1999–2021年,我国历经12次北极科学考察,获取了大量宝贵的极地海洋水文调查资料。历年以来的CTD调查设备为MARKⅢC CTD(第1、2次北极科学考察)和SBE911 Plus CTD(第3-12次北极科学考察),通过定点投放的方式获取海洋垂直断面的电导率、...1999–2021年,我国历经12次北极科学考察,获取了大量宝贵的极地海洋水文调查资料。历年以来的CTD调查设备为MARKⅢC CTD(第1、2次北极科学考察)和SBE911 Plus CTD(第3-12次北极科学考察),通过定点投放的方式获取海洋垂直断面的电导率、温度和深度数据,调查范围包含北极中央航道、楚科奇海、楚科奇海台、加拿大海盆、白令海峡、白令海、北欧海、北冰洋太平洋扇区等重点海域。通过数据格式转换、数据编辑、滤波和滞后处理、电导修正、起伏校正、衍生参数计算、生成等深间距文件、输出ASCII文件等过程对原始数据进行处理和质量控制,形成垂向分辨率为1 m,包含时间、经度、纬度、压强、深度、温度、盐度、密度、声速和位温等要素的数据集。通过比较同一变量两个传感器之间的数据差值和绘制T-S点聚图进一步评估处理后的数据质量。经评估,处理后的数据质量良好,剔除异常值后的双温盐传感器之间的差值在合理范围内。本数据集为北冰洋水团分布、环流研究、海洋环境变化及全球气候变化等提供了宝贵的现场资料。展开更多
This paper presents the development of a mesoscale self-contained quadruped mobile robot that employs two pieces of piezocomposite actuators for the bounding locomotion.The design of the robot leg is inspired by legge...This paper presents the development of a mesoscale self-contained quadruped mobile robot that employs two pieces of piezocomposite actuators for the bounding locomotion.The design of the robot leg is inspired by legged insects and animals, and the biomimetic concept is implemented in the robot in a simplified form,such that each leg of the robot has only one degree of freedom.The lack of degree of freedom is compensated by a slope of the robot frame relative to the horizontal plane.For the implementation of the self-contained mobile robot,a small power supply circuit is designed and installed on the robot.Experimental results show that the robot can locomote at about 50 mm·s^(-1)with the circuit on board,which can be considered as a significant step toward the goal of building an autonomous legged robot actuated by piezoelectric actuators.展开更多
Firefighters’low back disorders(LBDs)are closely related to excessive spine loading when using the self-contained breathing apparatus(SCBA)continuously.The purpose of this study was to quantify firefighters’spine lo...Firefighters’low back disorders(LBDs)are closely related to excessive spine loading when using the self-contained breathing apparatus(SCBA)continuously.The purpose of this study was to quantify firefighters’spine loading and evaluate the effects of strap lengths of SCBA on altering spine loading.Computer-based musculoskeletal models of three varying-strapped SCBA conditions and a control condition(CC)with no SCBA equipped were developed.The model was driven using three-dimensional(3 D)inertial motion capture data from twelve male subjects performing a walking task and the predicted ground reaction force(GRF).Electromyography(EMG)activities were also recorded to validate the results from the model.The 4 th-5 th lumbar vertebra(L4/L5)joint reaction forces,as well as erector spinae and rectus abdominis forces,were finally obtained.Results demonstrated that carrying SCBA significantly increased the compressive force and anteroposterior shear force at the spine.The risk of potential LBDs increased by about 17.77%.Dynamic balance of erector spinae and rectus abdominis contraction was also disturbed when carrying SCBA,indicating a higher risk of spine muscle strain.Adjustment of SCBA strap length was an efficient method to influence spine loading.The medium-fitting strap(MS)with a length of around 101 cm generated minimum joint reaction forces and achieved the optimum dynamic balance of spine muscle contraction,which was recommended for firefighters.展开更多
文摘1999–2021年,我国历经12次北极科学考察,获取了大量宝贵的极地海洋水文调查资料。历年以来的CTD调查设备为MARKⅢC CTD(第1、2次北极科学考察)和SBE911 Plus CTD(第3-12次北极科学考察),通过定点投放的方式获取海洋垂直断面的电导率、温度和深度数据,调查范围包含北极中央航道、楚科奇海、楚科奇海台、加拿大海盆、白令海峡、白令海、北欧海、北冰洋太平洋扇区等重点海域。通过数据格式转换、数据编辑、滤波和滞后处理、电导修正、起伏校正、衍生参数计算、生成等深间距文件、输出ASCII文件等过程对原始数据进行处理和质量控制,形成垂向分辨率为1 m,包含时间、经度、纬度、压强、深度、温度、盐度、密度、声速和位温等要素的数据集。通过比较同一变量两个传感器之间的数据差值和绘制T-S点聚图进一步评估处理后的数据质量。经评估,处理后的数据质量良好,剔除异常值后的双温盐传感器之间的差值在合理范围内。本数据集为北冰洋水团分布、环流研究、海洋环境变化及全球气候变化等提供了宝贵的现场资料。
基金supported by Korea Research Foundation grant(KRF-2006-005-J03303)and Seoul R&BD Program
文摘This paper presents the development of a mesoscale self-contained quadruped mobile robot that employs two pieces of piezocomposite actuators for the bounding locomotion.The design of the robot leg is inspired by legged insects and animals, and the biomimetic concept is implemented in the robot in a simplified form,such that each leg of the robot has only one degree of freedom.The lack of degree of freedom is compensated by a slope of the robot frame relative to the horizontal plane.For the implementation of the self-contained mobile robot,a small power supply circuit is designed and installed on the robot.Experimental results show that the robot can locomote at about 50 mm·s^(-1)with the circuit on board,which can be considered as a significant step toward the goal of building an autonomous legged robot actuated by piezoelectric actuators.
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.2232022G-08)。
文摘Firefighters’low back disorders(LBDs)are closely related to excessive spine loading when using the self-contained breathing apparatus(SCBA)continuously.The purpose of this study was to quantify firefighters’spine loading and evaluate the effects of strap lengths of SCBA on altering spine loading.Computer-based musculoskeletal models of three varying-strapped SCBA conditions and a control condition(CC)with no SCBA equipped were developed.The model was driven using three-dimensional(3 D)inertial motion capture data from twelve male subjects performing a walking task and the predicted ground reaction force(GRF).Electromyography(EMG)activities were also recorded to validate the results from the model.The 4 th-5 th lumbar vertebra(L4/L5)joint reaction forces,as well as erector spinae and rectus abdominis forces,were finally obtained.Results demonstrated that carrying SCBA significantly increased the compressive force and anteroposterior shear force at the spine.The risk of potential LBDs increased by about 17.77%.Dynamic balance of erector spinae and rectus abdominis contraction was also disturbed when carrying SCBA,indicating a higher risk of spine muscle strain.Adjustment of SCBA strap length was an efficient method to influence spine loading.The medium-fitting strap(MS)with a length of around 101 cm generated minimum joint reaction forces and achieved the optimum dynamic balance of spine muscle contraction,which was recommended for firefighters.
