Dear Editor,I am writing in response to the article“Assessment of nurses’workplace silence behavior motives:A cross-sectional study”by Alhojairi et al.published in the September 2024 issue of the International Jour...Dear Editor,I am writing in response to the article“Assessment of nurses’workplace silence behavior motives:A cross-sectional study”by Alhojairi et al.published in the September 2024 issue of the International Journal of Nursing Sciences[1].This is a letter written by a nurse with 10 years of clinical work experience and a personal interest in team dynamics.I appreciate the authors'recommendations on mitigating workplace silence among nurses to enhance clinical work development,and I believe their proposals could be expanded further.展开更多
In the context of Michel Serres'and posthumanism's proposal of rethinking the human and the world in a perspective of universal co-belonging,silence(of the human word)assumes the function of a catalyst for the...In the context of Michel Serres'and posthumanism's proposal of rethinking the human and the world in a perspective of universal co-belonging,silence(of the human word)assumes the function of a catalyst for the recognition of the human body in its aesthetic,cognitive,relational,and hybrid dimensionality,and of the world in its agency(including artistic).Within this framework,the contribution proposes a reading of art as a relation and catalyzer of relations,that is,as a(re)activation of positive relations of the human with a world that reveals itself to be increasingly hyper-complex.Taking Serresian ideas on artistic practices as not(only)human forms of expression and some posthumanist"isomorphic"positions on non-human agency as tools,the research then highlights the more-than-human scope of art.展开更多
Researchers commonly use cyclization recombination enzyme/locus of X-over P1(Cre/loxP)technology-based conditional gene knockouts of model mice to investigate the functional roles of genes of interest in Sertoli and L...Researchers commonly use cyclization recombination enzyme/locus of X-over P1(Cre/loxP)technology-based conditional gene knockouts of model mice to investigate the functional roles of genes of interest in Sertoli and Leydig cells within the testis.However,the shortcomings of these genetic tools include high costs,lengthy experimental periods,and limited accessibility for researchers.Therefore,exploring alternative gene silencing techniques is of great practical value.In this study,we employed adeno-associated virus(AAV)as a vector for gene silencing in Sertoli and Leydig cells.Our findings demonstrated that AAV serotypes 1,8,and 9 exhibited high infection efficiency in both types of testis cells.Importantly,we discovered that all three AAV serotypes exhibited exquisite specificity in targeting Sertoli cells via tubular injection while demonstrating remarkable selectivity in targeting Leydig cells via interstitial injection.We achieved cell-specific knockouts of the steroidogenic acute regulatory(Star)and luteinizing hormone/human chorionic gonadotropin receptor(Lhcgr)genes in Leydig cells,but not in Sertoli cells,using AAV9-single guide RNA(sgRNA)-mediated gene editing in Rosa26-LSL-Cas9mice.Knockdown of androgen receptor(Ar)gene expression in Sertoli cells of wild-type mice was achieved via tubular injection of AAV9-short hairpinRNA(shRNA)-mediated targeting.Our findings offer technical approaches for investigating gene function in Sertoli and Leydig cells through AAV9-mediated gene silencing.展开更多
The occurrence,development,and metastasis of tumors often entail abnormal expression of genetic substances.Monitoring and regulating changes in intracellular nucleic acid substances hold promise for achieving accurate...The occurrence,development,and metastasis of tumors often entail abnormal expression of genetic substances.Monitoring and regulating changes in intracellular nucleic acid substances hold promise for achieving accurate tumor diagnosis and effective treatment.However,the effectiveness of integrated tumor diagnosis and treatment based on functional nucleic acids still needs to be improved.In this study,we engineered a multifunctional nucleic acid delivery system grounded in a cationic covalent organic framework carrier.This system not only showcases effective gene silencing but also boasts high sensitivity in detecting miR21 levels within tumor cells,enabling real-time monitoring of tumor gene therapy efficacy.The construction of this integrated functional nucleic acid delivery platform provides new ideas for precise tumor detection and effective tumor treatment.展开更多
This study explores the multifaceted dynamics of silence among Englishas an Additional Language(EAL)learners in Grade 1 STEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,and Mathematics)classrooms throughnarrative inquiry methodolo...This study explores the multifaceted dynamics of silence among Englishas an Additional Language(EAL)learners in Grade 1 STEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,and Mathematics)classrooms throughnarrative inquiry methodology.Drawing on four weeks of teachingpracticum observations,the findings reveal that silence operates not asdisengagement but as cognitive engagement,cultural negotiation,identity management,and emotional self-regulation.Classroom silence,influenced by cultural communication norms,strategic agency,andemotional safety needs,highlights the inadequacy of traditional modelsof verbal participation.By positioning silence as a legitimate form ofparticipation,the study argues for culturally sustaining pedagogicalpractices that validate multimodal and non-verbal student contributions.Insights are also connected to challenges and opportunities in China'semerging inquiry-based STEM education efforts.This research advancesunderstandings of inclusive participation and offers pedagogicalrecommendations for linguistically diverse classrooms.展开更多
