Public service facilities are fundamental to our society,and their disruption could amplify losses and cause cascading effects during natural disasters.However,there is little knowledge about the exposure of public se...Public service facilities are fundamental to our society,and their disruption could amplify losses and cause cascading effects during natural disasters.However,there is little knowledge about the exposure of public service facilities to natural disasters,and even less under the scenarios of multiple hazards.This study integrated big data of public service facilities into a multi-hazard exposure as-sessment of floods and earthquakes of China in 2021.Results show that public service facilities in China are disproportionally exposed to floods and earthquakes.Flood and seismic exposure reach 50.36%and 10.69%,which are 4.14 times and 1.05 times of the shares of the two hazard zones;in the overlapping zone 4.76%of the facilities are concentrated,5.17 times of the overlapping zone’s share.Par-ticularly,exposure of public service facilities is relatively high in Northwest China,where both the protection standards for floods and earthquakes are relatively weak.Furthermore,financial facilities contribute the most to flood exposure,while scientific and educational facilities contribute most to the overlapping exposure.We further propose location-specific optimization measures for different types of public service facilities.Our findings shed light on a comprehensive understanding and proper risk management of multi-hazard expos-ure of public service facilities.The incorporation of big data into multi-hazard exposure analysis of public service facilities can be exten-ded to various regions,thereby offering a valuable tool for informed management of natural disaster risk.展开更多
Based on the CiteSpace visualization knowledge graph,this article conducts a visual analysis of the evolution of publication volume,distribution of national institutions,keyword clustering,and other related literature...Based on the CiteSpace visualization knowledge graph,this article conducts a visual analysis of the evolution of publication volume,distribution of national institutions,keyword clustering,and other related literature on aging friendly bathroom facilities in 502 Chinese and English articles,in order to analyze the research status,hotspots,and future research directions in this field.Through analysis,it was found that research in this field is showing an increasing trend,but there is still a need for relevant experts to actively engage in cross institutional,cross disciplinary,and cross national exchanges and cooperation.Emerging concepts such as smart homes and informatization have become new research hotspots.Moreover,research trend has shifted from macro level discussions to specific optimizations,and has shown characteristics of disciplinary integration and technology driven development.Overall,this study has identified the development direction for improving the level of technological application,emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary and international cooperation,and providing certain guidance for the construction of a research system for aging friendly bathroom facilities.展开更多
This year’s WSD draws attention to par tnerships for the SDGs.Therefore,China Association for Standardization(CAS)held the inauguration ceremony of the professional committee on smart elderly care facilities on Octob...This year’s WSD draws attention to par tnerships for the SDGs.Therefore,China Association for Standardization(CAS)held the inauguration ceremony of the professional committee on smart elderly care facilities on October 11 in Shenzhen.展开更多
Objectives:We systematically reviewed the rational use of medicines using the World Health Organization/International Network of Rational Use of Drugs(WHO/INRUD)core drug use indicators.We also assessed the impact of ...Objectives:We systematically reviewed the rational use of medicines using the World Health Organization/International Network of Rational Use of Drugs(WHO/INRUD)core drug use indicators.We also assessed the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and the National Drug Policy(NDP)2005 on the rational use of medicines.Methods:Searches were conducted in PubMed,Scopus,and Google Scholar databases to identify studies that met our eligibility criteria.Assessment of the quality of studies was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute criteria for analytical studies.We reported and compared the median values of WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators with standard thresholds.Data were presented with median,interquartile range(IQR),and percentages.MannWhitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were conducted to assess for statistical significance(P<0.05)across variables.Results:Thirty-one studies were included in the review,comprising 50,931 patient encounters across 268 health facilities.Within prescribing indicators,average number of medicines per patient encountered[3.4(IQR:3.0to 4.0)],percentage of medicines prescribed by generic[50.4%(IQR:47.4%to 65.0%)],percentage of encounters with antibiotic prescribed[40.2%(IQR:30.5%to 52.7%)],percentage of encounters with injection prescribed[18%(IQR:3.2%to 30.0%)]and the percentage of medicines prescribed from essential medicines list[82.0%(IQR:66.4%to 89.3%)].The median percentage of encounters with antibiotics(P=0.04)and the median percentage of medicines prescribed by generics(P=0.03)increased during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.Prescribing indicators were worse in primary and secondary health facilities,with significant differences in the median percentage of encounters with antibiotics(P=0.007)and injections(P=0.0002)across primary,secondary,and tertiary health facilities.There were improvements across all prescribing indicators after the implementation of NDP 2005.Conclusions:Core drug use indicators in Nigerian health facilities deviated from the WHO/INRUD thresholds,with noticeable improvement after the implementation of NDP 2005.More efforts are needed to improve rational drug use in Nigerian hospitals.展开更多
