There are many population-based stochastic search algorithms for solving optimization problems. However, the universality and robustness of these algorithms are still unsatisfactory. This paper proposes an enhanced se...There are many population-based stochastic search algorithms for solving optimization problems. However, the universality and robustness of these algorithms are still unsatisfactory. This paper proposes an enhanced self-adaptiveevolutionary algorithm （ESEA） to overcome the demerits above. In the ESEA, four evolutionary operators are designed to enhance the evolutionary structure. Besides, the ESEA employs four effective search strategies under the framework of the self-adaptive learning. Four groups of the experiments are done to find out the most suitable parameter values for the ESEA. In order to verify the performance of the proposed algorithm, 26 state-of-the-art test functions are solved by the ESEA and its competitors. The experimental results demonstrate that the universality and robustness of the ESEA out-perform its competitors.展开更多
Octopuses,due to their flexible arms,marvelous adaptability,and powerful suckers,are able to effortlessly grasp and disengage various objects in the marine surrounding without causing devastation.However,manipulating ...Octopuses,due to their flexible arms,marvelous adaptability,and powerful suckers,are able to effortlessly grasp and disengage various objects in the marine surrounding without causing devastation.However,manipulating delicate objects such as soft and fragile foods underwater require gentle contact and stable adhesion,which poses a serious challenge to now available soft grippers.Inspired by the sucker infundibulum structure and flexible tentacles of octopus,herein we developed a hydraulically actuated hydrogel soft gripper with adaptive maneuverability by coupling multiple hydrogen bond-mediated supramolecular hydrogels and vat polymerization three-dimensional printing,in which hydrogel bionic sucker is composed of a tunable curvature membrane,a negative pressure cavity,and a pneumatic chamber.The design of the sucker structure with the alterable curvature membrane is conducive to realize the reliable and gentle switchable adhesion of the hydrogel soft gripper.As a proof-of-concept,the adaptive hydrogel soft gripper is capable of implement diversified underwater tasks,including gingerly grasping fragile foods like egg yolks and tofu,as well as underwater robots and vehicles that station-keeping and crawling based on switchable adhesion.This study therefore provides a transformative strategy for the design of novel soft grippers that will render promising utilities for underwater exploration soft robotics.展开更多
Effective guidance is one of the most important tasks to the performance of air-to-air missile. The fuzzy logic controller is able to perform effectively even in situations where the information about the plant is ina...Effective guidance is one of the most important tasks to the performance of air-to-air missile. The fuzzy logic controller is able to perform effectively even in situations where the information about the plant is inaccurate and the operating conditions are uncertain. Based on the proportional navigation, the fuzzy logic and the genetic algorithm are combined to develop an evolutionary fuzzy navigation law with self-adapt region for the air-to-air missile guidance. The line of sight (LOS) rate and the closing speed between the missile and the target are inputs of the fuzzy controller. The output of the fuzzy controller is the commanded acceleration. Then a nonlinear function based on the conventional fuzzy logic control is imported to change the region. This nonlinear function can be changed with the input variables. So the dynamic change of the fuzzy variable region is achieved. The guidance law is optimized by the genetic algorithm. Simulation results of air-to-air missile attack using MATLAB show that the method needs less acceleration and shorter flying time, and its realization is simple.[KH*3/4D]展开更多
Traditional optimal scheduling methods are limited to accurate physical models and parameter settings, which aredifficult to adapt to the uncertainty of source and load, and there are problems such as the inability to...Traditional optimal scheduling methods are limited to accurate physical models and parameter settings, which aredifficult to adapt to the uncertainty of source and load, and there are problems such as the inability to make dynamicdecisions continuously. This paper proposed a dynamic economic scheduling method for distribution networksbased on deep reinforcement learning. Firstly, the economic scheduling model of the new energy distributionnetwork is established considering the action characteristics of micro-gas turbines, and the dynamic schedulingmodel based on deep reinforcement learning is constructed for the new energy distribution network system with ahigh proportion of new energy, and the Markov decision process of the model is defined. Secondly, Second, for thechanging characteristics of source-load uncertainty, agents are trained interactively with the distributed networkin a data-driven manner. Then, through the proximal policy optimization algorithm, agents adaptively learn thescheduling strategy and realize the dynamic scheduling decision of the new energy distribution network system.Finally, the feasibility and superiority of the proposed method are verified by an improved IEEE 33-node simulationsystem.展开更多