In the article“Silencing of the long non-coding RNA LINC00265 triggers autophagy and apoptosis in lung cancer by reducing protein stability of SIN3A oncogene”(Oncology Research.2024,Vol.32,No.7,pp.1185–1195.doi:10....In the article“Silencing of the long non-coding RNA LINC00265 triggers autophagy and apoptosis in lung cancer by reducing protein stability of SIN3A oncogene”(Oncology Research.2024,Vol.32,No.7,pp.1185–1195.doi:10.32604/or.2023.030771,https://www.techscience.com/or/v32n7/57163),an inadvertent error occurred during the compilation of Fig.3H.This needed corrections to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data presented.展开更多
Since transgene silencing was found in transgenic plants,many scholars have studied it extensively and considered that it has three functional mechanisms:post dependent gene silencing,transcriptional gene silencing,p...Since transgene silencing was found in transgenic plants,many scholars have studied it extensively and considered that it has three functional mechanisms:post dependent gene silencing,transcriptional gene silencing,post transcriptional gene silencing.At the moment,people have mainly focused on the study of post transcriptional gene silencing and found its features:extensivity,conduction and peculiarity,also put forward some hypothesis for its mechanisms,for example,RNA threshold model,aberrant RNA model,inter or intra molecular base pairing model and so on.Furthermore,post transcriptional gene silencing is being applied in gene engineering of plants.Recently the people have found that post transcriptional gene silencing has bearing on capacity plants resisting virus.Many researchers have studied post transcriptional gene silencing,but there are some questions which need be solved in the future.This article summarizes progresses in features,mechanisms,applies of post transcriptional gene silencing about transgenic plants.展开更多
[Objective]The aim was to compare the silencing effect of three vectors containing shRNA quartet of different lengths at cellular level and individual level.[Method]To silence EGFP gene,three shRNA quartets of 21,27 a...[Objective]The aim was to compare the silencing effect of three vectors containing shRNA quartet of different lengths at cellular level and individual level.[Method]To silence EGFP gene,three shRNA quartets of 21,27 and 29 bp composed of hU6,mU6,h7SK and hH1 promoters were constructed and then cloned into silencing vectors.After the vectors were transfected into Vero cells or injected into mouse muscle,real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was conducted to detect the mRNA level of EGFP gene.[Result]All the three vectors showed better silencing effect;in which,the silencing effect at the cellular level was far higher than that at individual level.[Conclusion]Multi-site tandem expression shRNA may show better silencing effect;intramuscular injection maybe a transgenic method for baby mouse.展开更多
Rice blast disease is one of the most devastating diseases in rice production,which severely affects the high and stable yield of rice.The formation of appressorium plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Magnaporthe ...Rice blast disease is one of the most devastating diseases in rice production,which severely affects the high and stable yield of rice.The formation of appressorium plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Magnaporthe grisea in rice.It has been confirmed that a P-type ATPase （P-ATPase） is involved in the formation of appressorium.A number of small molecular substances are able to enter the pathogen from the host during the interactions between pathogens and hosts,thus resisting the infection of pathogens.In this study,a 232 bp DNA sequence with good specificity from the first exon of P-ATPase gene MgAPT2 was used as an interference fragment and was inserted into interference vector forward and reversely.The interfering vector was then transformed into rice blast-susceptible rice variety Nipponbare via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.Identification of rice plants inoculated with M.grisea at the seedling stage and detection of the expression level of P-ATPase gene MgAPT2 showed that the expression level of MgAPT2 gene in transgenic plants was reduced and the rice blast resistance was improved.This study provided a new way for the innovation of rice germplasm resources resistant to rice blast disease.展开更多
Toni Morrison has made great achievements in American literary history. In her famous work Sula, motherhood is an essential theme which has attracted public attention. This essay interprets the abnormal maternal love ...Toni Morrison has made great achievements in American literary history. In her famous work Sula, motherhood is an essential theme which has attracted public attention. This essay interprets the abnormal maternal love provided by silenced black mothers in Sula and the ways for black women to break the silence.展开更多
