A dynamics model of the self-aligning ball bearing is proposed based on the Jones-Harris method （JHM）, and a computer program is developed to solve the equations by using the Newton-Raphson method. A parametric anal...A dynamics model of the self-aligning ball bearing is proposed based on the Jones-Harris method （JHM）, and a computer program is developed to solve the equations by using the Newton-Raphson method. A parametric analysis of the centrifugal force and the gyroscopic moment, the contact loads, the contact angles, the radial deformation and the radial stiffness is carried out. The analytical results show that the applied loads and the rotational speed are two main factors that can influence the distributions of the contact loads and values of the contact angles. The centrifugal force and the gyroscopic moment increase with the increase in the rotational speed, resulting in the decrease of the inner raceway contact load and the increase of the outer raceway contact load. The outer raceway contact angle increases under the centrifugal force; on the contrary, the inner raceway contact angle decreases. Furthermore, the differences between the inner and the outer contact angles increase with the increase in the rotational speed. The higher rotational speed results in the decrease in radial stiffness for the self-aligning ball bearing, and the raceway curvature coefficient, to some extent, also influences the radial stiffness.展开更多
AIM: To discuss important characteristics of the useof dental implants in posterior quadrants and the rehabilitation planning. METHODS: An electronic search of English articles was conducted on MEDLINE(PubM ed) from 1...AIM: To discuss important characteristics of the useof dental implants in posterior quadrants and the rehabilitation planning. METHODS: An electronic search of English articles was conducted on MEDLINE(PubM ed) from 1990 up to the period of March 2014. The key terms were dental implants and posterior jaws, dental implants/treatment planning and posterior maxilla, and dental implants/treatment planning and posterior mandible. No exclusion criteria were used for the initial search. Clinical trials, randomized and non randomized studies, classical and comparative studies, multicenter studies, in vitro and in vivo studies, case reports, longitudinal studies and reviews of the literature were included in this review. RESULTS: One hundred and fifty-two articles met the inclusion criteria of treatment planning of dental implants in posterior jaw and were read in their entirety. The selected articles were categorized with respect to their context on space for restoration, anatomic considerations(bone quantity and density), radiographic techniques, implant selection(number, position, diameter and surface), tilted and pterygoid implants, short implants, occlusal considerations, and success rates of implants placed in the posterior region. The results derived from the review process were described under several different topic headings to give readers a clear overview of the literature. In general, it was observed that the use of dental implants in posterior region requires a careful treatment plan. It is important that the practitioner has knowledge about the theme to evaluate the treatment parameters. CONCLUSION: The use of implants to restore the posterior arch presents many challenges and requires a detailed treatment planning.展开更多
Objective: To characterize the diagnostic features of ossifying fibroma (OF) and fibrous dysplasia (FD) of the jaw bones. Study Design: A histopathological and radiological analysis with full clinical documentation. S...Objective: To characterize the diagnostic features of ossifying fibroma (OF) and fibrous dysplasia (FD) of the jaw bones. Study Design: A histopathological and radiological analysis with full clinical documentation. Setting: University of Nairobi Dental Teaching Hospital (UNDH). Study Population: All archival cases diagnosed as FD and OF from 1992-2006 were retrieved from the UNDH Oral Pathology Laboratory records. New cases were included as they pre-sented over a 6-month period from January to June 2007. Methodology: Information regarding the histological type of a fibro-osseous lesion (FOL) including the clinical