1999–2021年,我国历经12次北极科学考察,获取了大量宝贵的极地海洋水文调查资料。历年以来的CTD调查设备为MARKⅢC CTD(第1、2次北极科学考察)和SBE911 Plus CTD(第3-12次北极科学考察),通过定点投放的方式获取海洋垂直断面的电导率、...1999–2021年,我国历经12次北极科学考察,获取了大量宝贵的极地海洋水文调查资料。历年以来的CTD调查设备为MARKⅢC CTD(第1、2次北极科学考察)和SBE911 Plus CTD(第3-12次北极科学考察),通过定点投放的方式获取海洋垂直断面的电导率、温度和深度数据,调查范围包含北极中央航道、楚科奇海、楚科奇海台、加拿大海盆、白令海峡、白令海、北欧海、北冰洋太平洋扇区等重点海域。通过数据格式转换、数据编辑、滤波和滞后处理、电导修正、起伏校正、衍生参数计算、生成等深间距文件、输出ASCII文件等过程对原始数据进行处理和质量控制,形成垂向分辨率为1 m,包含时间、经度、纬度、压强、深度、温度、盐度、密度、声速和位温等要素的数据集。通过比较同一变量两个传感器之间的数据差值和绘制T-S点聚图进一步评估处理后的数据质量。经评估,处理后的数据质量良好,剔除异常值后的双温盐传感器之间的差值在合理范围内。本数据集为北冰洋水团分布、环流研究、海洋环境变化及全球气候变化等提供了宝贵的现场资料。展开更多
In order to apply satellite data to guiding navigation in the Arctic more effectively,the sea ice concentrations(SIC)derived from passive microwave(PM)products were compared with ship-based visual observations(OBS)col...In order to apply satellite data to guiding navigation in the Arctic more effectively,the sea ice concentrations(SIC)derived from passive microwave(PM)products were compared with ship-based visual observations(OBS)collected during the Chinese National Arctic Research Expeditions(CHINARE).A total of 3667 observations were collected in the Arctic summers of 2010,2012,2014,2016,and 2018.PM SIC were derived from the NASA-Team(NT),Bootstrap(BT)and Climate Data Record(CDR)algorithms based on the SSMIS sensor,as well as the BT,enhanced NASA-Team(NT2)and ARTIST Sea Ice(ASI)algorithms based on AMSR-E/AMSR-2 sensors.The daily arithmetic average of PM SIC values and the daily weighted average of OBS SIC values were used for the comparisons.The correlation coefficients(CC),biases and root mean square deviations(RMSD)between PM SIC and OBS SIC were compared in terms of the overall trend,and under mild/normal/severe ice conditions.Using the OBS data,the influences of floe size and ice thickness on the SIC retrieval of different PM products were evaluated by calculating the daily weighted average of floe size code and ice thickness.Our results show that CC values range from 0.89(AMSR-E/AMSR-2 NT2)to 0.95(SSMIS NT),biases range from−3.96%(SSMIS NT)to 12.05%(AMSR-E/AMSR-2 NT2),and RMSD values range from 10.81%(SSMIS NT)to 20.15%(AMSR-E/AMSR-2 NT2).Floe size has a significant influence on the SIC retrievals of the PM products,and most of the PM products tend to underestimate SIC under smaller floe size conditions and overestimate SIC under larger floe size conditions.Ice thickness thicker than 30 cm does not have a significant influence on the SIC retrieval of PM products.Overall,the best(worst)agreement occurs between OBS SIC and SSMIS NT(AMSR-E/AMSR-2 NT2)SIC in the Arctic summer.展开更多
