The Fujian oyster(Crassostrea angulata)is an economically significant shellfish species distributed mainly along the Fujian coast,Southeast China.However,its genetic diversity and structure remain unclear.The main dis...The Fujian oyster(Crassostrea angulata)is an economically significant shellfish species distributed mainly along the Fujian coast,Southeast China.However,its genetic diversity and structure remain unclear.The main distribution area of the C.angulata is located in Fujian,South China.In total,420 C.angulata were collected from 14 natural habitats(populations)along the Fujian coast,and their genetic diversity and structure were analyzed in the mitochondrial COⅠand nuclear gene ITS2 sequences.Results reveal that all the 14 populations of C.angulata exhibited high levels of genetic diversity,with a total of 57(haplotype diversity:0.811±0.016)and 124(haplotype diversity:0.912±0.007)haplotypes revealed by COⅠand ITS2,respectively.Notably,significant intermediate level of genetic differentiations between the Ningde Zhujiang(ZJ)population(F_(ST)by COI:0.035-0.142,P<0.05;F_(ST)by ITS2:0.078-0.123,P<0.05)with other populations were observed for the first time,which is also supported by the results of molecular variance analysis(F_(CT)by COⅠ:0.105,P<0.05;F_(CT)by ITS2:0.086,P<0.05)and the clustering of the ZJ population into distinct branches in the interpopulation genetic differentiation tree.Furthermore,the evolutionary tree and haplotype network analyses do not support the formation of a clear geographical genealogical structure among these 14 populations.In addition,the population dynamics analysis suggests that the C.angulata may have undergone expansion during the third ice age of the Pleistocene.These results provide a reference for the preservation and further genetic improvement of C.angulata.展开更多
Binary sequences constructed by Legendre symbols are widely used in communication and cryptography since they have many good pseudo-random properties.In this paper,we determine the 2-adic complexity of the sum sequenc...Binary sequences constructed by Legendre symbols are widely used in communication and cryptography since they have many good pseudo-random properties.In this paper,we determine the 2-adic complexity of the sum sequence of any k many Legendre sequences and show that the 2-adic complexity of the sum sequences of any k many Legendre sequences reaches the maximum by proving the case of k=2 and 3,which implies that the sum sequences can resist the attack of rational approximation algorithm.展开更多
Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macro...Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database(GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC' tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.展开更多
In this paper,we introduce non-abelian cohomology groups and classify the nonabelian extensions of Rota-Baxter pre-Lie algebras in terms of non-abelian cohomology groups.Next,we explore the inducibility of pairs of au...In this paper,we introduce non-abelian cohomology groups and classify the nonabelian extensions of Rota-Baxter pre-Lie algebras in terms of non-abelian cohomology groups.Next,we explore the inducibility of pairs of automorphisms and derive the analog Wells exact sequences under the circumstance of Rota-Baxter pre-Lie algebras.Finally,we discuss the inducibility problem of pairs of automorphisms about an abelian extensions of Rota-Baxter pre-Lie algebras.展开更多
Global brain ischemia and neurological deficit are consequences of cardiac arrest that lead to high mortality.Despite advancements in resuscitation science,our limited understanding of the cellular and molecular mecha...Global brain ischemia and neurological deficit are consequences of cardiac arrest that lead to high mortality.Despite advancements in resuscitation science,our limited understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying post-cardiac arrest brain injury have hindered the development of effective neuroprotective strategies.Previous studies primarily focused on neuronal death,potentially overlooking the contributions of non-neuronal cells and intercellular communication to the pathophysiology of cardiac arrest-induced brain injury.To address these gaps,we hypothesized that single-cell transcriptomic analysis could uncover previously unidentified cellular subpopulations,altered cell communication networks,and novel molecular mechanisms involved in post-cardiac arrest brain injury.In this study,we performed a single-cell transcriptomic analysis of the hippocampus from pigs with ventricular fibrillation-induced cardiac arrest at 6 and 24 hours following the return of spontaneous circulation,and from sham control pigs.Sequencing results revealed changes in the proportions of different cell types,suggesting post-arrest disruption in the blood-brain barrier and infiltration of neutrophils.These results were validated through western blotting,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,and immunofluorescence staining.We also identified and validated a unique subcluster of activated microglia with high expression of S100A8,which increased over time following cardiac arrest.This subcluster simultaneously exhibited significant M1/M2 polarization and expressed key functional genes related to chemokines and interleukins.Additionally,we revealed the post-cardiac arrest dysfunction of oligodendrocytes and the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells into oligodendrocytes.Cell communication analysis identified enhanced post-cardiac arrest communication between neutrophils and microglia that was mediated by neutrophil-derived resistin,driving pro-inflammatory microglial polarization.Our findings provide a comprehensive single-cell map of the post-cardiac arrest hippocampus,offering potential novel targets for neuroprotection and repair following cardiac arrest.展开更多
