In this paper the geometric description and general theory of mechanical twinning are reviewed, the twins in general lattices and superlattices are summarized, and the kinetic process by which mechanical twins form is...In this paper the geometric description and general theory of mechanical twinning are reviewed, the twins in general lattices and superlattices are summarized, and the kinetic process by which mechanical twins form is revisited. A case study of mechanical twinning of HfV2+Nb, (cubic) Laves phase, is presented and the synchroshear of selected atomic layers is proposed to explain the physical process of twin formation. If the twins form in this way, then long shear vectors and / or atomicshuffles are not really necessary.展开更多
The Australian Shuffle consists of placing a deck of cards onto a table according to this rule: put the top card on the table, the next card on the bottom of the deck, and repeat until all the cards have been placed o...The Australian Shuffle consists of placing a deck of cards onto a table according to this rule: put the top card on the table, the next card on the bottom of the deck, and repeat until all the cards have been placed on the table. A natural question is “Where was the very last card placed located in the original deck?” Card trick magicians have known empirically for years that the fortieth card from the top of a standard fifty-two card deck is the final card placed by this shuffle. The moniker “Australian” comes from putting every other card “Down Under”. We develop a formula for the general case of N cards, and then extend that generalization further to cases involving the discard of k cards before or after putting one on the bottom of the deck. Finally, we discuss the connection of the Australian Shuffle and its generalizations to the famous Josephus problem.展开更多
DNA shuffling是蛋白质定向进化的一种常用策略,其优点是可以快速积累多突变效果,但同时由于突变数较多,其中真正发挥作用的突变及其结构基础往往不清楚。β-葡萄糖苷酶是纤维素高效降解的限速酶,良好的热稳定性是影响其实际催化效率的...DNA shuffling是蛋白质定向进化的一种常用策略,其优点是可以快速积累多突变效果,但同时由于突变数较多,其中真正发挥作用的突变及其结构基础往往不清楚。β-葡萄糖苷酶是纤维素高效降解的限速酶,良好的热稳定性是影响其实际催化效率的关键因素。该研究以DNA shuffling策略产生的热稳定性β-葡萄糖苷酶突变体Bgl3-6511(含60个突变,T_(50)值比野生型提高4.6℃)为研究对象,通过序列比对、定点突变和热稳定性测定,对其中的有益突变进行鉴定。结果显示,6个单点突变Y50F、R52H、R56K、V65I、T67A和P143A分别将该酶的T_(50)值提高2.9、4.2、1.5、2.8、3.2、1.2℃。同时,鉴定到5个有害突变将该酶的T_(50)值降低1.0~3.4℃。将获得单点有益突变进行组合,获得T_(50)值提高13.4℃的M6(Y50F/R52H/R56K/V65I/T67A/P143A),说明DNA shuffling策略积累的有害突变确实损害了性能优化。结构分析和分子动力学模拟显示,有益突变主要是通过增强分子内氢键、π-π键和稳定二级结构发挥作用。该研究对Bgl3-6511中的单点有益突变进行鉴定,对其结构基础进行了分析,并获得了热稳定性更加优良的突变酶,相关信息可为其他酶的分子改造提供有益借鉴。展开更多
The counterflow burner is a combustion device used for research on combustion.By utilizing deep convolutional models to identify the combustion state of a counter flow burner through visible flame images,it facilitate...The counterflow burner is a combustion device used for research on combustion.By utilizing deep convolutional models to identify the combustion state of a counter flow burner through visible flame images,it facilitates the optimization of the combustion process and enhances combustion efficiency.Among existing deep convolutional models,InceptionNeXt is a deep learning architecture that integrates the ideas of the Inception series and ConvNeXt.It has garnered significant attention for its computational efficiency,remarkable model accuracy,and exceptional feature extraction capabilities.However,since this model still has limitations in the combustion state recognition task,we propose a Triple-Scale Multi-Stage InceptionNeXt(TSMS-InceptionNeXt)combustion state recognitionmethod based on feature extraction optimization.First,to address the InceptionNeXt model’s limited ability to capture dynamic features in flame images,we introduce Triplet Attention,which applies attention to the width,height,and Red Green Blue(RGB)dimensions of the flame images to enhance its ability to model dynamic features.Secondly,to address the issue of key information loss in the Inception deep convolution layers,we propose a Similarity-based Feature Concentration(SimC)mechanism to enhance the model’s capability to concentrate on critical features.Next,to address the insufficient receptive field of the model,we propose a Multi-Scale Dilated Channel Parallel Integration(MDCPI)mechanism to enhance the model’s ability to extract multi-scale contextual information.Finally,to