Jiangsu Niupai Machinery&Elecronics Co,ltd.is National Specialized and New"Little Giant"Enterprise,National High&New Technological Enterprise,Jiangsu Provincial Research Center of Loom Shedding Engin...Jiangsu Niupai Machinery&Elecronics Co,ltd.is National Specialized and New"Little Giant"Enterprise,National High&New Technological Enterprise,Jiangsu Provincial Research Center of Loom Shedding Engineering Technology and Jiangsu Provincial Enterprise Technology Center.The company has obtained SGS-certified ISO9001 quality management system,a globally recognized standard.Niupai specializes in the R&D and manufacturing of cam shedding device,dobby shedding device,jacquard shedding device and heald frames for water-jet looms,air-jet looms as well as rapier looms.展开更多
Changshu Textile Machinery Works Co.,Ltd.was founded in 1958 and is a professional R&D and manufacturing enterprise of looms shedding device in China.The company's products cover three series of shedding devic...Changshu Textile Machinery Works Co.,Ltd.was founded in 1958 and is a professional R&D and manufacturing enterprise of looms shedding device in China.The company's products cover three series of shedding devices for looms(Dobby,Jacquard,Cam Motion),forming a series of products with electronic shedding devices as the main products,and mechanical shedding devices as the auxiliary products.D2876pro electronic dobby The D2876pro electronic dobby is a high-performance equipment designed for a maximum operating speed of 800rpm.It has 16 cams,and 12mm of pitch,with a high installation type.The shedding type is double lift and full clear open.Its maximum wefts is 12,800 and 100,000.It has a two-stage filtration lubrication with a gerotor pump oil recycle system,and it is suitable for water-jet looms.展开更多
A robust Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)based solver is established to predict the complex unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of the Active Flap Control(AFC)rotor.The complex motion with multiple degrees of fr...A robust Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)based solver is established to predict the complex unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of the Active Flap Control(AFC)rotor.The complex motion with multiple degrees of freedom of the Trailing Edge Flap(TEF)is analyzed by employing an inverse nested overset grid method.Simulation of non-rotational and rotational modes of blade motion are carried out to investigate the formation and development of TEF shedding vortex with high-frequency deflection of TEF.Moreover,the mechanism of TEF deflection interference with blade tip vortex and overall rotor aerodynamics is also explored.In nonrotational mode,two bundles of vortices form at the gap ends of TEF and the main blade and merge into a single TEF vortex.Dynamic deflection of the TEF significantly interferes with the blade tip vortex.The position of the blade tip vortex consistently changes,and its frequency is directly related to the frequency of TEF deflection.In rotational mode,the tip vortex forms a helical structure.The end vortices at the gap sides co-swirl and subsequently merge into the concentrated beam of tip vortices,causing fluctuations in the vorticity and axial position of the tip vortex under the rotor.This research concludes with the investigation on suppression of Blade Vortex Interaction(BVI),showing an increase in miss distance and reduction in the vorticity of tip vortex through TEF phase control at a particular control frequency.Through this mechanism,a designed TEF deflection law increases the miss distance by 34.7%and reduces vorticity by 11.9%at the target position,demonstrating the effectiveness of AFC in mitigating BVI.展开更多
The electro⁃thermal anti/de-icing systems have high heating efficiency and relatively simple structures,marking them as a key development direction for future icing protection.Existing simulation algorithms for electr...The electro⁃thermal anti/de-icing systems have high heating efficiency and relatively simple structures,marking them as a key development direction for future icing protection.Existing simulation algorithms for electrothermal de-icing seldom delve into comprehensive ice accretion-melting-deicing models that account for ice shedding.Therefore,the detachment behavior of ice layers during the heating process requires in-depth research and discussion.This paper physically models the phenomenon of ice shedding,incorporates the detachment behavior of ice layers during heating,improves the existing mathematical model for electro-thermal de-icing calculations,establishes an ice accretion-melting-deicing model for electro-thermal de-icing systems,and conducts numerical simulation,verification and optimization analysis of electro-thermal de-icing considering ice shedding.Through multi-condition de-icing numerical simulations of a specific wing model,it is found that ambient temperature can serve as a factor for adapting the electro heating anti/de-icing strategy to the environment.An optimization of heating heat flux density and heating/cooling time is conducted for the wing de-icing control law under the calculated conditions.The improved electrothermal de-icing model and algorithm developed in this paper provide solid technical support for the design of electrothermal de-icing systems.展开更多
Rock sheds are widely used to prevent rockfall disasters along roads in mountainous areas.To improve the capacity of rock sheds for resisting rockfall impact,a sand and expandable polyethylene(EPE)composite cushion wa...Rock sheds are widely used to prevent rockfall disasters along roads in mountainous areas.To improve the capacity of rock sheds for resisting rockfall impact,a sand and expandable polyethylene(EPE)composite cushion was proposed.A series of model experiments of rockfall impact on rock sheds were conducted,and the buried depth of the EPE foam board in the sand layer was considered.The impact load and dynamic response of the rock shed were investigated.The results show that the maximum impact load and dynamic response of the rock shed roof are all significantly less than those of the sand cushion.Moreover,as the distance between the EPE foam board and rock shed roof decreases,the maximum rockfall impact force and impact pressure gradually decrease,and the maximum displacement,acceleration and strain of the rock shed first decrease and then change little.In addition,the vibration acceleration and vertical displacement of the rock shed roof decrease from the centre to the edge and decrease faster along the longitudinal direction than that along the transverse direction.In conclusion,the buffering effect of the sand-EPE composite cushion is better than that of the pure sand cushion,and the EPE foam board at a depth of 1/3 the thickness of the sand layer is appropriate.展开更多
Rock shed is an effective protection measure against rockfall.To investigate the influences of falling rock’s shape and impact angle on the impact effect of the cushioned rock shed,a modeling approach for a rock shed...Rock shed is an effective protection measure against rockfall.To investigate the influences of falling rock’s shape and impact angle on the impact effect of the cushioned rock shed,a modeling approach for a rock shed with a cushion layer using PFC-FLAC.The granular cushion is modeled as an aggregate of discrete non-cohesion particles,while the concrete plate and the beam are modeled as zones.The falling rock with different sphericities and impact angles is modeled as a rigid assembly.The numerical model is validated by comparing the simulation results with experimental and numerical results from previous literature.This model is applied to analyze the effects of rock shape and impact angle on the dynamic interaction effects between falling rock and cushioned rock shed,including the impact force,transmitted bottom force,penetration depth,and plate deflection.The numerical results show that the variation in the falling rock’s shape has different effects on the falling rock with different impact angles.These findings could support rock shed design by revealing the limitations of the assumptions in the past research,which may result in unsafe rock sheds for some rockfall cases.展开更多
