Foxtail millet(Setaria italica) is one of the primary multigrain crops originating from China, with a long history of cultivation and significant importance in Chinese farming civilization(Diao 2019). However, the exc...Foxtail millet(Setaria italica) is one of the primary multigrain crops originating from China, with a long history of cultivation and significant importance in Chinese farming civilization(Diao 2019). However, the excessive height of foxtail millet plants makes them susceptible to lodging, severely impacting the yield(Tian et al. 2010;Diao et al. 2024). During the “Green Revolution”, many types of cereals, including rice(Oryza sativa L.) and wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)(Brosius 1991;Peng et al. 1999), were bred to dwarf, resulting in significantly increased yields. Consequently, reducing plant height has become a key breeding objective for foxtail millet.展开更多
Using foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.) male-sterile line 1066A as female parent and Yugu 1 primary trisomic series (1 - 7) and tetrasomics 8, 9 as male parents, chromosome location of gene for male-sterili...Using foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.) male-sterile line 1066A as female parent and Yugu 1 primary trisomic series (1 - 7) and tetrasomics 8, 9 as male parents, chromosome location of gene for male-sterility and yellow seedling in line 1066A was studied by primary trisomic analysis. The plants of F-1 generation of trisomics 2 - 9 were obtained by crossing with a great many plants of 1066A. F-1 generation of trisomics was similar to their male parent in morphologic characters, the color of their seedling was green, and pollen was partially fertile. The segregation ratio of fertility to sterility is 3:1 in F-2 generation of trisomics 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 and 9; and 14:1 only in F-2 generation of trisomic 6 (chi(0.05)(2) = 0.012). The segregation ratio of green seedling to yellow seedling is 12:1 only in F-2 generation of trisomic 7 (chi(0.05)(2) = 0.31), but in other cases, this ratio is 3:1. The results indicated that the male-sterility gene was located on chromosome 6, and the gene for yellow seedling was monogenic recessive and located on chromosome 7. The rate of trisomics transmission by pollen was tested, trisomics 8 and 9 were the highest in rates of trisomics transmission and followed by trisomics 6 and 4.展开更多
赤峰显性核不育谷子是在谷子中首次发现的核不育材料,该材料的育性受2对核显性基因互作控制,一对是显性核不育基因Msch,另一对是显性上位育性恢复基因Rf。两者共同存在时显性上位育性恢复基因Rf能抑制显性核不育基因Msch的表达,从而表...赤峰显性核不育谷子是在谷子中首次发现的核不育材料,该材料的育性受2对核显性基因互作控制,一对是显性核不育基因Msch,另一对是显性上位育性恢复基因Rf。两者共同存在时显性上位育性恢复基因Rf能抑制显性核不育基因Msch的表达,从而表现可育。利用已构建的不育基因Msch的上位育性恢复基因Rf的近等基因系(NILs)为材料,通过对300对AFLP引物组合进行筛选,找到了与显性上位育性恢复基因Rf紧密连锁的2个AFLP标记(E15/M52和E20/M41),与不育基因的遗传距离分别是7.0c M和12.7 c M,而且位于不育基因的同一侧,标记间相距5.7 c M。展开更多
[Objective] The research aimed to study antifeedant activity of Phytolacca acinosa Roxb., Setaria viridis （L.） Beauv and Viola yedoensis Makino extracts against Pieris rapae. [Method] Activity material was extracted...[Objective] The research aimed to study antifeedant activity of Phytolacca acinosa Roxb., Setaria viridis （L.） Beauv and Viola yedoensis Makino extracts against Pieris rapae. [Method] Activity material was extracted from S. viridis （L.）, P. acinosa and V. yedoensis using acetone cold soak method, and non-selective antifeedant activity of extracts to Pieris rapae larva was determined by using lobular plate addition method. [Result] The results showed that the acetone leaching agent of P. acinosa had most obvious antifeedant effects on Pieris rapae. The antifeedant rate were 74.53% and 82.34% at 24 and 48 h respectively. With the concentration increasing, the antifeedant effect of P. acinosa extracts increased. The antifeedant rate of 0.050 g/ml treatment was the highest, being 74.53% and 82.34% at 24 and 48 h. [Conclusion] P. acinosa could be studied and utilized as potential botanical insecticide.展开更多
