Contents of urban road landscapes were introduced from 3 perspectives of natural landscape elements,constructed landscape elements and historic landscape elements,and functions of urban road landscapes analyzed.Sidewa...Contents of urban road landscapes were introduced from 3 perspectives of natural landscape elements,constructed landscape elements and historic landscape elements,and functions of urban road landscapes analyzed.Sidewalk of the West Renmin Road in Changsha City of Hunan Province was taken for example to elaborate design principles of urban sidewalk landscapes.It was proposed that urban cultures and local spirits have various connotations,such as historic traditions,environment background and neighboring objects,which are maintained in the memories of local residents in the form of historic relics,traditions,spirits,concepts and folk customs.These cultures and spirits are passed down from generation to generation and can be found in all corners of streets and lanes,but cannot be simply replaced by sculptures or garden settings.The fever of large-scale artificial sculpture in present construction of urban public spaces in China was criticized.展开更多
This research aims to evaluate walkability as a strategy of urban mobility in relation to physical characteristics of accessibility and attractiveness from public sidewalks characteristics in the city of Passo Fundo/R...This research aims to evaluate walkability as a strategy of urban mobility in relation to physical characteristics of accessibility and attractiveness from public sidewalks characteristics in the city of Passo Fundo/RS-Brazil using the IAAPE （indicators of attraction and pedestrian accessibility） method. The concept of walkability corresponds to the simple act of walking in a pleasant way along the footpaths. Therefore, the IAAPE method was used, which considers aspects of connectivity, comfort, conviviality, coexistence, convenience, clarity and commitment in relation to the space evaluated. In this study, 40 adults, elderly, pregnant and wheelchair subjects were interviewed for evaluating the importance criteria on public sidewalks for a given type of user. In general, reduced sidewalk dimensions and obstacle presence are the main displacement hurdles in most of the cases analyzed. Thus, improvements are needed to avoid stress situations that arise from daily routine, to encourage physical activities, accessibility, and the emergence of meeting and leisure points.展开更多
加拿大的共享电动滑板还没启动,多伦多市政厅已经开始讨论不允许这些滑板车停在人行道上了。Barring e-scooters from city sidewalks,recom mendedb yacitycom mitteeon M onday, wouldmake it impossib le to introduce the concept t...加拿大的共享电动滑板还没启动,多伦多市政厅已经开始讨论不允许这些滑板车停在人行道上了。Barring e-scooters from city sidewalks,recom mendedb yacitycom mitteeon M onday, wouldmake it impossib le to introduce the concept to Toronto,according to the CEO of Bird Canada, an e-scooter company hoping to launch here in the spring of2 0 2 0.展开更多
Sidewalks play an indispensable role in creating walkable environments.In commercial districts,sidewalks increase connectivity and can enhance pedestrian volume,which promotes commerce.While past research has explored...Sidewalks play an indispensable role in creating walkable environments.In commercial districts,sidewalks increase connectivity and can enhance pedestrian volume,which promotes commerce.While past research has explored commercial factors affecting pedestrian behavior on sidewalks,few studies have explored the effects of architectural factors.This study centers on two sidewalks in commercial districts in Tokyo as a case study,seeking to elucidate the relationship between micro-scale built environment factors and pedestrian behavior.Nineteen factors are analyzed in relation to pedestrian volume and staying.Correlation analysis reveals that pedestrian volume and staying are significantly correlated with seven and six built environment factors,respectively.Stepwise multiple linear regression further reveals that pedestrian volume is positively correlated with passable width,W/D,and movable greening,while being negatively correlated with flagship.Staying,conversely,is positively correlated with passable width,sky rate,and D/H.Based on these identified relationships,a predictive model is established for pedestrian volumes in sidewalks in commercial districts.The findings of this study may provide workable insights for decision-makers aiming to establish walkable environments and encouraging pedestrian activity and may aid in developing detailed plans based on specific factors influencing pedestrian behavior.展开更多
This study investigates the relationship between sidewalk space and pedestrians,as well as how the design and improvement of sidewalk visual landscapes can enhance pedestrians’psychological restoration.Sidewalk quali...This study investigates the relationship between sidewalk space and pedestrians,as well as how the design and improvement of sidewalk visual landscapes can enhance pedestrians’psychological restoration.Sidewalk quality in China varies,making it challenging to meet the urban residents’expectations for sidewalk environments.In this research,psychological perception experiments were conducted on 60 sidewalks in the core functional area of Beijing.The visual landscape of the sidewalk was divided into four dimensions:canopy,ground plane,roadside plane,and building wall.In this study,a total of 52 spatial elements were extracted and evaluated based on the dimensions of fascination,being-away,coherence,and scope in relation to pedestrians’psychological perception.The findings confirm that urban greenery and street accessibility,among other spatial elements,significantly positively influence pedestrians’willingness to walk.Furthermore,a balanced distribution of elements within sidewalk space can better enhance pedestrians’psychological restoration capabilities.展开更多
