In this work, we prepared three simple arylamine-based hole transporting materials from commercially available starting materials. The effect of extending z-conjugation length or increasing the number of side groups c...In this work, we prepared three simple arylamine-based hole transporting materials from commercially available starting materials. The effect of extending z-conjugation length or increasing the number of side groups compared with reference compound on the photophysical, electrochemical, hole mobility properties and performance in perovskite solar cells were further studied. It is noted that these two kinds of molecular modifications can significantly lower the HOMO level and improve the hole mobility, thus improving the hole injection from valence band of perovskite. On the other hand, the compound with more side groups showed higher hole injection efficiency due to lower HOMO level and higher hole mo- bility compared with the compound with extending π-conjugation length. The perovskite solar cells with the modified molecules as hole transporting materials showed a higher efficiency of 15.40% and 16.95%, respectively, which is better than that of the reference compound （13.18%）. Moreover, the compound with increasing number of side groups based devices showed comparable photovoltaic performance with that of conventional spiro-OMeTAD （16.87%）.展开更多
We chose a series of isoindigo-based conjugated polymer（ⅡDDT,ⅡDDT-C3 and ⅡDDT-C4） with different length of side chains and bifurcation positions to investigate the relationship between the degree of alignment and...We chose a series of isoindigo-based conjugated polymer（ⅡDDT,ⅡDDT-C3 and ⅡDDT-C4） with different length of side chains and bifurcation positions to investigate the relationship between the degree of alignment and the length of side chains and bifurcation positions.We found that the dichroic ratio was increased from 2.37 to 5.23 when the side chain was longer and the bifurcation position was away from the backbone.The π-π stacking distance was decreased from 3.67 A to 3.61 A when the bifurcation position was away from the backbone because of its smaller hindrance and the d-spacing of the（100）was increased from 20.06 A to 25.21 A when the side chain was longer.All the polymers were adopted an edge-on orientation with the backbone paralleled with the long axis of fibers.The weak interaction of side-chain in ⅡDDT-C4 was beneficial for the molecules being rearranged in parallel during the contact line receding and the strong n-n interaction could accelerate the interchain assembly of the parallel molecules through π-π interaction to form aligned fibers.展开更多
Forming zone length (FZL) is a key parameter of the lead-clad glass fiber extrusion dies, and an unsuitable FZL will lead to breakage of the glass fiber and/or unacceptable geometric and metallographic qualities of th...Forming zone length (FZL) is a key parameter of the lead-clad glass fiber extrusion dies, and an unsuitable FZL will lead to breakage of the glass fiber and/or unacceptable geometric and metallographic qualities of the product. The optimal FZL was determined theoretically based on a mathematical model established by upper bound method, and accepted Pb-GF wire was actually obtained experimentally by symmetric side-feed extrusion at a much lower temperature than that published before. The wire has features of fine grains, uniform diameter, good coaxiality and satisfied mechanical property. The results and conclusions obtained in the research can be used to design the forming tools for lead-clad glass fiber extrusion and have significance to further research on the extrusion of other complex wires of metal-clad brittle core.展开更多