As an important resource in data link,time slots should be strategically allocated to enhance transmission efficiency and resist eavesdropping,especially considering the tremendous increase in the number of nodes and ...As an important resource in data link,time slots should be strategically allocated to enhance transmission efficiency and resist eavesdropping,especially considering the tremendous increase in the number of nodes and diverse communication needs.It is crucial to design control sequences with robust randomness and conflict-freeness to properly address differentiated access control in data link.In this paper,we propose a hierarchical access control scheme based on control sequences to achieve high utilization of time slots and differentiated access control.A theoretical bound of the hierarchical control sequence set is derived to characterize the constraints on the parameters of the sequence set.Moreover,two classes of optimal hierarchical control sequence sets satisfying the theoretical bound are constructed,both of which enable the scheme to achieve maximum utilization of time slots.Compared with the fixed time slot allocation scheme,our scheme reduces the symbol error rate by up to 9%,which indicates a significant improvement in anti-interference and eavesdropping capabilities.展开更多
The occurrence of severe thalassemia,an inherited blood disorder that is either blood-transfusiondependent or fatal,can be mitigated through carrier screening.Here,we aim to evaluate the effectiveness and outcomes of ...The occurrence of severe thalassemia,an inherited blood disorder that is either blood-transfusiondependent or fatal,can be mitigated through carrier screening.Here,we aim to evaluate the effectiveness and outcomes of pre-conceptional and early pregnancy screening initiatives for severe thalassemia prevention in a diverse population of 28,043 women.Using next-generation sequencing(NGS),we identify 4,226(15.07%)thalassemia carriers across 29 ethnic groups and categorize them into high-(0.75%),low-(25.86%),and unknown-risk(69.19%)groups based on their spouses'screening results.Post-screening follow-up reveals 59 fetuses with severe thalassemia exclusively in high-risk couples,underscoring the efficacy of risk classification.Among 25,053 live births over 6 months of age,two severe thalassemia infants were born to unknown-risk couples,which was attributed to incomplete screening and late NGS-based testing for a rare variant.Notably,64 rare variants are identified in 287 individuals,highlighting the genetic heterogeneity of thalassemia.We also observe that migrant flow significantly impacts carrier rates,with 93.90%of migrants to Chenzhou originating from high-prevalence regions in southern China.Our study demonstrates that NGS-based screening during pre-conception and early pregnancy is effective for severe thalassemia prevention,emphasizing the need for continuous screening efforts in areas with high and underestimated prevalence.展开更多
This study establishes and validates a method for the precise quantification of aquatic microbial loads using microbial diversity absolute quantitative sequencing.By adding synthetic spike-in DNA to water samples from...This study establishes and validates a method for the precise quantification of aquatic microbial loads using microbial diversity absolute quantitative sequencing.By adding synthetic spike-in DNA to water samples from the Dahei River prior to DNA extraction and 16S rRNA gene sequencing,it generates standard curves to convert sequencing data into absolute microbial copy numbers.The method,which is proved highly accurate(R^(2)>0.99),reveals a clear contrast between the river sites:the upstream community has not only a significantly higher total microbial load but also a completely different makeup of species compared to the downstream site.This approach effectively overcomes the limitations of relative abundance analysis,providing a powerful tool for environmental monitoring,and proposes key steps for future standardization to ensure data comparability and integration.展开更多
We are sorry for the mistakes of Affiliation,"a State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials,Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China"should be replaced by&quo...We are sorry for the mistakes of Affiliation,"a State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials,Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China"should be replaced by"a State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials,Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials,College of Materials Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China".We apologized for the inconvenience caused by this error.展开更多
The Ordos Basin is a large superimposed hydrocarbon-bearing basin in China,and further research on the sedimentary characteristics and sedimentary evolution of the sequence framework of target layers is of great theor...The Ordos Basin is a large superimposed hydrocarbon-bearing basin in China,and further research on the sedimentary characteristics and sedimentary evolution of the sequence framework of target layers is of great theoretical and practical significance for guiding oil and gas exploration.The sedimentary facies and sedimentary evolution of the high-resolution sequence framework of the Carboniferous Taiyuan Formation in the Hangjinqi area have been systematically analyzed for the first time by drilling,logging and seismic data.The results show that four types of sequence interfaces can be identified in the Taiyuan Formation:regional unconformity surfaces,scour surfaces,lithologic-lithofacies transformation surfaces and flooding surfaces.According to the sedimentary response caused by the upward and downward movements of the base level at different levels,the Taiyuan Formation can be divided into 2 long-term cycles(LSC_(1)-LSC_(2)),4 mid-term cycles(MSC_(1)-MSC4)and 7 short-term cycles(SSC_(1)-SSC7).The long-and mid-term cycles correspond to members T_(1)and T_(2)and layers T_(1)-1,T_(1-2),T_(2-1),and T_(2)-2,respectively.Long-term cycles are dominated by C_(1);mid-term cycles are dominated by C_(1)and C_(2),followed by A2;and short-term cycles are dominated by C_(1),C_(2),A1 and A2.Under the high-resolution sequence stratigraphic framework,the Hangjinqi area underwent a transformation of fan delta and tidal flat depositional systems during the Taiyuan Formation sedimentary period.In the MSC_(1)-MSC_(2)stage,owing to a large-scale paleocontinent,the fan delta sedimentary body,which was limited in scale and scope,developed only in the southeastern corner and gradually transitioned basinward to tidal flat facies.In the MSC3-MSC4 stage,as the paleocontinent continuously decreased and the sedimentary range expanded,fan-delta plain sedimentation began in the study area.Several braided distributary channels with poor connectivity developed on the fan-delta plain,and between them were floodplains and peat swamps.展开更多
