Background:With the promotion of national control programs on parasitic and tropical diseases in China,the National Institute of Parasitic Diseases(NIPD),Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention has gained si...Background:With the promotion of national control programs on parasitic and tropical diseases in China,the National Institute of Parasitic Diseases(NIPD),Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention has gained significant experience in the global health arena through international cooperation over the last seven decades allowing a multilateral impact in the elimination of major endemic diseases.Methods:The achievements of NIPD since 1950 has been analyzed with emphasis on the various stages that started with research and control of the endemic parasitic and other tropical diseases at the national level and progressed via international cooperation into a global presence.Results:The major achievements contributed by NIPD consist of(i)improving technical capability;(ii)promoting control and elimination of parasitic and tropical diseases;(iii)participating in global health governance and cooperation;and(iv)developing a cooperation model for technical assistance and global public health development.It is expected that NIPD’s experience of international cooperation will be essential for the dissemination of China's successful experience in global health governance,emergency response and development,with focus on malaria and neglected tropical diseases such as schistosomiasis,soil-borne and food-borne helminthiases and echinococcosis.Conclusions:NIPD’s new tasks will not only continue to promote national control of endemic parasitic infections and disease elimination programs in China,but also play a leading role in global health and disease elimination programs in the future.展开更多
The last seventy years have witnessed the transition of communication from Shannon's theoretical concept to current high-efficiency practical systems.With respect to Shannon information theory,to fulfill the high-...The last seventy years have witnessed the transition of communication from Shannon's theoretical concept to current high-efficiency practical systems.With respect to Shannon information theory,to fulfill the high-bandwidth utilization,any further increase in the data rate requires a significant augmentation in the received signal power unless the bandwidth is extended in proportion to the incremental data rate.展开更多
With drinking tube,we extraot peranent pacemaker lead through theleft subclavian route successfully.The following report is a case ofdoing it.A 87-year-old man was admitted to hospital.He had symptom of anginspector i...With drinking tube,we extraot peranent pacemaker lead through theleft subclavian route successfully.The following report is a case ofdoing it.A 87-year-old man was admitted to hospital.He had symptom of anginspector is and blackout again and again for six months.His heart ratevaried from forty-four to seventy per minute.ECG showed second degreeartrloventrioular block(Mobiz Ⅱ)and right-bundle branch blockads.This illness was diagnosed as sick sinus syndrome.So he was referredfor placement of a permanent pecewaker(WI)),pacemaker model:Medtrinic8801.On the ninth day,the suboutaneous generator pocket was infected.Two days later,we displaced the pacemker.No consent was obtainedfrom his relatives,we didn’t extract the pacing lead.Although wetried our best.the out remained disunion.After a month,we decided toextract the lead.The operation was performed in a elcetrophyslologylaboratory,we disinfacted the part of the lead exposed to the airand clipped the end.First we made the dilstor sheath(10.5Fr)which fitthe lead packaged with drinking tube(12Fr).So it was easy to push thedrinking tube through the lead.Second,advanced it into the leftautolavian.NOW it was time to pull the dilator sheath(10.5Fr)out.Third,we inserted the stylet which provided additional stiffness andcontrolled flexibililty into the lead.Satisfactory position wasachieved when the stylet was lodged in the spex of right ventriclewhere the lead distal end lay.In other words,imparted the stylet tothe distal end.Tightening the drinking tube with left hand,we rotatedthe lead clockwise with right hand untill the distal and was partedfrog heart eusule,then extracted the lead via vein.There air little previons dootrmen tation about extraction of permanentpacemaker lead with drinking tube and this approach spend less time andless nosey then other methods.Norsover,it has little complication.While,in other methods,a special instrument is essential to extractthe lead.So it’s expensive to do it.The indication of the method withdrinking tube is that the operation should be performed less than threemonths after implantation,no lead fracture was found.The drinkingtube trade mark is Wahaha.Clip the end and grind it,then disinfect itwith othylene oxide.Next step,use it as provided before.展开更多
The State Commission of Science andTechnology disclosed in last Novemberthat one hundred and seventy-five prizeswere awarded to scientisits,techniciansor groups for their achievements.Commencing from 1978,prizes are g...The State Commission of Science andTechnology disclosed in last Novemberthat one hundred and seventy-five prizeswere awarded to scientisits,techniciansor groups for their achievements.Commencing from 1978,prizes are givenevery year to scientists and techniciansfor stimulating them to give full playto their initiative and wistom.The1988’s Awards feature that the number ofprize winners from enterprises is on展开更多
