OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of nourishing Yin and tonifying Yang sequential therapy(NYTYST)in combination with the Western Medicine Climen in treating diminished ovarian reserve(DOR).METHODS:From Septe...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of nourishing Yin and tonifying Yang sequential therapy(NYTYST)in combination with the Western Medicine Climen in treating diminished ovarian reserve(DOR).METHODS:From September 2014 to September2016,46 patients with DOR who received NYTYST and Climen(treatment group)and 51 patients who received Climen only(control group)at the Jiangsu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital(Nanjing,China)were retrospectively reviewed.Before and at 3 months after treatment,serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),FSH/luteinizing hormone(LH),estradiol(E2),and anti-Mullerian hormone(AMH),the antral follicle count(AFC),stromal peak systolic velocity(PSV),symptom scores,and the clinical effectiveness rate were measured and compared between the two groups.RESULTS:After treatment,serum levels of FSH,FSH/LH and E2,and symptom scores were significantly decreased compared with before treatment(all P<0.05)in the two groups.AMH levels,AFC,and PSV were significantly increased after treatment compared with before treatment in both groups(all P<0.05).Serum levels of FSH,FSH/LH,and E2 after treatment were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group(all P<0.05).However,AMH levels and the AFC were significantly higher after treatment in the treatment group than in the control group(both P<0.05).The clinical effectiveness rate was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group(87%vs 68.6%,P<0.05).CONCLUSION:NYTYST combined with Climen may be more effective in treating DOR than Climen alone.展开更多
Osteoporosis,a prevalent systemic degenerative disease,poses significant challenges to China’s national health,particularly due to complications such as fractures.Therapeutic interventions for osteoporosis primarily ...Osteoporosis,a prevalent systemic degenerative disease,poses significant challenges to China’s national health,particularly due to complications such as fractures.Therapeutic interventions for osteoporosis primarily involve bone resorption inhibitors(antiresorptive)and bone formation promoters(anabolic).Numerous studies underscore the importance of sequential and combination treatments using diverse drug types.Such approaches have shown considerable efficacy in increasing bone mineral density,reducing fracture risk,and preventing the progression of osteoporosis.This article aimed to consolidate various sequential treatment schemes,offering valuable insights for clinicians in their practice.展开更多
INTRODUCTIONLeft ventricular aneurysm and ischemic mitral regurgitation are two of most common complications of acute myocardial infarction （AMI）. Combination of both these two fatal complications is not rare and th...INTRODUCTIONLeft ventricular aneurysm and ischemic mitral regurgitation are two of most common complications of acute myocardial infarction （AMI）. Combination of both these two fatal complications is not rare and the management of these complicated cases is always a challenge to cardiac surgeon because of its relatively high mortality. We reported a rare case of AMI in which a singlestage correction of mitral valve replacement with preservation of mitral apparatus, sequential left internal thoracic artery （ITA） grafting and Cooley＇s technique.展开更多
BACKGROUND Occult hepatitis B virus infection(OBI)is defined by the detection of replication-competent hepatitis B virus(HBV)DNA in the liver and/or blood despite the ab-sence of detectable hepatitis B surface antigen...BACKGROUND Occult hepatitis B virus infection(OBI)is defined by the detection of replication-competent hepatitis B virus(HBV)DNA in the liver and/or blood despite the ab-sence of detectable hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)using conventional ser-ological assays.Although OBI has been well-documented in individuals with resolved HBV infection or those receiving immunosuppressive therapy,reports of its occurrence during sequential antiviral treatment remain scarce.This report describes a case of chronic hepatitis B(CHB)transitioning through OBI during sequential combination therapy before ultimately achieving a functional cure.This case provides new insights into the emergence of OBI as a transitional phase during CHB treatment and emphasizes the importance of monitoring its clinical significance.CASE SUMMARY A 33-year-old Chinese male was diagnosed with HBV infection in 2001.The patient first presented in 2012 with abnormal liver function tests and received initial treatment with conventional interferon therapy,which failed to achieve a virological response.Antiviral therapy was subsequently switched to entecavir monotherapy.By August 2019,the patient exhibited an HBsAg level of 29.93 IU/mL with undetectable HBV DNA(<25 IU/mL).At this point,combination therapy with entecavir and pegylated interferonα(PEG-IFNα)was initiated.Remarkably,while HBsAg declined to 0.42 IU/mL by April 2020,a paradoxical HBV DNA rebound to 173 IU/mL was observed.The regimen