With the advancement of agricultural modernization, agricultural machinery service organizations, as an important part of the rural operating entities, show an increasing trend year by year, and need new facilities la...With the advancement of agricultural modernization, agricultural machinery service organizations, as an important part of the rural operating entities, show an increasing trend year by year, and need new facilities land in the process of development and growth. Based on the written survey of 597 agricultural machinery service organizations in Guizhou Province, the demand and demand gap of various facilities land use in agricultural machinery service organizations were analyzed and compared. In addition, based on the field survey and policy background, the main practices and experiences of agricultural machinery service organizations in Guizhou Province in the approval and use of facility land were sorted out, and the problems and causes of large gap in facility agricultural land, lack of standards and difficulty in policy implementation were analyzed. Finally, it recommended that the site selection of agricultural machinery service organization facilities needs to be standardized, the land demand needs to be coordinated, the land scale needs to be scientifically demonstrated, and financial support should be sought to promote Guizhou agricultural machinery service organization to become bigger, better and stronger.展开更多
In response to the capabilities presented by the High-Intensity Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility(HIAF) and the Accelerator-Driven Subcritical System(Ci ADS), as well as the proposed Chinese Advanced Nuclear Physics Rese...In response to the capabilities presented by the High-Intensity Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility(HIAF) and the Accelerator-Driven Subcritical System(Ci ADS), as well as the proposed Chinese Advanced Nuclear Physics Research Facility(CNUF), we are assembling a consortium of experts in relevant disciplines, both domestically and internationally,to delineate high-precision physics experiments that leverage the state-of-the-art research environment afforded by CNUF.Our focus encompasses six primary domains of inquiry: hadron physics—including endeavors such as the super eta factory and investigations into light hadron structures;muon physics;neutrino physics;neutron physics;the testing of fundamental symmetries;and the exploration of quantum effects within nuclear physics, along with the utilization of vortex accelerators.We aim to foster a well-rounded portfolio of large, medium, and small-scale projects, thus unlocking new scientific avenues and optimizing the potential of the Huizhou large scientific facility. The aspiration for international leadership in scientific research will be a guiding principle in our strategic planning. This initiative will serve as a foundational reference for the Institute of Modern Physics in its strategic planning and goal-setting, ensuring alignment with its developmental objectives while striving to secure a competitive edge in technological advancement. Our ambition is to engage in substantive research within these realms of high-precision physics, to pursue groundbreaking discoveries, and to stimulate progress in China's nuclear physics landscape, positioning Huizhou as a preeminent global hub for advanced nuclear physics research.展开更多
We report the results of the experiment on synthesizing ^(287,288)Mc isotopes (Z=115) using the fusionevaporation reaction ^(243)Am(^(48)Ca,4n,3n)^(287,288)Mc at the Spectrometer for Heavy Atoms and Nuclear Structure-...We report the results of the experiment on synthesizing ^(287,288)Mc isotopes (Z=115) using the fusionevaporation reaction ^(243)Am(^(48)Ca,4n,3n)^(287,288)Mc at the Spectrometer for Heavy Atoms and Nuclear Structure-2(SHANS2),a gas-filled recoil separator located at the China Accelerator Facility for Superheavy Elements(CAFE2).In total,20 decay chains are attributed to ^(288)Mc and 1 decay chain is assigned to ^(287)Mc.The measured oa-decay properties of ^(287,288)Mc as well as its descendants are consistent with the known data.No additional decay chains originating from the 2n or 5n reaction channels were detected.The excitation function of the ^(243)Am(^(48)Ca,3n)^(288)Mc reaction was measured at the cross-section level of picobarn,which indicates the promising capability for the study of heavy and superheavy nuclei at the facility.展开更多
Using Tongxian No.2 as material, the effects of different film-covering time, different sowing time and different planting density on the occurrence of freeze injury and yield of fresh broad beans were investigated. T...Using Tongxian No.2 as material, the effects of different film-covering time, different sowing time and different planting density on the occurrence of freeze injury and yield of fresh broad beans were investigated. The randomized block design was adopted. The results showed that with the delayed film covering, the incidence of mild freeze injury and number of headless seedlings were increased correspondingly, but the yield was increased; with the delayed sowing, the branch number per plant, effective branch number per plant, incidence of mild freeze injury and number of headless seedlings were all reduced, and the broad beans, sowed on September 30 th, obtained the highest yield; planting density showed on effect on the occurrence of freeze injury, and the yield was increased with the increase of planting density. Under the same film-covering time, the incidence of freeze injury was reduced with the delayed sowing time and it showed no changes when planting density was changed, but the yield was increased with the increase of planting density and it was highest when broad bean seeds were sowed on September 30th;under the same sowing time, the incidence of freeze injury was increased with the delayed film-covering time and it showed no changes when planting density was changed, and the yield was increased with the delayed film-covering time and increased planting density; under the same planting density, the incidence of freeze injury was increased with the delayed film-covering time but was reduced with the delayed sowing time, and the yield was increased with the delayed film-covering time and it was highest when the broad bean seeds were sowed on September30 th. Under same film-covering time and sowing time, the total branch number per plant and effective branch number per plant were reduced, but the yield was increased with the increase of planting density; under same film-covering time and planting density, the incidence of freeze injury was reduced with the delayed sowing time, and the yield was highest when broad bean seeds were sowed on September30th; under same sowing time and planting density, the incidence of freeze injury and the yield were all increased with the delayed film-covering time.展开更多