address the issue of the model’s Multi-Layer Perceptron Head(MlpHead)neglecting channel interactions,we propose a Channel Shuffle-Guided Channel-Spatial Attention(ShuffleCS)mechanism,which integrates information from different channels to further enhance the representational power of the input features.To validate the effectiveness of the method,experiments are conducted on the counterflow burner flame visible light image dataset.The experimental results show that the TSMS-InceptionNeXt model achieved an accuracy of 85.71%on the dataset,improving by 2.38%over the baseline model and outperforming the baseline model’s performance.It achieved accuracy improvements of 10.47%,4.76%,11.19%,and 9.28%compared to the Reparameterized Visual Geometry Group(RepVGG),Squeeze-erunhanced Axial Transoformer(SeaFormer),Simplified Graph Transformers(SGFormer),and VanillaNet models,respectively,effectively enhancing the recognition performance for combustion states in counterflow burners.展开更多
As a complicated optimization problem,parallel batch processing machines scheduling problem(PBPMSP)exists in many real-life manufacturing industries such as textiles and semiconductors.Machine eligibility means that a...As a complicated optimization problem,parallel batch processing machines scheduling problem(PBPMSP)exists in many real-life manufacturing industries such as textiles and semiconductors.Machine eligibility means that at least one machine is not eligible for at least one job.PBPMSP and scheduling problems with machine eligibility are frequently considered;however,PBPMSP with machine eligibility is seldom explored.This study investigates PBPMSP with machine eligibility in fabric dyeing and presents a novel shuffled frog-leaping algorithm with competition(CSFLA)to minimize makespan.In CSFLA,the initial population is produced in a heuristic and random way,and the competitive search of memeplexes comprises two phases.Competition between any two memeplexes is done in the first phase,then iteration times are adjusted based on competition,and search strategies are adjusted adaptively based on the evolution quality of memeplexes in the second phase.An adaptive population shuffling is given.Computational experiments are conducted on 100 instances.The computational results showed that the new strategies of CSFLA are effective and that CSFLA has promising advantages in solving the considered PBPMSP.展开更多
Fabric dyeing is a critical production process in the clothing industry and heavily relies on batch processing machines(BPM).In this study,the parallel BPM scheduling problem with machine eligibility in fabric dyeing ...Fabric dyeing is a critical production process in the clothing industry and heavily relies on batch processing machines(BPM).In this study,the parallel BPM scheduling problem with machine eligibility in fabric dyeing is considered,and an adaptive cooperated shuffled frog-leaping algorithm(ACSFLA)is proposed to minimize makespan and total tardiness simultaneously.ACSFLA determines the search times for each memeplex based on its quality,with more searches in high-quality memeplexes.An adaptive cooperated and diversified search mechanism is applied,dynamically adjusting search strategies for each memeplex based on their dominance relationships and quality.During the cooperated search,ACSFLA uses a segmented and dynamic targeted search approach,while in non-cooperated scenarios,the search focuses on local search around superior solutions to improve efficiency.Furthermore,ACSFLA employs adaptive population division and partial population shuffling strategies.Through these strategies,memeplexes with low evolutionary potential are selected for reconstruction in the next generation,while thosewithhighevolutionarypotential are retained to continue their evolution.Toevaluate the performance of ACSFLA,comparative experiments were conducted using ACSFLA,SFLA,ASFLA,MOABC,and NSGA-CC in 90 instances.The computational results reveal that ACSFLA outperforms the other algorithms in 78 of the 90 test cases,highlighting its advantages in solving the parallel BPM scheduling problem with machine eligibility.展开更多