Wu et al recently applied multi-region 16S rRNA sequencing to characterize the gastric cancer microbiome,demonstrating improved taxonomic resolution and detection sensitivity over conventional single-region approaches...Wu et al recently applied multi-region 16S rRNA sequencing to characterize the gastric cancer microbiome,demonstrating improved taxonomic resolution and detection sensitivity over conventional single-region approaches.While the study represents a valuable methodological step forward,it remains limited by singlecenter design,lack of quantitative calibration,and insufficient control for contamination and inter-laboratory variability.This editorial critically appraises these methodological gaps and emphasizes that future efforts must focus on harmonized,consensus-driven workflows to ensure reproducibility and clinical reliability.The translational potential of multi-region 16S lies in moving from descriptive microbial profiling to actionable clinical integration,particularly for recurrence prediction,treatment-response monitoring,and perioperative complication risk assessment.By addressing these methodological,economic,and ethical challenges,the field can advance toward evidence-based and clinically deployable microbiome-guided precision oncology.展开更多
Few studies have investigated alterations in the immune cell microenvironment of the dorsal root ganglia following spinal cord injury and whether these modifications facilitate axonal regeneration.In this study,we use...Few studies have investigated alterations in the immune cell microenvironment of the dorsal root ganglia following spinal cord injury and whether these modifications facilitate axonal regeneration.In this study,we used a single-cell RNA sequencing dataset to create a comprehensive profile of the diverse cell types in the dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord of a mid-thoracic contusion injury model in cynomolgus monkeys.Cell communication analysis indicated that specific signaling events among various dorsal root ganglia cell types occur in response to spinal cord injury.Single-cell analysis using dimensionality reduction clustering identified distinct molecular signatures for nine cell types,including macrophage subpopulations,and differential gene expression profiles between dorsal root ganglia cells and spinal cord cells following spinal cord injury.The macrophage subpopulations were categorized into 11 clusters(MC0-MC10)based on differentially expressed genes,with the top 10 genes being ABCA6,RBMS3,EBF1,LAMA4,ANTXR2,LAMA2,SOX5,FOXP2,GHR,and APOD.MC0,MC1,and MC2 constituted the predominant macrophage populations.MC4,MC6,and MC9 were nearly absent in the spinal cord,but exhibited significant increases in the dorsal root ganglia post-spinal cord injury.Notably,these subpopulations possess a strong capacity for regulating axonal regeneration.The developmental progression of dorsal root ganglia macrophages after spinal cord injury was elucidated using cell trajectory and pseudo-time analyses.Genes such as EBF1(MC6 and MC9 marker),RBMS3(MC6 and MC9 marker),and ABCA6(MC6 marker)showed high expression levels in the critical pathways of macrophage function.Through ligand-receptor pair analysis,we determined that the effects of macrophages on microglia are predominantly mediated through interaction pairs(e.g.,SPP1-CD44,LAMC1-CD44,and FN1-CD44),potentially facilitating specific cellular communications within the immune microenvironment.The single-cell RNA sequencing dataset used in this study represents the first comprehensive transcriptional analysis of the dorsal root ganglia after spinal cord injury in cynomolgus monkeys,encompassing nearly all cell types within the dorsal root ganglia region.Using this dataset,we evaluated diverse subtypes of macrophages in the post-spinal cord injury dorsal root ganglia area and examined the signaling pathways that facilitate interactions among immune response-related macrophages in the dorsal root ganglia.Findings from this study provide a theoretical basis for understanding how the immune microenvironment influences the regenerative capacity of dorsal root ganglia neurons after spinal cord injury and offer novel insights into the complex processes underlying the pathobiology of spinal cord injury.展开更多
Hyperpolarization of nuclear spins is crucial for advancing nuclear magnetic resonance and quantum information technologies,as nuclear spins typically exhibit extremely low polarization at room temperature due to thei...Hyperpolarization of nuclear spins is crucial for advancing nuclear magnetic resonance and quantum information technologies,as nuclear spins typically exhibit extremely low polarization at room temperature due to their small gyromagnetic ratios.A promising approach to achieving high nuclear spin polarization is transferring the polarization of electrons to nuclear spins.The nitrogen-vacancy(NV)center in diamond has emerged as a highly effective medium for this purpose,and various hyperpolarization protocols have been developed.Among these,the pulsed polarization(PulsePol)method has been extensively studied due to its robustness against static energy shifts of the electron spin.In this work,we present a novel polarization protocol and uncover a family of magic sequences for hyperpolarizing nuclear spins,with PulsePol emerging as a special case of our general approach.Notably,we demonstrate that some of these magic sequences exhibit significantly greater robustness compared to the PulsePol protocol in the presence of finite half𝜋pulse duration of the protocol,Rabi and detuning errors.This enhanced robustness positions our protocol as a more suitable candidate for hyper-polarizing nuclear spins species with large gyromagnetic ratios and also ensures better compatibility with high-efficiency readout techniques at high magnetic fields.Additionally,the generality of our protocol allows for its direct application to other solid-state quantum systems beyond the NV center.展开更多