According to the operational characteristics of the logistics networks for the third party logistics supplier （3PLS）, the forward and reverse logistics networks together for 3PLS under the uncertain environment are ...According to the operational characteristics of the logistics networks for the third party logistics supplier （3PLS）, the forward and reverse logistics networks together for 3PLS under the uncertain environment are designed. First, a fuzzy model is proposed by taking multiple customers, multiple commodities, capacitated facility location and integrated logistics facility layout into account. In the model, the fuzzy customer demands and transportation rates are illustrated by triangular fuzzy numbers. Secondly, the fuzzy model is converted into a crisp model by applying fuzzy chance constrained theory and possibility theory, and one hybrid genetic algorithm is designed for the crisp model. Finally, two different examples are designed to illustrate that the model and solution discussed are valid.展开更多
This paper presents the technical parameters and features of 1 MWth test facilities for circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) at Thermal Power Research Institute (TPRI) of State Power Corporation (SP), introduce...This paper presents the technical parameters and features of 1 MWth test facilities for circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) at Thermal Power Research Institute (TPRI) of State Power Corporation (SP), introduces the test items that can be proceeded and trial combustion projects completed. The development status of CFBC technologies abroad and the level of China in this field are also introduced in the paper.展开更多
[Objective] To investigate and analyze the existing problems in the agricultural tourism facilities construction in southern Jiangsu area,and put forward the improvement measures so as to effectively promote the overa...[Objective] To investigate and analyze the existing problems in the agricultural tourism facilities construction in southern Jiangsu area,and put forward the improvement measures so as to effectively promote the overall development of agricultural tourism and the construction of new rural area. [Method] Adopting questionnaire survey and analyzing the differences of tourism facilities. [Result] The overall satisfaction of tourists in tourism facilities is 47.2%,a basically satisfying level; the least satisfaction level is 31.8% in public sanitation facilities after the satisfaction in recreation and explanation facilities. [Conclusion] With experiencing the ecology and returning to the nature as characteristics,the construction of facilities should comply with the theme of agricultural tourism to demonstrate the characteristics of agriculture and the local area,and in the scale of planning,architectural style and subject selection also should follow this principle. Investigations about the tourists resources should be carried on,the construction and management of transportation,greening and public sanitation facilities should be proceeded effectively to attract tourists to stay or come again and to realize the sustainable development of agricultural tourism.展开更多
Urban park is an important outdoor leisure space for urban citizens. The public facility in urban park is a functional environmental element connecting human beings and environment. Through analyzing the present situa...Urban park is an important outdoor leisure space for urban citizens. The public facility in urban park is a functional environmental element connecting human beings and environment. Through analyzing the present situation and application of public facilities in urban parks of Nanjing City, the existing problems and countermeasures were pointed out, in order to provide theoretical references for the construction of public facility in the urban parks.展开更多
After analyzing the concept of urban social psychology and environmental psychology, the paper considers that the city is an object shared by thousands of people from different classes, nationalities and characters, a...After analyzing the concept of urban social psychology and environmental psychology, the paper considers that the city is an object shared by thousands of people from different classes, nationalities and characters, and streets and roads are the skeleton and venation of the city, serving for transport and as spaces. Then, it has proposed principles for road landscape design. Based on environmental facilities on streets, urban environmental psychology has been put forward because transport function has been highlighted while space function has been neglected in urban construction, so that facilities' design and construction can be considered from the perspective of human. Finally, some suggestions have been raised in view of problems in mechanism and management during the design and construction of domestic street facilities.展开更多
The overuse of injection exists more than 20 years since economic reform in China.It is a persistent problem and seems becoming a new challenge in the new health reform period.This study was designed to assess the eff...The overuse of injection exists more than 20 years since economic reform in China.It is a persistent problem and seems becoming a new challenge in the new health reform period.This study was designed to assess the effect of national essential medicines policy(NEMP) on injection use at primary health facilities in China by investigating their prescription information.Questionnaires were designed and disseminated to collect empirical data on injection use at 120 primary health facilities in 6 provinces from January to September in 2010 and 2011.The injection use was measured as the indicator as the percentage of prescriptions with one or more injections.The results showed that the percentage of prescriptions with one or more injections was decreased from 38.91% to 36.82%(2 =11.158,P=0.001) in the all survey areas during the NEMP reform.The difference in level of the injection use in 2011 was significant among the eastern,central and western regions(2 =223.584,P=0.000);level of the injection use in western region was the lowest(27.73%),while that in the central region was the highest(43.10%).The level of the injection use in 2011 among different provinces was also of great difference(26.00%-58.25%,range:32.25%).The level of the injection use in 2011 was still much higher than the standard suggested by WHO for developing countries(13.4%-24.1%).It was concluded that NEMP has improved injection use in China,but the injection abuse situation remains serious,indicating that one of the priorities to the next stage of NEMP is to promote the rational use of drugs,especially the injection use.展开更多