以丙烯酸(AA)和4种不同侧链长度的聚乙二醇单甲醚(MPEG相对分子质量分别为350,500,750,1 000)先酯化合成大单体(MPEGAA),再以丙烯酸、对苯乙烯磺酸钠(SSS)为单体,在引发剂过硫酸钾、链转移剂异丙醇作用下聚合得到4种具有不同侧链长度的...以丙烯酸(AA)和4种不同侧链长度的聚乙二醇单甲醚(MPEG相对分子质量分别为350,500,750,1 000)先酯化合成大单体(MPEGAA),再以丙烯酸、对苯乙烯磺酸钠(SSS)为单体,在引发剂过硫酸钾、链转移剂异丙醇作用下聚合得到4种具有不同侧链长度的聚羧酸盐分散剂。通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)、热重分析(TG)和差示扫描量热分析(DSC)对聚合物的分子结构、相对分子质量及其热力学性能进行了表征和分析。将其作用于彬长煤制浆,考察了浆体的表观黏度、最佳添加用量、最大成浆浓度、Zeta电位和稳定性。结果表明侧链长度为PC500(n=11)的聚羧酸盐分散剂降黏效果最佳,且最佳用量0.4%(质量分数)时,水煤浆最高制浆浓度可达到68%,Zeta电位由-11.2 m V变化到-41.5 m V,对彬长煤具有更好的分散降黏和稳定的作用。展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2015CB932200)the CAS-Iranian Vice Presidency for Science and Technology Joint Research Project (No. 116134KYSB20160130)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (No. 1508085SMF224)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51474201)the External Cooperation Program of BIC, Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. GJHZ1607)
文摘In this work, we prepared three simple arylamine-based hole transporting materials from commercially available starting materials. The effect of extending z-conjugation length or increasing the number of side groups compared with reference compound on the photophysical, electrochemical, hole mobility properties and performance in perovskite solar cells were further studied. It is noted that these two kinds of molecular modifications can significantly lower the HOMO level and improve the hole mobility, thus improving the hole injection from valence band of perovskite. On the other hand, the compound with more side groups showed higher hole injection efficiency due to lower HOMO level and higher hole mo- bility compared with the compound with extending π-conjugation length. The perovskite solar cells with the modified molecules as hole transporting materials showed a higher efficiency of 15.40% and 16.95%, respectively, which is better than that of the reference compound （13.18%）. Moreover, the compound with increasing number of side groups based devices showed comparable photovoltaic performance with that of conventional spiro-OMeTAD （16.87%）.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21334006, 51577138, 21474113)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDB12020300)
文摘We chose a series of isoindigo-based conjugated polymer（ⅡDDT,ⅡDDT-C3 and ⅡDDT-C4） with different length of side chains and bifurcation positions to investigate the relationship between the degree of alignment and the length of side chains and bifurcation positions.We found that the dichroic ratio was increased from 2.37 to 5.23 when the side chain was longer and the bifurcation position was away from the backbone.The π-π stacking distance was decreased from 3.67 A to 3.61 A when the bifurcation position was away from the backbone because of its smaller hindrance and the d-spacing of the（100）was increased from 20.06 A to 25.21 A when the side chain was longer.All the polymers were adopted an edge-on orientation with the backbone paralleled with the long axis of fibers.The weak interaction of side-chain in ⅡDDT-C4 was beneficial for the molecules being rearranged in parallel during the contact line receding and the strong n-n interaction could accelerate the interchain assembly of the parallel molecules through π-π interaction to form aligned fibers.
文摘Forming zone length (FZL) is a key parameter of the lead-clad glass fiber extrusion dies, and an unsuitable FZL will lead to breakage of the glass fiber and/or unacceptable geometric and metallographic qualities of the product. The optimal FZL was determined theoretically based on a mathematical model established by upper bound method, and accepted Pb-GF wire was actually obtained experimentally by symmetric side-feed extrusion at a much lower temperature than that published before. The wire has features of fine grains, uniform diameter, good coaxiality and satisfied mechanical property. The results and conclusions obtained in the research can be used to design the forming tools for lead-clad glass fiber extrusion and have significance to further research on the extrusion of other complex wires of metal-clad brittle core.
文摘以丙烯酸(AA)和4种不同侧链长度的聚乙二醇单甲醚(MPEG相对分子质量分别为350,500,750,1 000)先酯化合成大单体(MPEGAA),再以丙烯酸、对苯乙烯磺酸钠(SSS)为单体,在引发剂过硫酸钾、链转移剂异丙醇作用下聚合得到4种具有不同侧链长度的聚羧酸盐分散剂。通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)、热重分析(TG)和差示扫描量热分析(DSC)对聚合物的分子结构、相对分子质量及其热力学性能进行了表征和分析。将其作用于彬长煤制浆,考察了浆体的表观黏度、最佳添加用量、最大成浆浓度、Zeta电位和稳定性。结果表明侧链长度为PC500(n=11)的聚羧酸盐分散剂降黏效果最佳,且最佳用量0.4%(质量分数)时,水煤浆最高制浆浓度可达到68%,Zeta电位由-11.2 m V变化到-41.5 m V,对彬长煤具有更好的分散降黏和稳定的作用。