features, demographic and radiographic data was documented for analysis;and comparison between pathological parameters and the final diagnosis was evaluated with the chi-square test. Results: FD lesions constituted 40 (27.2%) cases while 107 (72.8%) were OF. The age ranged from 1 - 72 years (mean = 24.19 ± SD 13 years). The differences in the gender distribution were not statistically significant. Radiographic analyses showed statistically significant differences between the appearances of the body (p = 0.012) and the margins (p = 0.003) of FD and OF. The microscopic differences between the two lesions were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Differentiation between FD and OF is only possible after critically analyzing the clinical, radiological and histological criteria.展开更多
Aim: To report a series of thirty cases of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). Material and Methods: For 30 patients with BRONJ, gender, age, underlying diagnosis, type of bisphosphonate (BP), adm...Aim: To report a series of thirty cases of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). Material and Methods: For 30 patients with BRONJ, gender, age, underlying diagnosis, type of bisphosphonate (BP), administration route and duration, location and stage of osteonecrosis, symptoms and oral health status, radiological findings of the jaws, treatment and outcome, were recorded. Results: Underlying diagnoses in the series (12 male;18 female;mean age 70.50 ± 9.62) were: 12 multiple myeloma, 7 breast cancer, 3 prostate carcinoma, 1 kidney/lung/ bladder/mediastinal cancer, 1 chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 1 osteoporosis, 1 palatal osteosarcoma + osteoporosis, 1 non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Forty-seven osteonecrotic lesions were detected;30 localized in the mandible,17 inthe maxilla;trigger events were tooth extraction in 31 cases (66%), periodontal disease in 4 (8.50%), incongruous dentures in 3 (6.40%), perimplantitis in 1 (2.10%), unknown in 8 (17%). Twenty-nine patients had received treatment using amino bisphosphonates (25 zoledronate, 2 pamidronate, 2 alendronate) and 1 clodronate;the administration route was intravenous in 27 patients, oral in 2 and intramuscular in 1. Mean number of doses to bone exposure for patients was 34.11 for zoledronate, 50.50 for pamidronate, 146 for alendronate, and 500 for clodronate. Among statistical data the only significant finding was that panoramic dental radiography gave no concrete support for diagnosis of ONJ lesions (p ≤ 0.04). Conclusions: Our case series reflects literature data. We emphasize the insufficient role of panoramic radiography to study osteonecrotic lesions and the role of poor oral hygiene.展开更多
Central mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the jaws (CMCJ) is an extremely rare neoplasm. The clinical manifestation of CMCJ is nonspecific, which includes swelling, pain, mobile teeth and bleeding, etc. To develop the diagn...Central mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the jaws (CMCJ) is an extremely rare neoplasm. The clinical manifestation of CMCJ is nonspecific, which includes swelling, pain, mobile teeth and bleeding, etc. To develop the diagnosis and treatment of CMCJ. this article presents 2 cases of CMCJ treated in our hospital. Their clinical data, treatment and prognosis were analyzed retrospectively.展开更多
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) is a relatively new disease. MARX reported first cases in 2003. MRONJ relates to oral and parenteral bisphosphonates as well as to the so-called target cancer thera...Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) is a relatively new disease. MARX reported first cases in 2003. MRONJ relates to oral and parenteral bisphosphonates as well as to the so-called target cancer therapies but the list of medications only grows. Although MRONJ is a relatively rare condition, it can be associated to significant morbidity with feeding limitations and intense pain. More severe cases can lead to potentially life-threatening infections. Every patient initiating bisphosphonate and/or target cancer therapy must visit a dentist before starting medication because preventive measures for MRONJ are much more effective compared to surgical management of the lesions. Surgical resolution can be especially difficult to obtain in the coexistence of certain complication factors like wider bone exposures, history of nitrogen containing bisphosphonates use (mainly zolendronate) and immunodeficiency. Recently, researchers have given attention to laser therapy associated to photosensitive agents as a possible option to management of some MRONJ lesions. Our case report demonstrates the use of photodynamic therapy in a denosumab related lesion in the mandible. It seems that denosumab related lesions are more amenable to treatment and total resolution because of the marked differences between its chemical and metabolic characteristics when compared to bisphosphonates.展开更多
Background: Bisphosphonates are compounds similar to inorganic pyrophosphates, with anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-bone resorption, and antitumor effects. They are used to prevent bone metastases in cancer a...Background: Bisphosphonates are compounds similar to inorganic pyrophosphates, with anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-bone resorption, and antitumor effects. They are used to prevent bone metastases in cancer and treat osteoporosis. However, a major side effect is osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), first reported in 2003, which is the exposure of necrotic bone in the mouth, often accompanied by infection. Prevention and treatment of ONJ remain challenging due to a lack of reliable epidemiological data on its incidence and risk factors. The aim of our work is to estimate the prevalence of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) and to analyze its correlations with different risk factors reported in the literature. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted in the Oncology, Rheumatology and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of the Mohamed VI University Hospital;Marrakech, based on complete medical records during the period 2017 to 2022, as well as consultations of patients under bisphosphonates in these departments during July and August 2022. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 16.0. Results: Of the 107 patients included in this study, 60.7% were women, and 56.1% were between 40 and 65 years old. 100% of the patients suffered from a general pathology. Regarding treatment with BP, 103 patients were treated with Zoledronate, 4 with Risedronate, and 5 with Ibandronate. 103 patients received this treatment intravenously, while 4 patients received it orally. Regarding Oral health, only 12.1% of patients reported a poor oral health. 99.1% of patients were informed of the need for oral preparation prior to BP treatment, but only 71.02% received dental treatment, mainly tooth extraction. None of the patients were diagnosed with BRONJ. Conclusions: While the global incidence of ONJ ranges from 0.8% to 12%, our finding is zero. Most previous studies are retrospective with limited patient numbers like our study. To accurately assess the prevalence of ONJ, further prospective epidemiological studies with standardized protocols and thorough follow-up over several years are essential.展开更多
目的:研究设置不同的铅门宽度、螺距、调制因子对双侧乳腺癌(bilateral breast cancer,BBC)螺旋断层放疗(helical tomotherapy,HT)计划的影响。方法:回顾性选取2013年10月至2023年7月间于某院接受放疗的17例BBC患者的资料,分别设计不同...目的:研究设置不同的铅门宽度、螺距、调制因子对双侧乳腺癌(bilateral breast cancer,BBC)螺旋断层放疗(helical tomotherapy,HT)计划的影响。方法:回顾性选取2013年10月至2023年7月间于某院接受放疗的17例BBC患者的资料,分别设计不同铅门宽度(1.0、2.5、5.0 cm)、螺距(0.215、0.287、0.430)、调制因子(2.0、2.5、3.0、3.5、4.0)的HT计划,同时其他参数保持一致,设计比较不同参数组合放疗计划的剂量学参数差异[包括计划靶区最大剂量D2、最小剂量D98、靶区覆盖度D95、V105以及适形度指数(conformity index,CI)和均匀性指数(homogeneity index,HI),危及器官(organs at risk,OAR)的剂量参数(双肺V5、V20、V30、Dmean,心脏V5、V20、V30、Dmean,肝脏Dmean)]以及治疗时间。使用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计学分析。结果:减小铅门宽度能够改善靶区的D98、D95、D2、D105、V105、HI,并且减少OAR的受照剂量,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但CI差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。伴随着铅门宽度的减小,治疗时间成倍地增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。减小螺距能使靶区和OAR的照射剂量得到小幅改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但螺距的减小对治疗时间的影响较小。增大调制因子可以改善靶区和OAR的剂量学指标,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但调制因子为3.5和4.0的治疗计划剂量学指标差异较小。调制因子每增加0.5,平均治疗时间约增加15%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在进行BBC HT计划设计时,设置铅门宽度为5.0 cm、螺距为0.215、调制因子为3.5时治疗计划的效果更佳。展开更多