was consequently modified to tenofovir alafenamide and PEG-IFNα.By October 2020,the patient achieved HBsAg seroconversion(HBsAg 0.01 IU/mL,hepatitis B surface antibody 52.18 mIU/mL)for the first time,while maintaining low-level viremia(37 IU/mL),consistent with transition to OBI.The patient was then switched to PEG-IFNαmonotherapy.In November 2021,he discontinued PEG-IFNαtherapy,and one month later,both HBV DNA(<10 IU/mL)and HBsAg(<0.05 IU/mL)were negative.This response has been sustained through follow-up.CONCLUSION This case study illustrates the efficacy of sequential combination therapy in achieving functional cure in CHB patients,including those with a prolonged infection history.It highlights OBI as a transitional yet underrecognized phase during sequential antiviral therapy.While the patient ultimately achieved functional cure,the transient persistence of HBV DNA despite HBsAg clearance suggests the need for continued monitoring.This case provides new insights into OBI development during treatment and underscores the importance of further research into its long-term implications.展开更多
Constructing nanofibers with specific therapeutic effects against cancer is a challenge.Here,we present the synthesis approach and application prospects of supramolecular nanofibers,which are based on cucurbit[8]uril(...Constructing nanofibers with specific therapeutic effects against cancer is a challenge.Here,we present the synthesis approach and application prospects of supramolecular nanofibers,which are based on cucurbit[8]uril(CB[8])as the host and terpyridine lanthanum ions metal complex as the vip,constructed by layer-by-layer self-assembly through supramolecular interaction.Moreover,nanofibers with lanthanide luminescence properties exhibit surprising pH-responsive deformation properties and antibacterial behavior.In the tumor micro-environment,the dramatic reduction in the size of the nanofibers enables specific and hierarchical release of anticancer drugs in tumor cells to exert an advanced therapeutic effect.In addition,the synergistic therapeutic efficacy was achieved by reducing the excess of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria surrounding tumor cells.The novel supramolecular nanofibers with sequential drug release and combined therapeutic mode provide new guidance for the synthesis of drug carrier materials and direction for the promotion of nanomaterial-mediated cancer therapy.展开更多
This paper presents a sequential approach with matrix framework for solving various kinds of economic dispatch problems. The objective of the economic dispatch problems of electrical power generation is to schedule th...This paper presents a sequential approach with matrix framework for solving various kinds of economic dispatch problems. The objective of the economic dispatch problems of electrical power generation is to schedule the committed generating units output so as to meet the required load demand while satisfying the system equality and inequality constraints. This is a maiden approach developed to obtain the optimal dispatches of generating units for all possible load demands of power system in a single execution. The feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated by solving economic load dispatch problem, combined economic and emission dispatch problem, multiarea economic dispatch problem and economic dispatch problem with multiple fuel options. The proposed methodology is tested with different scale of power systems. The generating unit operational constraints are also considered. The simulation results obtained by proposed methodology for various economic dispatch problems are compared with previous literatures in terms of solution quality. Numerical simulation results indicate an improvement in total cost saving and hence the superiority of the proposed method is also revealed for economic dispatch problems.展开更多
Over the past few decades,tumor immunotherapy has revolutionized the landscape of cancer clinical treatment.There is a flourishing development of combination strategies to improve the anti-tumor efficacy of mono-immun...Over the past few decades,tumor immunotherapy has revolutionized the landscape of cancer clinical treatment.There is a flourishing development of combination strategies to improve the anti-tumor efficacy of mono-immunotherapy.However,instead of a straightforward combination of multiple therapeutics,it is more preferable to pursue a synergistic effect by designing rational combinations as well as administration strategies,which are based on a comprehensive understanding of the physiological and pathological features.In this case,the timing and spatial distribution of the combination drugs become essential factors in achieving improved therapeutic outcomes.Therefore,the concept of Sequential Drug Delivery System(SDDS)is proposed to define the spatiotemporally programmed drug delivery/release through triggers of internal conditions and/or external interventions,thus complying with the dynamic disease evolution and the human immunity.This review summarizes the recent advancements inbiomaterial-based SDDSs used for spatiotemporally-tuned combination tumor immunotherapy.Furthermore,the rationales behind various engineering strategies are discussed.Finally,an overview of potential synergistic mechanisms as well as their prospects for combination immunotherapy is presented.展开更多