Objective： Detection of abdominal in- jury is a very important component in trauma management, so a precise assessment of liver and spleen injuries includ- ing their severity degree is necessary. There is a good case...Objective： Detection of abdominal in- jury is a very important component in trauma management, so a precise assessment of liver and spleen injuries includ- ing their severity degree is necessary. There is a good case to believe that in emergency situations the radiologists＇ performance may profit from a systematic approach using established scoring systems. Score systems as the organ injury scale （OIS） drawn up by the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma are a valuable guidance for objec- tive trauma assessment. Aim of this study was to evaluate retrospectively whether a structured approach using the OIS may help improve trauma assessment. Methods： Fifty-three patients, 38 male and 15 female who underwent CT and laparotomy after abdominal trauma were included in this study. The laparotomy was performed by experienced surgeons with a minimum experience of 6 years. While the original CT reports were written by differ- ent radiologists with a minimum experience of 3 years, and then a radiologist with experience of 4 years reviewed the same original CT pictures, resulting in the structured report. Both the original and structured CT results on liver and spleen injuries were transferred into OIS grades. Finally, the initial and structured CT results were compared with theintraoperative findings gathered from the surgery report. Results： Regarding the original CT report we found a mean divergence of 0.68±0.8 （r=-0.45） to the OIS finding in the surgery report for liver injuries （0.69±1.17 for spleen injuries; r=-0.69）. In comparison with the structured approach, where we detected a divergence of 0.8±0.68; r=-0.63 （0.47±0.77 for spleen injuries; r=0.91）, there was no significant difference. However we detected a lower rate of over-diag- nosis in structured approaches. Conclusion： Our study shows that a structured ap- proach to triage abdominal trauma using an imaging check- list does not lead to a significantly higher detection rate, but a nonsignificant trend to reduce the rate of over- diagnoses, thus being more precise in grading the severity grade. Concerning the bias by retrospective study design, further prospective investigations are needed to evaluate the impact of trauma scores on the workflow in emergency department procedure as structured reporting systems are a valuable guidance in other radiological disciplines.展开更多
Ever since 1975, we have studied haploid seedlings and succeeded in the culture of the new wheat line, Yuhua No. 1, which is suitable for poor and dry land. So far, a favorable testtransplanting has been carried out i...Ever since 1975, we have studied haploid seedlings and succeeded in the culture of the new wheat line, Yuhua No. 1, which is suitable for poor and dry land. So far, a favorable testtransplanting has been carried out in some seventy areas, totalling 5,000mu, of Shaansi, Hebei, Shandong and Henan provinces. The yield of wheat was increased by 4—44％ more or less, surpassing that of other local popular wheat lines.展开更多
Problems of Socialist EconomicDevelopment(《论社会主义经济发展中的问题》) By Xu Dixin(许涤新) Chinese Social Sciences Press,1982 208 pages This collection of essays, written between 1979 and 1981 (a period cor-respond...Problems of Socialist EconomicDevelopment(《论社会主义经济发展中的问题》) By Xu Dixin(许涤新) Chinese Social Sciences Press,1982 208 pages This collection of essays, written between 1979 and 1981 (a period cor-responding roughly to that between the Third and the Sixth Plenums of theParty’s Eleventh Congress), fulfills Xu Dixin’s promise which he made in theprologue to an earlier book: 'After seventy, one’s remaining years are limit-ed. Even more should one rouse one’s spirits and wrest precious time fromlife, so that we might contribute to the task of building up our socialist mother-展开更多
Objective To evaluate the long-term outcomes of endoscopic argon plasma coagulation (APC) therapy for early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions.Methods One-hundred and seventy one cases with early esophageal ca...Objective To evaluate the long-term outcomes of endoscopic argon plasma coagulation (APC) therapy for early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions.Methods One-hundred and seventy one cases with early esophageal cancer (intramucosal carcinoma) and precancerous lesions were treated by APC from 1994 to 2005,展开更多
Objective To observe the immediate efficacy difference of relieving asthma for patients with the acute attack of bronchial asthma between acupuncture and salbutamol and make the comparison of the efficacy at different...Objective To observe the immediate efficacy difference of relieving asthma for patients with the acute attack of bronchial asthma between acupuncture and salbutamol and make the comparison of the efficacy at different time points during the needle retaining. Methods Five hundred and展开更多
Objective To investigate the association of thyroid stimulating hormone receptor(TSHR)gene polymorphisms and haplotypes with Graves’disease(GD)in Han population from coastal areas in Shandong
The earth itself is thought to be more than twice as old as life on it.Two billion years ago,the earth was like a great ball about as hot on its surface as boiling water.
