The border gateway protocol (BGP) is the default inter domain routing protocol used on the internet for exchanging information between autonomous systems. Available literature suggests that BGP is vulnerable to sessio...The border gateway protocol (BGP) is the default inter domain routing protocol used on the internet for exchanging information between autonomous systems. Available literature suggests that BGP is vulnerable to session hijacking attacks. There are a number of proposals aimed at improving BGP security which have not been fully implemented. This paper examines a number of approaches for securing BGP through a comparative study and identifies the reasons why these proposals have not been implemented commercially. This paper analyses the architecture of internet routing and the design of BGP while focusing on the problem of BGP session hijacking attacks. Using Graphical Network Simulator 3 (GNS-3), a session hijack is demonstrated and a solution which involves the implementation of route filtering, policy-maps and route-maps on CISCO routers representing ASes is carried out. In the end, a workable industry standard framework for securing and protecting BGP sessions and border routers from exploitation with little or no modification to the existing routing infrastructure is demonstrated.展开更多
Environmental sustainability issues and the costs of new power generation and transmission have increased the interest in evolving current power grid to new technologies. The Smart Grid is a promising technology, sinc...Environmental sustainability issues and the costs of new power generation and transmission have increased the interest in evolving current power grid to new technologies. The Smart Grid is a promising technology, since it allows a distributed computing approach with potentials for self-diagnosing/-healing, reliable multi-user communication and fast hard real-time control. However, the missing standardization associated with heterogeneity of legacy systems and wide-area service demands, makes very challenging to adopt Smart Grid in a cost-effective way. By considering this, we propose the Session-Oriented Communication System (SOCSys) to overcome the above issues by enhancing Smart Grid with truly reliable and robust capabilities over heterogeneous environments. SOCSys achieves this goal by orchestrating session-control with innovative network-centric facilities operating over a wireless mesh Information Network compliant with IEEE 802.11e/s standard. The simulation results show that SOCSys improved network performance in terms of bandwidth utilization and minimization of delay, while consuming low network resources. Graphical analyses showed that SOCSys supported multimedia sessions with excellent quality, where it outperforms the experiments with regular settings.展开更多
Vigorous d iscussions surrounding DeepSeek’s artificial intelligence(AI)models,which began early this year,continued at the Two Sessions-the annual meetings of the National People’s Congress(NPC)and the National Com...Vigorous d iscussions surrounding DeepSeek’s artificial intelligence(AI)models,which began early this year,continued at the Two Sessions-the annual meetings of the National People’s Congress(NPC)and the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC)-held from 4 to 11 March.It shows how China is rapidly growing into a vast market for AI technologies,with cutting-edge innovations increasingly integrated across various sectors of the economy.展开更多
The 6th Session of the 12th Council of the Chinese Association for International Understanding(CAFIU)was held in Beijing on the morning of 12 December,2024.
We construct a model to examine the time-varying ambiguity of investors.When ambiguity occurs concerning recent news,long(short)position investors who are averse to ambiguity reduce(increase)their holdings,resulting i...We construct a model to examine the time-varying ambiguity of investors.When ambiguity occurs concerning recent news,long(short)position investors who are averse to ambiguity reduce(increase)their holdings,resulting in price drops(rises).We empirically analyze how the“two sessions,”a significant event with high policy ambiguity in China,affect the financial market.Our findings suggest that institutional investors mainly sell their holdings between 15 and 5 days before the meetings.Furthermore,the delay in the“two sessions”in 2020 suggests that these selloffs are driven by ambiguity aversion rather than new information.展开更多
The just-concluded sessions of the National People’s Congress(NPC)and the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC),known as Two Sessions,represent excellent opportunities t...The just-concluded sessions of the National People’s Congress(NPC)and the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC),known as Two Sessions,represent excellent opportunities to observe how China functions.During the events,five African experts shared with ChinAfrica their perspectives on topics of their interest,excerpts of which follow.展开更多
The 2025 Two Sessions,comprising the National People’s Congress(NPC)and the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC),are among the most significant political events in China.These annual gatherings ...The 2025 Two Sessions,comprising the National People’s Congress(NPC)and the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC),are among the most significant political events in China.These annual gatherings not only shape China’s domestic policies but also influence its foreign relations,particularly with neighboring countries like Myanmar.As a journalist based in Beijing with extensive experience in Myanmar’s socio-political landscape,I explore how the outcomes of the 2025 Two Sessions could positively impact Myanmar,focusing on economic cooperation,infrastructure development,cultural exchange,and regional stability.展开更多
From 13th to 16th of March 2025,representatives of China NGO Network for International Exchanges(CNIE)attended the 58th session of the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva.