The first internal transcribed spacer(ITS1) of nuclear ribosomal DNA of three wild rice species and two subspecies of cultivated rice, which are distributed in China, was amplified using PCR technique and sequenced wi...The first internal transcribed spacer(ITS1) of nuclear ribosomal DNA of three wild rice species and two subspecies of cultivated rice, which are distributed in China, was amplified using PCR technique and sequenced with automated fluorescent sequencing. The sequences of ITS1 ranged from 193 bp to 218 bp in size and G/C content varied from 69.3% to 72.7%. In pairwise comparisons among the five taxa, sequence site divergence ranged from 1.5% to 10.6%. Phylogenetic analysis of ITS1 sequences using Wagner parsimony generated a single well resolved tree, which revealed that Oryza rufipogon was much more closely related to cultivated rice species than to the other two wild species. Oryza granulata was less closely related to either cultivated rice species or the other two wild species, and might be a unique and isolated taxon in the genus Oryza. The phylogenetic relationships of the three wild rice species and two cultivated rice subspecies inferred from ITS1 sequences is highly concordant with those based on the molecular evidence from isozyme, chloroplast DNA (cpDNA), mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) and nuclear DNA (nDNA) of the genus Oryza .展开更多
Recent work revealed that, in the genomes of polyploid wheat, there exists a class of low_copy and chromosome_specific sequences that are labile upon polyploid formation. This class of sequences was proposed to play ...Recent work revealed that, in the genomes of polyploid wheat, there exists a class of low_copy and chromosome_specific sequences that are labile upon polyploid formation. This class of sequences was proposed to play a critical role in the stabilization and establishment of nascent plant polyploids as new species. To further study this issue, five wheat chromosome 7B_specific sequences, isolated from common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by chromosome microdissection, were characterized. The sequences were studied by genomic Southern hybridizations on a collection of polyploid wheats and their diploid progenitors. Four sequences hybridized to all polyploid species, but at the diploid level to only species closely related to the B_genome of polyploid wheat. This indicates that these sequences originated with the divergence of the diploid species, and was then vertically transmitted to polyploids. One sequence hybridized to all species at both the diploid and polyploid levels, suggesting its elimination after the polyploid wheat formation. The hybridization of this sequence to two synthetic polyploid wheats indicated that sequence elimination is a rapid event and probably related to methylation status of the sequence. Based on the above results, we suggest that selective changes of low_copy sequences occur rapidly after polyploid formation, which may contribute to the differentiation of chromosomes in newly formed allopolyploid wheats.展开更多
Since the traditional Miner rule ignores the influence of the load sequence on the fatigue life, the fuzzy rules are used to analyze the fuzziness of the fatigue damage caused by the stress nearby the fatigue limit un...Since the traditional Miner rule ignores the influence of the load sequence on the fatigue life, the fuzzy rules are used to analyze the fuzziness of the fatigue damage caused by the stress nearby the fatigue limit under different load sequences. The improved fuzzy Miner rule can reflect the influence of the load sequence on the fatigue life. Results of the example show that the prediction error can be reduced from 61.6% to 21.7%.展开更多
[ Objective ] The aim of this study is to identify 6 marine fungi species by analyzing ITS nucleotide sequence, which had been primarily identified as penicillium based on morphological characteristics. [ Method ] The...[ Objective ] The aim of this study is to identify 6 marine fungi species by analyzing ITS nucleotide sequence, which had been primarily identified as penicillium based on morphological characteristics. [ Method ] The ITS regions of these species were cloned by molecule biology method and phylogenetic analyzed using ClustalX1.83 software. [ Result] The ITS regions of these species were sequenced, and phylogenetic analysis between the yield sequences and the ITS sequences assessed in GenBank showed that the 6 strains all belonged to penicillium. [ Condusion] The present study suggests ITS sequence analysis could not be used as an only proof, but it is a very useful supplementary tool for the classification and identification of marine peniciUium combined with morphological characteristics.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to explore the phylogenetic relationships of Cara- gana （Fabaceae） by the use of nrlTS sequences. [Method] Internal transcribed spac- er （ITS） sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA （nrDNA） f...[Objective] The aim was to explore the phylogenetic relationships of Cara- gana （Fabaceae） by the use of nrlTS sequences. [Method] Internal transcribed spac- er （ITS） sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA （nrDNA） from 29 taxa of Caragana species and seven close relatives （all belong to Astralinae （Adens） Benth） were used for phylogenetic analysis. [Result] Length of the entire ITS region ranges from 611 to 614 bp in Caragana species. The aligned sequences nrlTS of Caragana are 655 bp, and 170 sites are variable, with 107 phylogenetically informative sites. The phylogenetically informative sites are 16.3% of the total aligned sequences. The ITS sequences data are useful to resolve some relationships at lower taxonomic levels within Caragana. The Caragana Fabr. is not a monophyletic group with very close connection with Calophaca tianschanica. The ITS data revealed that the species of Sect. tragacanthoides were dispersed in MP tree or ME tree. Although the morphol- ogy of C. ordosica is similar to C. tibetica, the ITS results revealed an unexpectedly close relativeship to C. roborovskyi. The ITS data also indicate C. davazamcii, C. korshinskii, C. intermedia, and C. microphylla are different species. [Conclusion] ITS sequences have an important reference value in exploring the relationships of Cara- gana.展开更多