Background The prognostic power of n-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide （NT-proBNP） in sepsis is disputable and unstable among different models. We attempt to evaluate the prognostic potential of NT-proBNP in co...Background The prognostic power of n-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide （NT-proBNP） in sepsis is disputable and unstable among different models. We attempt to evaluate the prognostic potential of NT-proBNP in combination with the sequential organ failure assessment （SOFA） score in sepsis. Methods In this retrospective study, 100 consecutive sepsis patients were enrolled. Clinical data such as admission SOFA, the Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation score, shock prevalence, use of lung protective ventilation, vasopressors, and glucocorticoids were recorded. Additionally, serum creatinine （Scrl and Scr3） and NT-proBNP （NT-proBNP1 and NT-proBNP3） were assayed and evaluated at admission and on day 3 respectively. Results ANT-proBNP （NT-proBNP3 minus NT-proBNP1） （P 〈0.001, Hazard ratio （HR）=1.245, 95% confidence interval （CI）, 1.137-1.362） and admission SOFA （P 〈0.001, HR=1.197, 95% CI, 1.106-1.295） were independently related to in-hospital mortality. Their combination was a more robust predictor for in-hospital mortality than either of them individually. Patients with high ANT-proBNP and SOFA had the poorest prognosis. Conclusions In our study, both ANT-proBNP and SOFA were independent predictors of septic patients＇ prognosis. Moreover, the combination of ,~NT-proBNP and admission SOFA provided a novel strategy that contained information regarding both the response to treatment and sepsis severity.展开更多
In this paper it is shown that cyclostationary spectrum sensing for Cognitive Radio networks, applying multiple cyclic frequencies for single user detection can be interpreted (with some assumptions) in terms of optim...In this paper it is shown that cyclostationary spectrum sensing for Cognitive Radio networks, applying multiple cyclic frequencies for single user detection can be interpreted (with some assumptions) in terms of optimal incoherent diversity addition for “virtual diversity branches” or SIMO radar. This approach allows proposing, by analogy to diversity combining, suboptimal algorithms which can provide near optimal characteristics for the Neyman-Pearson Test (NPT) for single user detection. The analysis is based on the Generalized Gaussian (Klovsky-Middleton) Channel Model, which allows obtaining the NPT noise immunity characteristics: probability of misdetection error (PM) and probability of false alarm (Pfa) or Receiver Operational Characteristics (ROC) in the most general way. Some quasi-optimum algorithms such as energetic receiver and selection addition algorithm are analyzed and their comparison with the noise immunity properties (ROC) of the optimum approach is provided as well. Finally, the diversity combining approach is applied for the collaborative spectrum sensing and censoring. It is shown how the diversity addition principles are applied for distributed detection algorithms, called hereafter as SIMO radar or distributed SIMO radar, implementing Majority Addition (MA) approach and Weighted Majority Addition (WMA) principle.展开更多
Objective To introduce the concept and rational regimens and present the latest development of combined treatment of oral and maxillofacial malignancies. Data sources The related published literature was searched thro...Objective To introduce the concept and rational regimens and present the latest development of combined treatment of oral and maxillofacial malignancies. Data sources The related published literature was searched through the CNKI database and MEDLINE using the terms of oral cancer, oral and maxillofacial malignancies, combined and sequential therapy, multidisciplinary approach. Study selection The available related literature was read and evaluated. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected. Results The results show that oral and maxillofacial malignancies diagnosed at an early stages （stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ） can be well treated with surgery alone and/or radiotherapy with optimal outcome, but advanced or recurrent diseases should be treated with rational combined and sequential treatment modalities. The use of concomitant chemoradiotherapy, taxane-containing, three-drug induction regimens and Cetuximab in combination with chemotherapy or radiotherapy demonstrated favorable results in previously untreated patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusions The concept of combined and sequential treatment of advanced oral and maxillofacial malignancies should be widely accepted, and the rational regimen for individual and each type of entity should be determined based on the anatomical site and the patient＇s performance status.展开更多
基金Supported by the Clinical Medical Science and Technology Special of Jiangsu Provincial Science and Technology Project(No.BL2013039).