In many real-world applications of evolutionary algorithms,the fitness of an individual requires a quantitative measure.This paper proposes a self-adaptive linear evolutionary algorithm （ALEA） in which we introduce ...In many real-world applications of evolutionary algorithms,the fitness of an individual requires a quantitative measure.This paper proposes a self-adaptive linear evolutionary algorithm （ALEA） in which we introduce a novel strategy for evaluating individual＇s relative strengths and weaknesses.Based on this strategy,searching space of constrained optimization problems with high dimensions for design variables is compressed into two-dimensional performance space in which it is possible to quickly identify ＇good＇ individuals of the performance for a multiobjective optimization application,regardless of original space complexity.This is considered as our main contribution.In addition,the proposed new evolutionary algorithm combines two basic operators with modification in reproduction phase,namely,crossover and mutation.Simulation results over a comprehensive set of benchmark functions show that the proposed strategy is feasible and effective,and provides good performance in terms of uniformity and diversity of solutions.展开更多
Amid the growing interest in triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)as novel energy-harvesting devices,several studies have focused on direct current(DC)TENGs to generate a stable DC output for operating electronic device...Amid the growing interest in triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)as novel energy-harvesting devices,several studies have focused on direct current(DC)TENGs to generate a stable DC output for operating electronic devices.However,owing to the working mechanisms of conventional DC TENGs,generating a stable DC output from reciprocating motion remains a challenge.Accordingly,we propose a bidirectional rotating DC TENG(BiR-TENG),which can generate DC outputs,regardless of the direction of rotation,from reciprocating motions.The distinct design of the BiR-TENG enables the mechanical rectification of the alternating current output into a rotational-direction-dependent DC output.Furthermore,it allows the conversion of the rotational-direction-dependent DC output into a unidirectional DC output by adapting the configurations depending on the rotational direction.Owing to these tailored design strategies and subsequent optimizations,the BiR-TENG could generate an effective unidirectional DC output.Applications of the BiR-TENG for the reciprocating motions of swinging doors and waves were demonstrated by harnessing this output.This study demonstrates the potential of the BiR-TENG design strategy as an effective and versatile solution for energy harvesting from reciprocating motions,highlighting the suitability of DC outputs as an energy source for electronic devices.展开更多
The irregular defects and residual tumor tissue after surgery are challenges for effective breast cancer treatment.Herein,a smart hydrogel with self-adaptable size and dual responsive cargos release was fabricated to ...The irregular defects and residual tumor tissue after surgery are challenges for effective breast cancer treatment.Herein,a smart hydrogel with self-adaptable size and dual responsive cargos release was fabricated to treat breast cancer via accurate tumor elimination,on-demand adipose tissue regeneration and effective infection inhibition.The hydrogel consisted of thiol groups ended polyethylene glycol(SH-PEG-SH)and doxorubicin encapsulated mesoporous silica nanocarriers(DOX@MSNs)double crosslinked hyaluronic acid(HA)after loading of antibacterial peptides(AP)and adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs).A pH-cleavable unsaturated amide bond was pre-introduced between MSNs and HA frame to perform the tumor-specific acidic environment dependent DOX@MSNs release,meanwhile an esterase degradable glyceryl dimethacrylate cap was grafted on MSNs,which contributed to the selective chemotherapy in tumor cells with over-expressed esterase.The bond cleavage between MSNs and HA would also cause the swelling of the hydrogel,which not only provide sufficient space for the growth of ADSCs,but allows the hydrogel to fully fill the irregular defects generated by surgery and residual tumor atrophy,resulting in the on-demand regeneration of adipose tissue.Moreover,the sustained release of AP could be simultaneously triggered along with the size change of hydrogel,which further avoided bacterial infection to promote tissue regeneration.展开更多