Fruitlet calyx shedding in pear plants is apparently regulated via numerous pathways that involve both environmental triggers and phytohormones cues such as auxin. In this study, we found at 10 days after full bloom (...Fruitlet calyx shedding in pear plants is apparently regulated via numerous pathways that involve both environmental triggers and phytohormones cues such as auxin. In this study, we found at 10 days after full bloom (DAFB) higher levels of indoleacetic acid (IAA) and tryptophan (Trp) in calyx persistence fruitlet (CPF) than calyx shedding fruitlet (CSF) ofDanshan Suli’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rhed.). Consisting with this, the activity of indolealdehyde oxidase (IAAIdO), which promotes IAA synthesis, was remarkably increased, and that of peroxidase(POD), which degrades IAA, dropped markedly in CPF but not in CSF. Further, qRT-PCR results revealed that most of 31 PbrARFs (encoding auxin response factors) in Pyrus bretschneideri were highly expressed in CPF, whereas PbrARF4, PbrARF24 and PbrARF26 were significantly downregulated in CPF vis-a-vis CSF. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 6 PbrARFs clustered in the group III, where PbrARF4 showed the closest affinity with AtARF1 that promotes organ abscission, indicating a putative role of PbrARF4 in mediating the process of calyx shedding in pear. In fact, the ectopic overexpression of PbrARF4 in Solanum lycopersicum resulted in an earlier-formed and deeper abscission layer (AL) in the transgenic plants, whose calyxes were more prone to wilt at the mature red stage (MR) compared with the control plants (wild-type). More importantly, expression levels of the abscission genes SILS and Sl Cel2 in transgenic plants overexpressing PbrARF4 were significantly upregulated in comparation with the WT, whereas those of Sl BI and Sl TAPG2 were considerably inhibited. Further, PbrJOINTLESS and PbrIDA,the two genes related to calyx shedding in pear, were up-regulated more in CSF than CPF. The findings contribute to a better understanding of PbrARFs involved in fruitlet calyx shedding of pear, which could prove beneficial to improving the quality of pear fruit.展开更多
Load shedding is a major problem in Central Africa, with negative consequences for both society and the economy. However, load profile analysis can help to alleviate this problem by providing valuable information abou...Load shedding is a major problem in Central Africa, with negative consequences for both society and the economy. However, load profile analysis can help to alleviate this problem by providing valuable information about consumer demand. This information can be used by power utilities to forecast and reduce power cuts effectively. In this study, the direct method was used to create load profiles for residential feeders in Kinshasa. The results showed that load shedding on weekends results in significant financial losses and changes in people’s behavior. In November 2022 alone, load shedding was responsible for $ 23,4 08,984 and $ 2 80,9 07,808 for all year in losses. The study also found that the SAIDI index for the southern direction of the Kinshasa distribution network was 122.49 hours per feeder, on average. This means that each feeder experienced an average of 5 days of load shedding in November 2022. The SAIFI index was 20 interruptions per feeder, on average, and the CAIDI index was 6 hours, on average, before power was restored. This study also proposes ten strategies for the reduction of load shedding in the Kinshasa and central Africa power distribution network and for the improvement of its reliability, namely: Improved load forecasting, Improvement of the grid infrastructure, Scheduling of load shedding, Demand management programs, Energy efficiency initiatives, Distributed Generation, Automation and Monitoring of the Grid, Education and engagement of the consumer, Policy and regulatory assistance, and Updated load profile analysis.展开更多
The tower line system will be in an unsafe status due to uniform or uneven fall of ice coating which is attached to the surface of tower and lines.The fall of ice could be caused by wind action or thermal force.In ord...The tower line system will be in an unsafe status due to uniform or uneven fall of ice coating which is attached to the surface of tower and lines.The fall of ice could be caused by wind action or thermal force.In order to study the dynamic characteristics of the self-failure of the transmission line under the action of dynamicwind load,a finite elementmodel of the two-span transmission tower line system was established.The birth and death element methods are used to simulate the icing and shedding of the line.Tensile failure strength is the shedding criterion for ice coating.The fluctuating wind speed time history of the tower line systemis first simulated,and then the fluctuating wind and the average wind are superimposed to generate the instantaneous wind speed and converted into wind load.The dynamic response of the transmission tower line systemunder iced coupling with different wind speeds and different thicknesses of ice coating was studied.This is the first attempt that the coupling dynamic response of the icing shedding and wind load for the transmission tower-line system is discussed in this paper.In addition,the dynamic characteristics of wind are included.In particular,the limiting mechanical conditions are considered.According to the simulation results,it is found:because of the ice shedding,the stress of the conductor changes obviously in the first 20 seconds,and the ground wire changes sharply in the first two seconds;the icing of the conductor(ground)wire is gradually deicing under the action of wind vibration;the displacement of tower top increases with the increase of wind speed and icing thickness.展开更多
The pig-on-litter system is characterized by reduced environmental pollution and high-quality pork. It has won the support of the government and the acceptance of market. It is urgent to develop the supporting facilit...The pig-on-litter system is characterized by reduced environmental pollution and high-quality pork. It has won the support of the government and the acceptance of market. It is urgent to develop the supporting facilities and products to promote the comprehensive promotion of this technology. Based on the climatic and hydro- logical conditions in Jiangsu Province, we designed the removable deep-litter breed- ing shed. Its construction costs were lower than that of ordinary water-flushed pig- gery. In addition, this breeding system would not consolidate the land. The indoor ventilation and heat-conservation performances also met the requirements by pig-on- litter system. The removable shed can be promoted as an important supporting technology for the deep-litter breeding model in the eastern China.展开更多