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of nourishing Yin and tonifying Yang sequential therapy(NYTYST)in combination with the Western Medicine Climen in treating diminished ovarian reserve(DOR).METHODS:From September 2014 to September2016,46 patients with DOR who received NYTYST and Climen(treatment group)and 51 patients who received Climen only(control group)at the Jiangsu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital(Nanjing,China)were retrospectively reviewed.Before and at 3 months after treatment,serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),FSH/luteinizing hormone(LH),estradiol(E2),and anti-Mullerian hormone(AMH),the antral follicle count(AFC),stromal peak systolic velocity(PSV),symptom scores,and the clinical effectiveness rate were measured and compared between the two groups.RESULTS:After treatment,serum levels of FSH,FSH/LH and E2,and symptom scores were significantly decreased compared with before treatment(all P<0.05)in the two groups.AMH levels,AFC,and PSV were significantly increased after treatment compared with before treatment in both groups(all P<0.05).Serum levels of FSH,FSH/LH,and E2 after treatment were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group(all P<0.05).However,AMH levels and the AFC were significantly higher after treatment in the treatment group than in the control group(both P<0.05).The clinical effectiveness rate was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group(87%vs 68.6%,P<0.05).CONCLUSION:NYTYST combined with Climen may be more effective in treating DOR than Climen alone.
基金The Undergraduate Research Innovation Program of Capital Medical University(Grant No.XSKY2021387).
文摘Osteoporosis,a prevalent systemic degenerative disease,poses significant challenges to China’s national health,particularly due to complications such as fractures.Therapeutic interventions for osteoporosis primarily involve bone resorption inhibitors(antiresorptive)and bone formation promoters(anabolic).Numerous studies underscore the importance of sequential and combination treatments using diverse drug types.Such approaches have shown considerable efficacy in increasing bone mineral density,reducing fracture risk,and preventing the progression of osteoporosis.This article aimed to consolidate various sequential treatment schemes,offering valuable insights for clinicians in their practice.
基金supported by grants National Dis-tinguished Youth Science Fund (No.30525020)
文摘INTRODUCTIONLeft ventricular aneurysm and ischemic mitral regurgitation are two of most common complications of acute myocardial infarction （AMI）. Combination of both these two fatal complications is not rare and the management of these complicated cases is always a challenge to cardiac surgeon because of its relatively high mortality. We reported a rare case of AMI in which a singlestage correction of mitral valve replacement with preservation of mitral apparatus, sequential left internal thoracic artery （ITA） grafting and Cooley＇s technique.
