Microphallus/Micropenis is a rare condition with significant physical and psychological implications for affected individuals.This article comprehensively reviews micropenis,its etiology,epidemiology,and various treat...Microphallus/Micropenis is a rare condition with significant physical and psychological implications for affected individuals.This article comprehensively reviews micropenis,its etiology,epidemiology,and various treatment options.We conducted a thorough literature review to collect relevant information on micropenis and microphallus,as well as related disorders.Our primary databases were PubMed,Medline,and Google Scholar.We searched for articles published in English between 2000 and 2023.Our analysis included 67 review articles,56 research studies,11 case reports,one guideline,and one editorial.Our search terms included"microphallus","micropenis","congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism","androgen insensitivity syndrome","pediatric management of micropenis","testosterone therapy",and"psychosocial implications of micropenis".We focused on diagnosing micropenis and related conditions,including hormonal assessments,medical and surgical treatment options,psychosocial and psychological well-being,sexual development of adolescents,and sociocultural influences on men's perceptions of penile size.Additionally,we explored parenting and family dynamics in cases of micropenis and disorders of sex development,implications of hormonal treatment in neonates,and studies related to penile augmentation procedures and their effectiveness.The article highlights the importance of early diagnosis and intervention in addressing the physical and psychological well-being of individuals with micropenis.Surgical procedures,such as penile lengthening and girth enhancement,and non-surgical approaches like hormonal therapy are explored.The significance of psychological support,education,and lifestyle modifications is emphasized.Early management and comprehensive care are crucial for individuals with micropenis,from infancy to adolescence and beyond.A multidisciplinary approach involving urologists,endocrinologists,and mental health professionals is recommended.Regular assessment of treatment effectiveness and the need for updated guidelines are essential to provide the best possible care.Healthcare professionals should prioritize early diagnosis,and neonatologists should measure stretched penile length in neonates.A collaborative effort is needed among professionals,parents,and affected individuals to create a supportive environment that recognizes worth beyond physical differences.Continuous research and evidencebased updates are crucial for improving care standards.展开更多
D.H.Lawrence believes that the root of the boredom is the suppression of people's sensuality in a society which requires too much on people's rationality and their abidance by conventions.
The renovation of historical blocks is an important part of urban construction and development. In recent years, research on renovation methods has emerged one after another. This paper discusses the methods and conte...The renovation of historical blocks is an important part of urban construction and development. In recent years, research on renovation methods has emerged one after another. This paper discusses the methods and contents of the renovation and renewal of historical blocks from the five senses of human beings and applies the five-sense design method to the renovation and renewal of Shichahai District, Beijing, thus exploring the renovation and renewal methods of historical blocks.展开更多
文摘Microphallus/Micropenis is a rare condition with significant physical and psychological implications for affected individuals.This article comprehensively reviews micropenis,its etiology,epidemiology,and various treatment options.We conducted a thorough literature review to collect relevant information on micropenis and microphallus,as well as related disorders.Our primary databases were PubMed,Medline,and Google Scholar.We searched for articles published in English between 2000 and 2023.Our analysis included 67 review articles,56 research studies,11 case reports,one guideline,and one editorial.Our search terms included"microphallus","micropenis","congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism","androgen insensitivity syndrome","pediatric management of micropenis","testosterone therapy",and"psychosocial implications of micropenis".We focused on diagnosing micropenis and related conditions,including hormonal assessments,medical and surgical treatment options,psychosocial and psychological well-being,sexual development of adolescents,and sociocultural influences on men's perceptions of penile size.Additionally,we explored parenting and family dynamics in cases of micropenis and disorders of sex development,implications of hormonal treatment in neonates,and studies related to penile augmentation procedures and their effectiveness.The article highlights the importance of early diagnosis and intervention in addressing the physical and psychological well-being of individuals with micropenis.Surgical procedures,such as penile lengthening and girth enhancement,and non-surgical approaches like hormonal therapy are explored.The significance of psychological support,education,and lifestyle modifications is emphasized.Early management and comprehensive care are crucial for individuals with micropenis,from infancy to adolescence and beyond.A multidisciplinary approach involving urologists,endocrinologists,and mental health professionals is recommended.Regular assessment of treatment effectiveness and the need for updated guidelines are essential to provide the best possible care.Healthcare professionals should prioritize early diagnosis,and neonatologists should measure stretched penile length in neonates.A collaborative effort is needed among professionals,parents,and affected individuals to create a supportive environment that recognizes worth beyond physical differences.Continuous research and evidencebased updates are crucial for improving care standards.
文摘D.H.Lawrence believes that the root of the boredom is the suppression of people's sensuality in a society which requires too much on people's rationality and their abidance by conventions.
基金Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51708002)Scientific Research Foundation of North China University of Technology
文摘The renovation of historical blocks is an important part of urban construction and development. In recent years, research on renovation methods has emerged one after another. This paper discusses the methods and contents of the renovation and renewal of historical blocks from the five senses of human beings and applies the five-sense design method to the renovation and renewal of Shichahai District, Beijing, thus exploring the renovation and renewal methods of historical blocks.