In order to compare the advantages and disadvantages of large-shed,middle-shed and small-shed upland seedling nurturing modes in japonica rice planting regions of North China, in this study, Tongyin 58, Tonghe 836 and...In order to compare the advantages and disadvantages of large-shed,middle-shed and small-shed upland seedling nurturing modes in japonica rice planting regions of North China, in this study, Tongyin 58, Tonghe 836 and Tonghe 835 were used as experimental materials and cultivated with large-shed, middle-shed and small-shed upland seedling nurturing modes to investigate active and effective accumulated temperature and rice seedling quality. According to the results, active and effective accumulated temperature in three different upland seedling nurturing treatments during seedling nurturing period were generally in a descending order of large shed 〉 middle shed 〉 small shed. The occurrence frequency of temperature exceeding the biological upper limit for rice growth in different upland seedling nurturing treatments demonstrated a descending order of large shed 〉 small shed 〉middle shed; the occurrence frequency of temperature below the biological lower limit demonstrated a descending order of small shed 〉 middle shed 〉 large shed.Plant height, root number, aboveground dry weight, underground dry weight and emergence rate varied significantly among different upland seedling nurturing modes,which showed a descending order of large shed 〉 middle shed 〉 small shed; leaf age and stem number in large shed was significantly higher than that in middle and small sheds, but there was no significant difference in leaf age and stem number between middle and small sheds; underground dry weight varied slightly between large and middle shed, but underground dry weight in large and middle shed was remarkably higher than that in small shed. In production, large-shed upland seedling nurturing is most appropriate technique, followed by middle-shed upland seedling nurturing. In large-shed upland seedling nurturing, ventilation and seedling hardening should be strengthened. Small-shed upland seedling nurturing technique is not recommended to be used in regions with low accumulated temperature at night. In small-shed upland seedling nurturing, the minimum temperature at night should be concerned, and heat preservation measures should be taken immediately when there is a sudden drop in temperature.展开更多
Considering the escalating usage of renewa-ble energy and rising frequency of extreme meteorological events,the risk of emergency load shedding(ELS)in power grids due to faults is increasing.The existing ELS strategie...Considering the escalating usage of renewa-ble energy and rising frequency of extreme meteorological events,the risk of emergency load shedding(ELS)in power grids due to faults is increasing.The existing ELS strategies fail to provide users with advance warnings and blackout preparation time.To address this issue,an in-novative strategy called warning and delayed load shed-ding is proposed in this study.In this approach,when it becomes necessary to shed load for emergency control,users are immediately notified with a power outage warning.Subsequently,energy storage and other regula-tory resources are employed to substitute for load shed-ding,thus postponing the execution of the load shedding command.This delay equips users with the ability and time to respond and prepare.To implement this strategy,the operational principles supported by energy storage and backup power are further discussed.Five perfor-mance indexes are utilized to evaluate the delayed load shedding capability.Moreover,the delayed load shedding switch function and energy storage power balance equa-tion are constructed to determine the relationship be-tween energy storage,backup power sources,and load shedding time.Subsequently,two optimized load shed-ding models supported by energy storage are established,i.e.,maximum and flexible delayed models.For compar-ison,improvements are made to the conventional load shedding model without delay by incorporating energy storage.An IEEE 30-node network with energy storage is used to test the three load shedding models.Accordingly,the evaluation indexes are calculated and compared.The results of the performance indexes and comparative analysis validate the effectiveness of the proposed meth-ods,indicating that by using energy storage,users can be notified with advance power outage warnings and prep-aration time.展开更多
Vortex-acoustic coupling is one of the most important potential sources of combustion instability in solid rocket motors （SRMs）. Based on the Von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics （VKI） experimental motor, the i...Vortex-acoustic coupling is one of the most important potential sources of combustion instability in solid rocket motors （SRMs）. Based on the Von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics （VKI） experimental motor, the influence of the thermal inhibitor position and temperature on vortex-shedding-driven pressure oscillations is numerically studied via the large eddy simulation （LES） method. The simulation results demonstrate that vortex shedding is a periodic process and its accurate frequency can be numerically obtained. Acoustic modes could be easily excited by vortex shedding. The vortex shedding frequency and second acoustic frequency dominate the pressure oscillation characteristics in the chamber. Thermal inhibitor position and gas temperature have little effect on vortex shedding frequency, but have great impact on pressure oscillation amplitude. Pressure amplitude is much higher when the thermal inhibitor locates at the acoustic velocity anti-nodes. The farther the thermal inhibitor is to the nozzle head, the more vortex energy would be dissipated by the turbulence. Therefore, the vortex shedding amplitude at the second acoustic velocity antinode near 3/4L （L is chamber length） is larger than those of others. Besides, the natural acoustic frequencies increase with the gas temperature. As the vortex shedding frequency departs from the natural acoustic frequency, the vortex-acoustic feedback loop is decoupled. Consequently, both the vortex shedding and acoustic amplitudes decrease rapidly.展开更多
The flow past a circular-section cylinder with a conic shroud perforated with four holes at the peak was simulated numerically at Re = 100, considering two factors, viz.the angle of attack and the diameter of the hole...The flow past a circular-section cylinder with a conic shroud perforated with four holes at the peak was simulated numerically at Re = 100, considering two factors, viz.the angle of attack and the diameter of the holes. The effects of the perforated conic shroud on the vortex shedding pattern in the near wake was mainly investigated, as well as the time history of the drag and lift forces. In the investigated parameter space, three flow regimes were generally identified, corresponding to weak, moderate, and strong disturbance effects.In regime I, the wake can mainly be described by alternately shedding Kármán or Kármán-like vortices. In regime II, the spanwise vortices are obviously disturbed along the span due to the appearance of additional vorticity components and their interactions with the spanwise vortices, but still shed in synchronization along the spanwise direction. In regime III,the typical Kármán vortices partially or totally disappear,and some new vortex shedding patterns appear, such as-type, obliquely shedding, and crossed spanwise vortices with opposite sign. Corresponding to these complex vortex shedding patterns in the near wake, the fluid forces no longer oscillate regularly at a single vortex shedding frequency, but rather with a lower modulation frequency and multiple amplitudes. An overview of these flow regimes is presented.展开更多