文摘BACKGROUND Occult hepatitis B virus infection(OBI)is defined by the detection of replication-competent hepatitis B virus(HBV)DNA in the liver and/or blood despite the ab-sence of detectable hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)using conventional ser-ological assays.Although OBI has been well-documented in individuals with resolved HBV infection or those receiving immunosuppressive therapy,reports of its occurrence during sequential antiviral treatment remain scarce.This report describes a case of chronic hepatitis B(CHB)transitioning through OBI during sequential combination therapy before ultimately achieving a functional cure.This case provides new insights into the emergence of OBI as a transitional phase during CHB treatment and emphasizes the importance of monitoring its clinical significance.CASE SUMMARY A 33-year-old Chinese male was diagnosed with HBV infection in 2001.The patient first presented in 2012 with abnormal liver function tests and received initial treatment with conventional interferon therapy,which failed to achieve a virological response.Antiviral therapy was subsequently switched to entecavir monotherapy.By August 2019,the patient exhibited an HBsAg level of 29.93 IU/mL with undetectable HBV DNA(<25 IU/mL).At this point,combination therapy with entecavir and pegylated interferonα(PEG-IFNα)was initiated.Remarkably,while HBsAg declined to 0.42 IU/mL by April 2020,a paradoxical HBV DNA rebound to 173 IU/mL was observed.The regimen was consequently modified to tenofovir alafenamide and PEG-IFNα.By October 2020,the patient achieved HBsAg seroconversion(HBsAg 0.01 IU/mL,hepatitis B surface antibody 52.18 mIU/mL)for the first time,while maintaining low-level viremia(37 IU/mL),consistent with transition to OBI.The patient was then switched to PEG-IFNαmonotherapy.In November 2021,he discontinued PEG-IFNαtherapy,and one month later,both HBV DNA(<10 IU/mL)and HBsAg(<0.05 IU/mL)were negative.This response has been sustained through follow-up.CONCLUSION This case study illustrates the efficacy of sequential combination therapy in achieving functional cure in CHB patients,including those with a prolonged infection history.It highlights OBI as a transitional yet underrecognized phase during sequential antiviral therapy.While the patient ultimately achieved functional cure,the transient persistence of HBV DNA despite HBsAg clearance suggests the need for continued monitoring.This case provides new insights into OBI development during treatment and underscores the importance of further research into its long-term implications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82273919)Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(No.LH2024H013)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022MD723781).
文摘Constructing nanofibers with specific therapeutic effects against cancer is a challenge.Here,we present the synthesis approach and application prospects of supramolecular nanofibers,which are based on cucurbit[8]uril(CB[8])as the host and terpyridine lanthanum ions metal complex as the vip,constructed by layer-by-layer self-assembly through supramolecular interaction.Moreover,nanofibers with lanthanide luminescence properties exhibit surprising pH-responsive deformation properties and antibacterial behavior.In the tumor micro-environment,the dramatic reduction in the size of the nanofibers enables specific and hierarchical release of anticancer drugs in tumor cells to exert an advanced therapeutic effect.In addition,the synergistic therapeutic efficacy was achieved by reducing the excess of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria surrounding tumor cells.The novel supramolecular nanofibers with sequential drug release and combined therapeutic mode provide new guidance for the synthesis of drug carrier materials and direction for the promotion of nanomaterial-mediated cancer therapy.
文摘This paper presents a sequential approach with matrix framework for solving various kinds of economic dispatch problems. The objective of the economic dispatch problems of electrical power generation is to schedule the committed generating units output so as to meet the required load demand while satisfying the system equality and inequality constraints. This is a maiden approach developed to obtain the optimal dispatches of generating units for all possible load demands of power system in a single execution. The feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated by solving economic load dispatch problem, combined economic and emission dispatch problem, multiarea economic dispatch problem and economic dispatch problem with multiple fuel options. The proposed methodology is tested with different scale of power systems. The generating unit operational constraints are also considered. The simulation results obtained by proposed methodology for various economic dispatch problems are compared with previous literatures in terms of solution quality. Numerical simulation results indicate an improvement in total cost saving and hence the superiority of the proposed method is also revealed for economic dispatch problems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22478438,81972894,82303820,82273882,32401048 and 22278442)the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Jiangsu Province(BK20240098,China)+4 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20231017,China)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M733891)the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(317717,China)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2632023GR11,China)the Special Research Fund from the State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines at China Pharmaceutical University(SKLNMZZ2024JS19).