Comfort is one of the important indicators evaluation of voice. In order to understand the urban neighborhood public space environment of comfort,this paper is to explore characteristics of consumer society on the pub...Comfort is one of the important indicators evaluation of voice. In order to understand the urban neighborhood public space environment of comfort,this paper is to explore characteristics of consumer society on the public space environment evaluation of the effect,and using the questionnaire survey method,to evaluate the Harbin city neighborhood area public space as the typical case analysis. Based on one of the main sound source in neighborhood public space,environment,business facilities environment as the breakthrough point,it is to consider neighborhood public space environment evaluation and social characteristics.展开更多
Objectives:This study aimed to explore the dignity and related factors among older adults in long-term care facilities.Methods:Cross-sectional data were obtained from a sample of 253 Chinese older adults dwelling in l...Objectives:This study aimed to explore the dignity and related factors among older adults in long-term care facilities.Methods:Cross-sectional data were obtained from a sample of 253 Chinese older adults dwelling in long-term care facilities.Dignity among older adults was measured using the Dignity Scale,and its potential correlates were explored using multiple linear regressions.Results:Results showed that the total score of the Dignity Scale is 151.95±11.75.From high to low,the different factors of dignity among older adults in long-term care facilities were as follows:caring factors(4.83±0.33),social factors(4.73±0.41),psychological factors(4.66±0.71),value factors(4.56±0.53),autonomous factors(4.50±0.57),and physical factors(4.38±0.55).A higher score of the Dignity Scale was associated with higher economic status,fewer chronic diseases,less medication,better daily living ability and long-time lived in cities.Conclusion:Older adults with low economic status,more chronic diseases,and poor daily living ability,taking more medications,or the previous residence in rural areas seem to be most at low-level dignity in long-term care facilities and thus require more attention than their peers.展开更多
Large accelerator facilities require clocks and triggers with high accuracy to synchronize equipment and devices. A new femtosecond timing system was designed to meet the demands of new facilities. In this system, the...Large accelerator facilities require clocks and triggers with high accuracy to synchronize equipment and devices. A new femtosecond timing system was designed to meet the demands of new facilities. In this system, the radio-frequency signal is modulated in a continuous-wave laser carrier with frequency stabilization, and timing events are distributed in the same fiber. The phase drift is detected precisely, based on the principle of the Michelson interferometer. The phase drift is compensated with coarse and fine correctors afterward. We aim to realize the stable transmission of the RF signal and timing events for a long distance and duration, with the phase drift and additive jitter in femtoseconds. After the extension, the system will become a complete solution for the clock-and-trigger distribution of synchrotron radiation facilities, free-electron lasers, and other accelerators. The physics design, simulation analysis, and preliminary results are included in the paper.展开更多
Much attention has been given to address public health policy in Saudi Arabia,particularly for the management,quality,and coverage issues.However,assessment of spatial patterns,distribution,and provision of public hea...Much attention has been given to address public health policy in Saudi Arabia,particularly for the management,quality,and coverage issues.However,assessment of spatial patterns,distribution,and provision of public health services has been neglected.This paper analyzes the availability and accessibility of public health facilities across Riyadh Governorate,Saudi Arabia at the subnational level.Spatial and attribute data of public health facilities potentially have been analyzed using GIS to produce accurate measure of accessibility.The spatial pattern of service distribution was examined using average nearest neighbor.Distances from demand points(populations)to providers(facilities)were calculated for each district using near analysis.In addition,the ratios of public health facility to population were calculated to identify underserved and overserved areas.The findings clearly indicate that the spatial pattern of the distribution of public health facilities was significantly clustered(p value<0.001)with Z-score of–10.9.Several districts within the central parts of the governorate were identified as having a higher density of facilities,while most of districts that are located in the marginal parts exhibit very low density of health facilities.Overall,there was a considerable variation in the average distance from district centroids to health facilities.Substantially,less than half of the population(45.4%)living in 61 districts has access to public health facility within less than 1-km distance.In contrast,the greatest increase in distances was observed for 6%of population living in 38 districts.People that live in such districts need to travel long distances for public health care.The output of this analysis can assist policy-makers and authorities of Riyadh Governorate in planning public health delivery.展开更多
Introduction: The incidence and severity of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has been increasing and long-term care facility (LTCF) residents are at high risk given their age, co-morbidities, and high antibiotic ...Introduction: The incidence and severity of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has been increasing and long-term care facility (LTCF) residents are at high risk given their age, co-morbidities, and high antibiotic exposure. Infection control policies are crucial for controlling CDI, but there are currently no regulatory guidelines in the United States. Therefore, we evaluated infection control policies in local LTCFs to define the CDI-specific policies and the administrative and staff understanding of CDI, so as to identify perceived barriers for compliance. Methods: IRB approval was sought and exemption granted, all 8 local LTCFs were asked to participate. Each facility was visited by study personnel who interviewed the administrative Infection Control Practitioner (ICP) and 3-4 Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs) with