Morphologic and cytological characteristics of hybrid F1 between E. canadensis and E. sibidcus were studied. The results showed that hybrid F1 were obviously exceeded parents in plant growth vigor, and spike type of F...Morphologic and cytological characteristics of hybrid F1 between E. canadensis and E. sibidcus were studied. The results showed that hybrid F1 were obviously exceeded parents in plant growth vigor, and spike type of F1 was between parents. The karyotype formula of hybrid F1 which was true hybrid was 2n =4x=16M ＋ 10m ＋2st. At meiotic anaphase, chromosome lagging behaviors were frequently observed. The frequency of lagging chromosomes of F1 was 87.37%. At meiotic metaphase, there were many univalents and multivalents, and the rod bivalent formed greatly.展开更多
Leonurus sibiricus is a herbaceous plant found in many countries in Asia and America.This plant is widely practiced as a remedy for the treatment of diabetes,menstrual irregularities,and bronchitis.The approval of the...Leonurus sibiricus is a herbaceous plant found in many countries in Asia and America.This plant is widely practiced as a remedy for the treatment of diabetes,menstrual irregularities,and bronchitis.The approval of therapeutic implications of any drugs depends on the well characterized mode of actions of the compounds.The bioactive compounds like diterpenes,triterpenes,flavonoids and phenolic acids in Leonurus sibiricus show analgesic,anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidant,anti-atherogenic and antihemorrhagic,anti-diabetic,anti-bacterial and allelopathic potency.Interestingly,the expression level of some genes is altered by the crude extract treatments,which are effective against cancers,diabetes and cardiovascular diseases where the molecular mechanisms are yet to be explored.Intriguingly,the extracts significantly induce nitric oxide production by endothelial nitric oxide synthase,a signaling molecule of vasodilation in combination with interferon-y indicating positive effect on atherosclerosis.Further investigations are required to unlock the effects of bioactive compounds found in extracts at clinical settings.展开更多
This study analyzed the mitochondrial DNA D-loop hypervariable region 601 bp sequence in 12 Eutamias sibiricus from Heilongjiang area. The result showed that the average contents of A, T, G and C were 33.2%, 30.5%, 11...This study analyzed the mitochondrial DNA D-loop hypervariable region 601 bp sequence in 12 Eutamias sibiricus from Heilongjiang area. The result showed that the average contents of A, T, G and C were 33.2%, 30.5%, 11.8% and 24.5% respectively, the A＋T content （63.7%） was obviously higher than the G＋C content （36.3%）. Thirty-six, mutation （approximately 6.0%） sites were found and 9 haplotypes were defined. The mutations types, including transition, transversion and deletion were all found in the detected mtDNA D-loop regions, most of which was transition. The average nucleotide mutational ratio was 1.22%. The nucleotide mutation sites affected the restriction site appearance or disappearance of the restriction site. The research on mtDNA D-loop is focused on the domestic animals and there is no report on Eutamias sibiricus, This study analyzed the mitochondrial DNA D-loop hypervariable in Eutamias sibiricus so as to provide some useful informations for related research in the future.展开更多
[ Objective ] This study aimed to establish and optimize the ISSR-PCR reaction system and amplification process for Elymus sibiricus L. , to provide sci- entific basis for exploring the genetic diversity of E. sibiric...[ Objective ] This study aimed to establish and optimize the ISSR-PCR reaction system and amplification process for Elymus sibiricus L. , to provide sci- entific basis for exploring the genetic diversity of E. sibiricus germplasm resources. [ Method] Orthogonal design and single factor test were applied to establish the ISSR-PCR reaction system of E. sibiricus, optimize the influencing factors including Taq DNA polymerase, DNA template concentration, Mg2 ＋ , dNTP, primer concentration, and screen the annealing temperature, number of cycles and extension time. [ Result ] The optimal reaction system for ISSR analysis contains 0.2 mmol/L dNTPs, 0.2 μmol/L ISSR primers, 1.5 U of Taq DNA polymerase, 2.5 μl of 10 × PCR Buffer, 1.5 mmol/L MgC12 and 40 ng of template DNA in 25 μl total volume; the amplification was conducted with 35 cycles and extension time of 90 s. [ Conclusion] ISSR-PCR reaction system for E. sibiricus was established and optimized, and then verified using two E. sibiricus germplasrns, demonstrating that the ISSR-PCR reaction system is stable and can be used for the genetic analysis of E. sibiricus.展开更多