文摘Over the past few decades,tumor immunotherapy has revolutionized the landscape of cancer clinical treatment.There is a flourishing development of combination strategies to improve the anti-tumor efficacy of mono-immunotherapy.However,instead of a straightforward combination of multiple therapeutics,it is more preferable to pursue a synergistic effect by designing rational combinations as well as administration strategies,which are based on a comprehensive understanding of the physiological and pathological features.In this case,the timing and spatial distribution of the combination drugs become essential factors in achieving improved therapeutic outcomes.Therefore,the concept of Sequential Drug Delivery System(SDDS)is proposed to define the spatiotemporally programmed drug delivery/release through triggers of internal conditions and/or external interventions,thus complying with the dynamic disease evolution and the human immunity.This review summarizes the recent advancements inbiomaterial-based SDDSs used for spatiotemporally-tuned combination tumor immunotherapy.Furthermore,the rationales behind various engineering strategies are discussed.Finally,an overview of potential synergistic mechanisms as well as their prospects for combination immunotherapy is presented.
文摘Background The prognostic power of n-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide （NT-proBNP） in sepsis is disputable and unstable among different models. We attempt to evaluate the prognostic potential of NT-proBNP in combination with the sequential organ failure assessment （SOFA） score in sepsis. Methods In this retrospective study, 100 consecutive sepsis patients were enrolled. Clinical data such as admission SOFA, the Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation score, shock prevalence, use of lung protective ventilation, vasopressors, and glucocorticoids were recorded. Additionally, serum creatinine （Scrl and Scr3） and NT-proBNP （NT-proBNP1 and NT-proBNP3） were assayed and evaluated at admission and on day 3 respectively. Results ANT-proBNP （NT-proBNP3 minus NT-proBNP1） （P 〈0.001, Hazard ratio （HR）=1.245, 95% confidence interval （CI）, 1.137-1.362） and admission SOFA （P 〈0.001, HR=1.197, 95% CI, 1.106-1.295） were independently related to in-hospital mortality. Their combination was a more robust predictor for in-hospital mortality than either of them individually. Patients with high ANT-proBNP and SOFA had the poorest prognosis. Conclusions In our study, both ANT-proBNP and SOFA were independent predictors of septic patients＇ prognosis. Moreover, the combination of ,~NT-proBNP and admission SOFA provided a novel strategy that contained information regarding both the response to treatment and sepsis severity.
文摘In this paper it is shown that cyclostationary spectrum sensing for Cognitive Radio networks, applying multiple cyclic frequencies for single user detection can be interpreted (with some assumptions) in terms of optimal incoherent diversity addition for “virtual diversity branches” or SIMO radar. This approach allows proposing, by analogy to diversity combining, suboptimal algorithms which can provide near optimal characteristics for the Neyman-Pearson Test (NPT) for single user detection. The analysis is based on the Generalized Gaussian (Klovsky-Middleton) Channel Model, which allows obtaining the NPT noise immunity characteristics: probability of misdetection error (PM) and probability of false alarm (Pfa) or Receiver Operational Characteristics (ROC) in the most general way. Some quasi-optimum algorithms such as energetic receiver and selection addition algorithm are analyzed and their comparison with the noise immunity properties (ROC) of the optimum approach is provided as well. Finally, the diversity combining approach is applied for the collaborative spectrum sensing and censoring. It is shown how the diversity addition principles are applied for distributed detection algorithms, called hereafter as SIMO radar or distributed SIMO radar, implementing Majority Addition (MA) approach and Weighted Majority Addition (WMA) principle.
文摘Objective To introduce the concept and rational regimens and present the latest development of combined treatment of oral and maxillofacial malignancies. Data sources The related published literature was searched through the CNKI database and MEDLINE using the terms of oral cancer, oral and maxillofacial malignancies, combined and sequential therapy, multidisciplinary approach. Study selection The available related literature was read and evaluated. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected. Results The results show that oral and maxillofacial malignancies diagnosed at an early stages （stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ） can be well treated with surgery alone and/or radiotherapy with optimal outcome, but advanced or recurrent diseases should be treated with rational combined and sequential treatment modalities. The use of concomitant chemoradiotherapy, taxane-containing, three-drug induction regimens and Cetuximab in combination with chemotherapy or radiotherapy demonstrated favorable results in previously untreated patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusions The concept of combined and sequential treatment of advanced oral and maxillofacial malignancies should be widely accepted, and the rational regimen for individual and each type of entity should be determined based on the anatomical site and the patient＇s performance status.
