The competence set analysis technology can be applied to solve the decision making problems successfully and satisfactorily. This paper mainly focuses on the expanding strategy research and development of the competen...The competence set analysis technology can be applied to solve the decision making problems successfully and satisfactorily. This paper mainly focuses on the expanding strategy research and development of the competence set under risk and uncertainty. A systematic expression of the competence set analysis is described, several expanding principles and strategies with regard to several different cases are presented, and their applications in the personnel training program are discussed, some conclusions and suggestions to be developed in a further work are included.展开更多
Assessment of debris flow hazards is important for developing measures to mitigate the loss of life and property and to minimize environmental damage. Two modified uncertainty models, Set Pair Analysis （SPA） and mod...Assessment of debris flow hazards is important for developing measures to mitigate the loss of life and property and to minimize environmental damage. Two modified uncertainty models, Set Pair Analysis （SPA） and modified Set Pair Analysis （mSPA）, were suggested to assess the regional debris flow hazard. A ease study was conducted in seven towns of the Beichuan county, Sichuan Province, China, to test and compare the application of these two models in debris flow hazard assessment. The results showed that mSPA only can fit for value-variables, but not for non value-variable assessment indexes, Furthermore, as for a given assessment index xi, mSPA only considers two cases, namely, when grade value increases with xi and when grade value decreases with xi. Thus, mSPA can not be used for debris flow hazard assessment but SPA is credible for the assessment because there are no limitations when using SPA model to assess the debris flow hazard. Therefore, in this study SPA is proposed for assessing debris flow hazard.展开更多
A comprehensive evaluation model based on improved set pair analysis is established. Considering the complexity in decision-making process, the model combines the certainties and uncertainties in the schemes, i.e., id...A comprehensive evaluation model based on improved set pair analysis is established. Considering the complexity in decision-making process, the model combines the certainties and uncertainties in the schemes, i.e., identical degree, different degree and opposite degree. The relations among different schemes are studied, and the traditional way of solving uncertainty problem is improved. By using the gray correlation to determine the difference degree, the problem of less evaluation indexes and inapparent linear relationship is solved. The difference between the evaluation parameters is smaller in both the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model and fuzzy matter-element method, and the dipartite degree of the evaluation result is unobvious. However, the difference between each integrated connection degree is distinct in the improved set pair analysis. Results show that the proposed method is feasible and it obtains better effects than the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and fuzzy matter-element method.展开更多
Due to the increasingly serious environmental pollution and destruction,especially humans' unreasonable activities,the ecological and economic system(EES) issues of Northwest region in China have attracted more an...Due to the increasingly serious environmental pollution and destruction,especially humans' unreasonable activities,the ecological and economic system(EES) issues of Northwest region in China have attracted more and more attention of the researchers.Aiming at evaluating its ecological and economic system health,a multi-objective evaluation framework called PressureState-Response(PSR) was established to describe the ecological and economic health situations.Meanwhile,an integrative set pair model combining set pair analysis(SPA) and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process(FAHP) was proposed to assess the ecological and economic system.Then the EES status of five northwest provinces(Shanxi,Gansu,Qinghai,Ningxia and Xinjiang) of Northwest region in China was evaluated during 1985 to 2009.The EES development trends of five provinces are obtained.In general,the health values of five provinces showed a rising trend.The health values of five provinces grew rapidly during 1985 to 2000.After 2000,the health values of five provinces still followed the present growth trend,but the growth is relatively smooth.The results show that the method proposed is effective for assessing the health of ecological and economic system.展开更多
A problem of the air pollution control in China is getting to know a regional contribution rate of internal and external source of PM2.5. In this paper,Set Pair Analysis（ SPA） method is proposed to calculate the con...A problem of the air pollution control in China is getting to know a regional contribution rate of internal and external source of PM2.5. In this paper,Set Pair Analysis（ SPA） method is proposed to calculate the contribution rate of PM2.5in Dongguan City. Due to geographic,meteorological factors and the low concentration of air pollutants in Qingxi area,the PM2.5in this place is mainly contributed by the regional transport of air pollutants from other inside areas of Dongguan,and less affected by the outside of Dongguan. So the concentration of PM2.5in Qingxi area can reflect the Dongguan＇s basic background concentration of PM2.5. On the basis of the basic background concentration,firstly the concentration of each pollutant components is divided into the internal part and the mixed part. Secondly using the source apportionment samples of five monitoring sites in Dongguan we can respectively construct a sample set A and an evaluation set B. Thirdly the SPA is operated onto the mixed part in terms of set B.At last the connection degree between the concentration of each pollutant components and external source and internal source will be calculated,that is the contribution rate. The research reveals that the contribution rate of internal source and external source of PM2.5in Dongguan City is 83%and 17% respectively,which roughly met expectations. This method is simple and effective and it can provide a reference for the government taking reduction measures to control PM2.5pollutants emission.展开更多