Attribute reduction is an important process in rough set theory.Finding minimum attribute reduction has been proven to help the user-oriented make better knowledge discovery in some cases.In this paper,an efficient mi...Attribute reduction is an important process in rough set theory.Finding minimum attribute reduction has been proven to help the user-oriented make better knowledge discovery in some cases.In this paper,an efficient minimum attribute reduction algorithm is proposed based on the multilevel evolutionary tree with self-adaptive subpopulations.A model of multilevel evolutionary tree with self-adaptive subpopulations is constructed,and interacting attribute sets are better decomposed into subsets by the self-adaptive mechanism of elitist populations.Moreover it can self-adapt the subpopulation sizes according to the historical performance record so that interacting attribute decision variables are captured into the same grouped subpopulation,which will be extended to better performance in both quality of solution and competitive computation complexity for minimum attribute reduction.The conducted experiments show the proposed algorithm is better on both efficiency and accuracy of minimum attribute reduction than some representative algorithms.Finally the proposed algorithm is applied to magnetic resonance image(MRI)segmentation,and its stronger applicability is further demonstrated by the effective and robust segmentation results.展开更多
Global warming and energy crisis are two major challenges in the new-century.Wearable materials that enable all-seasonal self-adapting thermal comfort without additional energy-input attract significant attention as a...Global warming and energy crisis are two major challenges in the new-century.Wearable materials that enable all-seasonal self-adapting thermal comfort without additional energy-input attract significant attention as a solution to the increasing severity of extreme climate-change.Inspired by autologous temperature-regulation and multidimensional-sensing origins of nature-skin composed of nature collagen fibers,this study engineered a nanoscale wearable natural fibers-derived thermochromic material(TMEH-skin)for robust all-season self-adapting thermal management by tactically integrating traditional immersion and spraying methods with layer-by-layer stacking-strategy.Because of the on-demand multi-functional layer-structure design,TMEH-skin achieves spontaneous~38.16%visible lightmodulation and~95.1%infrared-emission,demonstrating outstanding double-self-switching thermal management origins by simple color-changing without additional energy-input.Moreover,TMEH-skin has gratifying tensile strength of 13.18 MPa,water vapor permeability,electrical-conductivity,and hydrophobicity,further broadening the application potential and scenarios as wearable materials.In applications for military-missions or reconnaissance behind enemy-lines,TMEH-skin robustly integrates the multi-functionalities of wearing-comfort,physiological signal-response capability for accurate transmission of Morse-code,and thermal management performances under special circumstances,indicating its tremendous potential for smart military-applications.Simulation results show that TMEH-skin has prominent energy-saving efficiency in cities with different climate zones.This study provides a new reference to the booming innovation of natural-derived wearable materials for all-seasonal self-adapting thermal management.展开更多
The livestock farming is an important pillar of the rural economy in China.To explore the impact of government technical subsidies and pollution penalties on the digital and intelligent transformation of livestock ent...The livestock farming is an important pillar of the rural economy in China.To explore the impact of government technical subsidies and pollution penalties on the digital and intelligent transformation of livestock enterprises,an evolutionary game theoretical model between the government and livestock enterprises is constructed.The interaction mechanism of the game between the government and breeding enterprises is explored,and simulation is conducted.The research results show that the combined strategy of pollution penalties and technical subsidies is the optimal strategy for the government;the system is jointly driven by government subsidies,technical costs of transformation input,public willingness,and enterprise willingness.展开更多