Myeloblastosis(MYB)类转录因子是高等植物中最大的转录因子家族之一,在植物发育及防御反应过程中发挥重要作用,还参与植物对干旱等非生物胁迫的响应。谷子(Setaria italica L.)起源于中国,具有抗旱、耐瘠薄的特性,是研究单子叶作物非...Myeloblastosis(MYB)类转录因子是高等植物中最大的转录因子家族之一,在植物发育及防御反应过程中发挥重要作用,还参与植物对干旱等非生物胁迫的响应。谷子(Setaria italica L.)起源于中国,具有抗旱、耐瘠薄的特性,是研究单子叶作物非生物胁迫抗性的理想材料。本研究对耐低氮胁迫谷子品种郑204经低氮处理后进行转录组分析,鉴定出一个在低氮胁迫条件下明显上调的MYB类转录因子SiMYB42。系统发育树结果表明,SiMYB42属于R2R3-MYB亚族,具有2个MYB保守域;表达模式分析显示,SiMYB42在低氮、高盐、干旱和ABA胁迫条件下表达量显著上调;亚细胞定位、quantitative real-time PCR及转录激活活性分析结果表明,SiMYB42蛋白定位于植物的细胞核和细胞膜中,主要在谷子的叶部或根部表达,具有转录激活活性;基因功能分析结果表明,在正常条件下,转SiMYB42基因拟南芥与野生型Columbia-0拟南芥(WT)无明显差异,但在低氮条件下,转SiMYB42基因拟南芥的主根长、根系表面积及鲜重均显著高于WT,结果证明SiMYB42基因可以提高转基因植物对低氮胁迫的耐性;下游基因表达分析结果显示,在转SiMYB42基因拟南芥中,参与植物氮素转运的硝酸盐转运基因NRT2.1、NRT2.4和NRT2.5的表达水平均高于WT,启动子分析结果显示NRT2.1、NRT2.4和NRT2.5基因启动子序列中均具有MYB结合位点。以上结果证明,SiMYB42可以通过调控下游硝酸盐转运体基因的表达提高植物在低氮条件下的耐性。本研究揭示了SiMYB42基因在低氮胁迫反应途径中的作用,为进一步了解谷子低氮胁迫响应的调控网络奠定了基础。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32200222)the High-level Talents Start-up Fund of Shanxi Agricultural University, China (J242198006)+2 种基金the Start-up Fund of Shanxi Agricultural University, China (2021BQ84)the Shanxi Province Outstanding Doctoral and Post-Doctoral Scholarship Award Foundation,China(SXBYKY 2021055 and SXBYKY2022033)the Houji Laboratory Foundation, China (202204010910001-32)。
文摘Foxtail millet(Setaria italica) is one of the primary multigrain crops originating from China, with a long history of cultivation and significant importance in Chinese farming civilization(Diao 2019). However, the excessive height of foxtail millet plants makes them susceptible to lodging, severely impacting the yield(Tian et al. 2010;Diao et al. 2024). During the “Green Revolution”, many types of cereals, including rice(Oryza sativa L.) and wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)(Brosius 1991;Peng et al. 1999), were bred to dwarf, resulting in significantly increased yields. Consequently, reducing plant height has become a key breeding objective for foxtail millet.
文摘Using foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.) male-sterile line 1066A as female parent and Yugu 1 primary trisomic series (1 - 7) and tetrasomics 8, 9 as male parents, chromosome location of gene for male-sterility and yellow seedling in line 1066A was studied by primary trisomic analysis. The plants of F-1 generation of trisomics 2 - 9 were obtained by crossing with a great many plants of 1066A. F-1 generation of trisomics was similar to their male parent in morphologic characters, the color of their seedling was green, and pollen was partially fertile. The segregation ratio of fertility to sterility is 3:1 in F-2 generation of trisomics 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 and 9; and 14:1 only in F-2 generation of trisomic 6 (chi(0.05)(2) = 0.012). The segregation ratio of green seedling to yellow seedling is 12:1 only in F-2 generation of trisomic 7 (chi(0.05)(2) = 0.31), but in other cases, this ratio is 3:1. The results indicated that the male-sterility gene was located on chromosome 6, and the gene for yellow seedling was monogenic recessive and located on chromosome 7. The rate of trisomics transmission by pollen was tested, trisomics 8 and 9 were the highest in rates of trisomics transmission and followed by trisomics 6 and 4.