针对现有交通监控场景下车辆目标检测算法参数多、计算量大,难以在资源有限的设备中部署的问题,提出一种基于YOLOv8改进的轻量型车辆目标检测算法GSE-YOLO。结合Ghost卷积技术,设计出一种轻量型特征提取模块C2fGhostv2,在减少计算负担...针对现有交通监控场景下车辆目标检测算法参数多、计算量大,难以在资源有限的设备中部署的问题,提出一种基于YOLOv8改进的轻量型车辆目标检测算法GSE-YOLO。结合Ghost卷积技术,设计出一种轻量型特征提取模块C2fGhostv2,在减少计算负担的同时保证良好的特征提取能力。在颈部网络,引入SA(shu ffl e attention)注意力机制,主动选择合适的特征图权重凸显重要特征信息,减少背景对车辆检测的干扰。引入新的损失函数EIOU,解决边界框的纵横比模糊问题,提高预测框精度。实验结果表明,在交通数据集UA-DETRAC上,GSE-YOLO在检测精度没有损失的情况下,相较于原始YOLOv8参数量降低36.11%,计算量降低29.21%,更适合在计算量有限的边缘设备上部署,具有实用价值。展开更多
文摘In this paper the geometric description and general theory of mechanical twinning are reviewed, the twins in general lattices and superlattices are summarized, and the kinetic process by which mechanical twins form is revisited. A case study of mechanical twinning of HfV2+Nb, (cubic) Laves phase, is presented and the synchroshear of selected atomic layers is proposed to explain the physical process of twin formation. If the twins form in this way, then long shear vectors and / or atomicshuffles are not really necessary.
文摘The Australian Shuffle consists of placing a deck of cards onto a table according to this rule: put the top card on the table, the next card on the bottom of the deck, and repeat until all the cards have been placed on the table. A natural question is “Where was the very last card placed located in the original deck?” Card trick magicians have known empirically for years that the fortieth card from the top of a standard fifty-two card deck is the final card placed by this shuffle. The moniker “Australian” comes from putting every other card “Down Under”. We develop a formula for the general case of N cards, and then extend that generalization further to cases involving the discard of k cards before or after putting one on the bottom of the deck. Finally, we discuss the connection of the Australian Shuffle and its generalizations to the famous Josephus problem.
文摘The counterflow burner is a combustion device used for research on combustion.By utilizing deep convolutional models to identify the combustion state of a counter flow burner through visible flame images,it facilitates the optimization of the combustion process and enhances combustion efficiency.Among existing deep convolutional models,InceptionNeXt is a deep learning architecture that integrates the ideas of the Inception series and ConvNeXt.It has garnered significant attention for its computational efficiency,remarkable model accuracy,and exceptional feature extraction capabilities.However,since this model still has limitations in the combustion state recognition task,we propose a Triple-Scale Multi-Stage InceptionNeXt(TSMS-InceptionNeXt)combustion state recognitionmethod based on feature extraction optimization.First,to address the InceptionNeXt model’s limited ability to capture dynamic features in flame images,we introduce Triplet Attention,which applies attention to the width,height,and Red Green Blue(RGB)dimensions of the flame images to enhance its ability to model dynamic features.Secondly,to address the issue of key information loss in the Inception deep convolution layers,we propose a Similarity-based Feature Concentration(SimC)mechanism to enhance the model’s capability to concentrate on critical features.Next,to address the insufficient receptive field of the model,we propose a Multi-Scale Dilated Channel Parallel Integration(MDCPI)mechanism to enhance the model’s ability to extract multi-scale contextual information.Finally,to address the issue of the model’s Multi-Layer Perceptron Head(MlpHead)neglecting channel interactions,we propose a Channel Shuffle-Guided Channel-Spatial Attention(ShuffleCS)mechanism,which integrates information from different channels to further enhance the representational power of the input features.To validate the effectiveness of the method,experiments are conducted on the counterflow burner flame visible light image dataset.The experimental results show that the TSMS-InceptionNeXt model achieved an accuracy of 85.71%on the dataset,improving by 2.38%over the baseline model and outperforming the baseline model’s performance.It achieved accuracy improvements of 10.47%,4.76%,11.19%,and 9.28%compared to the Reparameterized Visual Geometry Group(RepVGG),Squeeze-erunhanced Axial Transoformer(SeaFormer),Simplified Graph Transformers(SGFormer),and VanillaNet models,respectively,effectively enhancing the recognition performance for combustion states in counterflow burners.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Number 61573264).