Comfort is a major requirement in planning pedestrian facilities. Pedestrians walk where they feel comfortable and when they do not feel at ease, they walk elsewhere. A typical example is that filthy, distressed, or t...Comfort is a major requirement in planning pedestrian facilities. Pedestrians walk where they feel comfortable and when they do not feel at ease, they walk elsewhere. A typical example is that filthy, distressed, or too narrow sidewalks induce pedestrians to walk on carriageways. This behaviour jeopardizes road safety and highly dangerous to most users, leave them vulnerable. Unsuitable pavements can be the result of irregular maintenance operations to restore evenness after shock damage, weather phenomena, installation of equipment （e.g., posts, fences, urban furniture） with a reduction of walkable surface, or substandard repair work on pavements and patches due to emergency operations. These problems can be solved with an appropriate maintenance management system, which optimizes financial resources to make smart decisions about how to intervene with an adequate and lasting maintenance operation. This paper defines an evaluation index for sidewalk conditions as a part of an efficient set-up of a Sidewalk Management System, which is similar to the better known Road Management System. The study relies on sur- veys, as well as the classification and analysis of sidewalk distresses. The authors adapted an index already standardized by ASTM for roads and airports： the Pavement Condition Index （PCI）. PCI has been modified to consider the specific types on the sidewalks studied within this paper. To validate the method, a case study of a residential district in Rome, Italy, was carried out. The chosen area lacks regular maintenance and has therefore resulted in a network of unsafe sidewalks. Frequent detour routes were surveyed and related to the level of distresses within a general assessment of safety. This study con- centrates on sidewalks with flexible pavements because this type of pavement is the only one adopted in the survey areas and, in general, throughout Italy.展开更多
Persons with disabilities have difficulties traveling from one point to the other due to the limited options of travel modes for the first and last mile.Western Michigan University tested using an autonomous shuttle o...Persons with disabilities have difficulties traveling from one point to the other due to the limited options of travel modes for the first and last mile.Western Michigan University tested using an autonomous shuttle on the main campus's sidewalks for persons with disabilities.This study's objectives are to understand the empathy college students without disabilities had on the need for suitable transportation services for students with disabilities and the perceived risks of the services'operation on sidewalks.The Bayesian ordered logit model and text mining analyzed 396 survey responses.The Bayesian ordered logistic regression results revealed that age,gender,and ethnicity are important factors that contribute to different opinions concerning perceived risks and sympathy brought by an autonomous shuttle operating on pedestrians'sidewalks.The text mining results revealed several patterns.While respondents who were against the operation focused on potential safety hazards and the crowdedness of the sidewalks,supporters focused on the expected improved mobility for people with disabilities.The findings from this study are expected to assist policymakers and vehicle manufacturers with pedestrian expectations and considerations related to risk and safety when sharing their walkways with the autonomous shuttle.展开更多
文摘Contents of urban road landscapes were introduced from 3 perspectives of natural landscape elements,constructed landscape elements and historic landscape elements,and functions of urban road landscapes analyzed.Sidewalk of the West Renmin Road in Changsha City of Hunan Province was taken for example to elaborate design principles of urban sidewalk landscapes.It was proposed that urban cultures and local spirits have various connotations,such as historic traditions,environment background and neighboring objects,which are maintained in the memories of local residents in the form of historic relics,traditions,spirits,concepts and folk customs.These cultures and spirits are passed down from generation to generation and can be found in all corners of streets and lanes,but cannot be simply replaced by sculptures or garden settings.The fever of large-scale artificial sculpture in present construction of urban public spaces in China was criticized.
文摘This research aims to evaluate walkability as a strategy of urban mobility in relation to physical characteristics of accessibility and attractiveness from public sidewalks characteristics in the city of Passo Fundo/RS-Brazil using the IAAPE （indicators of attraction and pedestrian accessibility） method. The concept of walkability corresponds to the simple act of walking in a pleasant way along the footpaths. Therefore, the IAAPE method was used, which considers aspects of connectivity, comfort, conviviality, coexistence, convenience, clarity and commitment in relation to the space evaluated. In this study, 40 adults, elderly, pregnant and wheelchair subjects were interviewed for evaluating the importance criteria on public sidewalks for a given type of user. In general, reduced sidewalk dimensions and obstacle presence are the main displacement hurdles in most of the cases analyzed. Thus, improvements are needed to avoid stress situations that arise from daily routine, to encourage physical activities, accessibility, and the emergence of meeting and leisure points.