The intrinsic volume changes(about 300%)of Si anode during the lithiation/delithiation leads to the serious degradation of battery performance despite of theoretical capacity of 3579 mAh g^(-1) of Si.Herein,a three-di...The intrinsic volume changes(about 300%)of Si anode during the lithiation/delithiation leads to the serious degradation of battery performance despite of theoretical capacity of 3579 mAh g^(-1) of Si.Herein,a three-dimensional(3D)conductive polymer binder with adjustable crosslinking density has been designed by employing citric acid(CA)as a crosslinker between the carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)and the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)poly-(styrene-4-sulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)to stabilize Si anode.By adjusting the crosslinking density,the binder can achieve a balance between rigidity and flexibility to adapt the volume expansion upon lithiation and reversible volume recovery after delithiation of Si.Therefore,Si/CMC-CA-PEDOT:PSS(Si/CCP)electrode demonstrates an excellent performance with high capacities of 2792.3 mAh g^(-1) at 0.5 A g^(-1) and a high area capacity above 2.6 mAh cm^(-2) under Si loading of 1.38 mg cm^(-2).The full cell Si/CCP paired with Li(Ni_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1))O_(2) cathode discharges a capacity of 199.0 mAh g^(-1) with 84.3%ICE at 0.1 C and the capacity retention of 95.6%after 100 cycles.This work validates the effectiveness of 3D polymer binder and provides new insights to boost the performance of Si anode.展开更多
As a key component of the plant antioxidant enzymatic system,superoxide dismutase(SOD)can efficiently protect cells from oxidative stress and maintain redox homeostasis.Currently,there are few studies related to SOD g...As a key component of the plant antioxidant enzymatic system,superoxide dismutase(SOD)can efficiently protect cells from oxidative stress and maintain redox homeostasis.Currently,there are few studies related to SOD genes in various taxa of algae,and the specific functions and evolutionary patterns of these family members remain unclear.In this study,comprehensively evolutionary analysis of SOD gene family in the bladed Bangiales was carried out.A total of 9,10,and 12 SOD genes were identified from three species of Pophyra umbilicalis,Pyropia haitanensis,and Pyropia yezoensis,respectively.Based on phylogenetic analysis,SOD gene members within the same subfamily exhibited similar motif patterns as well as conserved domains,which could be attribute to Cu/Zn-SOD and Fe/Mn-SOD.The promoter regions of SOD genes were rich in hormone-responsive,stress-responsive,and growth cis-acting elements,with variations and similarities observed among different species of other red algae and subfamilies.According to subcellular location prediction,it is suggested that Cu/Zn-SOD was predominantly located in chloroplasts,while Fe/Mn-SOD was primarily located in mitochondria.Also,the two subfamilies differed significantly in the two-/three-dimensional protein structures.In terms of gene evolution,the strongest collinearity relationship was shown between Pyropia haitanensis and Pyropia yezoensis,with all the 1꞉1 orthologous gene pair being subjected to a purifying selection(Ka/Ks<1,Ka:non-synonymy rate;Ks:synonymy rate).Moreover,12 SOD genes underwent positive selection during the evolutionary process.Furthermore,gene expression analysis based on transcriptomic data from Pyropia haitanensis showed that the expression patterns of SOD genes varied under different stress conditions.Together,this study revealed the evolutionary pattern of SOD genes in three bladed Bangiales species,which will lay the foundation for subsequent studies on the function of SOD genes.展开更多
How ecological and evolutionary factors affect small mammal diversity in arid regions remains largely unknown.Here,we combined the largest phylogeny and occurrence dataset of Gerbillinae desert rodents to explore the ...How ecological and evolutionary factors affect small mammal diversity in arid regions remains largely unknown.Here,we combined the largest phylogeny and occurrence dataset of Gerbillinae desert rodents to explore the underlying factors shaping present-day distribution patterns.In particular,we analyzed the relative contributions of ecological and evolutionary factors on their species diversity using a variety of models.Additionally,we inferred the ancestral range and possible dispersal scenarios and estimated the diversification rate of Gerbillinae.We found that Gerbillinae likely originated in the Horn of Africa in the Middle Miocene and then dispersed and diversified across arid regions in northern and southern Africa and western and central Asia,forming their current distribution pattern.Multiple ecological and evolutionary factors jointly determine the spatial pattern of Gerbillinae diversity,but evolutionary factors(evolutionary time and speciation rate)and habitat filtering were the most important in explaining the spatial variation in species richness.Our study enhances the understanding of the diversity patterns of small mammals in arid regions and highlights the importance of including evolutionary factors when interpreting the mechanisms underlying large-scale species diversity patterns.展开更多