文摘赤峰显性核不育谷子是在谷子中首次发现的核不育材料,该材料的育性受2对核显性基因互作控制,一对是显性核不育基因Msch,另一对是显性上位育性恢复基因Rf。两者共同存在时显性上位育性恢复基因Rf能抑制显性核不育基因Msch的表达,从而表现可育。利用已构建的不育基因Msch的上位育性恢复基因Rf的近等基因系(NILs)为材料,通过对300对AFLP引物组合进行筛选,找到了与显性上位育性恢复基因Rf紧密连锁的2个AFLP标记(E15/M52和E20/M41),与不育基因的遗传距离分别是7.0c M和12.7 c M,而且位于不育基因的同一侧,标记间相距5.7 c M。
文摘[Objective] The research aimed to study antifeedant activity of Phytolacca acinosa Roxb., Setaria viridis （L.） Beauv and Viola yedoensis Makino extracts against Pieris rapae. [Method] Activity material was extracted from S. viridis （L.）, P. acinosa and V. yedoensis using acetone cold soak method, and non-selective antifeedant activity of extracts to Pieris rapae larva was determined by using lobular plate addition method. [Result] The results showed that the acetone leaching agent of P. acinosa had most obvious antifeedant effects on Pieris rapae. The antifeedant rate were 74.53% and 82.34% at 24 and 48 h respectively. With the concentration increasing, the antifeedant effect of P. acinosa extracts increased. The antifeedant rate of 0.050 g/ml treatment was the highest, being 74.53% and 82.34% at 24 and 48 h. [Conclusion] P. acinosa could be studied and utilized as potential botanical insecticide.
文摘Myeloblastosis(MYB)类转录因子是高等植物中最大的转录因子家族之一,在植物发育及防御反应过程中发挥重要作用,还参与植物对干旱等非生物胁迫的响应。谷子(Setaria italica L.)起源于中国,具有抗旱、耐瘠薄的特性,是研究单子叶作物非生物胁迫抗性的理想材料。本研究对耐低氮胁迫谷子品种郑204经低氮处理后进行转录组分析,鉴定出一个在低氮胁迫条件下明显上调的MYB类转录因子SiMYB42。系统发育树结果表明,SiMYB42属于R2R3-MYB亚族,具有2个MYB保守域;表达模式分析显示,SiMYB42在低氮、高盐、干旱和ABA胁迫条件下表达量显著上调;亚细胞定位、quantitative real-time PCR及转录激活活性分析结果表明,SiMYB42蛋白定位于植物的细胞核和细胞膜中,主要在谷子的叶部或根部表达,具有转录激活活性;基因功能分析结果表明,在正常条件下,转SiMYB42基因拟南芥与野生型Columbia-0拟南芥(WT)无明显差异,但在低氮条件下,转SiMYB42基因拟南芥的主根长、根系表面积及鲜重均显著高于WT,结果证明SiMYB42基因可以提高转基因植物对低氮胁迫的耐性;下游基因表达分析结果显示,在转SiMYB42基因拟南芥中,参与植物氮素转运的硝酸盐转运基因NRT2.1、NRT2.4和NRT2.5的表达水平均高于WT,启动子分析结果显示NRT2.1、NRT2.4和NRT2.5基因启动子序列中均具有MYB结合位点。以上结果证明,SiMYB42可以通过调控下游硝酸盐转运体基因的表达提高植物在低氮条件下的耐性。本研究揭示了SiMYB42基因在低氮胁迫反应途径中的作用,为进一步了解谷子低氮胁迫响应的调控网络奠定了基础。