The annual Two Sessions,the meetings of the National People’s Congress(NPC)and the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC),were held in Beijing from March 4 to 11,2025.Thi...The annual Two Sessions,the meetings of the National People’s Congress(NPC)and the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC),were held in Beijing from March 4 to 11,2025.This year’s meetings raised considerable concern as the year 2025 is the final year for implementing the 14th Five-Year Plan(2021-2025),which is decisive for making the 15th Five-Year Plan(2026-2030),and also very important for further deepening reform comprehensively.展开更多
As a major principle underlying the Communist Party of China's(CPC)governance in the new era and a core piece of its holistic approach to national security,ensuring both development and security emphasizes compreh...As a major principle underlying the Communist Party of China's(CPC)governance in the new era and a core piece of its holistic approach to national security,ensuring both development and security emphasizes comprehensive governance from a long-term perspective and influences the world with its global vision.It keeps pace with the times by prioritizing innovative areas and is of great theoretical and practical significance.On the new journey ahead,we must firmly ensure both development and security.More importantly,we must ensure both high-quality development and high-level security,safeguarding the former through the latter.This is an urgent requirement we face in today's world,which has entered a period of turbulence and transformation characterized by increasing complexity.Confronted with the formidable tasks of promoting reform and development while maintaining stability at home and the grave challenges brought about by international turbulence and changes,we must earnestly implement the guiding principles of the 20th CPC National Congress and the third plenary session of the 20th Party Central Committee.We should ensure secure and sustainable development,accelerate efforts to modernize China's national security system and capacity,foster high-level security,and improve the mechanisms for preserving national security in foreign-related affairs.In short,we should strive to achieve a positive interplay between high-quality development and high-level security,so as to effectively safeguard Chinese modernization.展开更多
在Web应用软件模型表示研究领域中,研究对象主要为不含Ajax技术的应用程序。少数针对Ajax(Asynchronous JavaScript and XML)的模型构建采用传统的FSM模型表示方法,并不能描述客户端消息触发后的参数传递问题;在FSM模型的基础上引入UML...在Web应用软件模型表示研究领域中,研究对象主要为不含Ajax技术的应用程序。少数针对Ajax(Asynchronous JavaScript and XML)的模型构建采用传统的FSM模型表示方法,并不能描述客户端消息触发后的参数传递问题;在FSM模型的基础上引入UML分层模型的表示方法因需要人工干预,不利于测试用例的自动生成。针对上述问题,借鉴EFSM模型这一重要的软件描述模型,从用户的Session数据出发,通过日志数据分析用户的行为,并记录客户端的操作事件。通过对用户行为和客户端操作事件进行匹配,生成完整的用户会话,从而建立EFSM模型。实验结果表明,该EFSM模型能够有效地表示Web应用程序的状态以及状态的变化情况,并可以有效地为测试用例自动生成服务。展开更多
文摘The border gateway protocol (BGP) is the default inter domain routing protocol used on the internet for exchanging information between autonomous systems. Available literature suggests that BGP is vulnerable to session hijacking attacks. There are a number of proposals aimed at improving BGP security which have not been fully implemented. This paper examines a number of approaches for securing BGP through a comparative study and identifies the reasons why these proposals have not been implemented commercially. This paper analyses the architecture of internet routing and the design of BGP while focusing on the problem of BGP session hijacking attacks. Using Graphical Network Simulator 3 (GNS-3), a session hijack is demonstrated and a solution which involves the implementation of route filtering, policy-maps and route-maps on CISCO routers representing ASes is carried out. In the end, a workable industry standard framework for securing and protecting BGP sessions and border routers from exploitation with little or no modification to the existing routing infrastructure is demonstrated.
文摘Environmental sustainability issues and the costs of new power generation and transmission have increased the interest in evolving current power grid to new technologies. The Smart Grid is a promising technology, since it allows a distributed computing approach with potentials for self-diagnosing/-healing, reliable multi-user communication and fast hard real-time control. However, the missing standardization associated with heterogeneity of legacy systems and wide-area service demands, makes very challenging to adopt Smart Grid in a cost-effective way. By considering this, we propose the Session-Oriented Communication System (SOCSys) to overcome the above issues by enhancing Smart Grid with truly reliable and robust capabilities over heterogeneous environments. SOCSys achieves this goal by orchestrating session-control with innovative network-centric facilities operating over a wireless mesh Information Network compliant with IEEE 802.11e/s standard. The simulation results show that SOCSys improved network performance in terms of bandwidth utilization and minimization of delay, while consuming low network resources. Graphical analyses showed that SOCSys supported multimedia sessions with excellent quality, where it outperforms the experiments with regular settings.