Some chaotic sequences generated from maps conjugated with tent map can be reconstructed precisely by short sequence prediction,since the problem of finite precision degrades the statistical properties of chaotic ma...Some chaotic sequences generated from maps conjugated with tent map can be reconstructed precisely by short sequence prediction,since the problem of finite precision degrades the statistical properties of chaotic maps.This paper discusses the topological conjugation properties of the chaotic maps;analyzes in detail the reconstruction process of the chaotic sequences and the security of the oversampled chaotic map (OSCM) binary sequences.The result demonstrates that OSCM binary sequences can sustain the attack of the short sequence prediction,that is,they cant be reconstructed.Furthermore,all attack strategies aiming at the chaotic systems based on synchronization will fail,meaning that they are secure.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32172979)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(No.2021J05159)the 2023 Special Program for Promoting High-Quality Development of Marine and Fishery Industry in Fujian Province(No.PJHYF-L-2023-2)。
文摘The Fujian oyster(Crassostrea angulata)is an economically significant shellfish species distributed mainly along the Fujian coast,Southeast China.However,its genetic diversity and structure remain unclear.The main distribution area of the C.angulata is located in Fujian,South China.In total,420 C.angulata were collected from 14 natural habitats(populations)along the Fujian coast,and their genetic diversity and structure were analyzed in the mitochondrial COⅠand nuclear gene ITS2 sequences.Results reveal that all the 14 populations of C.angulata exhibited high levels of genetic diversity,with a total of 57(haplotype diversity:0.811±0.016)and 124(haplotype diversity:0.912±0.007)haplotypes revealed by COⅠand ITS2,respectively.Notably,significant intermediate level of genetic differentiations between the Ningde Zhujiang(ZJ)population(F_(ST)by COI:0.035-0.142,P<0.05;F_(ST)by ITS2:0.078-0.123,P<0.05)with other populations were observed for the first time,which is also supported by the results of molecular variance analysis(F_(CT)by COⅠ:0.105,P<0.05;F_(CT)by ITS2:0.086,P<0.05)and the clustering of the ZJ population into distinct branches in the interpopulation genetic differentiation tree.Furthermore,the evolutionary tree and haplotype network analyses do not support the formation of a clear geographical genealogical structure among these 14 populations.In addition,the population dynamics analysis suggests that the C.angulata may have undergone expansion during the third ice age of the Pleistocene.These results provide a reference for the preservation and further genetic improvement of C.angulata.
文摘Binary sequences constructed by Legendre symbols are widely used in communication and cryptography since they have many good pseudo-random properties.In this paper,we determine the 2-adic complexity of the sum sequence of any k many Legendre sequences and show that the 2-adic complexity of the sum sequences of any k many Legendre sequences reaches the maximum by proving the case of k=2 and 3,which implies that the sum sequences can resist the attack of rational approximation algorithm.
基金supported by Qingdao Key Medical and Health Discipline ProjectThe Intramural Research Program of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,No. 4910Qingdao West Coast New Area Science and Technology Project,No. 2020-55 (all to SW)。
文摘Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database(GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC' tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12161013)the School-Level Student Research Project of Guizhou University of Finance and Economics(Grant No.2024ZXSY239).
文摘In this paper,we introduce non-abelian cohomology groups and classify the nonabelian extensions of Rota-Baxter pre-Lie algebras in terms of non-abelian cohomology groups.Next,we explore the inducibility of pairs of automorphisms and derive the analog Wells exact sequences under the circumstance of Rota-Baxter pre-Lie algebras.Finally,we discuss the inducibility problem of pairs of automorphisms about an abelian extensions of Rota-Baxter pre-Lie algebras.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China,Nos.82325031(to FX),82030059(to YC),82102290(to YG),U23A20485(to YC)Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project,No.2023ZD0505504(to FX),2023ZD0505500(to YC)the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province,No.2022ZLGX03(to YC).
文摘Global brain ischemia and neurological deficit are consequences of cardiac arrest that lead to high mortality.Despite advancements in resuscitation science,our limited understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying post-cardiac arrest brain injury have hindered the development of effective neuroprotective strategies.Previous studies primarily focused on neuronal death,potentially overlooking the contributions of non-neuronal cells and intercellular communication to the pathophysiology of cardiac arrest-induced brain injury.To address these gaps,we hypothesized that single-cell transcriptomic analysis could uncover previously unidentified cellular subpopulations,altered cell communication networks,and novel molecular mechanisms involved in post-cardiac arrest brain injury.In this study,we performed a single-cell transcriptomic analysis of the hippocampus from pigs with ventricular fibrillation-induced cardiac arrest at 6 and 24 hours following the return of spontaneous circulation,and from sham control pigs.Sequencing results revealed changes in the proportions of different cell types,suggesting post-arrest disruption in the blood-brain barrier and infiltration of neutrophils.These results were validated through western blotting,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,and immunofluorescence staining.We also identified and validated a unique subcluster of activated microglia with high expression of S100A8,which increased over time following cardiac arrest.This subcluster simultaneously exhibited significant M1/M2 polarization and expressed key functional genes related to chemokines and interleukins.Additionally,we revealed the post-cardiac arrest dysfunction of oligodendrocytes and the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells into oligodendrocytes.Cell communication analysis identified enhanced post-cardiac arrest communication between neutrophils and microglia that was mediated by neutrophil-derived resistin,driving pro-inflammatory microglial polarization.Our findings provide a comprehensive single-cell map of the post-cardiac arrest hippocampus,offering potential novel targets for neuroprotection and repair following cardiac arrest.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(No.62171387)the Science and Technology Program of Sichuan Province(No.2024NSFSC0468)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M663475).