A novel reachable set（RS） model is developed within a framework of exoatmospheric interceptor engagement analysis. The boost phase steering scheme and trajectory distortion mechanism of the interceptor are firstly e...A novel reachable set（RS） model is developed within a framework of exoatmospheric interceptor engagement analysis. The boost phase steering scheme and trajectory distortion mechanism of the interceptor are firstly explored. A mathematical model of the distorted RS is then formulated through a dimension–reduction analysis. By treating the outer boundary of the RS on sphere surface as a spherical convex hull, two relevant theorems are proposed and the RS envelope is depicted by the computational geometry theory. Based on RS model, the algorithms of intercept window analysis and launch parameters determination are proposed, and numerical simulations are carried out for interceptors with different energy or launch points. Results show that the proposed method can avoid intensive on-line computation and provide an accurate and effective approach for interceptor engagement analysis. The suggested RS model also serves as a ready reference to other related problems such as interceptor effectiveness evaluation and platform disposition.展开更多
Most traditional assessment methods, which have complicated mathematic formulas,are difficult for calculation and application in system efficiency evaluation. A new approach to annual equipment maintenance system effi...Most traditional assessment methods, which have complicated mathematic formulas,are difficult for calculation and application in system efficiency evaluation. A new approach to annual equipment maintenance system efficiency assessment,the set pair analysis method( SPAM),has been proposed based on the principle of set pair analysis( SPA). Firstly,the evaluation index system of the annual equipment maintenance is proposed. Secondly,the evaluation model of the annual equipment maintenance efficiency based on the SPAM is built. Then the application processes of the SPAM are introduced. At the end of the paper,a real application example is given. The results of the application indicate that the proposed model is feasible and effective. It can give strong supports to improve the evaluation effect of the unit equipment maintenance support.展开更多
Selecting the optimal one from similar schemes is a paramount work in equipment design.In consideration of similarity of schemes and repetition of characteristic indices,the theory of set pair analysis(SPA)is proposed...Selecting the optimal one from similar schemes is a paramount work in equipment design.In consideration of similarity of schemes and repetition of characteristic indices,the theory of set pair analysis(SPA)is proposed,and then an optimal selection model is established.In order to improve the accuracy and flexibility,the model is modified by the contribution degree.At last,this model has been validated by an example,and the result demonstrates the method is feasible and valuable for practical usage.展开更多
Objective:Based on bioinformatics,gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA)and immune infiltration analysis were carried out on the microarray data of psoriasis expression profile to further understand the pathogenesis of ps...Objective:Based on bioinformatics,gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA)and immune infiltration analysis were carried out on the microarray data of psoriasis expression profile to further understand the pathogenesis of psoriasis.Methods:GSE6710 chip data were obtained from gene expression database(GEO),and gene ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis were performed using GSEA software.22 kinds of immune cell gene expression matrices and R packages were downloaded from CIBERSOFT official website,and the immune cell infiltration matrix was obtained by R software and related graphs were drawn.Results:The pathways related to cell proliferation and innate immunity were highly expressed in psoriatic lesions,and some cancer-related pathways were highly expressed in psoriatic lesions.Immunized cell infiltration analysis showed that activated memory T cells,follicular helper T cells,M0 macrophages and activated dendritic cells were up-regulated in psoriatic skin lesion group,and inactive mast cells were down-regulated in psoriatic skin lesion group.Activated dendritic cells are positively correlated with follicular helper T cells,activated mast cells are positively correlated with M0 macrophages.Inactivated mast cells are negatively correlated with activated memory T cells,M1 macrophages are negatively correlated with regulatory T cells,M0 macrophages are negatively correlated with inactive mast cells.Conclusion:Cell proliferation and innate immunity are of great significance in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.Immune cell infiltration analysis is generally consistent with the current psoriasis pathogenesis model.Macrophages and mast cells also play a certain role in psoriasis.展开更多
[Objective] The research aimed to study the application of ordinal set pair analysis in the annual precipitation prediction of Liao River basin.[Method] The ordinal theory was introduced into the set pair analysis mod...[Objective] The research aimed to study the application of ordinal set pair analysis in the annual precipitation prediction of Liao River basin.[Method] The ordinal theory was introduced into the set pair analysis modeling,and the prediction model of set pair analysis was improved.A kind of rainfall prediction model based on the ordinal set pair analysis (OSPA) was put forward.The time sequence of annual rainfall in the hydrological rainfall station of Liao River basin during 1956-2006 was the research objective.The annual rainfall during 1998-2006 was predicted by the model,and the error analysis was given.[Result] In the relative errors of predicted results by ordinal set pair analysis,there were six relative errors within 5%,which occupied 66.7% of the total prediction number.One relative error was during 5%-10%,which occupied 11.1% of the total prediction number.Two relative errors were during 10%-15%,which occupied 22.2% of the total prediction number.All the relative errors were less than 20%,which met the precision requirement of annual rainfall prediction in Forecast Specification of Hydrological Information.[Conclusion] The rainfall prediction based on the ordinal set pair analysis model had high precision,and the prediction result was ideal.It was suitable for the annual rainfall prediction.展开更多