distinct survey format. Infection control policies were then compared to the SHEA recommendations for CDI in LTCFs. Results: Of the eligible facilities, 75% (n = 6) participated. ICP (n = 6) and LPNs (n = 21) were interviewed. All facilities accept residents with active CDI and 2 had written CDI-specific infection control policies. All facilities had hand hygiene or glove use policies and 2 had policies for the use of sporicidal environmental cleaning. No facility restricted antibiotic use. Each facility has a policy to instruct their staff through in-services, either annually or upon new hire, but 33% (n = 7) LPNs reported no facility-based CDI training. While 80% (n = 17) of LPNs felt comfortable with the facility CDI policies, only 11 accurately restated it. ICPs felt the most relevant barrier to staff compliance was time constraints (n = 4, 67%), however, LPNs felt it was limited knowledge (n = 10, 48%) and poor communication (n = 2, 10%). Discussion and Conclusions: With the increasing incidence and severity of CDI in LCTF, few of the facilities surveyed had CDI-specific policies. Despite CDI-specific training, there is a perceived knowledge and communication gap for staff caring for residents with CDI.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41871200,4210010257)。
文摘Public service facilities are fundamental to our society,and their disruption could amplify losses and cause cascading effects during natural disasters.However,there is little knowledge about the exposure of public service facilities to natural disasters,and even less under the scenarios of multiple hazards.This study integrated big data of public service facilities into a multi-hazard exposure as-sessment of floods and earthquakes of China in 2021.Results show that public service facilities in China are disproportionally exposed to floods and earthquakes.Flood and seismic exposure reach 50.36%and 10.69%,which are 4.14 times and 1.05 times of the shares of the two hazard zones;in the overlapping zone 4.76%of the facilities are concentrated,5.17 times of the overlapping zone’s share.Par-ticularly,exposure of public service facilities is relatively high in Northwest China,where both the protection standards for floods and earthquakes are relatively weak.Furthermore,financial facilities contribute the most to flood exposure,while scientific and educational facilities contribute most to the overlapping exposure.We further propose location-specific optimization measures for different types of public service facilities.Our findings shed light on a comprehensive understanding and proper risk management of multi-hazard expos-ure of public service facilities.The incorporation of big data into multi-hazard exposure analysis of public service facilities can be exten-ded to various regions,thereby offering a valuable tool for informed management of natural disaster risk.
文摘Based on the CiteSpace visualization knowledge graph,this article conducts a visual analysis of the evolution of publication volume,distribution of national institutions,keyword clustering,and other related literature on aging friendly bathroom facilities in 502 Chinese and English articles,in order to analyze the research status,hotspots,and future research directions in this field.Through analysis,it was found that research in this field is showing an increasing trend,but there is still a need for relevant experts to actively engage in cross institutional,cross disciplinary,and cross national exchanges and cooperation.Emerging concepts such as smart homes and informatization have become new research hotspots.Moreover,research trend has shifted from macro level discussions to specific optimizations,and has shown characteristics of disciplinary integration and technology driven development.Overall,this study has identified the development direction for improving the level of technological application,emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary and international cooperation,and providing certain guidance for the construction of a research system for aging friendly bathroom facilities.
文摘This year’s WSD draws attention to par tnerships for the SDGs.Therefore,China Association for Standardization(CAS)held the inauguration ceremony of the professional committee on smart elderly care facilities on October 11 in Shenzhen.
文摘Objectives:We systematically reviewed the rational use of medicines using the World Health Organization/International Network of Rational Use of Drugs(WHO/INRUD)core drug use indicators.We also assessed the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and the National Drug Policy(NDP)2005 on the rational use of medicines.Methods:Searches were conducted in PubMed,Scopus,and Google Scholar databases to identify studies that met our eligibility criteria.Assessment of the quality of studies was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute criteria for analytical studies.We reported and compared the median values of WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators with standard thresholds.Data were presented with median,interquartile range(IQR),and percentages.MannWhitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were conducted to assess for statistical significance(P<0.05)across variables.Results:Thirty-one studies were included in the review,comprising 50,931 patient encounters across 268 health facilities.Within prescribing indicators,average number of medicines per patient encountered[3.4(IQR:3.0to 4.0)],percentage of medicines prescribed by generic[50.4%(IQR:47.4%to 65.0%)],percentage of encounters with antibiotic prescribed[40.2%(IQR:30.5%to 52.7%)],percentage of encounters with injection prescribed[18%(IQR:3.2%to 30.0%)]and the percentage of medicines prescribed from essential medicines list[82.0%(IQR:66.4%to 89.3%)].The median percentage of encounters with antibiotics(P=0.04)and the median percentage of medicines prescribed by generics(P=0.03)increased during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.Prescribing indicators were worse in primary and secondary health facilities,with significant differences in the median percentage of encounters with antibiotics(P=0.007)and injections(P=0.0002)across primary,secondary,and tertiary health facilities.There were improvements across all prescribing indicators after the implementation of NDP 2005.Conclusions:Core drug use indicators in Nigerian health facilities deviated from the WHO/INRUD thresholds,with noticeable improvement after the implementation of NDP 2005.More efforts are needed to improve rational drug use in Nigerian hospitals.