文摘As an important resource in data link,time slots should be strategically allocated to enhance transmission efficiency and resist eavesdropping,especially considering the tremendous increase in the number of nodes and diverse communication needs.It is crucial to design control sequences with robust randomness and conflict-freeness to properly address differentiated access control in data link.In this paper,we propose a hierarchical access control scheme based on control sequences to achieve high utilization of time slots and differentiated access control.A theoretical bound of the hierarchical control sequence set is derived to characterize the constraints on the parameters of the sequence set.Moreover,two classes of optimal hierarchical control sequence sets satisfying the theoretical bound are constructed,both of which enable the scheme to achieve maximum utilization of time slots.Compared with the fixed time slot allocation scheme,our scheme reduces the symbol error rate by up to 9%,which indicates a significant improvement in anti-interference and eavesdropping capabilities.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81760037)Yunling Scholar Project of Yunnan Province(YNWR-YLXZ-2019-0005)+1 种基金Hunan Provincial Innovation Platform and Talent Program(2018SK4004)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2019JJ80048).
文摘The occurrence of severe thalassemia,an inherited blood disorder that is either blood-transfusiondependent or fatal,can be mitigated through carrier screening.Here,we aim to evaluate the effectiveness and outcomes of pre-conceptional and early pregnancy screening initiatives for severe thalassemia prevention in a diverse population of 28,043 women.Using next-generation sequencing(NGS),we identify 4,226(15.07%)thalassemia carriers across 29 ethnic groups and categorize them into high-(0.75%),low-(25.86%),and unknown-risk(69.19%)groups based on their spouses'screening results.Post-screening follow-up reveals 59 fetuses with severe thalassemia exclusively in high-risk couples,underscoring the efficacy of risk classification.Among 25,053 live births over 6 months of age,two severe thalassemia infants were born to unknown-risk couples,which was attributed to incomplete screening and late NGS-based testing for a rare variant.Notably,64 rare variants are identified in 287 individuals,highlighting the genetic heterogeneity of thalassemia.We also observe that migrant flow significantly impacts carrier rates,with 93.90%of migrants to Chenzhou originating from high-prevalence regions in southern China.Our study demonstrates that NGS-based screening during pre-conception and early pregnancy is effective for severe thalassemia prevention,emphasizing the need for continuous screening efforts in areas with high and underestimated prevalence.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32160172)the Key Science-Technology Project of Inner Mongolia(2023KYPT0010)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(Grant No.2025QN03006)the 2023 Inner Mongolia Public Institution High-level Talent Introduction Scientific Research Support Project.
文摘This study establishes and validates a method for the precise quantification of aquatic microbial loads using microbial diversity absolute quantitative sequencing.By adding synthetic spike-in DNA to water samples from the Dahei River prior to DNA extraction and 16S rRNA gene sequencing,it generates standard curves to convert sequencing data into absolute microbial copy numbers.The method,which is proved highly accurate(R^(2)>0.99),reveals a clear contrast between the river sites:the upstream community has not only a significantly higher total microbial load but also a completely different makeup of species compared to the downstream site.This approach effectively overcomes the limitations of relative abundance analysis,providing a powerful tool for environmental monitoring,and proposes key steps for future standardization to ensure data comparability and integration.
文摘We are sorry for the mistakes of Affiliation,"a State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials,Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China"should be replaced by"a State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials,Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials,College of Materials Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China".We apologized for the inconvenience caused by this error.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Liaoning Universities(Grant No.LJ202410166012).
文摘The Ordos Basin is a large superimposed hydrocarbon-bearing basin in China,and further research on the sedimentary characteristics and sedimentary evolution of the sequence framework of target layers is of great theoretical and practical significance for guiding oil and gas exploration.The sedimentary facies and sedimentary evolution of the high-resolution sequence framework of the Carboniferous Taiyuan Formation in the Hangjinqi area have been systematically analyzed for the first time by drilling,logging and seismic data.The results show that four types of sequence interfaces can be identified in the Taiyuan Formation:regional unconformity surfaces,scour surfaces,lithologic-lithofacies transformation surfaces and flooding surfaces.According to the sedimentary response caused by the upward and downward movements of the base level at different levels,the Taiyuan Formation can be divided into 2 long-term cycles(LSC_(1)-LSC_(2)),4 mid-term cycles(MSC_(1)-MSC4)and 7 short-term cycles(SSC_(1)-SSC7).The long-and mid-term cycles correspond to members T_(1)and T_(2)and layers T_(1)-1,T_(1-2),T_(2-1),and T_(2)-2,respectively.Long-term cycles are dominated by C_(1);mid-term cycles are dominated by C_(1)and C_(2),followed by A2;and short-term cycles are dominated by C_(1),C_(2),A1 and A2.Under the high-resolution sequence stratigraphic framework,the Hangjinqi area underwent a transformation of fan delta and tidal flat depositional systems during the Taiyuan Formation sedimentary period.In the MSC_(1)-MSC_(2)stage,owing to a large-scale paleocontinent,the fan delta sedimentary body,which was limited in scale and scope,developed only in the southeastern corner and gradually transitioned basinward to tidal flat facies.In the MSC3-MSC4 stage,as the paleocontinent continuously decreased and the sedimentary range expanded,fan-delta plain sedimentation began in the study area.Several braided distributary channels with poor connectivity developed on the fan-delta plain,and between them were floodplains and peat swamps.