The current study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility to regional brain atrophy and its biological mechanism in Alzheimer’s disease(AD).We conducted data-driven meta-analyses to combine 3,118 structural magnetic res...The current study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility to regional brain atrophy and its biological mechanism in Alzheimer’s disease(AD).We conducted data-driven meta-analyses to combine 3,118 structural magnetic resonance images from three datasets to obtain robust atrophy patterns.Then we introduced a set of radiogenomic analyses to investigate the biological basis of the atrophy patterns in AD.Our results showed that the hippocampus and amygdala exhibit the most severe atrophy,followed by the temporal,frontal,and occipital lobes in mild cognitive impairment(MCI)and AD.The extent of atrophy in MCI was less severe than that in AD.A series of biological processes related to the glutamate signaling pathway,cellular stress response,and synapse structure and function were investigated through gene set enrichment analysis.Our study contributes to understanding the manifestations of atrophy and a deeper understanding of the pathophysiological processes that contribute to atrophy,providing new insight for further clinical research on AD.展开更多
Drought risk assessment plays a crucial role in effective drought management.However,it is often challenging due to the intricate relationships among various indicators and the lack of practical guidance.This study pr...Drought risk assessment plays a crucial role in effective drought management.However,it is often challenging due to the intricate relationships among various indicators and the lack of practical guidance.This study presents a drought risk assessment model developed using the Semi-partial Quadratic Subtraction Set Pair Potential(SQSSPP)method,which is derived from the theory of set pair analysis.The indicator system comprises 21 indicators divided into four subsystems.The SQSSPP method utilizes uncertainty information in the overall development trend of regional drought risk states by extracting connection numbers from the Sub-traction Set Pair Potential(SSPP),improving the reliability of evaluation results.The SQSSPP method is validated through a case study of Suzhou City,China,from 2007 to 2017.Three grades are used to evaluate comprehensive drought risk.The result shows an overall decreasing trend over time,with a level III risk in 2010 and consistently at level II from 2011 to 2017.Indicators in the hazard and resilience subsystems are the primary factors influencing drought risk in the Suzhou City.Specific indicators requiring emphasis for improvement are identified,including arable land rate,agricultural population ratio,reservoir regulation rate,current water supply capacity,and irrigation index.The SQSSPP method not only provides targeted drought risk assessment but also provides valuable guidance for future water resource management.While the study focuses on Suzhou City,the proposed approach is applicable to broader-scale risk management evaluations and practices.展开更多
The heterogeneity of traumatic brain injury(TBI)-induced secondary injury has greatly hampered the development of effective treatments for TBI patients.Targeting common processes across species may be an innovative st...The heterogeneity of traumatic brain injury(TBI)-induced secondary injury has greatly hampered the development of effective treatments for TBI patients.Targeting common processes across species may be an innovative strategy to combat debilitating TBI.In the present study, a cross-species transcriptome comparison was performed for the first time to determine the fundamental processes of secondary brain injury in Sprague-Dawley rat and C57/BL6 mouse models of TBI, caused by acute controlled cortical impact.The RNA sequencing data from the mouse model of TBI were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus(ID: GSE79441) at the National Center for Biotechnology Information.For the rat data, peri-injury cerebral cortex samples were collected for transcriptomic analysis 24 hours after TBI.Differentially expressed gene-based functional analysis revealed that common features between the two species were mainly involved in the regulation and activation of the innate immune response, including complement cascades as well as Toll-like and nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor pathways.These findings were further corroborated by gene set enrichment analysis.Moreover, transcription factor analysis revealed that the families of signal transducers and activators of transcription(STAT), basic leucine zipper(BZIP), Rel homology domain(RHD), and interferon regulatory factor(IRF) transcription factors play vital regulatory roles in the pathophysiological processes of TBI, and are also largely associated with inflammation.These findings suggest that targeting the common innate immune response might be a promising therapeutic approach for TBI.The animal experimental procedures were approved by the Beijing Neurosurgical Institute Animal Care and Use Committee(approval No.201802001) on June 6, 2018.展开更多
There are many problems in Social Internet of Things(IoTs),such as complex topology information,different degree of association between nodes and overlapping communities.The idea of set pair information grain computin...There are many problems in Social Internet of Things(IoTs),such as complex topology information,different degree of association between nodes and overlapping communities.The idea of set pair information grain computing and clustering is introduced to solve the above problems so as to accurately describe the similarity between nodes and fully explore the multi-community structure.A Set Pair Three-Way Overlapping Community Discovery Algorithm for Weighted Social Internet of Things(WSIoT-SPTOCD)is proposed.In the local network structure,which fully considers the topological information between nodes,the set pair connection degree is used to analyze the identity,difference and reverse of neighbor nodes.The similarity degree of different neighbor nodes is defined from network edge weight and node degree,and the similarity measurement method of set pair between nodes based on the local information structure is proposed.According to the number of nodes'neighbors and the connection degree of adjacent edges,the clustering intensity of nodes is defined,and an improved algorithm for initial value selection of k-means is proposed.The nodes are allocated according to the set pair similarity between nodes and different communities.Three-way community structures composed of a positive domain,boundary domain and negative domain are generated iteratively.Next,the overlapping node set is generated according to the calculation results of community node membership.Finally,experiments are carried out on artificial networks and real networks.The results show that WSIoT-SPTOCD performs well in terms of standardized mutual information,overlapping community modularity and F1.展开更多