Based on the Chinese 19th National Antarctic Research Expedition,we carried out ship-based Antarctic sea-ice observa-tion on icebreaker Xue Long using Antarctic sea-ice process and climate (ASPeCt) criteria during aus...Based on the Chinese 19th National Antarctic Research Expedition,we carried out ship-based Antarctic sea-ice observa-tion on icebreaker Xue Long using Antarctic sea-ice process and climate (ASPeCt) criteria during austral summer.Sea-ice distribution data were obtained along nearly 6,500 km of the ship’s track.The measurement parameters included sea-ice thickness,sea-ice concentration,snow thickness,and floe size.Analysis showed the presence of the large spatial varia-tions of the observed sea-ice characteristics.Sea-ice concentration varied between 0 and 80 percent and reached its peak value in Weddell Sea because of the specific dynamical process affecting in summer sea-ice melting.There are large areas of open water along the study section.Sea ice and the upper snow thickness of the section varied between 10 cm and 210 cm and 2 cm and 80 cm,respectively,and each reaches its peak values near Amery ice shelf.The floe size varied from less than 10 cm and the maximum of more than 2,000 km along the section.展开更多
海洋剖面信息对于指导渔业生产非常重要,尤其是了解海洋温度、深度和盐度等关键参数,这对渔业生产者快速掌握目标鱼种的海域环境及其变化趋势具有重要意义。研究并开发了一款面向远洋渔业生产作业的高效温深盐仪(conductivity,temperatu...海洋剖面信息对于指导渔业生产非常重要,尤其是了解海洋温度、深度和盐度等关键参数,这对渔业生产者快速掌握目标鱼种的海域环境及其变化趋势具有重要意义。研究并开发了一款面向远洋渔业生产作业的高效温深盐仪(conductivity,temperature and depth,CTD)数据处理系统,通过与CTD设备直接通信,实现即时传输和实时分析海洋温度、深度等关键参数,为渔业生产提供决策支持。该系统采用树莓派4B作为硬件平台,使用Python语言进行开发,结合Matplotlib库实现数据的可视化功能。系统通过RS232/RS485数据接收模块与CTD仪器进行通讯,实时传输和分析海洋数据,并提供判断温跃层和特定水温深度的功能。该系统显著提升了海洋剖面数据的处理和查询效率,使得渔业生产者能够更加精准地进行捕捞,大大提高了渔业生产中的决策效率。此外,该系统的便携性和操作简便性使得非专业背景的渔民也能轻松使用,使渔民能够充分利用现有科技进行捕捞,切实体验到科技带来的便利和效益。通过高效CTD数据处理系统,渔业生产者不仅能够更快、更准确地获取关键海洋数据,还能及时调整捕捞策略,提高捕捞成功率,最终实现渔业生产的可持续发展。展开更多
文摘1999–2021年,我国历经12次北极科学考察,获取了大量宝贵的极地海洋水文调查资料。历年以来的CTD调查设备为MARKⅢC CTD(第1、2次北极科学考察)和SBE911 Plus CTD(第3-12次北极科学考察),通过定点投放的方式获取海洋垂直断面的电导率、温度和深度数据,调查范围包含北极中央航道、楚科奇海、楚科奇海台、加拿大海盆、白令海峡、白令海、北欧海、北冰洋太平洋扇区等重点海域。通过数据格式转换、数据编辑、滤波和滞后处理、电导修正、起伏校正、衍生参数计算、生成等深间距文件、输出ASCII文件等过程对原始数据进行处理和质量控制,形成垂向分辨率为1 m,包含时间、经度、纬度、压强、深度、温度、盐度、密度、声速和位温等要素的数据集。通过比较同一变量两个传感器之间的数据差值和绘制T-S点聚图进一步评估处理后的数据质量。经评估,处理后的数据质量良好,剔除异常值后的双温盐传感器之间的差值在合理范围内。本数据集为北冰洋水团分布、环流研究、海洋环境变化及全球气候变化等提供了宝贵的现场资料。
基金The National Major Research High Resolution Sea Ice Model Development Program of China under contract No.2018YFA0605903the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 51639003,41876213 and 41906198+1 种基金the Hightech Ship Research Project of China under contract No.350631009the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talent of China under contract No.BX20190051.