Numerous membrane proteins are cleaved by tumor necrosis factor-α converting enzyme （TACE）, which causes the release of their ectodomains. An ADAM （a disintegrin and metalloprotease domain） family member, TACE co...Numerous membrane proteins are cleaved by tumor necrosis factor-α converting enzyme （TACE）, which causes the release of their ectodomains. An ADAM （a disintegrin and metalloprotease domain） family member, TACE contains several noncatalytic domains whose roles in ectodomain shedding have yet to be fully resolved. Here, we have explored the function of the transmembrane domain （TM） of TACE by coupling molecular engineering and functional analysis. A TM-free TACE construct that is anchored to the plasma membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol （GPI）-binding polypeptide failed to restore shedding of transforming growth factor-or （TGF-α）, tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） and L-selectin in cells lacking endogenous TACE activity. Substitution of the TACE TM with that of the prolactin receptor or platelet-derived growth factor receptor （PDGFR） also resulted in severe loss of TGF-α shedding, but had no effects on the cleavage of TNF-α and L-selectin. Replacement of the TM in TGF-α with that of L-selectin enabled TGF-α shedding by the TACE mutants carrying the TM of prolactin receptor and PDGFR. Taken together, our observations suggest that anchorage of TACE to the lipid bilayer through a TM is required for efficient cleavage of a broad spectrum of substrates, and that the amino-acid sequence of TACE TM may play a role in regulatory specificity among TACE substrates.展开更多
Blocking rockfalls directly by reinforced concrete(RC) flat sheds with thick sand cushions is an outdated method. Such conventional sheds typically accumulate rock heavily, and become progressively damaged and are dif...Blocking rockfalls directly by reinforced concrete(RC) flat sheds with thick sand cushions is an outdated method. Such conventional sheds typically accumulate rock heavily, and become progressively damaged and are difficult to repair, and are very costly. To address these problems, we propose a new structure called a Graded Dissipating Inclined Steel Rock(GDISR) shed that utilizes the graded energy dissipation method. Here, we study the dynamic response of the GDISR shed with model test and numerical simulation, and give its optimization design combining with a practical engineering case. Our results show that the optimized modular E-block and corrugated steel tube can deform to sufficiently absorb the energy of different impact intensities. This efficiently and economically provides GDISR sheds with two security lines. Compared with conventional RC sheds, GDISR sheds with optimal incline have a more efficient anti-impact function, are faster and easier to repair, and are much simpler and cheaper to build.展开更多
For 100 patients with gastric cancer, intraoperative intraperitoneal perfusion(IOIPP)using double-distilled water(D.D.W)with hibitane 37℃ for 5 minutes was performed.The anticancer effects were assessed cytologically...For 100 patients with gastric cancer, intraoperative intraperitoneal perfusion(IOIPP)using double-distilled water(D.D.W)with hibitane 37℃ for 5 minutes was performed.The anticancer effects were assessed cytologically in pre-IOIPP and post-IOPP specimens of the abdominal effusion and/or lavaged peritoneal fluid.The radical gastrectomy was performed in 65 of 93 cases with advanced gastric cancer, shed cancer cells in peritoneal cavity were detected in 16 of 65 cases with pre-IOIPP(24.62%)and to 3 of post-IOIPP cases(4.62%).There was significant difference between the two groups(P<0.01) . Shed cancer cells were inactivated in vivo estimated by the trypan-blue staining technique in 7 cases with radical surgery.But the effect of the IOIPP on shed cancer calls was not significant in cases with peritoneal metastasis. Also there were shed cancer cells in peritoneal cavity of patients with SS cancer histologically before the IOIPP(15. 56%)and iatrogenic diffusion of cancer cells during operation(7/24)in thisarticle.The above results indicated that the IOIPP with hypo-osmolar solution containing hibitane, 37℃ for 5 min was indispensable and useful for the killing of peritoneal shed cancer cells in order to prevent postoperative peritoneal recurrence in patients with radical surgery of advanced gastric cancer regardless of conditions of serosal invasion.展开更多
Vortex street flowmeter has been used in steady flow measurement for about three decades The benefits of this type of flowmeter include high accuracy,good linearty,wide measuring range,and excellent reliability Ho...Vortex street flowmeter has been used in steady flow measurement for about three decades The benefits of this type of flowmeter include high accuracy,good linearty,wide measuring range,and excellent reliability However,in unsteady flow measurement,the pressure disturbance as well as the noise from the system or surrounding can reduce the signal to noise ratio of the flowmeter seriously Aimed to use vortex street flowmeters in unsteady flow measurement,the characteristics of the vortex shedding induced hydrodynamic vibration around the prism bluff body in a vortex street flowmeter are investigated numerically and by expriments The results show that the hydrodynamic vibrations with 180° phase shift occur at the axisymmetric points of the channel around the bluff body The most intense vibration occurs at the points on the lateral faces close to the base of the prism The results provide therefore a useful reference for developing an anti interference vortex flowmeter using the different ial sensing technique.展开更多
AIM:To determine if the cytotail of the principal sheddase tumor necrosis factor-α converting enzyme (TACE;ADAM17) controls protein ectodomain shedding.METHODS:Site-directed mutagenesis was performed to derive TACE v...AIM:To determine if the cytotail of the principal sheddase tumor necrosis factor-α converting enzyme (TACE;ADAM17) controls protein ectodomain shedding.METHODS:Site-directed mutagenesis was performed to derive TACE variants. The resulting TACE expression plasmids with amino acid substitutions in the extracel-lular,cysteine-rich disintegrin domain (CRD) and/or deleted cytotail,along with an expression vector for the enhanced green fluorescence protein were transfected into shedding-defective M1 mutants stably expressing transmembrane L-selectin or transforming growth factor (TGF)-α. The expression levels of the TACE substrates at the cell surface were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS:Consistent with published data,a single point mutation (C600Y) in the CRD led to shedding defi-ciency. However,removal of the cytotail from the C600Y TACE variant partially restored ectodomain cleavage of TGF-α and L-selectin. Cytotail-deleted mutants with any other substituting amino acid residues in place of Cys600 displayed similar function compared with tail-less C600Y TACE.CONCLUSION:The cytotail plays an inhibitory role,which becomes evident when it is removed from an enzyme with another mutation that affects the enzyme function.展开更多
文摘Jiangsu Niupai Machinery&Elecronics Co,ltd.is National Specialized and New"Little Giant"Enterprise,National High&New Technological Enterprise,Jiangsu Provincial Research Center of Loom Shedding Engineering Technology and Jiangsu Provincial Enterprise Technology Center.The company has obtained SGS-certified ISO9001 quality management system,a globally recognized standard.Niupai specializes in the R&D and manufacturing of cam shedding device,dobby shedding device,jacquard shedding device and heald frames for water-jet looms,air-jet looms as well as rapier looms.