Irrigation water became the limiting factor to the persistent improvement of grain production. Based on the data from Gannan County, a semiarid area in the west of Heilongjiang Province, the present situation of the d...Irrigation water became the limiting factor to the persistent improvement of grain production. Based on the data from Gannan County, a semiarid area in the west of Heilongjiang Province, the present situation of the development and utilization of water resources and the suitable water saving irrigation mode were analyzed by using SPA model, which was significant to the efficient and rational utilization of water resources and the improvement of agriculture productivity. The result showed that the model could be applied well to the assessment of development and utilization of water resources and the multi-project optimal selection. Through calculation, it could be found that the utilization of water resources in Gannan County was still in the primary stage, and the integration technology of the optimized water saving irrigation should be combined to support the sustainable development of agriculture in the semiarid area.展开更多
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma(ATC)is a rare but extremely lethal malignancy.However,little is known about the pathogenesis of ATC.Given its high mortality,it is critical to improve our understanding of ATC pathogenesis...Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma(ATC)is a rare but extremely lethal malignancy.However,little is known about the pathogenesis of ATC.Given its high mortality,it is critical to improve our understanding of ATC pathogenesis and to find new diagnostic biomarkers.In the present study,two gene microarray profiles(GSE53072 and GSE65144),which included 17 ATC and 17 adjacent non-tumorous tissues,were obtained.Bioinformatic analyses were then performed.Immunohistochemistry(IHC)and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were then used to detect transmembrane protein 158(TMEM158)expression and to assess diagnostic sensitivity.A total of 372 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified.Through protein-protein interaction(PPI)analysis,we identified a significant module with 37 upregulated genes.Most of the genes in this module were related to cell-cycle processes.After co-expression analysis,132 hub genes were selected for further study.Nine genes were identified as both DEGs and genes of interest in the weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA).IHC and ROC curves confirmed that TMEM158 was overexpressed in ATC tissue as compared with other types of thyroid cancer and normal tissue samples.We identified 8 KEGG pathways that were associated with high expression of TMEM158,including aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis and DNA replication.Our results suggest that TMEM158 may be a potential oncogene and serve as a diagnostic indicator for ATC.展开更多
Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas(PPGLs)cause symptoms by altering the circulation levels of catecholamines and peptide hormones.Currently,the diagnosis of PPGLs relies on diagnostic imaging and the detection of ca...Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas(PPGLs)cause symptoms by altering the circulation levels of catecholamines and peptide hormones.Currently,the diagnosis of PPGLs relies on diagnostic imaging and the detection of catecholamines.In this study,we used ultra-performance liquid chromatography(UPLC)/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(Q-TOF MS)analysis to identify and measure the perioperative differential metabolites in the plasma of adrenal pheochromocytoma patients.We identified differentially expressed genes by comparing the transcriptomic data of pheochromocytoma with the normal adrenal medulla.Through conducting two steps of metabolomics analysis,we identified 111 differential metabolites between the healthy group and the patient group,among which 53 metabolites were validated.By integrating the information of differential metabolites and differentially expressed genes,we inferred that the cysteine-methionine,pyrimidine,and tyrosine metabolism pathways were the three main metabolic pathways altered by the neoplasm.The analysis of transcription levels revealed that the tyrosine and cysteine-methionine metabolism pathways were downregulated in pheochromocytoma,whereas the pyrimidine pathway showed no significant difference.Finally,we developed an optimized diagnostic model of two metabolites,L-dihydroorotic acid and vanylglycol.Our results for these metabolites suggest that they may serve as potential clinical biomarkers and can be used to supplement and improve the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma.展开更多
Green transformation is an unavoidable choice for resource-based cities(RBCs)that face resource depletion and environmental pollution.Existing research has focused primarily on specific RBCs,making it challenging to a...Green transformation is an unavoidable choice for resource-based cities(RBCs)that face resource depletion and environmental pollution.Existing research has focused primarily on specific RBCs,making it challenging to apply green transformation strategies universally across cities.The fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)is a combination of qualitative and quantitative analyses that can handle multiple concurrent causality problems and determine how different conditions combine into configurations and generate an outcome.Thus,to address this gap,in this study,we established a research framework for green transformation and utilized the fsQCA to examine the configurations of 113 RBCs in China.By incorporating the element of time,this study explored the dynamic evolution of solutions in 2013,2016,and 2019.The main findings indicate that individual elements do not constitute the necessary conditions for improving the green transformation efficiency(GTE),and the systematic combination of multiple conditions is an effective path for realizing the improvement of the GTE in RBCs.Green transformation paths of RBCs exhibit the same destination through different paths.Additionally,the combination of system environment elements and system structure elements is both complementary and alternative.Differences in RBCs have led to various factor combinations and development paths,but there are some similarities in the key elements of the factor combinations at different stages.Economic environment,government support,and technological innovation are key factors that universally enhance the GTE in RBCs.These insights can assist city managers in formulating policies to drive green transformation and contribute to a better theoretical understanding of green transformation paths in RBCs.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 79870030).