文摘With the advancement of agricultural modernization, agricultural machinery service organizations, as an important part of the rural operating entities, show an increasing trend year by year, and need new facilities land in the process of development and growth. Based on the written survey of 597 agricultural machinery service organizations in Guizhou Province, the demand and demand gap of various facilities land use in agricultural machinery service organizations were analyzed and compared. In addition, based on the field survey and policy background, the main practices and experiences of agricultural machinery service organizations in Guizhou Province in the approval and use of facility land were sorted out, and the problems and causes of large gap in facility agricultural land, lack of standards and difficulty in policy implementation were analyzed. Finally, it recommended that the site selection of agricultural machinery service organization facilities needs to be standardized, the land demand needs to be coordinated, the land scale needs to be scientifically demonstrated, and financial support should be sought to promote Guizhou agricultural machinery service organization to become bigger, better and stronger.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.12075326)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (Grant No.2025A1515010669)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangzhou (Grant No.2024A04J6243)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities in Sun Yat-sen University (No.23xkjc017)the Innovation Training Program for bachelor students in Sun Yat-sen University。
文摘In response to the capabilities presented by the High-Intensity Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility(HIAF) and the Accelerator-Driven Subcritical System(Ci ADS), as well as the proposed Chinese Advanced Nuclear Physics Research Facility(CNUF), we are assembling a consortium of experts in relevant disciplines, both domestically and internationally,to delineate high-precision physics experiments that leverage the state-of-the-art research environment afforded by CNUF.Our focus encompasses six primary domains of inquiry: hadron physics—including endeavors such as the super eta factory and investigations into light hadron structures;muon physics;neutrino physics;neutron physics;the testing of fundamental symmetries;and the exploration of quantum effects within nuclear physics, along with the utilization of vortex accelerators.We aim to foster a well-rounded portfolio of large, medium, and small-scale projects, thus unlocking new scientific avenues and optimizing the potential of the Huizhou large scientific facility. The aspiration for international leadership in scientific research will be a guiding principle in our strategic planning. This initiative will serve as a foundational reference for the Institute of Modern Physics in its strategic planning and goal-setting, ensuring alignment with its developmental objectives while striving to secure a competitive edge in technological advancement. Our ambition is to engage in substantive research within these realms of high-precision physics, to pursue groundbreaking discoveries, and to stimulate progress in China's nuclear physics landscape, positioning Huizhou as a preeminent global hub for advanced nuclear physics research.
基金supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China (Contract Nos.2023YFA1606500,2024YFE0109800,and 2024YFE0110400)Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB34010000)+5 种基金the Gansu Key Project of Science and Technology (Grant No.23ZDGA014)the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research (Grant No.2021B0301030006)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12105328,W2412040,12475126,12422507,12035011,12375118,12435008,and W2412043)the Chinese Academy of Sciences Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(Grant No.YSBR-002)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant Nos.2020409 and 2023439)the Russian Science Foundation (Grant No.25-42-00003)。
文摘We report the results of the experiment on synthesizing ^(287,288)Mc isotopes (Z=115) using the fusionevaporation reaction ^(243)Am(^(48)Ca,4n,3n)^(287,288)Mc at the Spectrometer for Heavy Atoms and Nuclear Structure-2(SHANS2),a gas-filled recoil separator located at the China Accelerator Facility for Superheavy Elements(CAFE2).In total,20 decay chains are attributed to ^(288)Mc and 1 decay chain is assigned to ^(287)Mc.The measured oa-decay properties of ^(287,288)Mc as well as its descendants are consistent with the known data.No additional decay chains originating from the 2n or 5n reaction channels were detected.The excitation function of the ^(243)Am(^(48)Ca,3n)^(288)Mc reaction was measured at the cross-section level of picobarn,which indicates the promising capability for the study of heavy and superheavy nuclei at the facility.
基金Supported by Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund[CX(12)3006]Jiangsu Province Science and Technology Support Program,China(BE2013352)Study on Saving the Cost Facility Cultivation Techniques of High-quality,Safe and Efficient in Fresh Faba Bean(HL2014029)~~
文摘Using Tongxian No.2 as material, the effects of different film-covering time, different sowing time and different planting density on the occurrence of freeze injury and yield of fresh broad beans were investigated. The randomized block design was adopted. The results showed that with the delayed film covering, the incidence of mild freeze injury and number of headless seedlings were increased correspondingly, but the yield was increased; with the delayed sowing, the branch number per plant, effective branch number per plant, incidence of mild freeze injury and number of headless seedlings were all reduced, and the broad beans, sowed on September 30 th, obtained the highest yield; planting density showed on effect on the occurrence of freeze injury, and the yield was increased with the increase of planting density. Under the same film-covering time, the incidence of freeze injury was reduced with the delayed sowing time and it showed no changes when planting density was changed, but the yield was increased with the increase of planting density and it was highest when broad bean seeds were sowed on September 30th;under the same sowing time, the incidence of freeze injury was increased with the delayed film-covering time and it showed no changes when planting density was changed, and the yield was increased with the delayed film-covering time and increased planting density; under the same planting density, the incidence of freeze injury was increased with the delayed film-covering time but was reduced with the delayed sowing time, and the yield was increased with the delayed film-covering time and it was highest when the broad bean seeds were sowed on September30 th. Under same film-covering time and sowing time, the total branch number per plant and effective branch number per plant were reduced, but the yield was increased with the increase of planting density; under same film-covering time and planting density, the incidence of freeze injury was reduced with the delayed sowing time, and the yield was highest when broad bean seeds were sowed on September30th; under same sowing time and planting density, the incidence of freeze injury and the yield were all increased with the delayed film-covering time.