文摘Vigorous d iscussions surrounding DeepSeek’s artificial intelligence(AI)models,which began early this year,continued at the Two Sessions-the annual meetings of the National People’s Congress(NPC)and the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC)-held from 4 to 11 March.It shows how China is rapidly growing into a vast market for AI technologies,with cutting-edge innovations increasingly integrated across various sectors of the economy.
文摘The 6th Session of the 12th Council of the Chinese Association for International Understanding(CAFIU)was held in Beijing on the morning of 12 December,2024.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.71771006)Science and Technology Support Plan of Guizhou(Grant No.2023–221).
文摘We construct a model to examine the time-varying ambiguity of investors.When ambiguity occurs concerning recent news,long(short)position investors who are averse to ambiguity reduce(increase)their holdings,resulting in price drops(rises).We empirically analyze how the“two sessions,”a significant event with high policy ambiguity in China,affect the financial market.Our findings suggest that institutional investors mainly sell their holdings between 15 and 5 days before the meetings.Furthermore,the delay in the“two sessions”in 2020 suggests that these selloffs are driven by ambiguity aversion rather than new information.
文摘The just-concluded sessions of the National People’s Congress(NPC)and the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC),known as Two Sessions,represent excellent opportunities to observe how China functions.During the events,five African experts shared with ChinAfrica their perspectives on topics of their interest,excerpts of which follow.
文摘The 2025 Two Sessions,comprising the National People’s Congress(NPC)and the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC),are among the most significant political events in China.These annual gatherings not only shape China’s domestic policies but also influence its foreign relations,particularly with neighboring countries like Myanmar.As a journalist based in Beijing with extensive experience in Myanmar’s socio-political landscape,I explore how the outcomes of the 2025 Two Sessions could positively impact Myanmar,focusing on economic cooperation,infrastructure development,cultural exchange,and regional stability.
文摘From 13th to 16th of March 2025,representatives of China NGO Network for International Exchanges(CNIE)attended the 58th session of the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva.
文摘The annual Two Sessions,the meetings of the National People’s Congress(NPC)and the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC),were held in Beijing from March 4 to 11,2025.This year’s meetings raised considerable concern as the year 2025 is the final year for implementing the 14th Five-Year Plan(2021-2025),which is decisive for making the 15th Five-Year Plan(2026-2030),and also very important for further deepening reform comprehensively.
文摘As a major principle underlying the Communist Party of China's(CPC)governance in the new era and a core piece of its holistic approach to national security,ensuring both development and security emphasizes comprehensive governance from a long-term perspective and influences the world with its global vision.It keeps pace with the times by prioritizing innovative areas and is of great theoretical and practical significance.On the new journey ahead,we must firmly ensure both development and security.More importantly,we must ensure both high-quality development and high-level security,safeguarding the former through the latter.This is an urgent requirement we face in today's world,which has entered a period of turbulence and transformation characterized by increasing complexity.Confronted with the formidable tasks of promoting reform and development while maintaining stability at home and the grave challenges brought about by international turbulence and changes,we must earnestly implement the guiding principles of the 20th CPC National Congress and the third plenary session of the 20th Party Central Committee.We should ensure secure and sustainable development,accelerate efforts to modernize China's national security system and capacity,foster high-level security,and improve the mechanisms for preserving national security in foreign-related affairs.In short,we should strive to achieve a positive interplay between high-quality development and high-level security,so as to effectively safeguard Chinese modernization.
文摘在Web应用软件模型表示研究领域中,研究对象主要为不含Ajax技术的应用程序。少数针对Ajax(Asynchronous JavaScript and XML)的模型构建采用传统的FSM模型表示方法,并不能描述客户端消息触发后的参数传递问题;在FSM模型的基础上引入UML分层模型的表示方法因需要人工干预,不利于测试用例的自动生成。针对上述问题,借鉴EFSM模型这一重要的软件描述模型,从用户的Session数据出发,通过日志数据分析用户的行为,并记录客户端的操作事件。通过对用户行为和客户端操作事件进行匹配,生成完整的用户会话,从而建立EFSM模型。实验结果表明,该EFSM模型能够有效地表示Web应用程序的状态以及状态的变化情况,并可以有效地为测试用例自动生成服务。