文摘The competence set analysis technology can be applied to solve the decision making problems successfully and satisfactorily. This paper mainly focuses on the expanding strategy research and development of the competence set under risk and uncertainty. A systematic expression of the competence set analysis is described, several expanding principles and strategies with regard to several different cases are presented, and their applications in the personnel training program are discussed, some conclusions and suggestions to be developed in a further work are included.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51279116)the New Teacher Fund of Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. 20120181120124)+1 种基金the Excellent Scholar Fund of Sichuan UniversityOpen Fund Program of State key Laboratory of Hydraulics and River Engineering, Sichuan University, China (Grant No. 0901)
文摘Assessment of debris flow hazards is important for developing measures to mitigate the loss of life and property and to minimize environmental damage. Two modified uncertainty models, Set Pair Analysis （SPA） and modified Set Pair Analysis （mSPA）, were suggested to assess the regional debris flow hazard. A ease study was conducted in seven towns of the Beichuan county, Sichuan Province, China, to test and compare the application of these two models in debris flow hazard assessment. The results showed that mSPA only can fit for value-variables, but not for non value-variable assessment indexes, Furthermore, as for a given assessment index xi, mSPA only considers two cases, namely, when grade value increases with xi and when grade value decreases with xi. Thus, mSPA can not be used for debris flow hazard assessment but SPA is credible for the assessment because there are no limitations when using SPA model to assess the debris flow hazard. Therefore, in this study SPA is proposed for assessing debris flow hazard.
基金Supported by Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51021004)Tianjin Research Program of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology(No.12JCZDJC29200)National Key Technology R&D Program in the 12th Five-Year Plan of China(No.2011BAB10B06)
文摘A comprehensive evaluation model based on improved set pair analysis is established. Considering the complexity in decision-making process, the model combines the certainties and uncertainties in the schemes, i.e., identical degree, different degree and opposite degree. The relations among different schemes are studied, and the traditional way of solving uncertainty problem is improved. By using the gray correlation to determine the difference degree, the problem of less evaluation indexes and inapparent linear relationship is solved. The difference between the evaluation parameters is smaller in both the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model and fuzzy matter-element method, and the dipartite degree of the evaluation result is unobvious. However, the difference between each integrated connection degree is distinct in the improved set pair analysis. Results show that the proposed method is feasible and it obtains better effects than the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and fuzzy matter-element method.
基金supported in partially by the National Society Science Fund of China(Grant No.09CJY020)the Special Fund of State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,China(Grant No. 2011585312)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Hohai University2010 Jiangsu Province Qing Lan Project
文摘Due to the increasingly serious environmental pollution and destruction,especially humans' unreasonable activities,the ecological and economic system(EES) issues of Northwest region in China have attracted more and more attention of the researchers.Aiming at evaluating its ecological and economic system health,a multi-objective evaluation framework called PressureState-Response(PSR) was established to describe the ecological and economic health situations.Meanwhile,an integrative set pair model combining set pair analysis(SPA) and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process(FAHP) was proposed to assess the ecological and economic system.Then the EES status of five northwest provinces(Shanxi,Gansu,Qinghai,Ningxia and Xinjiang) of Northwest region in China was evaluated during 1985 to 2009.The EES development trends of five provinces are obtained.In general,the health values of five provinces showed a rising trend.The health values of five provinces grew rapidly during 1985 to 2000.After 2000,the health values of five provinces still followed the present growth trend,but the growth is relatively smooth.The results show that the method proposed is effective for assessing the health of ecological and economic system.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(71171089)Research for PM_(2.5) Contamination Characteristics and Prevention and Control Countermeasures in Dongguan City(Dongcaidan[2013]222)
文摘A problem of the air pollution control in China is getting to know a regional contribution rate of internal and external source of PM2.5. In this paper,Set Pair Analysis（ SPA） method is proposed to calculate the contribution rate of PM2.5in Dongguan City. Due to geographic,meteorological factors and the low concentration of air pollutants in Qingxi area,the PM2.5in this place is mainly contributed by the regional transport of air pollutants from other inside areas of Dongguan,and less affected by the outside of Dongguan. So the concentration of PM2.5in Qingxi area can reflect the Dongguan＇s basic background concentration of PM2.5. On the basis of the basic background concentration,firstly the concentration of each pollutant components is divided into the internal part and the mixed part. Secondly using the source apportionment samples of five monitoring sites in Dongguan we can respectively construct a sample set A and an evaluation set B. Thirdly the SPA is operated onto the mixed part in terms of set B.At last the connection degree between the concentration of each pollutant components and external source and internal source will be calculated,that is the contribution rate. The research reveals that the contribution rate of internal source and external source of PM2.5in Dongguan City is 83%and 17% respectively,which roughly met expectations. This method is simple and effective and it can provide a reference for the government taking reduction measures to control PM2.5pollutants emission.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11272346)the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2013CB733100)
文摘A novel reachable set（RS） model is developed within a framework of exoatmospheric interceptor engagement analysis. The boost phase steering scheme and trajectory distortion mechanism of the interceptor are firstly explored. A mathematical model of the distorted RS is then formulated through a dimension–reduction analysis. By treating the outer boundary of the RS on sphere surface as a spherical convex hull, two relevant theorems are proposed and the RS envelope is depicted by the computational geometry theory. Based on RS model, the algorithms of intercept window analysis and launch parameters determination are proposed, and numerical simulations are carried out for interceptors with different energy or launch points. Results show that the proposed method can avoid intensive on-line computation and provide an accurate and effective approach for interceptor engagement analysis. The suggested RS model also serves as a ready reference to other related problems such as interceptor effectiveness evaluation and platform disposition.