文摘加拿大的共享电动滑板还没启动,多伦多市政厅已经开始讨论不允许这些滑板车停在人行道上了。Barring e-scooters from city sidewalks,recom mendedb yacitycom mitteeon M onday, wouldmake it impossib le to introduce the concept to Toronto,according to the CEO of Bird Canada, an e-scooter company hoping to launch here in the spring of2 0 2 0.
基金supported by the[JST SPRING](Grant No.JPMJSP2128)。
文摘Sidewalks play an indispensable role in creating walkable environments.In commercial districts,sidewalks increase connectivity and can enhance pedestrian volume,which promotes commerce.While past research has explored commercial factors affecting pedestrian behavior on sidewalks,few studies have explored the effects of architectural factors.This study centers on two sidewalks in commercial districts in Tokyo as a case study,seeking to elucidate the relationship between micro-scale built environment factors and pedestrian behavior.Nineteen factors are analyzed in relation to pedestrian volume and staying.Correlation analysis reveals that pedestrian volume and staying are significantly correlated with seven and six built environment factors,respectively.Stepwise multiple linear regression further reveals that pedestrian volume is positively correlated with passable width,W/D,and movable greening,while being negatively correlated with flagship.Staying,conversely,is positively correlated with passable width,sky rate,and D/H.Based on these identified relationships,a predictive model is established for pedestrian volumes in sidewalks in commercial districts.The findings of this study may provide workable insights for decision-makers aiming to establish walkable environments and encouraging pedestrian activity and may aid in developing detailed plans based on specific factors influencing pedestrian behavior.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52178002)Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51608021,52008015,and 52208003).
文摘This study investigates the relationship between sidewalk space and pedestrians,as well as how the design and improvement of sidewalk visual landscapes can enhance pedestrians’psychological restoration.Sidewalk quality in China varies,making it challenging to meet the urban residents’expectations for sidewalk environments.In this research,psychological perception experiments were conducted on 60 sidewalks in the core functional area of Beijing.The visual landscape of the sidewalk was divided into four dimensions:canopy,ground plane,roadside plane,and building wall.In this study,a total of 52 spatial elements were extracted and evaluated based on the dimensions of fascination,being-away,coherence,and scope in relation to pedestrians’psychological perception.The findings confirm that urban greenery and street accessibility,among other spatial elements,significantly positively influence pedestrians’willingness to walk.Furthermore,a balanced distribution of elements within sidewalk space can better enhance pedestrians’psychological restoration capabilities.
文摘Comfort is a major requirement in planning pedestrian facilities. Pedestrians walk where they feel comfortable and when they do not feel at ease, they walk elsewhere. A typical example is that filthy, distressed, or too narrow sidewalks induce pedestrians to walk on carriageways. This behaviour jeopardizes road safety and highly dangerous to most users, leave them vulnerable. Unsuitable pavements can be the result of irregular maintenance operations to restore evenness after shock damage, weather phenomena, installation of equipment （e.g., posts, fences, urban furniture） with a reduction of walkable surface, or substandard repair work on pavements and patches due to emergency operations. These problems can be solved with an appropriate maintenance management system, which optimizes financial resources to make smart decisions about how to intervene with an adequate and lasting maintenance operation. This paper defines an evaluation index for sidewalk conditions as a part of an efficient set-up of a Sidewalk Management System, which is similar to the better known Road Management System. The study relies on sur- veys, as well as the classification and analysis of sidewalk distresses. The authors adapted an index already standardized by ASTM for roads and airports： the Pavement Condition Index （PCI）. PCI has been modified to consider the specific types on the sidewalks studied within this paper. To validate the method, a case study of a residential district in Rome, Italy, was carried out. The chosen area lacks regular maintenance and has therefore resulted in a network of unsafe sidewalks. Frequent detour routes were surveyed and related to the level of distresses within a general assessment of safety. This study con- centrates on sidewalks with flexible pavements because this type of pavement is the only one adopted in the survey areas and, in general, throughout Italy.
文摘Persons with disabilities have difficulties traveling from one point to the other due to the limited options of travel modes for the first and last mile.Western Michigan University tested using an autonomous shuttle on the main campus's sidewalks for persons with disabilities.This study's objectives are to understand the empathy college students without disabilities had on the need for suitable transportation services for students with disabilities and the perceived risks of the services'operation on sidewalks.The Bayesian ordered logit model and text mining analyzed 396 survey responses.The Bayesian ordered logistic regression results revealed that age,gender,and ethnicity are important factors that contribute to different opinions concerning perceived risks and sympathy brought by an autonomous shuttle operating on pedestrians'sidewalks.The text mining results revealed several patterns.While respondents who were against the operation focused on potential safety hazards and the crowdedness of the sidewalks,supporters focused on the expected improved mobility for people with disabilities.The findings from this study are expected to assist policymakers and vehicle manufacturers with pedestrian expectations and considerations related to risk and safety when sharing their walkways with the autonomous shuttle.