Typical p-n junctions have emerged as a promising strategy for contending with charge carrier recombination in solar conversion.However,the photo-corrosion and unsuitable energy band positions still hinder their pract...Typical p-n junctions have emerged as a promising strategy for contending with charge carrier recombination in solar conversion.However,the photo-corrosion and unsuitable energy band positions still hinder their practical application for hydrogen production from water in photoelectrochemical systems.Here,an in-situ photo-oxidation method is proposed for achieving self-adapting activation of BiVO_(4)-based photoanodes with surface-encapsulated CuGaS_(2)particles by the ZnO layer.The self-adapting activation demotes the energy band positions of CuGaS_(2),establishing an S-scheme structure with BiVO_(4),resulting in an efficient p-n junction photoanode.The optimal sample exhibits enhanced photocurrent and an onset potential cathodically shifted by~300 mV compared with BiVO_(4),which is attributed to significantly enhanced charge transport and transfer efficiencies.As expected,it attains the highest photocurrent value of 5.87 mA·cm^(-2),aided by a hole scavenger at 1.23 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode,which significantly surpasses that of BiVO_(4)(4.32 mA·cm^(-2)).展开更多
In recent years,the development of new types of nuclear reactors,such as transportable,marine,and space reactors,has presented new challenges for the optimization of reactor radiation-shielding design.Shielding struct...In recent years,the development of new types of nuclear reactors,such as transportable,marine,and space reactors,has presented new challenges for the optimization of reactor radiation-shielding design.Shielding structures typically need to be lightweight,miniaturized,and radiation-protected,which is a multi-parameter and multi-objective optimization problem.The conventional multi-objective(two or three objectives)optimization method for radiation-shielding design exhibits limitations for a number of optimization objectives and variable parameters,as well as a deficiency in achieving a global optimal solution,thereby failing to meet the requirements of shielding optimization for newly developed reactors.In this study,genetic and artificial bee-colony algorithms are combined with a reference-point-selection strategy and applied to the many-objective(having four or more objectives)optimal design of reactor radiation shielding.To validate the reliability of the methods,an optimization simulation is conducted on three-dimensional shielding structures and another complicated shielding-optimization problem.The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms outperform conventional shielding-design methods in terms of optimization performance,and they exhibit their reliability in practical engineering problems.The many-objective optimization algorithms developed in this study are proven to efficiently and consistently search for Pareto-front shielding schemes.Therefore,the algorithms proposed in this study offer novel insights into improving the shielding-design performance and shielding quality of new reactor types.展开更多
The yellow boxfish(Ostracion cubicus)exhibits a combination of derived morphological traits specialized for coral reef environments and ancestral characteristics,including a fused dermal plate.Contradictory evolutiona...The yellow boxfish(Ostracion cubicus)exhibits a combination of derived morphological traits specialized for coral reef environments and ancestral characteristics,including a fused dermal plate.Contradictory evolutionary evidence hinders true classification of O.cubicus.To clarify its evolutionary position within Tetraodontiformes,a chromosome-level genome assembly was generated,representing the most contiguous and complete genome to date for this lineage.Notably,O.cubicus possessed the largest genome within the order Tetraodontiformes,primarily due to extensive transposable element expansion.Phylogenetic analysis based on 19 whole genomes and 131 mitochondrial genomes resolved Tetraodontiformes into three major sister groups(Ostraciidae-Molidae,Tetraodontidae,and Balistidae-Monacanthidae).Comparative genomic evidence indicated that O.cubicus diverged early from the common ancestor of modern Tetraodontiformes and retained the highest number of HOX