文摘Most traditional assessment methods, which have complicated mathematic formulas,are difficult for calculation and application in system efficiency evaluation. A new approach to annual equipment maintenance system efficiency assessment,the set pair analysis method( SPAM),has been proposed based on the principle of set pair analysis( SPA). Firstly,the evaluation index system of the annual equipment maintenance is proposed. Secondly,the evaluation model of the annual equipment maintenance efficiency based on the SPAM is built. Then the application processes of the SPAM are introduced. At the end of the paper,a real application example is given. The results of the application indicate that the proposed model is feasible and effective. It can give strong supports to improve the evaluation effect of the unit equipment maintenance support.
文摘Selecting the optimal one from similar schemes is a paramount work in equipment design.In consideration of similarity of schemes and repetition of characteristic indices,the theory of set pair analysis(SPA)is proposed,and then an optimal selection model is established.In order to improve the accuracy and flexibility,the model is modified by the contribution degree.At last,this model has been validated by an example,and the result demonstrates the method is feasible and valuable for practical usage.
基金Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Basic Research on Psoriasis of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.BZ0375-KF201602)。
文摘Objective:Based on bioinformatics,gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA)and immune infiltration analysis were carried out on the microarray data of psoriasis expression profile to further understand the pathogenesis of psoriasis.Methods:GSE6710 chip data were obtained from gene expression database(GEO),and gene ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis were performed using GSEA software.22 kinds of immune cell gene expression matrices and R packages were downloaded from CIBERSOFT official website,and the immune cell infiltration matrix was obtained by R software and related graphs were drawn.Results:The pathways related to cell proliferation and innate immunity were highly expressed in psoriatic lesions,and some cancer-related pathways were highly expressed in psoriatic lesions.Immunized cell infiltration analysis showed that activated memory T cells,follicular helper T cells,M0 macrophages and activated dendritic cells were up-regulated in psoriatic skin lesion group,and inactive mast cells were down-regulated in psoriatic skin lesion group.Activated dendritic cells are positively correlated with follicular helper T cells,activated mast cells are positively correlated with M0 macrophages.Inactivated mast cells are negatively correlated with activated memory T cells,M1 macrophages are negatively correlated with regulatory T cells,M0 macrophages are negatively correlated with inactive mast cells.Conclusion:Cell proliferation and innate immunity are of great significance in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.Immune cell infiltration analysis is generally consistent with the current psoriasis pathogenesis model.Macrophages and mast cells also play a certain role in psoriasis.
基金Supported by National Eleventh Five-year Water Special Item(2009ZX07208-010-T004)High-level Talent Introduction Plan Item, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power(200926)+2 种基金Natural Science Research of Henan Education Department(2009A570002)Young Core Teacher Plan Item in Henan Province(2009GGJ3-061)Graduate Education Innovation Plan Foundation,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power(YK2010-12)
文摘[Objective] The research aimed to study the application of ordinal set pair analysis in the annual precipitation prediction of Liao River basin.[Method] The ordinal theory was introduced into the set pair analysis modeling,and the prediction model of set pair analysis was improved.A kind of rainfall prediction model based on the ordinal set pair analysis (OSPA) was put forward.The time sequence of annual rainfall in the hydrological rainfall station of Liao River basin during 1956-2006 was the research objective.The annual rainfall during 1998-2006 was predicted by the model,and the error analysis was given.[Result] In the relative errors of predicted results by ordinal set pair analysis,there were six relative errors within 5%,which occupied 66.7% of the total prediction number.One relative error was during 5%-10%,which occupied 11.1% of the total prediction number.Two relative errors were during 10%-15%,which occupied 22.2% of the total prediction number.All the relative errors were less than 20%,which met the precision requirement of annual rainfall prediction in Forecast Specification of Hydrological Information.[Conclusion] The rainfall prediction based on the ordinal set pair analysis model had high precision,and the prediction result was ideal.It was suitable for the annual rainfall prediction.