文摘Wu et al recently applied multi-region 16S rRNA sequencing to characterize the gastric cancer microbiome,demonstrating improved taxonomic resolution and detection sensitivity over conventional single-region approaches.While the study represents a valuable methodological step forward,it remains limited by singlecenter design,lack of quantitative calibration,and insufficient control for contamination and inter-laboratory variability.This editorial critically appraises these methodological gaps and emphasizes that future efforts must focus on harmonized,consensus-driven workflows to ensure reproducibility and clinical reliability.The translational potential of multi-region 16S lies in moving from descriptive microbial profiling to actionable clinical integration,particularly for recurrence prediction,treatment-response monitoring,and perioperative complication risk assessment.By addressing these methodological,economic,and ethical challenges,the field can advance toward evidence-based and clinically deployable microbiome-guided precision oncology.
基金supported by the Tianjin Key Medical Discipline(Specialty)Construct Project,No.TJYXZDXK-027A(to SF)the National Key Research andDevelopment Project of Stem Cell and Transformation Research,No.2019YFA0112100(to SF)+2 种基金Tianjin Natural Science Foundation’s Youth Project for DiverseInvestments,No.21JCQNJC01300(to BF)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Youth Program),No.82102563(to BF)Tianjin Major Science andTechnology Special Projects and Engineering Projects,No.21ZXJBSY00080(to YR).
文摘Few studies have investigated alterations in the immune cell microenvironment of the dorsal root ganglia following spinal cord injury and whether these modifications facilitate axonal regeneration.In this study,we used a single-cell RNA sequencing dataset to create a comprehensive profile of the diverse cell types in the dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord of a mid-thoracic contusion injury model in cynomolgus monkeys.Cell communication analysis indicated that specific signaling events among various dorsal root ganglia cell types occur in response to spinal cord injury.Single-cell analysis using dimensionality reduction clustering identified distinct molecular signatures for nine cell types,including macrophage subpopulations,and differential gene expression profiles between dorsal root ganglia cells and spinal cord cells following spinal cord injury.The macrophage subpopulations were categorized into 11 clusters(MC0-MC10)based on differentially expressed genes,with the top 10 genes being ABCA6,RBMS3,EBF1,LAMA4,ANTXR2,LAMA2,SOX5,FOXP2,GHR,and APOD.MC0,MC1,and MC2 constituted the predominant macrophage populations.MC4,MC6,and MC9 were nearly absent in the spinal cord,but exhibited significant increases in the dorsal root ganglia post-spinal cord injury.Notably,these subpopulations possess a strong capacity for regulating axonal regeneration.The developmental progression of dorsal root ganglia macrophages after spinal cord injury was elucidated using cell trajectory and pseudo-time analyses.Genes such as EBF1(MC6 and MC9 marker),RBMS3(MC6 and MC9 marker),and ABCA6(MC6 marker)showed high expression levels in the critical pathways of macrophage function.Through ligand-receptor pair analysis,we determined that the effects of macrophages on microglia are predominantly mediated through interaction pairs(e.g.,SPP1-CD44,LAMC1-CD44,and FN1-CD44),potentially facilitating specific cellular communications within the immune microenvironment.The single-cell RNA sequencing dataset used in this study represents the first comprehensive transcriptional analysis of the dorsal root ganglia after spinal cord injury in cynomolgus monkeys,encompassing nearly all cell types within the dorsal root ganglia region.Using this dataset,we evaluated diverse subtypes of macrophages in the post-spinal cord injury dorsal root ganglia area and examined the signaling pathways that facilitate interactions among immune response-related macrophages in the dorsal root ganglia.Findings from this study provide a theoretical basis for understanding how the immune microenvironment influences the regenerative capacity of dorsal root ganglia neurons after spinal cord injury and offer novel insights into the complex processes underlying the pathobiology of spinal cord injury.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12475012,62461160263 for P.W.,and 62276171 for H.L.)Quantum Science and Technology-National Science and Technology Major Project of China (Project No.2023ZD0300600 for P.W.)+3 种基金Guangdong Provincial Quantum Science Strategic Initiative (Grant Nos.GDZX240-3009 and GDZX2303005 for P.W.)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (Grant No.2024-A1515011938 for H.L.)Shenzhen Fundamental ResearchGeneral Project (Grant No.JCYJ20240813141503005 for H.L.)the Talents Introduction Foundation of Beijing Normal University (Grant No.310432106 for P.W.)。
文摘Hyperpolarization of nuclear spins is crucial for advancing nuclear magnetic resonance and quantum information technologies,as nuclear spins typically exhibit extremely low polarization at room temperature due to their small gyromagnetic ratios.A promising approach to achieving high nuclear spin polarization is transferring the polarization of electrons to nuclear spins.The nitrogen-vacancy(NV)center in diamond has emerged as a highly effective medium for this purpose,and various hyperpolarization protocols have been developed.Among these,the pulsed polarization(PulsePol)method has been extensively studied due to its robustness against static energy shifts of the electron spin.In this work,we present a novel polarization protocol and uncover a family of magic sequences for hyperpolarizing nuclear spins,with PulsePol emerging as a special case of our general approach.Notably,we demonstrate that some of these magic sequences exhibit significantly greater robustness compared to the PulsePol protocol in the presence of finite half𝜋pulse duration of the protocol,Rabi and detuning errors.This enhanced robustness positions our protocol as a more suitable candidate for hyper-polarizing nuclear spins species with large gyromagnetic ratios and also ensures better compatibility with high-efficiency readout techniques at high magnetic fields.Additionally,the generality of our protocol allows for its direct application to other solid-state quantum systems beyond the NV center.