In the study, E. sibiricus L. cv. chuancao No. 2 was allocated to plots in a randomized block design with five row gradients （30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 cm）. At the flowering stage, the root, stem, leaf and inflorescence...In the study, E. sibiricus L. cv. chuancao No. 2 was allocated to plots in a randomized block design with five row gradients （30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 cm）. At the flowering stage, the root, stem, leaf and inflorescence of population, as well as the quantitative traits of components, biomass structure, accumulation and distribution proportion of energy were measured and analyzed. For different row spacings, there are highly significant differences between total tillers and ratio of fertile tillers per square meter and significant differences among the eustipes length, eustipes number and natural height of each tiller; but there are no significant differences among the leaf length, leaf width and leaf number of each tiller. A significant difference is found between the depth and distribution range of root, inflorescence stalk, and ear number of fertile tillers, and the biomass of leaf, stem, root and inflorescence. The influenced order is stem 〉 leave 〉 root 〉 inflorescence. No significant influence is found among the energy values of single leaf, stem, root and inflorescence; but a significant influence is found among the energy accumulation of the leaf, stem, root and inflorescence with the effect degree being stem 〉 leaf 〉 inflorescence 〉 root. Significant differences are also found among the energy distribution of each component with the order of leaf〉 stem 〉 inflorescence 〉 root.展开更多
In this paper, the life history of Dendrolimus sibiricus Tschetw. is studied, and the effective measures against the pest such as prediction, resource protection, biological control, light trapping and chemical contro...In this paper, the life history of Dendrolimus sibiricus Tschetw. is studied, and the effective measures against the pest such as prediction, resource protection, biological control, light trapping and chemical control are put forward. The results will provide the basis for scientific control.展开更多
Elymus sibiricus L.,a member of the Triticeae tribe,is a grass widely used for forage and restoring degraded grasslands in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP)region.Here,we present a high-quality reference genome assembl...Elymus sibiricus L.,a member of the Triticeae tribe,is a grass widely used for forage and restoring degraded grasslands in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP)region.Here,we present a high-quality reference genome assembly of allotetraploid E.sibiricus,consisting of 14 pseudochromosomes.Our findings suggest that large-scale bursts of retrotransposon activity,especially by Gypsy elements and unclassified retrotransposon elements,have played a critical role in the genome expansion of E.sibiricus as compared with other Triticeae.We identified a translocation between chromosomes Es4H and Es6H with a low recombination rate.Population genomic analysis of 90 E.sibiricus accessions and 25 diploid accessions of proposed ancestors from different habitats revealed four distinct groups,although they are of monophyletic origin.Our population analysis supports the idea that the QTP is likely the center of origin and genetic diversity of E.sibiricus.Selective sweep analysis identified significant pathways related to photosynthesis and metabolism,which are likely associated with the multiple environmental adaptations of this species to the climatic conditions of the QTP.Collectively,our study not only provides genomic resources for genetic improvement of the Elymus genus,but also provides important insights on the evolutionary history of E.sibiricus from population genomic analysis and the evolution of the tribe Triticeae.展开更多
Although food availability and the abundance of seed predators have been postulated to affect seed dispersal,it is not clear how seed-eating animals modify their scatter-hoarding strategies in response to different le...Although food availability and the abundance of seed predators have been postulated to affect seed dispersal,it is not clear how seed-eating animals modify their scatter-hoarding strategies in response to different levels of interspecific competition.We placed paired germinated and ungerminated acorns of Quercus mongolica on 30-cm high platforms to exclude potential interspecific competition of the predominant larder hoarders Apodemus peninsulae and Myodes rufocanus,to investigate seed dispersal by a predominant scatter-hoarder,Tamias sibiricus,in the field in north-eastern China.Our results showed that T.sibiricus ate