基金Science and Technology Innovation 2030 Major Projects(2022ZD0211600)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2021XD-A03)+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(81871438 and 82102018)Data collection and sharing for this project were supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61633018,81571062,81400890,81471120,81701781,and 81901101)Data collection and sharing for this project were funded by the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative(ADNI)(National Institutes of Health Grant U01 AG024904)DOD ADNI(Department of Defense award number W81XWH-12-2-0012)。
文摘The current study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility to regional brain atrophy and its biological mechanism in Alzheimer’s disease(AD).We conducted data-driven meta-analyses to combine 3,118 structural magnetic resonance images from three datasets to obtain robust atrophy patterns.Then we introduced a set of radiogenomic analyses to investigate the biological basis of the atrophy patterns in AD.Our results showed that the hippocampus and amygdala exhibit the most severe atrophy,followed by the temporal,frontal,and occipital lobes in mild cognitive impairment(MCI)and AD.The extent of atrophy in MCI was less severe than that in AD.A series of biological processes related to the glutamate signaling pathway,cellular stress response,and synapse structure and function were investigated through gene set enrichment analysis.Our study contributes to understanding the manifestations of atrophy and a deeper understanding of the pathophysiological processes that contribute to atrophy,providing new insight for further clinical research on AD.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province,Grant/Award Numbers:2308085US13,2208085US03National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:U2243228+1 种基金the Belt and Road Special Foundation of the National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention,Grant/Award Number:2022nkms04The Ministry of Education of Humanities and Social Science Project,Grant/Award Number:23YJCZH332。
文摘Drought risk assessment plays a crucial role in effective drought management.However,it is often challenging due to the intricate relationships among various indicators and the lack of practical guidance.This study presents a drought risk assessment model developed using the Semi-partial Quadratic Subtraction Set Pair Potential(SQSSPP)method,which is derived from the theory of set pair analysis.The indicator system comprises 21 indicators divided into four subsystems.The SQSSPP method utilizes uncertainty information in the overall development trend of regional drought risk states by extracting connection numbers from the Sub-traction Set Pair Potential(SSPP),improving the reliability of evaluation results.The SQSSPP method is validated through a case study of Suzhou City,China,from 2007 to 2017.Three grades are used to evaluate comprehensive drought risk.The result shows an overall decreasing trend over time,with a level III risk in 2010 and consistently at level II from 2011 to 2017.Indicators in the hazard and resilience subsystems are the primary factors influencing drought risk in the Suzhou City.Specific indicators requiring emphasis for improvement are identified,including arable land rate,agricultural population ratio,reservoir regulation rate,current water supply capacity,and irrigation index.The SQSSPP method not only provides targeted drought risk assessment but also provides valuable guidance for future water resource management.While the study focuses on Suzhou City,the proposed approach is applicable to broader-scale risk management evaluations and practices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos.81471238, 81771327(both to BYL)Construction of Central Nervous System Injury Basic Science and Clinical Translational Research Platform, Budget of Beijing Municipal Health Commission 2020, No.PXM2020_026280_000002(to BYL)。
文摘The heterogeneity of traumatic brain injury(TBI)-induced secondary injury has greatly hampered the development of effective treatments for TBI patients.Targeting common processes across species may be an innovative strategy to combat debilitating TBI.In the present study, a cross-species transcriptome comparison was performed for the first time to determine the fundamental processes of secondary brain injury in Sprague-Dawley rat and C57/BL6 mouse models of TBI, caused by acute controlled cortical impact.The RNA sequencing data from the mouse model of TBI were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus(ID: GSE79441) at the National Center for Biotechnology Information.For the rat data, peri-injury cerebral cortex samples were collected for transcriptomic analysis 24 hours after TBI.Differentially expressed gene-based functional analysis revealed that common features between the two species were mainly involved in the regulation and activation of the innate immune response, including complement cascades as well as Toll-like and nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor pathways.These findings were further corroborated by gene set enrichment analysis.Moreover, transcription factor analysis revealed that the families of signal transducers and activators of transcription(STAT), basic leucine zipper(BZIP), Rel homology domain(RHD), and interferon regulatory factor(IRF) transcription factors play vital regulatory roles in the pathophysiological processes of TBI, and are also largely associated with inflammation.These findings suggest that targeting the common innate immune response might be a promising therapeutic approach for TBI.The animal experimental procedures were approved by the Beijing Neurosurgical Institute Animal Care and Use Committee(approval No.201802001) on June 6, 2018.
文摘There are many problems in Social Internet of Things(IoTs),such as complex topology information,different degree of association between nodes and overlapping communities.The idea of set pair information grain computing and clustering is introduced to solve the above problems so as to accurately describe the similarity between nodes and fully explore the multi-community structure.A Set Pair Three-Way Overlapping Community Discovery Algorithm for Weighted Social Internet of Things(WSIoT-SPTOCD)is proposed.In the local network structure,which fully considers the topological information between nodes,the set pair connection degree is used to analyze the identity,difference and reverse of neighbor nodes.The similarity degree of different neighbor nodes is defined from network edge weight and node degree,and the similarity measurement method of set pair between nodes based on the local information structure is proposed.According to the number of nodes'neighbors and the connection degree of adjacent edges,the clustering intensity of nodes is defined,and an improved algorithm for initial value selection of k-means is proposed.The nodes are allocated according to the set pair similarity between nodes and different communities.Three-way community structures composed of a positive domain,boundary domain and negative domain are generated iteratively.Next,the overlapping node set is generated according to the calculation results of community node membership.Finally,experiments are carried out on artificial networks and real networks.The results show that WSIoT-SPTOCD performs well in terms of standardized mutual information,overlapping community modularity and F1.