genes among surveyed taxa.Although overall genomic architecture was largely conserved,certain genetic and environmental changes may have contributed to its phenotypic adaptations,including climate cooling during the Miocene-Pliocene Transition,recent DNA and long interspersed nuclear element(LINE)transposon bursts,lineage-specific chromosomal rearrangements,and gene family expansion.Many positively selected genes and rapidly evolving genes were associated with skeletal development,including bmp7,egf7,and bmpr2.Transcriptomic comparisons between carapace and tail skin revealed various candidate genes and pathways related to carapace formation,such as postn,scpp1,and components of the TGF-βsignaling pathway.A derived amino acid substitution in eda,coupled with protein structural modeling,suggested potential molecular convergence in dermal plate formation among teleosts.These findings provide novel insights into the genomic and developmental basis of carapace evolution and coral reef-adaptation in O.cubicus,offering a strong case for evolutionary balance between genomic conservation with regulatory innovation to achieve coral reef specialization.展开更多
Multi-firmware comparison techniques can improve efficiency when auditing firmwares in bulk.How-ever,the problem of matching functions between multiple firmwares has not been studied before.This paper proposes a multi...Multi-firmware comparison techniques can improve efficiency when auditing firmwares in bulk.How-ever,the problem of matching functions between multiple firmwares has not been studied before.This paper proposes a multi-firmware comparison method based on evolutionary algorithms and trusted base points.We first model the multi-firmware comparison as a multi-sequence matching problem.Then,we propose an adaptation function and a population generation method based on trusted base points.Finally,we apply an evolutionary algorithm to find the optimal result.At the same time,we design the similarity of matching results as an evaluation metric to measure the effect of multi-firmware comparison.The experiments show that the proposed method outperforms Bindiff and the string-based method.Precisely,the similarity between the matching results of the proposed method and Bindiff matching results is 61%,and the similarity between the matching results of the proposed method and the string-based method is 62.8%.By sampling and manual verification,the accuracy of the matching results of the proposed method can be about 66.4%.展开更多
In this paper,a robust and consistent COVID-19 emergency decision-making approach is proposed based on q-rung linear diophantine fuzzy set(q-RLDFS),differential evolutionary(DE)optimization principles,and evidential r...In this paper,a robust and consistent COVID-19 emergency decision-making approach is proposed based on q-rung linear diophantine fuzzy set(q-RLDFS),differential evolutionary(DE)optimization principles,and evidential reasoning(ER)methodology.The proposed approach uses q-RLDFS in order to represent the evaluating values of the alternatives corresponding to the attributes.DE optimization is used to obtain the optimal weights of the attributes,and ER methodology is used to compute the aggregated q-rung linear diophantine fuzzy values(q-RLDFVs)of each alternative.Then the score values of alternatives are computed based on the aggregated q-RLDFVs.An alternative with the maximum score value is selected as a better one.The applicability of the proposed approach has been illustrated in COVID-19 emergency decision-making system and sustainable energy planning management.Moreover,we have validated the proposed approach with a numerical example.Finally,a comparative study is provided with the existing models,where the proposed approach is found to be robust to perform better and consistent in uncertain environments.展开更多
基金supported by the Aviation Science Funds of China(2010ZC13012)the Fund of Jiangsu Innovation Program for Graduate Education (CXLX11 0203)
文摘There are many population-based stochastic search algorithms for solving optimization problems. However, the universality and robustness of these algorithms are still unsatisfactory. This paper proposes an enhanced self-adaptiveevolutionary algorithm （ESEA） to overcome the demerits above. In the ESEA, four evolutionary operators are designed to enhance the evolutionary structure. Besides, the ESEA employs four effective search strategies under the framework of the self-adaptive learning. Four groups of the experiments are done to find out the most suitable parameter values for the ESEA. In order to verify the performance of the proposed algorithm, 26 state-of-the-art test functions are solved by the ESEA and its competitors. The experimental results demonstrate that the universality and robustness of the ESEA out-perform its competitors.