文摘Changshu Textile Machinery Works Co.,Ltd.was founded in 1958 and is a professional R&D and manufacturing enterprise of looms shedding device in China.The company's products cover three series of shedding devices for looms(Dobby,Jacquard,Cam Motion),forming a series of products with electronic shedding devices as the main products,and mechanical shedding devices as the auxiliary products.D2876pro electronic dobby The D2876pro electronic dobby is a high-performance equipment designed for a maximum operating speed of 800rpm.It has 16 cams,and 12mm of pitch,with a high installation type.The shedding type is double lift and full clear open.Its maximum wefts is 12,800 and 100,000.It has a two-stage filtration lubrication with a gerotor pump oil recycle system,and it is suitable for water-jet looms.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11972190)。
文摘A robust Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)based solver is established to predict the complex unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of the Active Flap Control(AFC)rotor.The complex motion with multiple degrees of freedom of the Trailing Edge Flap(TEF)is analyzed by employing an inverse nested overset grid method.Simulation of non-rotational and rotational modes of blade motion are carried out to investigate the formation and development of TEF shedding vortex with high-frequency deflection of TEF.Moreover,the mechanism of TEF deflection interference with blade tip vortex and overall rotor aerodynamics is also explored.In nonrotational mode,two bundles of vortices form at the gap ends of TEF and the main blade and merge into a single TEF vortex.Dynamic deflection of the TEF significantly interferes with the blade tip vortex.The position of the blade tip vortex consistently changes,and its frequency is directly related to the frequency of TEF deflection.In rotational mode,the tip vortex forms a helical structure.The end vortices at the gap sides co-swirl and subsequently merge into the concentrated beam of tip vortices,causing fluctuations in the vorticity and axial position of the tip vortex under the rotor.This research concludes with the investigation on suppression of Blade Vortex Interaction(BVI),showing an increase in miss distance and reduction in the vorticity of tip vortex through TEF phase control at a particular control frequency.Through this mechanism,a designed TEF deflection law increases the miss distance by 34.7%and reduces vorticity by 11.9%at the target position,demonstrating the effectiveness of AFC in mitigating BVI.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52272428)。
文摘The electro⁃thermal anti/de-icing systems have high heating efficiency and relatively simple structures,marking them as a key development direction for future icing protection.Existing simulation algorithms for electrothermal de-icing seldom delve into comprehensive ice accretion-melting-deicing models that account for ice shedding.Therefore,the detachment behavior of ice layers during the heating process requires in-depth research and discussion.This paper physically models the phenomenon of ice shedding,incorporates the detachment behavior of ice layers during heating,improves the existing mathematical model for electro-thermal de-icing calculations,establishes an ice accretion-melting-deicing model for electro-thermal de-icing systems,and conducts numerical simulation,verification and optimization analysis of electro-thermal de-icing considering ice shedding.Through multi-condition de-icing numerical simulations of a specific wing model,it is found that ambient temperature can serve as a factor for adapting the electro heating anti/de-icing strategy to the environment.An optimization of heating heat flux density and heating/cooling time is conducted for the wing de-icing control law under the calculated conditions.The improved electrothermal de-icing model and algorithm developed in this paper provide solid technical support for the design of electrothermal de-icing systems.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(No.2022NSFSC1127)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2682023CX075).
文摘Rock sheds are widely used to prevent rockfall disasters along roads in mountainous areas.To improve the capacity of rock sheds for resisting rockfall impact,a sand and expandable polyethylene(EPE)composite cushion was proposed.A series of model experiments of rockfall impact on rock sheds were conducted,and the buried depth of the EPE foam board in the sand layer was considered.The impact load and dynamic response of the rock shed were investigated.The results show that the maximum impact load and dynamic response of the rock shed roof are all significantly less than those of the sand cushion.Moreover,as the distance between the EPE foam board and rock shed roof decreases,the maximum rockfall impact force and impact pressure gradually decrease,and the maximum displacement,acceleration and strain of the rock shed first decrease and then change little.In addition,the vibration acceleration and vertical displacement of the rock shed roof decrease from the centre to the edge and decrease faster along the longitudinal direction than that along the transverse direction.In conclusion,the buffering effect of the sand-EPE composite cushion is better than that of the pure sand cushion,and the EPE foam board at a depth of 1/3 the thickness of the sand layer is appropriate.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41941017 and U1702241).