文摘According to the operational characteristics of the logistics networks for the third party logistics supplier （3PLS）, the forward and reverse logistics networks together for 3PLS under the uncertain environment are designed. First, a fuzzy model is proposed by taking multiple customers, multiple commodities, capacitated facility location and integrated logistics facility layout into account. In the model, the fuzzy customer demands and transportation rates are illustrated by triangular fuzzy numbers. Secondly, the fuzzy model is converted into a crisp model by applying fuzzy chance constrained theory and possibility theory, and one hybrid genetic algorithm is designed for the crisp model. Finally, two different examples are designed to illustrate that the model and solution discussed are valid.
基金This paper is an introduction of a key laboratory of SP.
文摘This paper presents the technical parameters and features of 1 MWth test facilities for circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) at Thermal Power Research Institute (TPRI) of State Power Corporation (SP), introduces the test items that can be proceeded and trial combustion projects completed. The development status of CFBC technologies abroad and the level of China in this field are also introduced in the paper.
基金Supported by"Study on the Tourism Facilities Construction in Agricultural Demonstration Zone"of National University Students Innovative Experiment Planning(GJ0733)~~
文摘[Objective] To investigate and analyze the existing problems in the agricultural tourism facilities construction in southern Jiangsu area,and put forward the improvement measures so as to effectively promote the overall development of agricultural tourism and the construction of new rural area. [Method] Adopting questionnaire survey and analyzing the differences of tourism facilities. [Result] The overall satisfaction of tourists in tourism facilities is 47.2%,a basically satisfying level; the least satisfaction level is 31.8% in public sanitation facilities after the satisfaction in recreation and explanation facilities. [Conclusion] With experiencing the ecology and returning to the nature as characteristics,the construction of facilities should comply with the theme of agricultural tourism to demonstrate the characteristics of agriculture and the local area,and in the scale of planning,architectural style and subject selection also should follow this principle. Investigations about the tourists resources should be carried on,the construction and management of transportation,greening and public sanitation facilities should be proceeded effectively to attract tourists to stay or come again and to realize the sustainable development of agricultural tourism.
文摘Urban park is an important outdoor leisure space for urban citizens. The public facility in urban park is a functional environmental element connecting human beings and environment. Through analyzing the present situation and application of public facilities in urban parks of Nanjing City, the existing problems and countermeasures were pointed out, in order to provide theoretical references for the construction of public facility in the urban parks.
文摘After analyzing the concept of urban social psychology and environmental psychology, the paper considers that the city is an object shared by thousands of people from different classes, nationalities and characters, and streets and roads are the skeleton and venation of the city, serving for transport and as spaces. Then, it has proposed principles for road landscape design. Based on environmental facilities on streets, urban environmental psychology has been put forward because transport function has been highlighted while space function has been neglected in urban construction, so that facilities' design and construction can be considered from the perspective of human. Finally, some suggestions have been raised in view of problems in mechanism and management during the design and construction of domestic street facilities.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 71173082)
文摘The overuse of injection exists more than 20 years since economic reform in China.It is a persistent problem and seems becoming a new challenge in the new health reform period.This study was designed to assess the effect of national essential medicines policy(NEMP) on injection use at primary health facilities in China by investigating their prescription information.Questionnaires were designed and disseminated to collect empirical data on injection use at 120 primary health facilities in 6 provinces from January to September in 2010 and 2011.The injection use was measured as the indicator as the percentage of prescriptions with one or more injections.The results showed that the percentage of prescriptions with one or more injections was decreased from 38.91% to 36.82%(2 =11.158,P=0.001) in the all survey areas during the NEMP reform.The difference in level of the injection use in 2011 was significant among the eastern,central and western regions(2 =223.584,P=0.000);level of the injection use in western region was the lowest(27.73%),while that in the central region was the highest(43.10%).The level of the injection use in 2011 among different provinces was also of great difference(26.00%-58.25%,range:32.25%).The level of the injection use in 2011 was still much higher than the standard suggested by WHO for developing countries(13.4%-24.1%).It was concluded that NEMP has improved injection use in China,but the injection abuse situation remains serious,indicating that one of the priorities to the next stage of NEMP is to promote the rational use of drugs,especially the injection use.
基金Sponsored by the National Science & Technology Pillar Program during the 12th Five-year Plan Period (Grant No.2013BAJ12B01)
文摘Comfort is one of the important indicators evaluation of voice. In order to understand the urban neighborhood public space environment of comfort,this paper is to explore characteristics of consumer society on the public space environment evaluation of the effect,and using the questionnaire survey method,to evaluate the Harbin city neighborhood area public space as the typical case analysis. Based on one of the main sound source in neighborhood public space,environment,business facilities environment as the breakthrough point,it is to consider neighborhood public space environment evaluation and social characteristics.