more acorns in situ in the absence of interspecific competition.In the presence of interspecific competition of A.peninsulae and C.rufocanus,however,more acorns were scatter-hoarded by T.sibiricus.Regardless of interspecific competition,germination of acorns showed no significant effects on seed dispersal patterns,inconsistent with the“seed perishability hypothesis”that animals avoid hoarding seeds with high perishability.Exclusion of interspecific competition,though relatively increasing the per capita seed abundance,appears to reduce seed dispersal,scatter-hoarding and seedling establishment.Therefore,we propose that moderate interspecific competition rather than competition exclusion may benefit seed scatter-hoarding and seedling establishment.展开更多
2007年4月至2008年9月间,对额尔齐斯河支流阿尔泰杜父鱼(Cottus sibiricus altaicus Li et Ho)生物学特性进行了调查研究。结果显示,体长L(mm)与体重W(g)的关系式为:W=1×10-5L3.0745,阿尔泰杜父鱼雌鱼最小性成熟体长和体重分别为61...2007年4月至2008年9月间,对额尔齐斯河支流阿尔泰杜父鱼(Cottus sibiricus altaicus Li et Ho)生物学特性进行了调查研究。结果显示,体长L(mm)与体重W(g)的关系式为:W=1×10-5L3.0745,阿尔泰杜父鱼雌鱼最小性成熟体长和体重分别为61.0 mm和5.80 g,对11尾雌性性成熟个体进行统计,阿尔泰杜父鱼成熟系数为18.05～43.55,平均为31.27±7.01;个体绝对繁殖力(F)变动范围为89～294粒,平均(194±74)粒;个体相对繁殖力(FL)变化范围为14.32～40.29粒/mm,平均(29.01±9.63)粒/mm;个体相对繁殖力(FW)变化范围为21.66～48.04粒/g,平均(36.99±8.22)粒/g。根据卵径分布图判断,阿尔泰杜父鱼为一批产卵类型鱼类。展开更多
The Lamiaceae family is renowned for its terpenoid-based medicinal components,but Leonurus,which has traditional medicinal uses,stands out for its alkaloid-rich composition.Leonurine,the principal active compound foun...The Lamiaceae family is renowned for its terpenoid-based medicinal components,but Leonurus,which has traditional medicinal uses,stands out for its alkaloid-rich composition.Leonurine,the principal active compound found in Leonurus,has demonstrated promising effects in reducing blood lipids and treating strokes.However,the biosynthetic pathway of leonurine remains largely unexplored.Here,we present the chromosome-level genome sequence assemblies of Leonurus japonicus,known for its high leonurine production,and Leonurus sibiricus,characterized by very limited leonurine production.By integrating genomics,RNA sequencing,metabolomics,and enzyme activity assay data,we constructed the leonurine biosynthesis pathway and identified the arginine decarboxylase(ADC),uridine diphosphate glucosyltransferase(UGT),and serine carboxypeptidase-like(SCPL)acyltransferase enzymes that catalyze key reactions in this pathway.Further analyses revealed that the UGT–SCPL gene cluster evolved by gene duplication in the ancestor of Leonurus and neofunctionalization of SCPL in L.japonicus,which contributed to the accumulation of leonurine specifically in L.japonicus.Collectively,our comprehensive study illuminates leonurine biosynthesis and its evolution in Leonurus.展开更多
基金Supported by Research on Distant Hybridization Breeding of Forage(2008BADB3B02)in the Eleventh Five-year Plan Periodthe Major Scientific and Technical Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,"Products Development of High Quality Adequet Grass"~~
文摘Morphologic and cytological characteristics of hybrid F1 between E. canadensis and E. sibidcus were studied. The results showed that hybrid F1 were obviously exceeded parents in plant growth vigor, and spike type of F1 was between parents. The karyotype formula of hybrid F1 which was true hybrid was 2n =4x=16M ＋ 10m ＋2st. At meiotic anaphase, chromosome lagging behaviors were frequently observed. The frequency of lagging chromosomes of F1 was 87.37%. At meiotic metaphase, there were many univalents and multivalents, and the rod bivalent formed greatly.
文摘Leonurus sibiricus is a herbaceous plant found in many countries in Asia and America.This plant is widely practiced as a remedy for the treatment of diabetes,menstrual irregularities,and bronchitis.The approval of therapeutic implications of any drugs depends on the well characterized mode of actions of the compounds.The bioactive compounds like diterpenes,triterpenes,flavonoids and phenolic acids in Leonurus sibiricus show analgesic,anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidant,anti-atherogenic and antihemorrhagic,anti-diabetic,anti-bacterial and allelopathic potency.Interestingly,the expression level of some genes is altered by the crude extract treatments,which are effective against cancers,diabetes and cardiovascular diseases where the molecular mechanisms are yet to be explored.Intriguingly,the extracts significantly induce nitric oxide production by endothelial nitric oxide synthase,a signaling molecule of vasodilation in combination with interferon-y indicating positive effect on atherosclerosis.Further investigations are required to unlock the effects of bioactive compounds found in extracts at clinical settings.