Silence, as a form of nonverbal communication, may be interpreted in various ways depending upon the culture. The purpose of this study is to explain misunderstanding concerned with the uses of silence in conversation...Silence, as a form of nonverbal communication, may be interpreted in various ways depending upon the culture. The purpose of this study is to explain misunderstanding concerned with the uses of silence in conversations situated in different cultural backgrounds, and then give possible methods to avoid it. The explanation is mainly based on the two categories related to the context posed by Edward Hall： high-context culture ＆ low-context culture. In this part, the study also contrasts distinct verbal styles in America ＆ Japan, in addition, it analyses different attitudes towards silence from three aspects： traditional value, religion and power distance. At end, the study is concluded with four solutions that try to solve the problem.展开更多
Non-native-English-speaking (NNS) students' silent and reticent behaviour,which make the EAP (English for Academic Purpose) class seem ineffective and boring,might be unfavourably evaluated by a native English spe...Non-native-English-speaking (NNS) students' silent and reticent behaviour,which make the EAP (English for Academic Purpose) class seem ineffective and boring,might be unfavourably evaluated by a native English speaker of Western culture. By giving an overview of international students' inactive participation in the classroom,which prevents teachers from Western culture making a proper judgement on study mood,this paper will explore culturally based perceptions of international students' silent and reticent behaviour in the EAP classroom,and analyse the reasons behind NNS students' silent reaction.展开更多
The optimization of the acoustic silencer volume is very important to develop it and to get high-performance,the importance of the silencer was appeared in industrial field to eliminate the noise of the duct by effici...The optimization of the acoustic silencer volume is very important to develop it and to get high-performance,the importance of the silencer was appeared in industrial field to eliminate the noise of the duct by efficient and economical method.The main goal of this research is to optimize the transmission loss(TL)by analytical method of the Double-Chamber Silencer(DCS),the TL has been selected as the main parameter in silencer because it does not based on the source or the termination impedances.First we calculated the power transmission coefficient(PTC)and the TL of an acoustic silencer,then used the Lagrange method to optimize the silencer length.All calculation of silencer data is obtained by solving the governing equations in commercial software Matlab®.A several calculations for different silencer length at many frequency ranges were performed simultaneously.Finally,this research supports the efficient and rapid techniques for DCS optimal design under narrow space.The results show that the acoustic TL is maximized at the desired frequency.展开更多
Silence,as a type of non-verbal communication,expresses special meanings of the speakers.The core of this study is focused on the functions of silence in conversations from the famous American TV series Prison Break(S...Silence,as a type of non-verbal communication,expresses special meanings of the speakers.The core of this study is focused on the functions of silence in conversations from the famous American TV series Prison Break(Season I),in order to reveal that silence,as an important tool in human communication,has richness of meaning and complexity of use.展开更多
Traditionally, silence is regarded as an absence, inaction, emptiness, or inferiority, but it figures in Woolf's novels as a presence, power, creativity, and superiority, and infused with a new psychic and narrati...Traditionally, silence is regarded as an absence, inaction, emptiness, or inferiority, but it figures in Woolf's novels as a presence, power, creativity, and superiority, and infused with a new psychic and narrative life. The present paper will examine Woolf's expression of silence in her masterpiece To the Lighthouse to reveal the power of silence.展开更多
This study is aimed at the common classroom silence phenomenon in contemporary college English class. First of all, thispaper explains the meaning of silence from the pragmatic point of view, and takes the students in...This study is aimed at the common classroom silence phenomenon in contemporary college English class. First of all, thispaper explains the meaning of silence from the pragmatic point of view, and takes the students in the Xi’an Innovation College ofYan’an University for instance. Based on a questionnaire survey of 200 students in the Xi’an Innovation College of Yan’an Univer-sity, the reasons are analyzed from two perspectives of teachers and students. This paper makes an analysis of all kinds of factors,so as to put forward effective solutions to eliminate the classroom silence.展开更多
This paper makes a study of silence from cross-culture perspective and holds that silence is an indispensable component of human communication without which the proper decoding of the information would be impossible.
Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a recently developed technique for characterizing the function of plant genes by gene transcript suppression and is increasingly used to generate transient loss-of-function assay...Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a recently developed technique for characterizing the function of plant genes by gene transcript suppression and is increasingly used to generate transient loss-of-function assays. Here we report that the 2mDNA1, a geminivirus satellite vector, can induce efficient gene silencing in Nicotiana tabacum with Tobacco curly shoot virus. We have successfully silenced the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene in GUS transgenic N. tabacum plants and the sulphur desaturase (Su) gene in five different N. tabacum cultivars. These pronounced and severe silencing phenotypes are persistent and ubiquitous. Once initiated in seedlings, the silencing phenotype lasted for the entire life span of the plants and silencing could be induced in a variety of tissues and organs including leaf, shoot, stem, root, and flower, and achieved at any growth stage. This system works well between 18-32°C. We also silenced the NtEDS1 gene and demonstrated that NtEDS1 is essential for N gene mediated resistance against Tobacco mosaic virus in N. tabacum. The above results indicate that this system has great potential as a versatile VIGS system for routine functional analysis of genes in N. tabacum.展开更多
Inhibition of neurite growth, which is in large part mediated by the Nogo-66 receptor, affects neural regeneration following bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. The tissue engineering scaffold poly（D,L...Inhibition of neurite growth, which is in large part mediated by the Nogo-66 receptor, affects neural regeneration following bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. The tissue engineering scaffold poly（D,L-lactide-co-glycolic acid） has good histocompatibility and can promote the growth of regenerating nerve fibers. The present study used small interfering RNA to silence Nogo-66 receptor gene expression in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and Schwann cells, which were subsequently transplanted with poly（D,L-lactide-co-glycolic acid） into the spinal cord lesion regions in rats. Simultaneously, rats treated with scaffold only were taken as the control group. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry revealed that at 4 weeks after transplantation, rats had good motor function of the hind limb after treatment with Nogo-66 receptor gene-silenced ceils prus the poly（O,L-lactide-co-glycolic acid） scaffold compared with rats treated with scaffold only, and the number of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and neuron-like cells was also increased. At 8 weeks after transplantation, horseradish peroxidase tracing and transmission electron microscopy showed a large number of unmyelinated and myelinated nerve fibers, as well as intact regenerating axonal myelin sheath following spinal cord hemisection injury. These experimental findings indicate that transplantation of Nogo-66 receptor gene-silenced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and Schwann cells plus a poly（D,L-lactide-co-glycolic acid） scaffold can significantly enhance axonal regeneration of spinal cord neurons and improve motor function of the extremities in rats following spinal cord injury.展开更多
文摘Dear Editor,I am writing in response to the article“Assessment of nurses’workplace silence behavior motives:A cross-sectional study”by Alhojairi et al.published in the September 2024 issue of the International Journal of Nursing Sciences[1].This is a letter written by a nurse with 10 years of clinical work experience and a personal interest in team dynamics.I appreciate the authors'recommendations on mitigating workplace silence among nurses to enhance clinical work development,and I believe their proposals could be expanded further.
文摘In the context of Michel Serres'and posthumanism's proposal of rethinking the human and the world in a perspective of universal co-belonging,silence(of the human word)assumes the function of a catalyst for the recognition of the human body in its aesthetic,cognitive,relational,and hybrid dimensionality,and of the world in its agency(including artistic).Within this framework,the contribution proposes a reading of art as a relation and catalyzer of relations,that is,as a(re)activation of positive relations of the human with a world that reveals itself to be increasingly hyper-complex.Taking Serresian ideas on artistic practices as not(only)human forms of expression and some posthumanist"isomorphic"positions on non-human agency as tools,the research then highlights the more-than-human scope of art.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82070872 and No.82370854 to JXL)Innovative and Entrepreneurial Team of Jiangsu Province(No.JSSCTD2021 to JXL)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M741790 to JP)Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(2023ZB558 to JP).