基金This work was supported by the Health Commission of Zhejiang Province(Grant number 2018KY544,2018).
文摘Objectives:This study aimed to explore the dignity and related factors among older adults in long-term care facilities.Methods:Cross-sectional data were obtained from a sample of 253 Chinese older adults dwelling in long-term care facilities.Dignity among older adults was measured using the Dignity Scale,and its potential correlates were explored using multiple linear regressions.Results:Results showed that the total score of the Dignity Scale is 151.95±11.75.From high to low,the different factors of dignity among older adults in long-term care facilities were as follows:caring factors(4.83±0.33),social factors(4.73±0.41),psychological factors(4.66±0.71),value factors(4.56±0.53),autonomous factors(4.50±0.57),and physical factors(4.38±0.55).A higher score of the Dignity Scale was associated with higher economic status,fewer chronic diseases,less medication,better daily living ability and long-time lived in cities.Conclusion:Older adults with low economic status,more chronic diseases,and poor daily living ability,taking more medications,or the previous residence in rural areas seem to be most at low-level dignity in long-term care facilities and thus require more attention than their peers.
基金supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(No.2016238)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11305246)
文摘Large accelerator facilities require clocks and triggers with high accuracy to synchronize equipment and devices. A new femtosecond timing system was designed to meet the demands of new facilities. In this system, the radio-frequency signal is modulated in a continuous-wave laser carrier with frequency stabilization, and timing events are distributed in the same fiber. The phase drift is detected precisely, based on the principle of the Michelson interferometer. The phase drift is compensated with coarse and fine correctors afterward. We aim to realize the stable transmission of the RF signal and timing events for a long distance and duration, with the phase drift and additive jitter in femtoseconds. After the extension, the system will become a complete solution for the clock-and-trigger distribution of synchrotron radiation facilities, free-electron lasers, and other accelerators. The physics design, simulation analysis, and preliminary results are included in the paper.
文摘Much attention has been given to address public health policy in Saudi Arabia,particularly for the management,quality,and coverage issues.However,assessment of spatial patterns,distribution,and provision of public health services has been neglected.This paper analyzes the availability and accessibility of public health facilities across Riyadh Governorate,Saudi Arabia at the subnational level.Spatial and attribute data of public health facilities potentially have been analyzed using GIS to produce accurate measure of accessibility.The spatial pattern of service distribution was examined using average nearest neighbor.Distances from demand points(populations)to providers(facilities)were calculated for each district using near analysis.In addition,the ratios of public health facility to population were calculated to identify underserved and overserved areas.The findings clearly indicate that the spatial pattern of the distribution of public health facilities was significantly clustered(p value<0.001)with Z-score of–10.9.Several districts within the central parts of the governorate were identified as having a higher density of facilities,while most of districts that are located in the marginal parts exhibit very low density of health facilities.Overall,there was a considerable variation in the average distance from district centroids to health facilities.Substantially,less than half of the population(45.4%)living in 61 districts has access to public health facility within less than 1-km distance.In contrast,the greatest increase in distances was observed for 6%of population living in 38 districts.People that live in such districts need to travel long distances for public health care.The output of this analysis can assist policy-makers and authorities of Riyadh Governorate in planning public health delivery.
文摘Introduction: The incidence and severity of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has been increasing and long-term care facility (LTCF) residents are at high risk given their age, co-morbidities, and high antibiotic exposure. Infection control policies are crucial for controlling CDI, but there are currently no regulatory guidelines in the United States. Therefore, we evaluated infection control policies in local LTCFs to define the CDI-specific policies and the administrative and staff understanding of CDI, so as to identify perceived barriers for compliance. Methods: IRB approval was sought and exemption granted, all 8 local LTCFs were asked to participate. Each facility was visited by study personnel who interviewed the administrative Infection Control Practitioner (ICP) and 3-4 Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs) with distinct survey format. Infection control policies were then compared to the SHEA recommendations for CDI in LTCFs. Results: Of the eligible facilities, 75% (n = 6) participated. ICP (n = 6) and LPNs (n = 21) were interviewed. All facilities accept residents with active CDI and 2 had written CDI-specific infection control policies. All facilities had hand hygiene or glove use policies and 2 had policies for the use of sporicidal environmental cleaning. No facility restricted antibiotic use. Each facility has a policy to instruct their staff through in-services, either annually or upon new hire, but 33% (n = 7) LPNs reported no facility-based CDI training. While 80% (n = 17) of LPNs felt comfortable with the facility CDI policies, only 11 accurately restated it. ICPs felt the most relevant barrier to staff compliance was time constraints (n = 4, 67%), however, LPNs felt it was limited knowledge (n = 10, 48%) and poor communication (n = 2, 10%). Discussion and Conclusions: With the increasing incidence and severity of CDI in LCTF, few of the facilities surveyed had CDI-specific policies. Despite CDI-specific training, there is a perceived knowledge and communication gap for staff caring for residents with CDI.