本文聚焦于应用骨改良药物(bone-modifying agents,BMAs)[双膦酸盐类(bisphosphonates,BPs)药物及地舒单抗]患者发生药物相关性颌骨坏死(medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw,MRONJ)的临床防控问题,结合国内外共识与临床实践,...本文聚焦于应用骨改良药物(bone-modifying agents,BMAs)[双膦酸盐类(bisphosphonates,BPs)药物及地舒单抗]患者发生药物相关性颌骨坏死(medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw,MRONJ)的临床防控问题,结合国内外共识与临床实践,提出一套基于风险分级的全程化防控策略。文章系统分析了诱发MRONJ的三大高危因素(药物因素、全身因素、口腔局部因素),强调不同用药方案(低剂量与高剂量)所致MRONJ的风险差异,并据此构建四层级(R0~R3)的风险分级体系。针对每一层级风险等级,本文详细阐述了相应的口腔筛查重点、预防性干预措施、有创操作(如拔牙)的适应证及围手术期的管理规范,并对高风险(R3)患者的药物假期、影像学评估、微创手术与创口处理策略给出了具体指导。本文旨在推动MRONJ的临床防控从“被动诊治”向“主动预防”的模式转变,为口腔医生在保障患者全身疾病治疗的前提下,科学、有效地降低MRONJ发生率提供系统参考。展开更多
背景与目的：近年来，随着技术发展，越来越多的基于能量传递的止血工具广泛问世并应用于开放性外科手术中。超声刀Focus刀头（Harmonic Focus，HF）及Ligasure Small Jaw刀头（LSJ）都是专为开放性甲状腺手术量身定做的。本文拟对北京...背景与目的：近年来，随着技术发展，越来越多的基于能量传递的止血工具广泛问世并应用于开放性外科手术中。超声刀Focus刀头（Harmonic Focus，HF）及Ligasure Small Jaw刀头（LSJ）都是专为开放性甲状腺手术量身定做的。本文拟对北京协和医学院中国医学科学院肿瘤医院HF及LSJ完成的开放性甲状腺手术患者的临床资料进行病例对照分析，以期比较HF及LSJ在开放性甲状腺手术中的应用效果。探讨HF及LSJ用于开放性甲状腺手术的有效性及安全性。方法：选取本院过去1年内甲状腺癌初治患者，由同一外科医师主刀使用HF或LSJ完成甲状腺全切除＋中央区清扫术，纳入HF组100例，LSJ组104例。通过比较两组手术时间及术后第1天引流量，比较两者在甲状腺手术中应用的有效性。通过比较两组术后并发症来评估安全性。结果：有效性：HF组平均手术时间为（95．8±18．0）min，LSJ组平均手术时间为（97．8±19．1）min，差异无统计学意义（P=-0．363）；术后首日引流量HF组为（35．2±20．3）mL，LSJ组为（36．3±23．8）mL，差异无统计学意义（P=0．977）。安全性：HF组出现暂时性声带麻痹者1例（1．0％），LSJ组术后伤口出现术区血肿者1例（1．0％）；暂时I生甲状旁腺功能低下者HF组18例（18．O％），LSJ组16例（15．4％）；HF组术后首日甲状旁腺素平均下降（12．3±12．8）pg／mL，LSJ组平均下降（13．9±13．4）μg／mL；血清离子钙HF组平均下降（0．20±0．13）mg／dL，LSJ组平均下降（0．20±0．16）mg／dL，差异均无统计学意义（P均〉0．05）。结论：HF及LSJ在开放性甲状腺手术中均安全、有效，手术并发症相当。展开更多
An emitter self-aligned InP-based single heterojunction bipolar transistor with a cutoff frequency （fT） of 162GHz is reported. The emitter size is 0.8μm × 12μm, the maximum DC gain is 120, the offset voltage ...An emitter self-aligned InP-based single heterojunction bipolar transistor with a cutoff frequency （fT） of 162GHz is reported. The emitter size is 0.8μm × 12μm, the maximum DC gain is 120, the offset voltage is 0.10V,and the typical breakdown voltage at Ic = 0. 1μA is 3.8V. This device is suitable for high-speed low-power applications,such as OEIC receivers and analog-to-digital converters.展开更多
目的:总结分析接受手术治疗的药物相关性颌骨坏死(medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw,MRONJ)患者的临床资料,探讨手术方式等对疾病预后的影响。方法:回顾性分析2013年1月~2024年10月南京市口腔医院收治的173例2~3期MRONJ手...目的:总结分析接受手术治疗的药物相关性颌骨坏死(medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw,MRONJ)患者的临床资料,探讨手术方式等对疾病预后的影响。方法:回顾性分析2013年1月~2024年10月南京市口腔医院收治的173例2~3期MRONJ手术患者资料,采用χ^(2)检验和Fisher精确检验比较不同分组及手术方式的预后差异。结果:总计144例治愈,29例复发,总治愈率为83.2%,下颌骨治愈率显著低于上颌骨(P<0.05)。骨管技术(难治型2期)和钛板修复(下颌3期)显著提高治愈率(P<0.05),而上颌3期开窗引流与次全切除术患者预后无差异(P>0.05)。结论:MRONJ发病无明显性别差异,下颌骨较上颌骨手术预后差,骨管技术与重建钛板修复是改善预后的关键。展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.5047507, 50775036)the High Technology Research Program of Jiangsu Province (No.BG2006035)the Natural Science Foundation of JiangsuProvince (No.BK2009612)
文摘A dynamics model of the self-aligning ball bearing is proposed based on the Jones-Harris method （JHM）, and a computer program is developed to solve the equations by using the Newton-Raphson method. A parametric analysis of the centrifugal force and the gyroscopic moment, the contact loads, the contact angles, the radial deformation and the radial stiffness is carried out. The analytical results show that the applied loads and the rotational speed are two main factors that can influence the distributions of the contact loads and values of the contact angles. The centrifugal force and the gyroscopic moment increase with the increase in the rotational speed, resulting in the decrease of the inner raceway contact load and the increase of the outer raceway contact load. The outer raceway contact angle increases under the centrifugal force; on the contrary, the inner raceway contact angle decreases. Furthermore, the differences between the inner and the outer contact angles increase with the increase in the rotational speed. The higher rotational speed results in the decrease in radial stiffness for the self-aligning ball bearing, and the raceway curvature coefficient, to some extent, also influences the radial stiffness.