基金the financial support from the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB0470303)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFB4600101)+5 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52175201)the Research Program of Science and Technology Department of Gansu Province (24JRRA059, 24JRRA044, and 24YFFA014)the Science Fund of Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing at Yantai (AMGM2024F12)the Major Program (ZYFZFX-2) of the Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, CASthe Special Research Assistant Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe Oasis Scholar of Shihezi University
文摘Octopuses,due to their flexible arms,marvelous adaptability,and powerful suckers,are able to effortlessly grasp and disengage various objects in the marine surrounding without causing devastation.However,manipulating delicate objects such as soft and fragile foods underwater require gentle contact and stable adhesion,which poses a serious challenge to now available soft grippers.Inspired by the sucker infundibulum structure and flexible tentacles of octopus,herein we developed a hydraulically actuated hydrogel soft gripper with adaptive maneuverability by coupling multiple hydrogen bond-mediated supramolecular hydrogels and vat polymerization three-dimensional printing,in which hydrogel bionic sucker is composed of a tunable curvature membrane,a negative pressure cavity,and a pneumatic chamber.The design of the sucker structure with the alterable curvature membrane is conducive to realize the reliable and gentle switchable adhesion of the hydrogel soft gripper.As a proof-of-concept,the adaptive hydrogel soft gripper is capable of implement diversified underwater tasks,including gingerly grasping fragile foods like egg yolks and tofu,as well as underwater robots and vehicles that station-keeping and crawling based on switchable adhesion.This study therefore provides a transformative strategy for the design of novel soft grippers that will render promising utilities for underwater exploration soft robotics.
文摘Effective guidance is one of the most important tasks to the performance of air-to-air missile. The fuzzy logic controller is able to perform effectively even in situations where the information about the plant is inaccurate and the operating conditions are uncertain. Based on the proportional navigation, the fuzzy logic and the genetic algorithm are combined to develop an evolutionary fuzzy navigation law with self-adapt region for the air-to-air missile guidance. The line of sight (LOS) rate and the closing speed between the missile and the target are inputs of the fuzzy controller. The output of the fuzzy controller is the commanded acceleration. Then a nonlinear function based on the conventional fuzzy logic control is imported to change the region. This nonlinear function can be changed with the input variables. So the dynamic change of the fuzzy variable region is achieved. The guidance law is optimized by the genetic algorithm. Simulation results of air-to-air missile attack using MATLAB show that the method needs less acceleration and shorter flying time, and its realization is simple.[KH*3/4D]
基金the State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Supply Co.,Ltd.(Research on Scheduling Decision Technology Based on Interactive Reinforcement Learning for Adapting High Proportion of New Energy,No.2023YF-49).
文摘Traditional optimal scheduling methods are limited to accurate physical models and parameter settings, which aredifficult to adapt to the uncertainty of source and load, and there are problems such as the inability to make dynamicdecisions continuously. This paper proposed a dynamic economic scheduling method for distribution networksbased on deep reinforcement learning. Firstly, the economic scheduling model of the new energy distributionnetwork is established considering the action characteristics of micro-gas turbines, and the dynamic schedulingmodel based on deep reinforcement learning is constructed for the new energy distribution network system with ahigh proportion of new energy, and the Markov decision process of the model is defined. Secondly, Second, for thechanging characteristics of source-load uncertainty, agents are trained interactively with the distributed networkin a data-driven manner. Then, through the proximal policy optimization algorithm, agents adaptively learn thescheduling strategy and realize the dynamic scheduling decision of the new energy distribution network system.Finally, the feasibility and superiority of the proposed method are verified by an improved IEEE 33-node simulationsystem.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60803049,60472060)
文摘In many real-world applications of evolutionary algorithms,the fitness of an individual requires a quantitative measure.This paper proposes a self-adaptive linear evolutionary algorithm （ALEA） in which we introduce a novel strategy for evaluating individual＇s relative strengths and weaknesses.Based on this strategy,searching space of constrained optimization problems with high dimensions for design variables is compressed into two-dimensional performance space in which it is possible to quickly identify ＇good＇ individuals of the performance for a multiobjective optimization application,regardless of original space complexity.This is considered as our main contribution.In addition,the proposed new evolutionary algorithm combines two basic operators with modification in reproduction phase,namely,crossover and mutation.Simulation results over a comprehensive set of benchmark functions show that the proposed strategy is feasible and effective,and provides good performance in terms of uniformity and diversity of solutions.