文摘This study analyzed the mitochondrial DNA D-loop hypervariable region 601 bp sequence in 12 Eutamias sibiricus from Heilongjiang area. The result showed that the average contents of A, T, G and C were 33.2%, 30.5%, 11.8% and 24.5% respectively, the A＋T content （63.7%） was obviously higher than the G＋C content （36.3%）. Thirty-six, mutation （approximately 6.0%） sites were found and 9 haplotypes were defined. The mutations types, including transition, transversion and deletion were all found in the detected mtDNA D-loop regions, most of which was transition. The average nucleotide mutational ratio was 1.22%. The nucleotide mutation sites affected the restriction site appearance or disappearance of the restriction site. The research on mtDNA D-loop is focused on the domestic animals and there is no report on Eutamias sibiricus, This study analyzed the mitochondrial DNA D-loop hypervariable in Eutamias sibiricus so as to provide some useful informations for related research in the future.
基金Supported by Project of Collection,Cataloguing and Utilization of Perennial Forage Grass Germplasm Resources(NB2012-2130135-33)Conservation Project for Forage Grass Germplasm Resources
文摘[ Objective ] This study aimed to establish and optimize the ISSR-PCR reaction system and amplification process for Elymus sibiricus L. , to provide sci- entific basis for exploring the genetic diversity of E. sibiricus germplasm resources. [ Method] Orthogonal design and single factor test were applied to establish the ISSR-PCR reaction system of E. sibiricus, optimize the influencing factors including Taq DNA polymerase, DNA template concentration, Mg2 ＋ , dNTP, primer concentration, and screen the annealing temperature, number of cycles and extension time. [ Result ] The optimal reaction system for ISSR analysis contains 0.2 mmol/L dNTPs, 0.2 μmol/L ISSR primers, 1.5 U of Taq DNA polymerase, 2.5 μl of 10 × PCR Buffer, 1.5 mmol/L MgC12 and 40 ng of template DNA in 25 μl total volume; the amplification was conducted with 35 cycles and extension time of 90 s. [ Conclusion] ISSR-PCR reaction system for E. sibiricus was established and optimized, and then verified using two E. sibiricus germplasrns, demonstrating that the ISSR-PCR reaction system is stable and can be used for the genetic analysis of E. sibiricus.
文摘In the study, E. sibiricus L. cv. chuancao No. 2 was allocated to plots in a randomized block design with five row gradients （30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 cm）. At the flowering stage, the root, stem, leaf and inflorescence of population, as well as the quantitative traits of components, biomass structure, accumulation and distribution proportion of energy were measured and analyzed. For different row spacings, there are highly significant differences between total tillers and ratio of fertile tillers per square meter and significant differences among the eustipes length, eustipes number and natural height of each tiller; but there are no significant differences among the leaf length, leaf width and leaf number of each tiller. A significant difference is found between the depth and distribution range of root, inflorescence stalk, and ear number of fertile tillers, and the biomass of leaf, stem, root and inflorescence. The influenced order is stem 〉 leave 〉 root 〉 inflorescence. No significant influence is found among the energy values of single leaf, stem, root and inflorescence; but a significant influence is found among the energy accumulation of the leaf, stem, root and inflorescence with the effect degree being stem 〉 leaf 〉 inflorescence 〉 root. Significant differences are also found among the energy distribution of each component with the order of leaf〉 stem 〉 inflorescence 〉 root.