文摘Rock shed is an effective protection measure against rockfall.To investigate the influences of falling rock’s shape and impact angle on the impact effect of the cushioned rock shed,a modeling approach for a rock shed with a cushion layer using PFC-FLAC.The granular cushion is modeled as an aggregate of discrete non-cohesion particles,while the concrete plate and the beam are modeled as zones.The falling rock with different sphericities and impact angles is modeled as a rigid assembly.The numerical model is validated by comparing the simulation results with experimental and numerical results from previous literature.This model is applied to analyze the effects of rock shape and impact angle on the dynamic interaction effects between falling rock and cushioned rock shed,including the impact force,transmitted bottom force,penetration depth,and plate deflection.The numerical results show that the variation in the falling rock’s shape has different effects on the falling rock with different impact angles.These findings could support rock shed design by revealing the limitations of the assumptions in the past research,which may result in unsafe rock sheds for some rockfall cases.
基金supported by the China Agriculture Research System (Grant No.CARS-28-14)。
文摘Fruitlet calyx shedding in pear plants is apparently regulated via numerous pathways that involve both environmental triggers and phytohormones cues such as auxin. In this study, we found at 10 days after full bloom (DAFB) higher levels of indoleacetic acid (IAA) and tryptophan (Trp) in calyx persistence fruitlet (CPF) than calyx shedding fruitlet (CSF) ofDanshan Suli’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rhed.). Consisting with this, the activity of indolealdehyde oxidase (IAAIdO), which promotes IAA synthesis, was remarkably increased, and that of peroxidase(POD), which degrades IAA, dropped markedly in CPF but not in CSF. Further, qRT-PCR results revealed that most of 31 PbrARFs (encoding auxin response factors) in Pyrus bretschneideri were highly expressed in CPF, whereas PbrARF4, PbrARF24 and PbrARF26 were significantly downregulated in CPF vis-a-vis CSF. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 6 PbrARFs clustered in the group III, where PbrARF4 showed the closest affinity with AtARF1 that promotes organ abscission, indicating a putative role of PbrARF4 in mediating the process of calyx shedding in pear. In fact, the ectopic overexpression of PbrARF4 in Solanum lycopersicum resulted in an earlier-formed and deeper abscission layer (AL) in the transgenic plants, whose calyxes were more prone to wilt at the mature red stage (MR) compared with the control plants (wild-type). More importantly, expression levels of the abscission genes SILS and Sl Cel2 in transgenic plants overexpressing PbrARF4 were significantly upregulated in comparation with the WT, whereas those of Sl BI and Sl TAPG2 were considerably inhibited. Further, PbrJOINTLESS and PbrIDA,the two genes related to calyx shedding in pear, were up-regulated more in CSF than CPF. The findings contribute to a better understanding of PbrARFs involved in fruitlet calyx shedding of pear, which could prove beneficial to improving the quality of pear fruit.
文摘Load shedding is a major problem in Central Africa, with negative consequences for both society and the economy. However, load profile analysis can help to alleviate this problem by providing valuable information about consumer demand. This information can be used by power utilities to forecast and reduce power cuts effectively. In this study, the direct method was used to create load profiles for residential feeders in Kinshasa. The results showed that load shedding on weekends results in significant financial losses and changes in people’s behavior. In November 2022 alone, load shedding was responsible for $ 23,4 08,984 and $ 2 80,9 07,808 for all year in losses. The study also found that the SAIDI index for the southern direction of the Kinshasa distribution network was 122.49 hours per feeder, on average. This means that each feeder experienced an average of 5 days of load shedding in November 2022. The SAIFI index was 20 interruptions per feeder, on average, and the CAIDI index was 6 hours, on average, before power was restored. This study also proposes ten strategies for the reduction of load shedding in the Kinshasa and central Africa power distribution network and for the improvement of its reliability, namely: Improved load forecasting, Improvement of the grid infrastructure, Scheduling of load shedding, Demand management programs, Energy efficiency initiatives, Distributed Generation, Automation and Monitoring of the Grid, Education and engagement of the consumer, Policy and regulatory assistance, and Updated load profile analysis.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41972323 and 51991362)Science and Technology Project of the 13th Five-Year Plan of Jilin Provincial Department of Education(Grant No.JJKH20190126KJ)the Science and Technology Developing Plan Project of Jilin Province(Grant No.20200201055JC).
文摘The tower line system will be in an unsafe status due to uniform or uneven fall of ice coating which is attached to the surface of tower and lines.The fall of ice could be caused by wind action or thermal force.In order to study the dynamic characteristics of the self-failure of the transmission line under the action of dynamicwind load,a finite elementmodel of the two-span transmission tower line system was established.The birth and death element methods are used to simulate the icing and shedding of the line.Tensile failure strength is the shedding criterion for ice coating.The fluctuating wind speed time history of the tower line systemis first simulated,and then the fluctuating wind and the average wind are superimposed to generate the instantaneous wind speed and converted into wind load.The dynamic response of the transmission tower line systemunder iced coupling with different wind speeds and different thicknesses of ice coating was studied.This is the first attempt that the coupling dynamic response of the icing shedding and wind load for the transmission tower-line system is discussed in this paper.In addition,the dynamic characteristics of wind are included.In particular,the limiting mechanical conditions are considered.According to the simulation results,it is found:because of the ice shedding,the stress of the conductor changes obviously in the first 20 seconds,and the ground wire changes sharply in the first two seconds;the icing of the conductor(ground)wire is gradually deicing under the action of wind vibration;the displacement of tower top increases with the increase of wind speed and icing thickness.