基金Supported by Heilongjiang Province Technological and Scientific Research Project(12531051)
文摘Irrigation water became the limiting factor to the persistent improvement of grain production. Based on the data from Gannan County, a semiarid area in the west of Heilongjiang Province, the present situation of the development and utilization of water resources and the suitable water saving irrigation mode were analyzed by using SPA model, which was significant to the efficient and rational utilization of water resources and the improvement of agriculture productivity. The result showed that the model could be applied well to the assessment of development and utilization of water resources and the multi-project optimal selection. Through calculation, it could be found that the utilization of water resources in Gannan County was still in the primary stage, and the integration technology of the optimized water saving irrigation should be combined to support the sustainable development of agriculture in the semiarid area.
基金This study was supported by grants from Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology(CN)(No.5001540018)Young Scientists Fund(No.81802676).
文摘Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma(ATC)is a rare but extremely lethal malignancy.However,little is known about the pathogenesis of ATC.Given its high mortality,it is critical to improve our understanding of ATC pathogenesis and to find new diagnostic biomarkers.In the present study,two gene microarray profiles(GSE53072 and GSE65144),which included 17 ATC and 17 adjacent non-tumorous tissues,were obtained.Bioinformatic analyses were then performed.Immunohistochemistry(IHC)and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were then used to detect transmembrane protein 158(TMEM158)expression and to assess diagnostic sensitivity.A total of 372 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified.Through protein-protein interaction(PPI)analysis,we identified a significant module with 37 upregulated genes.Most of the genes in this module were related to cell-cycle processes.After co-expression analysis,132 hub genes were selected for further study.Nine genes were identified as both DEGs and genes of interest in the weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA).IHC and ROC curves confirmed that TMEM158 was overexpressed in ATC tissue as compared with other types of thyroid cancer and normal tissue samples.We identified 8 KEGG pathways that were associated with high expression of TMEM158,including aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis and DNA replication.Our results suggest that TMEM158 may be a potential oncogene and serve as a diagnostic indicator for ATC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82072811).
文摘Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas(PPGLs)cause symptoms by altering the circulation levels of catecholamines and peptide hormones.Currently,the diagnosis of PPGLs relies on diagnostic imaging and the detection of catecholamines.In this study,we used ultra-performance liquid chromatography(UPLC)/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(Q-TOF MS)analysis to identify and measure the perioperative differential metabolites in the plasma of adrenal pheochromocytoma patients.We identified differentially expressed genes by comparing the transcriptomic data of pheochromocytoma with the normal adrenal medulla.Through conducting two steps of metabolomics analysis,we identified 111 differential metabolites between the healthy group and the patient group,among which 53 metabolites were validated.By integrating the information of differential metabolites and differentially expressed genes,we inferred that the cysteine-methionine,pyrimidine,and tyrosine metabolism pathways were the three main metabolic pathways altered by the neoplasm.The analysis of transcription levels revealed that the tyrosine and cysteine-methionine metabolism pathways were downregulated in pheochromocytoma,whereas the pyrimidine pathway showed no significant difference.Finally,we developed an optimized diagnostic model of two metabolites,L-dihydroorotic acid and vanylglycol.Our results for these metabolites suggest that they may serve as potential clinical biomarkers and can be used to supplement and improve the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma.
基金supported by the Chongqing Social Science Planning Fund,China(2023BS034)the Science and Technology Project of Chongqing Jiaotong University,China(F1230069).
文摘Green transformation is an unavoidable choice for resource-based cities(RBCs)that face resource depletion and environmental pollution.Existing research has focused primarily on specific RBCs,making it challenging to apply green transformation strategies universally across cities.The fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)is a combination of qualitative and quantitative analyses that can handle multiple concurrent causality problems and determine how different conditions combine into configurations and generate an outcome.Thus,to address this gap,in this study,we established a research framework for green transformation and utilized the fsQCA to examine the configurations of 113 RBCs in China.By incorporating the element of time,this study explored the dynamic evolution of solutions in 2013,2016,and 2019.The main findings indicate that individual elements do not constitute the necessary conditions for improving the green transformation efficiency(GTE),and the systematic combination of multiple conditions is an effective path for realizing the improvement of the GTE in RBCs.Green transformation paths of RBCs exhibit the same destination through different paths.Additionally,the combination of system environment elements and system structure elements is both complementary and alternative.Differences in RBCs have led to various factor combinations and development paths,but there are some similarities in the key elements of the factor combinations at different stages.Economic environment,government support,and technological innovation are key factors that universally enhance the GTE in RBCs.These insights can assist city managers in formulating policies to drive green transformation and contribute to a better theoretical understanding of green transformation paths in RBCs.