文摘AIM: To discuss important characteristics of the useof dental implants in posterior quadrants and the rehabilitation planning. METHODS: An electronic search of English articles was conducted on MEDLINE(PubM ed) from 1990 up to the period of March 2014. The key terms were dental implants and posterior jaws, dental implants/treatment planning and posterior maxilla, and dental implants/treatment planning and posterior mandible. No exclusion criteria were used for the initial search. Clinical trials, randomized and non randomized studies, classical and comparative studies, multicenter studies, in vitro and in vivo studies, case reports, longitudinal studies and reviews of the literature were included in this review. RESULTS: One hundred and fifty-two articles met the inclusion criteria of treatment planning of dental implants in posterior jaw and were read in their entirety. The selected articles were categorized with respect to their context on space for restoration, anatomic considerations(bone quantity and density), radiographic techniques, implant selection(number, position, diameter and surface), tilted and pterygoid implants, short implants, occlusal considerations, and success rates of implants placed in the posterior region. The results derived from the review process were described under several different topic headings to give readers a clear overview of the literature. In general, it was observed that the use of dental implants in posterior region requires a careful treatment plan. It is important that the practitioner has knowledge about the theme to evaluate the treatment parameters. CONCLUSION: The use of implants to restore the posterior arch presents many challenges and requires a detailed treatment planning.
文摘Objective: To characterize the diagnostic features of ossifying fibroma (OF) and fibrous dysplasia (FD) of the jaw bones. Study Design: A histopathological and radiological analysis with full clinical documentation. Setting: University of Nairobi Dental Teaching Hospital (UNDH). Study Population: All archival cases diagnosed as FD and OF from 1992-2006 were retrieved from the UNDH Oral Pathology Laboratory records. New cases were included as they pre-sented over a 6-month period from January to June 2007. Methodology: Information regarding the histological type of a fibro-osseous lesion (FOL) including the clinical features, demographic and radiographic data was documented for analysis;and comparison between pathological parameters and the final diagnosis was evaluated with the chi-square test. Results: FD lesions constituted 40 (27.2%) cases while 107 (72.8%) were OF. The age ranged from 1 - 72 years (mean = 24.19 ± SD 13 years). The differences in the gender distribution were not statistically significant. Radiographic analyses showed statistically significant differences between the appearances of the body (p = 0.012) and the margins (p = 0.003) of FD and OF. The microscopic differences between the two lesions were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Differentiation between FD and OF is only possible after critically analyzing the clinical, radiological and histological criteria.