基金Supported by Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund(CX(12)5013)~~
文摘The pig-on-litter system is characterized by reduced environmental pollution and high-quality pork. It has won the support of the government and the acceptance of market. It is urgent to develop the supporting facilities and products to promote the comprehensive promotion of this technology. Based on the climatic and hydro- logical conditions in Jiangsu Province, we designed the removable deep-litter breed- ing shed. Its construction costs were lower than that of ordinary water-flushed pig- gery. In addition, this breeding system would not consolidate the land. The indoor ventilation and heat-conservation performances also met the requirements by pig-on- litter system. The removable shed can be promoted as an important supporting technology for the deep-litter breeding model in the eastern China.
基金Supported by Program for Breeding of High-yield,High-quality,Multi-resistant Rice Varieties in the Middle and East of Jilin Province(20140309002NY)~~
文摘In order to compare the advantages and disadvantages of large-shed,middle-shed and small-shed upland seedling nurturing modes in japonica rice planting regions of North China, in this study, Tongyin 58, Tonghe 836 and Tonghe 835 were used as experimental materials and cultivated with large-shed, middle-shed and small-shed upland seedling nurturing modes to investigate active and effective accumulated temperature and rice seedling quality. According to the results, active and effective accumulated temperature in three different upland seedling nurturing treatments during seedling nurturing period were generally in a descending order of large shed 〉 middle shed 〉 small shed. The occurrence frequency of temperature exceeding the biological upper limit for rice growth in different upland seedling nurturing treatments demonstrated a descending order of large shed 〉 small shed 〉middle shed; the occurrence frequency of temperature below the biological lower limit demonstrated a descending order of small shed 〉 middle shed 〉 large shed.Plant height, root number, aboveground dry weight, underground dry weight and emergence rate varied significantly among different upland seedling nurturing modes,which showed a descending order of large shed 〉 middle shed 〉 small shed; leaf age and stem number in large shed was significantly higher than that in middle and small sheds, but there was no significant difference in leaf age and stem number between middle and small sheds; underground dry weight varied slightly between large and middle shed, but underground dry weight in large and middle shed was remarkably higher than that in small shed. In production, large-shed upland seedling nurturing is most appropriate technique, followed by middle-shed upland seedling nurturing. In large-shed upland seedling nurturing, ventilation and seedling hardening should be strengthened. Small-shed upland seedling nurturing technique is not recommended to be used in regions with low accumulated temperature at night. In small-shed upland seedling nurturing, the minimum temperature at night should be concerned, and heat preservation measures should be taken immediately when there is a sudden drop in temperature.
基金supported by the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(No.52077017).
文摘Considering the escalating usage of renewa-ble energy and rising frequency of extreme meteorological events,the risk of emergency load shedding(ELS)in power grids due to faults is increasing.The existing ELS strategies fail to provide users with advance warnings and blackout preparation time.To address this issue,an in-novative strategy called warning and delayed load shed-ding is proposed in this study.In this approach,when it becomes necessary to shed load for emergency control,users are immediately notified with a power outage warning.Subsequently,energy storage and other regula-tory resources are employed to substitute for load shed-ding,thus postponing the execution of the load shedding command.This delay equips users with the ability and time to respond and prepare.To implement this strategy,the operational principles supported by energy storage and backup power are further discussed.Five perfor-mance indexes are utilized to evaluate the delayed load shedding capability.Moreover,the delayed load shedding switch function and energy storage power balance equa-tion are constructed to determine the relationship be-tween energy storage,backup power sources,and load shedding time.Subsequently,two optimized load shed-ding models supported by energy storage are established,i.e.,maximum and flexible delayed models.For compar-ison,improvements are made to the conventional load shedding model without delay by incorporating energy storage.An IEEE 30-node network with energy storage is used to test the three load shedding models.Accordingly,the evaluation indexes are calculated and compared.The results of the performance indexes and comparative analysis validate the effectiveness of the proposed meth-ods,indicating that by using energy storage,users can be notified with advance power outage warnings and prep-aration time.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.51076015)
文摘Vortex-acoustic coupling is one of the most important potential sources of combustion instability in solid rocket motors （SRMs）. Based on the Von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics （VKI） experimental motor, the influence of the thermal inhibitor position and temperature on vortex-shedding-driven pressure oscillations is numerically studied via the large eddy simulation （LES） method. The simulation results demonstrate that vortex shedding is a periodic process and its accurate frequency can be numerically obtained. Acoustic modes could be easily excited by vortex shedding. The vortex shedding frequency and second acoustic frequency dominate the pressure oscillation characteristics in the chamber. Thermal inhibitor position and gas temperature have little effect on vortex shedding frequency, but have great impact on pressure oscillation amplitude. Pressure amplitude is much higher when the thermal inhibitor locates at the acoustic velocity anti-nodes. The farther the thermal inhibitor is to the nozzle head, the more vortex energy would be dissipated by the turbulence. Therefore, the vortex shedding amplitude at the second acoustic velocity antinode near 3/4L （L is chamber length） is larger than those of others. Besides, the natural acoustic frequencies increase with the gas temperature. As the vortex shedding frequency departs from the natural acoustic frequency, the vortex-acoustic feedback loop is decoupled. Consequently, both the vortex shedding and acoustic amplitudes decrease rapidly.
基金supported by the National Key Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development Program of China (Grant 2011YQ120048)
文摘The flow past a circular-section cylinder with a conic shroud perforated with four holes at the peak was simulated numerically at Re = 100, considering two factors, viz.the angle of attack and the diameter of the holes. The effects of the perforated conic shroud on the vortex shedding pattern in the near wake was mainly investigated, as well as the time history of the drag and lift forces. In the investigated parameter space, three flow regimes were generally identified, corresponding to weak, moderate, and strong disturbance effects.In regime I, the wake can mainly be described by alternately shedding Kármán or Kármán-like vortices. In regime II, the spanwise vortices are obviously disturbed along the span due to the appearance of additional vorticity components and their interactions with the spanwise vortices, but still shed in synchronization along the spanwise direction. In regime III,the typical Kármán vortices partially or totally disappear,and some new vortex shedding patterns appear, such as-type, obliquely shedding, and crossed spanwise vortices with opposite sign. Corresponding to these complex vortex shedding patterns in the near wake, the fluid forces no longer oscillate regularly at a single vortex shedding frequency, but rather with a lower modulation frequency and multiple amplitudes. An overview of these flow regimes is presented.
