biomass in cotton plants,and alleviated the disease symptoms of cotton.Conclusions Eight VdNAT genes were identified from V.dahliae,and most VdNAT genes was up-regulated after induced by root exudates from susceptible cotton variety.In addition,VdNAT1 is required for the pathogenicity of V.dahliae.Overall,these findings will facilitate the pathogenic molecular mechanism of V.dahliae and provide candidate genes.
文摘In the article“Silencing of the long non-coding RNA LINC00265 triggers autophagy and apoptosis in lung cancer by reducing protein stability of SIN3A oncogene”(Oncology Research.2024,Vol.32,No.7,pp.1185–1195.doi:10.32604/or.2023.030771,https://www.techscience.com/or/v32n7/57163),an inadvertent error occurred during the compilation of Fig.3H.This needed corrections to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data presented.
基金Supported by New Century Excellent Talents in University(NCET-04-0908)Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(IRT0453)of the Chinese Ministry of Educationthe Hi-Tech Researchand Development Program(863)of China(2006AA10Z1F8).
文摘The high molecular weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GSs)are a major class of common wheat storage proteins.The breadmaking quality of common wheat flour is influenced by the composition of HMW-GSs.In the present study,two unexpressed 1 By genes from Triticum aesitvum L.ssp.yunnanese AS332 and T.aesitvum ssp.tibetanurn AS908 were respectively cloned and characterized.The results indicated that both of the silenced 1By genes in AS332 and AS908 were 1Byg.In contrast to previously reported mechanisms for silenced genes lAx and lay,which was due to the insertion of transposon elements or the presence of premature stop codon via base substitution of C→T transition in trinucleotides CAA or CAG,the silence of 1By9 genes was caused by premature stop codons via the deletion of base A in trinucleotide CA.A,which lead to frameshift mutation and indirectly produced several premature stop codons(TAG)downstream of the coding sequence.
基金supported by the Henan Province Science and Technology Research Project, China (Grant No. 242102110232)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31801677)the Major Program of Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research, China (Grant No. 2019B030302006)。
文摘Rice sheath blight, caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA, is a major disease in rice-growing areas worldwide. Effectors of phytopathogenic fungi play important roles during the infection process of fungal pathogens onto their host plants. However, the molecular mechanisms by which R. solani effectors regulate rice immunity are not well understood. Through prediction, 78 candidate effector molecules were identified. Using the tobacco rattle virus-host induced gene silencing(TRV-HIGS) system, 45 RNAi constructs of effector genes were infiltrated into Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. The results revealed that eight of these constructs resulted in a significant reduction in necrosis caused by infection with the AG1-IA strain GD-118. Additionally, stable rice transformants carrying the double-stranded RNA construct for one of the effector genes, AGLIP1, were generated to further verify the function of this gene. The suppression of the AGLIP1 gene increased the resistance of both N. benthamiana and rice against GD-118, and also affected the growth rate of GD-118, indicating that AGLIP1 is a key pathogenic factor. Small RNA sequencing showed that the HIGS vectors were processed into si RNAs within the plants and then translocated to the fungi, leading to the silencing of the target genes. As a result, AGLIP1 might be an excellent candidate for HIGS, thereby enhancing crop resistance against the pathogen and contributing to the control of R. solani infection.
基金funded by the Scientific&Technological Innovative Research Team of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2021TD-34)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32172582,316721465)+1 种基金Agricultural Key Science and Technology Program of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2021NY-086)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2018JM3023).
文摘Plant basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH)transcription factors(TFs)play central roles in various abiotic stresses.However,its role in plant cold resistance is largely unknown.Previously,we characterised CaNAC035 in pepper,which positively regulates tolerance to cold,salt and drought stresses tolerance.Here,we identified CabHLH035,a CaNAC035-interacting protein in pepper.To explore its functions in cold stress tolerance,we silenced the gene in pepper via virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS)and overexpressed the gene in Arabidopsis.The results showed that CabHLH035 expression was induced by cold treatment,and silencing of CabHLH035 decreased cold stress tolerance.Conversely,overexpression of CabHLH035 in Arabidopsis increased cold stress tolerance.To investigate homologs genes of C-repeat binding factor(CBF)pathway proteins and reactive oxygen species(ROS)marker gene expression blocking by CabHLH035,we performed yeast one-hybrid(Y1H),dual luciferase and electrophoretic mobility shift assay experiments.The results showed that CabHLH035 bound to the region upstream of the CaCBF1A and CaAPX promoters.Additionally,CaCBF1A bound to the CaDHN4 promoter.Taken together,our results showed that CabHLH035 plays a crucial role in cold stress tolerance and its potential as a target for breeding cold-resistant crops.The findings provide a basis for studying the functions and regulatory network of cold stress tolerance in pepper.
基金supported by the fund for National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD2301203-05)the BTNYGG,China(NYHXGG,2023AA102)the Key Programs for Science and Technology Development of Shihezi City,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,China(2022NY01)。
文摘Verticillium dahliae causes significant losses in cotton production.To reveal the mechanism of the defense response to V.dahliae in cotton,transcriptomic analyses were performed using cotton cultivars M138(V.dahliae-resistant)and P2(V.dahliae-susceptible).The results revealed 11,076 and 6,640 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in response to V.dahliae,respectively.The weighted gene co-expression network analysis of 4,633 transcription factors(TFs)indicated a“MEblue”module containing 654 TFs that strongly correlate with resistance to V.dahliae.Among these TFs,the ethylene response factor Ghi_A05G10166(GhERF91)was identified as a putative hub gene with a defense response against V.dahliae.A virus-induced gene silencing assay and exogenous application of ethephon showed that GhERF91 is activated by ethylene and positively regulates the response to V.dahliae exposure in cotton.This study provides fundamental transcriptome data and a putative causal gene(GhERF91)associated with resistance to V.dahliae,as well as genetic resources for breeding V.dahliae-resistant cotton.