基金The project supported by the Grant from Presidentof Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘The first internal transcribed spacer(ITS1) of nuclear ribosomal DNA of three wild rice species and two subspecies of cultivated rice, which are distributed in China, was amplified using PCR technique and sequenced with automated fluorescent sequencing. The sequences of ITS1 ranged from 193 bp to 218 bp in size and G/C content varied from 69.3% to 72.7%. In pairwise comparisons among the five taxa, sequence site divergence ranged from 1.5% to 10.6%. Phylogenetic analysis of ITS1 sequences using Wagner parsimony generated a single well resolved tree, which revealed that Oryza rufipogon was much more closely related to cultivated rice species than to the other two wild species. Oryza granulata was less closely related to either cultivated rice species or the other two wild species, and might be a unique and isolated taxon in the genus Oryza. The phylogenetic relationships of the three wild rice species and two cultivated rice subspecies inferred from ITS1 sequences is highly concordant with those based on the molecular evidence from isozyme, chloroplast DNA (cpDNA), mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) and nuclear DNA (nDNA) of the genus Oryza .
文摘Recent work revealed that, in the genomes of polyploid wheat, there exists a class of low_copy and chromosome_specific sequences that are labile upon polyploid formation. This class of sequences was proposed to play a critical role in the stabilization and establishment of nascent plant polyploids as new species. To further study this issue, five wheat chromosome 7B_specific sequences, isolated from common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by chromosome microdissection, were characterized. The sequences were studied by genomic Southern hybridizations on a collection of polyploid wheats and their diploid progenitors. Four sequences hybridized to all polyploid species, but at the diploid level to only species closely related to the B_genome of polyploid wheat. This indicates that these sequences originated with the divergence of the diploid species, and was then vertically transmitted to polyploids. One sequence hybridized to all species at both the diploid and polyploid levels, suggesting its elimination after the polyploid wheat formation. The hybridization of this sequence to two synthetic polyploid wheats indicated that sequence elimination is a rapid event and probably related to methylation status of the sequence. Based on the above results, we suggest that selective changes of low_copy sequences occur rapidly after polyploid formation, which may contribute to the differentiation of chromosomes in newly formed allopolyploid wheats.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(60472118)~~
文摘Since the traditional Miner rule ignores the influence of the load sequence on the fatigue life, the fuzzy rules are used to analyze the fuzziness of the fatigue damage caused by the stress nearby the fatigue limit under different load sequences. The improved fuzzy Miner rule can reflect the influence of the load sequence on the fatigue life. Results of the example show that the prediction error can be reduced from 61.6% to 21.7%.
基金Supported by Standardization Arrangement and Integration and Shareof the Offshore Ocean Microorganism Resources(2004DKA30640)~~
文摘[ Objective ] The aim of this study is to identify 6 marine fungi species by analyzing ITS nucleotide sequence, which had been primarily identified as penicillium based on morphological characteristics. [ Method ] The ITS regions of these species were cloned by molecule biology method and phylogenetic analyzed using ClustalX1.83 software. [ Result] The ITS regions of these species were sequenced, and phylogenetic analysis between the yield sequences and the ITS sequences assessed in GenBank showed that the 6 strains all belonged to penicillium. [ Condusion] The present study suggests ITS sequence analysis could not be used as an only proof, but it is a very useful supplementary tool for the classification and identification of marine peniciUium combined with morphological characteristics.
基金Supported by National Key Basic Research Development Program of China(2002CB111505)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to explore the phylogenetic relationships of Cara- gana （Fabaceae） by the use of nrlTS sequences. [Method] Internal transcribed spac- er （ITS） sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA （nrDNA） from 29 taxa of Caragana species and seven close relatives （all belong to Astralinae （Adens） Benth） were used for phylogenetic analysis. [Result] Length of the entire ITS region ranges from 611 to 614 bp in Caragana species. The aligned sequences nrlTS of Caragana are 655 bp, and 170 sites are variable, with 107 phylogenetically informative sites. The phylogenetically informative sites are 16.3% of the total aligned sequences. The ITS sequences data are useful to resolve some relationships at lower taxonomic levels within Caragana. The Caragana Fabr. is not a monophyletic group with very close connection with Calophaca tianschanica. The ITS data revealed that the species of Sect. tragacanthoides were dispersed in MP tree or ME tree. Although the morphol- ogy of C. ordosica is similar to C. tibetica, the ITS results revealed an unexpectedly close relativeship to C. roborovskyi. The ITS data also indicate C. davazamcii, C. korshinskii, C. intermedia, and C. microphylla are different species. [Conclusion] ITS sequences have an important reference value in exploring the relationships of Cara- gana.
文摘Some chaotic sequences generated from maps conjugated with tent map can be reconstructed precisely by short sequence prediction,since the problem of finite precision degrades the statistical properties of chaotic maps.This paper discusses the topological conjugation properties of the chaotic maps;analyzes in detail the reconstruction process of the chaotic sequences and the security of the oversampled chaotic map (OSCM) binary sequences.The result demonstrates that OSCM binary sequences can sustain the attack of the short sequence prediction,that is,they cant be reconstructed.Furthermore,all attack strategies aiming at the chaotic systems based on synchronization will fail,meaning that they are secure.