Objective To investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in the SCGB3A2(secretoglobin family 3A member 2) gene promoter with susceptibility of Graves’ disease. Methods One-hundred and seventy...Objective To investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in the SCGB3A2(secretoglobin family 3A member 2) gene promoter with susceptibility of Graves’ disease. Methods One-hundred and seventy-nine SNPs展开更多
基金This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant No.81973108.
文摘Background:With the promotion of national control programs on parasitic and tropical diseases in China,the National Institute of Parasitic Diseases(NIPD),Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention has gained significant experience in the global health arena through international cooperation over the last seven decades allowing a multilateral impact in the elimination of major endemic diseases.Methods:The achievements of NIPD since 1950 has been analyzed with emphasis on the various stages that started with research and control of the endemic parasitic and other tropical diseases at the national level and progressed via international cooperation into a global presence.Results:The major achievements contributed by NIPD consist of(i)improving technical capability;(ii)promoting control and elimination of parasitic and tropical diseases;(iii)participating in global health governance and cooperation;and(iv)developing a cooperation model for technical assistance and global public health development.It is expected that NIPD’s experience of international cooperation will be essential for the dissemination of China's successful experience in global health governance,emergency response and development,with focus on malaria and neglected tropical diseases such as schistosomiasis,soil-borne and food-borne helminthiases and echinococcosis.Conclusions:NIPD’s new tasks will not only continue to promote national control of endemic parasitic infections and disease elimination programs in China,but also play a leading role in global health and disease elimination programs in the future.
文摘The last seventy years have witnessed the transition of communication from Shannon's theoretical concept to current high-efficiency practical systems.With respect to Shannon information theory,to fulfill the high-bandwidth utilization,any further increase in the data rate requires a significant augmentation in the received signal power unless the bandwidth is extended in proportion to the incremental data rate.
文摘With drinking tube,we extraot peranent pacemaker lead through theleft subclavian route successfully.The following report is a case ofdoing it.A 87-year-old man was admitted to hospital.He had symptom of anginspector is and blackout again and again for six months.His heart ratevaried from forty-four to seventy per minute.ECG showed second degreeartrloventrioular block(Mobiz Ⅱ)and right-bundle branch blockads.This illness was diagnosed as sick sinus syndrome.So he was referredfor placement of a permanent pecewaker(WI)),pacemaker model:Medtrinic8801.On the ninth day,the suboutaneous generator pocket was infected.Two days later,we displaced the pacemker.No consent was obtainedfrom his relatives,we didn’t extract the pacing lead.Although wetried our best.the out remained disunion.After a month,we decided toextract the lead.The operation was performed in a elcetrophyslologylaboratory,we disinfacted the part of the lead exposed to the airand clipped the end.First we made the dilstor sheath(10.5Fr)which fitthe lead packaged with drinking tube(12Fr).So it was easy to push thedrinking tube through the lead.Second,advanced it into the leftautolavian.NOW it was time to pull the dilator sheath(10.5Fr)out.Third,we inserted the stylet which provided additional stiffness andcontrolled flexibililty into the lead.Satisfactory position wasachieved when the stylet was lodged in the spex of right ventriclewhere the lead distal end lay.In other words,imparted the stylet tothe distal end.Tightening the drinking tube with left hand,we rotatedthe lead clockwise with right hand untill the distal and was partedfrog heart eusule,then extracted the lead via vein.There air little previons dootrmen tation about extraction of permanentpacemaker lead with drinking tube and this approach spend less time andless nosey then other methods.Norsover,it has little complication.While,in other methods,a special instrument is essential to extractthe lead.So it’s expensive to do it.The indication of the method withdrinking tube is that the operation should be performed less than threemonths after implantation,no lead fracture was found.The drinkingtube trade mark is Wahaha.Clip the end and grind it,then disinfect itwith othylene oxide.Next step,use it as provided before.