文摘As a complicated optimization problem,parallel batch processing machines scheduling problem(PBPMSP)exists in many real-life manufacturing industries such as textiles and semiconductors.Machine eligibility means that at least one machine is not eligible for at least one job.PBPMSP and scheduling problems with machine eligibility are frequently considered;however,PBPMSP with machine eligibility is seldom explored.This study investigates PBPMSP with machine eligibility in fabric dyeing and presents a novel shuffled frog-leaping algorithm with competition(CSFLA)to minimize makespan.In CSFLA,the initial population is produced in a heuristic and random way,and the competitive search of memeplexes comprises two phases.Competition between any two memeplexes is done in the first phase,then iteration times are adjusted based on competition,and search strategies are adjusted adaptively based on the evolution quality of memeplexes in the second phase.An adaptive population shuffling is given.Computational experiments are conducted on 100 instances.The computational results showed that the new strategies of CSFLA are effective and that CSFLA has promising advantages in solving the considered PBPMSP.
文摘Fabric dyeing is a critical production process in the clothing industry and heavily relies on batch processing machines(BPM).In this study,the parallel BPM scheduling problem with machine eligibility in fabric dyeing is considered,and an adaptive cooperated shuffled frog-leaping algorithm(ACSFLA)is proposed to minimize makespan and total tardiness simultaneously.ACSFLA determines the search times for each memeplex based on its quality,with more searches in high-quality memeplexes.An adaptive cooperated and diversified search mechanism is applied,dynamically adjusting search strategies for each memeplex based on their dominance relationships and quality.During the cooperated search,ACSFLA uses a segmented and dynamic targeted search approach,while in non-cooperated scenarios,the search focuses on local search around superior solutions to improve efficiency.Furthermore,ACSFLA employs adaptive population division and partial population shuffling strategies.Through these strategies,memeplexes with low evolutionary potential are selected for reconstruction in the next generation,while thosewithhighevolutionarypotential are retained to continue their evolution.Toevaluate the performance of ACSFLA,comparative experiments were conducted using ACSFLA,SFLA,ASFLA,MOABC,and NSGA-CC in 90 instances.The computational results reveal that ACSFLA outperforms the other algorithms in 78 of the 90 test cases,highlighting its advantages in solving the parallel BPM scheduling problem with machine eligibility.
文摘针对现有交通监控场景下车辆目标检测算法参数多、计算量大,难以在资源有限的设备中部署的问题,提出一种基于YOLOv8改进的轻量型车辆目标检测算法GSE-YOLO。结合Ghost卷积技术,设计出一种轻量型特征提取模块C2fGhostv2,在减少计算负担的同时保证良好的特征提取能力。在颈部网络,引入SA(shu ffl e attention)注意力机制,主动选择合适的特征图权重凸显重要特征信息,减少背景对车辆检测的干扰。引入新的损失函数EIOU,解决边界框的纵横比模糊问题,提高预测框精度。实验结果表明,在交通数据集UA-DETRAC上,GSE-YOLO在检测精度没有损失的情况下,相较于原始YOLOv8参数量降低36.11%,计算量降低29.21%,更适合在计算量有限的边缘设备上部署,具有实用价值。