文摘Numerous membrane proteins are cleaved by tumor necrosis factor-α converting enzyme （TACE）, which causes the release of their ectodomains. An ADAM （a disintegrin and metalloprotease domain） family member, TACE contains several noncatalytic domains whose roles in ectodomain shedding have yet to be fully resolved. Here, we have explored the function of the transmembrane domain （TM） of TACE by coupling molecular engineering and functional analysis. A TM-free TACE construct that is anchored to the plasma membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol （GPI）-binding polypeptide failed to restore shedding of transforming growth factor-or （TGF-α）, tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） and L-selectin in cells lacking endogenous TACE activity. Substitution of the TACE TM with that of the prolactin receptor or platelet-derived growth factor receptor （PDGFR） also resulted in severe loss of TGF-α shedding, but had no effects on the cleavage of TNF-α and L-selectin. Replacement of the TM in TGF-α with that of L-selectin enabled TGF-α shedding by the TACE mutants carrying the TM of prolactin receptor and PDGFR. Taken together, our observations suggest that anchorage of TACE to the lipid bilayer through a TM is required for efficient cleavage of a broad spectrum of substrates, and that the amino-acid sequence of TACE TM may play a role in regulatory specificity among TACE substrates.
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China(2016YFB0201003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41672356)the 135 Strategic Program of the Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,CAS(SDS-135-1704)
文摘Blocking rockfalls directly by reinforced concrete(RC) flat sheds with thick sand cushions is an outdated method. Such conventional sheds typically accumulate rock heavily, and become progressively damaged and are difficult to repair, and are very costly. To address these problems, we propose a new structure called a Graded Dissipating Inclined Steel Rock(GDISR) shed that utilizes the graded energy dissipation method. Here, we study the dynamic response of the GDISR shed with model test and numerical simulation, and give its optimization design combining with a practical engineering case. Our results show that the optimized modular E-block and corrugated steel tube can deform to sufficiently absorb the energy of different impact intensities. This efficiently and economically provides GDISR sheds with two security lines. Compared with conventional RC sheds, GDISR sheds with optimal incline have a more efficient anti-impact function, are faster and easier to repair, and are much simpler and cheaper to build.
文摘For 100 patients with gastric cancer, intraoperative intraperitoneal perfusion(IOIPP)using double-distilled water(D.D.W)with hibitane 37℃ for 5 minutes was performed.The anticancer effects were assessed cytologically in pre-IOIPP and post-IOPP specimens of the abdominal effusion and/or lavaged peritoneal fluid.The radical gastrectomy was performed in 65 of 93 cases with advanced gastric cancer, shed cancer cells in peritoneal cavity were detected in 16 of 65 cases with pre-IOIPP(24.62%)and to 3 of post-IOIPP cases(4.62%).There was significant difference between the two groups(P<0.01) . Shed cancer cells were inactivated in vivo estimated by the trypan-blue staining technique in 7 cases with radical surgery.But the effect of the IOIPP on shed cancer calls was not significant in cases with peritoneal metastasis. Also there were shed cancer cells in peritoneal cavity of patients with SS cancer histologically before the IOIPP(15. 56%)and iatrogenic diffusion of cancer cells during operation(7/24)in thisarticle.The above results indicated that the IOIPP with hypo-osmolar solution containing hibitane, 37℃ for 5 min was indispensable and useful for the killing of peritoneal shed cancer cells in order to prevent postoperative peritoneal recurrence in patients with radical surgery of advanced gastric cancer regardless of conditions of serosal invasion.
基金This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.59835160).
文摘Vortex street flowmeter has been used in steady flow measurement for about three decades The benefits of this type of flowmeter include high accuracy,good linearty,wide measuring range,and excellent reliability However,in unsteady flow measurement,the pressure disturbance as well as the noise from the system or surrounding can reduce the signal to noise ratio of the flowmeter seriously Aimed to use vortex street flowmeters in unsteady flow measurement,the characteristics of the vortex shedding induced hydrodynamic vibration around the prism bluff body in a vortex street flowmeter are investigated numerically and by expriments The results show that the hydrodynamic vibrations with 180° phase shift occur at the axisymmetric points of the channel around the bluff body The most intense vibration occurs at the points on the lateral faces close to the base of the prism The results provide therefore a useful reference for developing an anti interference vortex flowmeter using the different ial sensing technique.
基金Supported by Grants from the National Institutes of Health,No.AG029859 the National Center of the American Heart Association,No.0330335Nthe New Jersey Commission on Cancer Research(NJCCR703010)to Fan H
文摘AIM:To determine if the cytotail of the principal sheddase tumor necrosis factor-α converting enzyme (TACE;ADAM17) controls protein ectodomain shedding.METHODS:Site-directed mutagenesis was performed to derive TACE variants. The resulting TACE expression plasmids with amino acid substitutions in the extracel-lular,cysteine-rich disintegrin domain (CRD) and/or deleted cytotail,along with an expression vector for the enhanced green fluorescence protein were transfected into shedding-defective M1 mutants stably expressing transmembrane L-selectin or transforming growth factor (TGF)-α. The expression levels of the TACE substrates at the cell surface were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS:Consistent with published data,a single point mutation (C600Y) in the CRD led to shedding defi-ciency. However,removal of the cytotail from the C600Y TACE variant partially restored ectodomain cleavage of TGF-α and L-selectin. Cytotail-deleted mutants with any other substituting amino acid residues in place of Cys600 displayed similar function compared with tail-less C600Y TACE.CONCLUSION:The cytotail plays an inhibitory role,which becomes evident when it is removed from an enzyme with another mutation that affects the enzyme function.