文摘Researchers commonly use cyclization recombination enzyme/locus of X-over P1(Cre/loxP)technology-based conditional gene knockouts of model mice to investigate the functional roles of genes of interest in Sertoli and Leydig cells within the testis.However,the shortcomings of these genetic tools include high costs,lengthy experimental periods,and limited accessibility for researchers.Therefore,exploring alternative gene silencing techniques is of great practical value.In this study,we employed adeno-associated virus(AAV)as a vector for gene silencing in Sertoli and Leydig cells.Our findings demonstrated that AAV serotypes 1,8,and 9 exhibited high infection efficiency in both types of testis cells.Importantly,we discovered that all three AAV serotypes exhibited exquisite specificity in targeting Sertoli cells via tubular injection while demonstrating remarkable selectivity in targeting Leydig cells via interstitial injection.We achieved cell-specific knockouts of the steroidogenic acute regulatory(Star)and luteinizing hormone/human chorionic gonadotropin receptor(Lhcgr)genes in Leydig cells,but not in Sertoli cells,using AAV9-single guide RNA(sgRNA)-mediated gene editing in Rosa26-LSL-Cas9mice.Knockdown of androgen receptor(Ar)gene expression in Sertoli cells of wild-type mice was achieved via tubular injection of AAV9-short hairpinRNA(shRNA)-mediated targeting.Our findings offer technical approaches for investigating gene function in Sertoli and Leydig cells through AAV9-mediated gene silencing.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFB3800900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51925305)the talent cultivation project Funds for the Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(No.HRTP[2022]52)。
文摘The occurrence,development,and metastasis of tumors often entail abnormal expression of genetic substances.Monitoring and regulating changes in intracellular nucleic acid substances hold promise for achieving accurate tumor diagnosis and effective treatment.However,the effectiveness of integrated tumor diagnosis and treatment based on functional nucleic acids still needs to be improved.In this study,we engineered a multifunctional nucleic acid delivery system grounded in a cationic covalent organic framework carrier.This system not only showcases effective gene silencing but also boasts high sensitivity in detecting miR21 levels within tumor cells,enabling real-time monitoring of tumor gene therapy efficacy.The construction of this integrated functional nucleic acid delivery platform provides new ideas for precise tumor detection and effective tumor treatment.
文摘This study explores the multifaceted dynamics of silence among Englishas an Additional Language(EAL)learners in Grade 1 STEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,and Mathematics)classrooms throughnarrative inquiry methodology.Drawing on four weeks of teachingpracticum observations,the findings reveal that silence operates not asdisengagement but as cognitive engagement,cultural negotiation,identity management,and emotional self-regulation.Classroom silence,influenced by cultural communication norms,strategic agency,andemotional safety needs,highlights the inadequacy of traditional modelsof verbal participation.By positioning silence as a legitimate form ofparticipation,the study argues for culturally sustaining pedagogicalpractices that validate multimodal and non-verbal student contributions.Insights are also connected to challenges and opportunities in China'semerging inquiry-based STEM education efforts.This research advancesunderstandings of inclusive participation and offers pedagogicalrecommendations for linguistically diverse classrooms.
文摘In the article“Silencing of the long non-coding RNA LINC00265 triggers autophagy and apoptosis in lung cancer by reducing protein stability of SIN3A oncogene”(Oncology Research.2024,Vol.32,No.7,pp.1185–1195.doi:10.32604/or.2023.030771,https://www.techscience.com/or/v32n7/57163),an inadvertent error occurred during the compilation of Fig.3H.This needed corrections to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data presented.