文摘Aim: To report a series of thirty cases of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). Material and Methods: For 30 patients with BRONJ, gender, age, underlying diagnosis, type of bisphosphonate (BP), administration route and duration, location and stage of osteonecrosis, symptoms and oral health status, radiological findings of the jaws, treatment and outcome, were recorded. Results: Underlying diagnoses in the series (12 male;18 female;mean age 70.50 ± 9.62) were: 12 multiple myeloma, 7 breast cancer, 3 prostate carcinoma, 1 kidney/lung/ bladder/mediastinal cancer, 1 chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 1 osteoporosis, 1 palatal osteosarcoma + osteoporosis, 1 non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Forty-seven osteonecrotic lesions were detected;30 localized in the mandible,17 inthe maxilla;trigger events were tooth extraction in 31 cases (66%), periodontal disease in 4 (8.50%), incongruous dentures in 3 (6.40%), perimplantitis in 1 (2.10%), unknown in 8 (17%). Twenty-nine patients had received treatment using amino bisphosphonates (25 zoledronate, 2 pamidronate, 2 alendronate) and 1 clodronate;the administration route was intravenous in 27 patients, oral in 2 and intramuscular in 1. Mean number of doses to bone exposure for patients was 34.11 for zoledronate, 50.50 for pamidronate, 146 for alendronate, and 500 for clodronate. Among statistical data the only significant finding was that panoramic dental radiography gave no concrete support for diagnosis of ONJ lesions (p ≤ 0.04). Conclusions: Our case series reflects literature data. We emphasize the insufficient role of panoramic radiography to study osteonecrotic lesions and the role of poor oral hygiene.
文摘Central mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the jaws (CMCJ) is an extremely rare neoplasm. The clinical manifestation of CMCJ is nonspecific, which includes swelling, pain, mobile teeth and bleeding, etc. To develop the diagnosis and treatment of CMCJ. this article presents 2 cases of CMCJ treated in our hospital. Their clinical data, treatment and prognosis were analyzed retrospectively.
文摘Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) is a relatively new disease. MARX reported first cases in 2003. MRONJ relates to oral and parenteral bisphosphonates as well as to the so-called target cancer therapies but the list of medications only grows. Although MRONJ is a relatively rare condition, it can be associated to significant morbidity with feeding limitations and intense pain. More severe cases can lead to potentially life-threatening infections. Every patient initiating bisphosphonate and/or target cancer therapy must visit a dentist before starting medication because preventive measures for MRONJ are much more effective compared to surgical management of the lesions. Surgical resolution can be especially difficult to obtain in the coexistence of certain complication factors like wider bone exposures, history of nitrogen containing bisphosphonates use (mainly zolendronate) and immunodeficiency. Recently, researchers have given attention to laser therapy associated to photosensitive agents as a possible option to management of some MRONJ lesions. Our case report demonstrates the use of photodynamic therapy in a denosumab related lesion in the mandible. It seems that denosumab related lesions are more amenable to treatment and total resolution because of the marked differences between its chemical and metabolic characteristics when compared to bisphosphonates.
文摘Background: Bisphosphonates are compounds similar to inorganic pyrophosphates, with anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-bone resorption, and antitumor effects. They are used to prevent bone metastases in cancer and treat osteoporosis. However, a major side effect is osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), first reported in 2003, which is the exposure of necrotic bone in the mouth, often accompanied by infection. Prevention and treatment of ONJ remain challenging due to a lack of reliable epidemiological data on its incidence and risk factors. The aim of our work is to estimate the prevalence of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) and to analyze its correlations with different risk factors reported in the literature. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted in the Oncology, Rheumatology and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of the Mohamed VI University Hospital;Marrakech, based on complete medical records during the period 2017 to 2022, as well as consultations of patients under bisphosphonates in these departments during July and August 2022. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 16.0. Results: Of the 107 patients included in this study, 60.7% were women, and 56.1% were between 40 and 65 years old. 100% of the patients suffered from a general pathology. Regarding treatment with BP, 103 patients were treated with Zoledronate, 4 with Risedronate, and 5 with Ibandronate. 103 patients received this treatment intravenously, while 4 patients received it orally. Regarding Oral health, only 12.1% of patients reported a poor oral health. 99.1% of patients were informed of the need for oral preparation prior to BP treatment, but only 71.02% received dental treatment, mainly tooth extraction. None of the patients were diagnosed with BRONJ. Conclusions: While the global incidence of ONJ ranges from 0.8% to 12%, our finding is zero. Most previous studies are retrospective with limited patient numbers like our study. To accurately assess the prevalence of ONJ, further prospective epidemiological studies with standardized protocols and thorough follow-up over several years are essential.