文摘The State Commission of Science andTechnology disclosed in last Novemberthat one hundred and seventy-five prizeswere awarded to scientisits,techniciansor groups for their achievements.Commencing from 1978,prizes are givenevery year to scientists and techniciansfor stimulating them to give full playto their initiative and wistom.The1988’s Awards feature that the number ofprize winners from enterprises is on
文摘Objective： Detection of abdominal in- jury is a very important component in trauma management, so a precise assessment of liver and spleen injuries includ- ing their severity degree is necessary. There is a good case to believe that in emergency situations the radiologists＇ performance may profit from a systematic approach using established scoring systems. Score systems as the organ injury scale （OIS） drawn up by the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma are a valuable guidance for objec- tive trauma assessment. Aim of this study was to evaluate retrospectively whether a structured approach using the OIS may help improve trauma assessment. Methods： Fifty-three patients, 38 male and 15 female who underwent CT and laparotomy after abdominal trauma were included in this study. The laparotomy was performed by experienced surgeons with a minimum experience of 6 years. While the original CT reports were written by differ- ent radiologists with a minimum experience of 3 years, and then a radiologist with experience of 4 years reviewed the same original CT pictures, resulting in the structured report. Both the original and structured CT results on liver and spleen injuries were transferred into OIS grades. Finally, the initial and structured CT results were compared with theintraoperative findings gathered from the surgery report. Results： Regarding the original CT report we found a mean divergence of 0.68±0.8 （r=-0.45） to the OIS finding in the surgery report for liver injuries （0.69±1.17 for spleen injuries; r=-0.69）. In comparison with the structured approach, where we detected a divergence of 0.8±0.68; r=-0.63 （0.47±0.77 for spleen injuries; r=0.91）, there was no significant difference. However we detected a lower rate of over-diag- nosis in structured approaches. Conclusion： Our study shows that a structured ap- proach to triage abdominal trauma using an imaging check- list does not lead to a significantly higher detection rate, but a nonsignificant trend to reduce the rate of over- diagnoses, thus being more precise in grading the severity grade. Concerning the bias by retrospective study design, further prospective investigations are needed to evaluate the impact of trauma scores on the workflow in emergency department procedure as structured reporting systems are a valuable guidance in other radiological disciplines.
文摘Ever since 1975, we have studied haploid seedlings and succeeded in the culture of the new wheat line, Yuhua No. 1, which is suitable for poor and dry land. So far, a favorable testtransplanting has been carried out in some seventy areas, totalling 5,000mu, of Shaansi, Hebei, Shandong and Henan provinces. The yield of wheat was increased by 4—44％ more or less, surpassing that of other local popular wheat lines.
文摘Problems of Socialist EconomicDevelopment(《论社会主义经济发展中的问题》) By Xu Dixin(许涤新) Chinese Social Sciences Press,1982 208 pages This collection of essays, written between 1979 and 1981 (a period cor-responding roughly to that between the Third and the Sixth Plenums of theParty’s Eleventh Congress), fulfills Xu Dixin’s promise which he made in theprologue to an earlier book: 'After seventy, one’s remaining years are limit-ed. Even more should one rouse one’s spirits and wrest precious time fromlife, so that we might contribute to the task of building up our socialist mother-
文摘Objective To evaluate the long-term outcomes of endoscopic argon plasma coagulation (APC) therapy for early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions.Methods One-hundred and seventy one cases with early esophageal cancer (intramucosal carcinoma) and precancerous lesions were treated by APC from 1994 to 2005,
文摘Objective To observe the immediate efficacy difference of relieving asthma for patients with the acute attack of bronchial asthma between acupuncture and salbutamol and make the comparison of the efficacy at different time points during the needle retaining. Methods Five hundred and
文摘Objective To investigate the association of thyroid stimulating hormone receptor(TSHR)gene polymorphisms and haplotypes with Graves’disease(GD)in Han population from coastal areas in Shandong
文摘The earth itself is thought to be more than twice as old as life on it.Two billion years ago,the earth was like a great ball about as hot on its surface as boiling water.
文摘Objective To investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in the SCGB3A2(secretoglobin family 3A member 2) gene promoter with susceptibility of Graves’ disease. Methods One-hundred and seventy-nine SNPs