文摘Since transgene silencing was found in transgenic plants,many scholars have studied it extensively and considered that it has three functional mechanisms:post dependent gene silencing,transcriptional gene silencing,post transcriptional gene silencing.At the moment,people have mainly focused on the study of post transcriptional gene silencing and found its features:extensivity,conduction and peculiarity,also put forward some hypothesis for its mechanisms,for example,RNA threshold model,aberrant RNA model,inter or intra molecular base pairing model and so on.Furthermore,post transcriptional gene silencing is being applied in gene engineering of plants.Recently the people have found that post transcriptional gene silencing has bearing on capacity plants resisting virus.Many researchers have studied post transcriptional gene silencing,but there are some questions which need be solved in the future.This article summarizes progresses in features,mechanisms,applies of post transcriptional gene silencing about transgenic plants.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30671495)Project for Breeding New Varieties(2008ZX08006-003)+1 种基金Project for Breeding New Varieties(2009ZX08011-030B)International Cooperation Project(2009BFA012)~~
文摘[Objective]The aim was to compare the silencing effect of three vectors containing shRNA quartet of different lengths at cellular level and individual level.[Method]To silence EGFP gene,three shRNA quartets of 21,27 and 29 bp composed of hU6,mU6,h7SK and hH1 promoters were constructed and then cloned into silencing vectors.After the vectors were transfected into Vero cells or injected into mouse muscle,real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was conducted to detect the mRNA level of EGFP gene.[Result]All the three vectors showed better silencing effect;in which,the silencing effect at the cellular level was far higher than that at individual level.[Conclusion]Multi-site tandem expression shRNA may show better silencing effect;intramuscular injection maybe a transgenic method for baby mouse.
基金Supported by International Cooperation Project of Jiangsu Province(BZ2011039)Agricultural Technology Independent Innovation Fund of Jiangsu Province[CX(12)2024]~~
文摘Rice blast disease is one of the most devastating diseases in rice production,which severely affects the high and stable yield of rice.The formation of appressorium plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Magnaporthe grisea in rice.It has been confirmed that a P-type ATPase （P-ATPase） is involved in the formation of appressorium.A number of small molecular substances are able to enter the pathogen from the host during the interactions between pathogens and hosts,thus resisting the infection of pathogens.In this study,a 232 bp DNA sequence with good specificity from the first exon of P-ATPase gene MgAPT2 was used as an interference fragment and was inserted into interference vector forward and reversely.The interfering vector was then transformed into rice blast-susceptible rice variety Nipponbare via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.Identification of rice plants inoculated with M.grisea at the seedling stage and detection of the expression level of P-ATPase gene MgAPT2 showed that the expression level of MgAPT2 gene in transgenic plants was reduced and the rice blast resistance was improved.This study provided a new way for the innovation of rice germplasm resources resistant to rice blast disease.
文摘Toni Morrison has made great achievements in American literary history. In her famous work Sula, motherhood is an essential theme which has attracted public attention. This essay interprets the abnormal maternal love provided by silenced black mothers in Sula and the ways for black women to break the silence.
文摘Silence, as a form of nonverbal communication, may be interpreted in various ways depending upon the culture. The purpose of this study is to explain misunderstanding concerned with the uses of silence in conversations situated in different cultural backgrounds, and then give possible methods to avoid it. The explanation is mainly based on the two categories related to the context posed by Edward Hall： high-context culture ＆ low-context culture. In this part, the study also contrasts distinct verbal styles in America ＆ Japan, in addition, it analyses different attitudes towards silence from three aspects： traditional value, religion and power distance. At end, the study is concluded with four solutions that try to solve the problem.
文摘Non-native-English-speaking (NNS) students' silent and reticent behaviour,which make the EAP (English for Academic Purpose) class seem ineffective and boring,might be unfavourably evaluated by a native English speaker of Western culture. By giving an overview of international students' inactive participation in the classroom,which prevents teachers from Western culture making a proper judgement on study mood,this paper will explore culturally based perceptions of international students' silent and reticent behaviour in the EAP classroom,and analyse the reasons behind NNS students' silent reaction.
文摘The optimization of the acoustic silencer volume is very important to develop it and to get high-performance,the importance of the silencer was appeared in industrial field to eliminate the noise of the duct by efficient and economical method.The main goal of this research is to optimize the transmission loss(TL)by analytical method of the Double-Chamber Silencer(DCS),the TL has been selected as the main parameter in silencer because it does not based on the source or the termination impedances.First we calculated the power transmission coefficient(PTC)and the TL of an acoustic silencer,then used the Lagrange method to optimize the silencer length.All calculation of silencer data is obtained by solving the governing equations in commercial software Matlab®.A several calculations for different silencer length at many frequency ranges were performed simultaneously.Finally,this research supports the efficient and rapid techniques for DCS optimal design under narrow space.The results show that the acoustic TL is maximized at the desired frequency.