文摘In this paper, the life history of Dendrolimus sibiricus Tschetw. is studied, and the effective measures against the pest such as prediction, resource protection, biological control, light trapping and chemical control are put forward. The results will provide the basis for scientific control.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province(2019YFN0170)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872995)the Study on the Breeding Project of the Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(2021YFYZ0013)。
文摘Elymus sibiricus L.,a member of the Triticeae tribe,is a grass widely used for forage and restoring degraded grasslands in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP)region.Here,we present a high-quality reference genome assembly of allotetraploid E.sibiricus,consisting of 14 pseudochromosomes.Our findings suggest that large-scale bursts of retrotransposon activity,especially by Gypsy elements and unclassified retrotransposon elements,have played a critical role in the genome expansion of E.sibiricus as compared with other Triticeae.We identified a translocation between chromosomes Es4H and Es6H with a low recombination rate.Population genomic analysis of 90 E.sibiricus accessions and 25 diploid accessions of proposed ancestors from different habitats revealed four distinct groups,although they are of monophyletic origin.Our population analysis supports the idea that the QTP is likely the center of origin and genetic diversity of E.sibiricus.Selective sweep analysis identified significant pathways related to photosynthesis and metabolism,which are likely associated with the multiple environmental adaptations of this species to the climatic conditions of the QTP.Collectively,our study not only provides genomic resources for genetic improvement of the Elymus genus,but also provides important insights on the evolutionary history of E.sibiricus from population genomic analysis and the evolution of the tribe Triticeae.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31760156)the Young Talents Invitation Program of Shandong Provincial Colleges and Universities.
文摘Although food availability and the abundance of seed predators have been postulated to affect seed dispersal,it is not clear how seed-eating animals modify their scatter-hoarding strategies in response to different levels of interspecific competition.We placed paired germinated and ungerminated acorns of Quercus mongolica on 30-cm high platforms to exclude potential interspecific competition of the predominant larder hoarders Apodemus peninsulae and Myodes rufocanus,to investigate seed dispersal by a predominant scatter-hoarder,Tamias sibiricus,in the field in north-eastern China.Our results showed that T.sibiricus ate more acorns in situ in the absence of interspecific competition.In the presence of interspecific competition of A.peninsulae and C.rufocanus,however,more acorns were scatter-hoarded by T.sibiricus.Regardless of interspecific competition,germination of acorns showed no significant effects on seed dispersal patterns,inconsistent with the“seed perishability hypothesis”that animals avoid hoarding seeds with high perishability.Exclusion of interspecific competition,though relatively increasing the per capita seed abundance,appears to reduce seed dispersal,scatter-hoarding and seedling establishment.Therefore,we propose that moderate interspecific competition rather than competition exclusion may benefit seed scatter-hoarding and seedling establishment.
文摘2007年4月至2008年9月间,对额尔齐斯河支流阿尔泰杜父鱼(Cottus sibiricus altaicus Li et Ho)生物学特性进行了调查研究。结果显示,体长L(mm)与体重W(g)的关系式为:W=1×10-5L3.0745,阿尔泰杜父鱼雌鱼最小性成熟体长和体重分别为61.0 mm和5.80 g,对11尾雌性性成熟个体进行统计,阿尔泰杜父鱼成熟系数为18.05～43.55,平均为31.27±7.01;个体绝对繁殖力(F)变动范围为89～294粒,平均(194±74)粒;个体相对繁殖力(FL)变化范围为14.32～40.29粒/mm,平均(29.01±9.63)粒/mm;个体相对繁殖力(FW)变化范围为21.66～48.04粒/g,平均(36.99±8.22)粒/g。根据卵径分布图判断,阿尔泰杜父鱼为一批产卵类型鱼类。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32170349 to P.X.)the Chenshan Special Fund for the Shanghai Landscaping Administration Bureau Program(G232402 to P.X.)the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China(YDZX20223100001003 to Y.-H.H.).
文摘The Lamiaceae family is renowned for its terpenoid-based medicinal components,but Leonurus,which has traditional medicinal uses,stands out for its alkaloid-rich composition.Leonurine,the principal active compound found in Leonurus,has demonstrated promising effects in reducing blood lipids and treating strokes.However,the biosynthetic pathway of leonurine remains largely unexplored.Here,we present the chromosome-level genome sequence assemblies of Leonurus japonicus,known for its high leonurine production,and Leonurus sibiricus,characterized by very limited leonurine production.By integrating genomics,RNA sequencing,metabolomics,and enzyme activity assay data,we constructed the leonurine biosynthesis pathway and identified the arginine decarboxylase(ADC),uridine diphosphate glucosyltransferase(UGT),and serine carboxypeptidase-like(SCPL)acyltransferase enzymes that catalyze key reactions in this pathway.Further analyses revealed that the UGT–SCPL gene cluster evolved by gene duplication in the ancestor of Leonurus and neofunctionalization of SCPL in L.japonicus,which contributed to the accumulation of leonurine specifically in L.japonicus.Collectively,our comprehensive study illuminates leonurine biosynthesis and its evolution in Leonurus.