文摘本文聚焦于应用骨改良药物(bone-modifying agents,BMAs)[双膦酸盐类(bisphosphonates,BPs)药物及地舒单抗]患者发生药物相关性颌骨坏死(medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw,MRONJ)的临床防控问题,结合国内外共识与临床实践,提出一套基于风险分级的全程化防控策略。文章系统分析了诱发MRONJ的三大高危因素(药物因素、全身因素、口腔局部因素),强调不同用药方案(低剂量与高剂量)所致MRONJ的风险差异,并据此构建四层级(R0~R3)的风险分级体系。针对每一层级风险等级,本文详细阐述了相应的口腔筛查重点、预防性干预措施、有创操作(如拔牙)的适应证及围手术期的管理规范,并对高风险(R3)患者的药物假期、影像学评估、微创手术与创口处理策略给出了具体指导。本文旨在推动MRONJ的临床防控从“被动诊治”向“主动预防”的模式转变,为口腔医生在保障患者全身疾病治疗的前提下,科学、有效地降低MRONJ发生率提供系统参考。
文摘背景与目的：近年来，随着技术发展，越来越多的基于能量传递的止血工具广泛问世并应用于开放性外科手术中。超声刀Focus刀头（Harmonic Focus，HF）及Ligasure Small Jaw刀头（LSJ）都是专为开放性甲状腺手术量身定做的。本文拟对北京协和医学院中国医学科学院肿瘤医院HF及LSJ完成的开放性甲状腺手术患者的临床资料进行病例对照分析，以期比较HF及LSJ在开放性甲状腺手术中的应用效果。探讨HF及LSJ用于开放性甲状腺手术的有效性及安全性。方法：选取本院过去1年内甲状腺癌初治患者，由同一外科医师主刀使用HF或LSJ完成甲状腺全切除＋中央区清扫术，纳入HF组100例，LSJ组104例。通过比较两组手术时间及术后第1天引流量，比较两者在甲状腺手术中应用的有效性。通过比较两组术后并发症来评估安全性。结果：有效性：HF组平均手术时间为（95．8±18．0）min，LSJ组平均手术时间为（97．8±19．1）min，差异无统计学意义（P=-0．363）；术后首日引流量HF组为（35．2±20．3）mL，LSJ组为（36．3±23．8）mL，差异无统计学意义（P=0．977）。安全性：HF组出现暂时性声带麻痹者1例（1．0％），LSJ组术后伤口出现术区血肿者1例（1．0％）；暂时I生甲状旁腺功能低下者HF组18例（18．O％），LSJ组16例（15．4％）；HF组术后首日甲状旁腺素平均下降（12．3±12．8）pg／mL，LSJ组平均下降（13．9±13．4）μg／mL；血清离子钙HF组平均下降（0．20±0．13）mg／dL，LSJ组平均下降（0．20±0．16）mg／dL，差异均无统计学意义（P均〉0．05）。结论：HF及LSJ在开放性甲状腺手术中均安全、有效，手术并发症相当。
文摘An emitter self-aligned InP-based single heterojunction bipolar transistor with a cutoff frequency （fT） of 162GHz is reported. The emitter size is 0.8μm × 12μm, the maximum DC gain is 120, the offset voltage is 0.10V,and the typical breakdown voltage at Ic = 0. 1μA is 3.8V. This device is suitable for high-speed low-power applications,such as OEIC receivers and analog-to-digital converters.
文摘目的:总结分析接受手术治疗的药物相关性颌骨坏死(medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw,MRONJ)患者的临床资料,探讨手术方式等对疾病预后的影响。方法:回顾性分析2013年1月~2024年10月南京市口腔医院收治的173例2~3期MRONJ手术患者资料,采用χ^(2)检验和Fisher精确检验比较不同分组及手术方式的预后差异。结果:总计144例治愈,29例复发,总治愈率为83.2%,下颌骨治愈率显著低于上颌骨(P<0.05)。骨管技术(难治型2期)和钛板修复(下颌3期)显著提高治愈率(P<0.05),而上颌3期开窗引流与次全切除术患者预后无差异(P>0.05)。结论:MRONJ发病无明显性别差异,下颌骨较上颌骨手术预后差,骨管技术与重建钛板修复是改善预后的关键。