文摘Silence,as a type of non-verbal communication,expresses special meanings of the speakers.The core of this study is focused on the functions of silence in conversations from the famous American TV series Prison Break(Season I),in order to reveal that silence,as an important tool in human communication,has richness of meaning and complexity of use.
文摘Traditionally, silence is regarded as an absence, inaction, emptiness, or inferiority, but it figures in Woolf's novels as a presence, power, creativity, and superiority, and infused with a new psychic and narrative life. The present paper will examine Woolf's expression of silence in her masterpiece To the Lighthouse to reveal the power of silence.
文摘This study is aimed at the common classroom silence phenomenon in contemporary college English class. First of all, thispaper explains the meaning of silence from the pragmatic point of view, and takes the students in the Xi’an Innovation College ofYan’an University for instance. Based on a questionnaire survey of 200 students in the Xi’an Innovation College of Yan’an Univer-sity, the reasons are analyzed from two perspectives of teachers and students. This paper makes an analysis of all kinds of factors,so as to put forward effective solutions to eliminate the classroom silence.
文摘This paper makes a study of silence from cross-culture perspective and holds that silence is an indispensable component of human communication without which the proper decoding of the information would be impossible.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Projects of China (No. 2009ZX08009-026B)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 20090461375)the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2006CB101903)
文摘Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a recently developed technique for characterizing the function of plant genes by gene transcript suppression and is increasingly used to generate transient loss-of-function assays. Here we report that the 2mDNA1, a geminivirus satellite vector, can induce efficient gene silencing in Nicotiana tabacum with Tobacco curly shoot virus. We have successfully silenced the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene in GUS transgenic N. tabacum plants and the sulphur desaturase (Su) gene in five different N. tabacum cultivars. These pronounced and severe silencing phenotypes are persistent and ubiquitous. Once initiated in seedlings, the silencing phenotype lasted for the entire life span of the plants and silencing could be induced in a variety of tissues and organs including leaf, shoot, stem, root, and flower, and achieved at any growth stage. This system works well between 18-32°C. We also silenced the NtEDS1 gene and demonstrated that NtEDS1 is essential for N gene mediated resistance against Tobacco mosaic virus in N. tabacum. The above results indicate that this system has great potential as a versatile VIGS system for routine functional analysis of genes in N. tabacum.
基金sponsored by the Science and Technology Foundation of Tianjin Health Bureau,No. 2010ky04the Application Basis and Front Technology Projects of Tianjin (Science and Technology Foundation of Tianjin),No.12JCYBJC18000
文摘Inhibition of neurite growth, which is in large part mediated by the Nogo-66 receptor, affects neural regeneration following bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. The tissue engineering scaffold poly（D,L-lactide-co-glycolic acid） has good histocompatibility and can promote the growth of regenerating nerve fibers. The present study used small interfering RNA to silence Nogo-66 receptor gene expression in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and Schwann cells, which were subsequently transplanted with poly（D,L-lactide-co-glycolic acid） into the spinal cord lesion regions in rats. Simultaneously, rats treated with scaffold only were taken as the control group. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry revealed that at 4 weeks after transplantation, rats had good motor function of the hind limb after treatment with Nogo-66 receptor gene-silenced ceils prus the poly（O,L-lactide-co-glycolic acid） scaffold compared with rats treated with scaffold only, and the number of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and neuron-like cells was also increased. At 8 weeks after transplantation, horseradish peroxidase tracing and transmission electron microscopy showed a large number of unmyelinated and myelinated nerve fibers, as well as intact regenerating axonal myelin sheath following spinal cord hemisection injury. These experimental findings indicate that transplantation of Nogo-66 receptor gene-silenced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and Schwann cells plus a poly（D,L-lactide-co-glycolic acid） scaffold can significantly enhance axonal regeneration of spinal cord neurons and improve motor function of the extremities in rats following spinal cord injury.