文摘In order to apply satellite data to guiding navigation in the Arctic more effectively,the sea ice concentrations(SIC)derived from passive microwave(PM)products were compared with ship-based visual observations(OBS)collected during the Chinese National Arctic Research Expeditions(CHINARE).A total of 3667 observations were collected in the Arctic summers of 2010,2012,2014,2016,and 2018.PM SIC were derived from the NASA-Team(NT),Bootstrap(BT)and Climate Data Record(CDR)algorithms based on the SSMIS sensor,as well as the BT,enhanced NASA-Team(NT2)and ARTIST Sea Ice(ASI)algorithms based on AMSR-E/AMSR-2 sensors.The daily arithmetic average of PM SIC values and the daily weighted average of OBS SIC values were used for the comparisons.The correlation coefficients(CC),biases and root mean square deviations(RMSD)between PM SIC and OBS SIC were compared in terms of the overall trend,and under mild/normal/severe ice conditions.Using the OBS data,the influences of floe size and ice thickness on the SIC retrieval of different PM products were evaluated by calculating the daily weighted average of floe size code and ice thickness.Our results show that CC values range from 0.89(AMSR-E/AMSR-2 NT2)to 0.95(SSMIS NT),biases range from−3.96%(SSMIS NT)to 12.05%(AMSR-E/AMSR-2 NT2),and RMSD values range from 10.81%(SSMIS NT)to 20.15%(AMSR-E/AMSR-2 NT2).Floe size has a significant influence on the SIC retrievals of the PM products,and most of the PM products tend to underestimate SIC under smaller floe size conditions and overestimate SIC under larger floe size conditions.Ice thickness thicker than 30 cm does not have a significant influence on the SIC retrieval of PM products.Overall,the best(worst)agreement occurs between OBS SIC and SSMIS NT(AMSR-E/AMSR-2 NT2)SIC in the Arctic summer.
基金Funding for this study has been provided by Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.40271026China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under contract No.20060400210+1 种基金China National Society Commonweal Research Project under contract No.2001DLA50040-03the support of K.C.Wong Education Foundation,Hong Kong
文摘Based on the Chinese 19th National Antarctic Research Expedition,we carried out ship-based Antarctic sea-ice observa-tion on icebreaker Xue Long using Antarctic sea-ice process and climate (ASPeCt) criteria during austral summer.Sea-ice distribution data were obtained along nearly 6,500 km of the ship’s track.The measurement parameters included sea-ice thickness,sea-ice concentration,snow thickness,and floe size.Analysis showed the presence of the large spatial varia-tions of the observed sea-ice characteristics.Sea-ice concentration varied between 0 and 80 percent and reached its peak value in Weddell Sea because of the specific dynamical process affecting in summer sea-ice melting.There are large areas of open water along the study section.Sea ice and the upper snow thickness of the section varied between 10 cm and 210 cm and 2 cm and 80 cm,respectively,and each reaches its peak values near Amery ice shelf.The floe size varied from less than 10 cm and the maximum of more than 2,000 km along the section.
文摘海洋剖面信息对于指导渔业生产非常重要,尤其是了解海洋温度、深度和盐度等关键参数,这对渔业生产者快速掌握目标鱼种的海域环境及其变化趋势具有重要意义。研究并开发了一款面向远洋渔业生产作业的高效温深盐仪(conductivity,temperature and depth,CTD)数据处理系统,通过与CTD设备直接通信,实现即时传输和实时分析海洋温度、深度等关键参数,为渔业生产提供决策支持。该系统采用树莓派4B作为硬件平台,使用Python语言进行开发,结合Matplotlib库实现数据的可视化功能。系统通过RS232/RS485数据接收模块与CTD仪器进行通讯,实时传输和分析海洋数据,并提供判断温跃层和特定水温深度的功能。该系统显著提升了海洋剖面数据的处理和查询效率,使得渔业生产者能够更加精准地进行捕捞,大大提高了渔业生产中的决策效率。此外,该系统的便携性和操作简便性使得非专业背景的渔民也能轻松使用,使渔民能够充分利用现有科技进行捕捞,切实体验到科技带来的便利和效益。通过高效CTD数据处理系统,渔业生产者不仅能够更快、更准确地获取关键海洋数据,还能及时调整捕捞策略,提高捕捞成功率,最终实现渔业生产的可持续发展。