基金This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(No.2022R1C1C1008831).This work was also supported by the Human Resources Development of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP)grant funded by the Ministry of Trade,Industry and Energy of Korea(No.RS-2023-00244330).S J P was supported by Basic Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(No.2018R1A6A1A03025526).
文摘Amid the growing interest in triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)as novel energy-harvesting devices,several studies have focused on direct current(DC)TENGs to generate a stable DC output for operating electronic devices.However,owing to the working mechanisms of conventional DC TENGs,generating a stable DC output from reciprocating motion remains a challenge.Accordingly,we propose a bidirectional rotating DC TENG(BiR-TENG),which can generate DC outputs,regardless of the direction of rotation,from reciprocating motions.The distinct design of the BiR-TENG enables the mechanical rectification of the alternating current output into a rotational-direction-dependent DC output.Furthermore,it allows the conversion of the rotational-direction-dependent DC output into a unidirectional DC output by adapting the configurations depending on the rotational direction.Owing to these tailored design strategies and subsequent optimizations,the BiR-TENG could generate an effective unidirectional DC output.Applications of the BiR-TENG for the reciprocating motions of swinging doors and waves were demonstrated by harnessing this output.This study demonstrates the potential of the BiR-TENG design strategy as an effective and versatile solution for energy harvesting from reciprocating motions,highlighting the suitability of DC outputs as an energy source for electronic devices.
基金the National High Level Talents Special Support Plan(X.C.)the“Young Talent Support Plan”of Xi'an Jiaotong University(X.C.)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(No.2022JZ-48 to X.C.)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82272141 to X.C.)the Shaanxi Provincial Key Research and Development Plan Project(No.2023-JC-QN-0260 to X.Q.).
文摘The irregular defects and residual tumor tissue after surgery are challenges for effective breast cancer treatment.Herein,a smart hydrogel with self-adaptable size and dual responsive cargos release was fabricated to treat breast cancer via accurate tumor elimination,on-demand adipose tissue regeneration and effective infection inhibition.The hydrogel consisted of thiol groups ended polyethylene glycol(SH-PEG-SH)and doxorubicin encapsulated mesoporous silica nanocarriers(DOX@MSNs)double crosslinked hyaluronic acid(HA)after loading of antibacterial peptides(AP)and adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs).A pH-cleavable unsaturated amide bond was pre-introduced between MSNs and HA frame to perform the tumor-specific acidic environment dependent DOX@MSNs release,meanwhile an esterase degradable glyceryl dimethacrylate cap was grafted on MSNs,which contributed to the selective chemotherapy in tumor cells with over-expressed esterase.The bond cleavage between MSNs and HA would also cause the swelling of the hydrogel,which not only provide sufficient space for the growth of ADSCs,but allows the hydrogel to fully fill the irregular defects generated by surgery and residual tumor atrophy,resulting in the on-demand regeneration of adipose tissue.Moreover,the sustained release of AP could be simultaneously triggered along with the size change of hydrogel,which further avoided bacterial infection to promote tissue regeneration.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61139002,61171132)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Education Department(12KJB520013)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Funding of Jiangsu Innovation Program for Graduate Education(CXZZ110219)the Open Project Program of State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology in Nanjing University(KFKT2012B28)
文摘Attribute reduction is an important process in rough set theory.Finding minimum attribute reduction has been proven to help the user-oriented make better knowledge discovery in some cases.In this paper,an efficient minimum attribute reduction algorithm is proposed based on the multilevel evolutionary tree with self-adaptive subpopulations.A model of multilevel evolutionary tree with self-adaptive subpopulations is constructed,and interacting attribute sets are better decomposed into subsets by the self-adaptive mechanism of elitist populations.Moreover it can self-adapt the subpopulation sizes according to the historical performance record so that interacting attribute decision variables are captured into the same grouped subpopulation,which will be extended to better performance in both quality of solution and competitive computation complexity for minimum attribute reduction.The conducted experiments show the proposed algorithm is better on both efficiency and accuracy of minimum attribute reduction than some representative algorithms.Finally the proposed algorithm is applied to magnetic resonance image(MRI)segmentation,and its stronger applicability is further demonstrated by the effective and robust segmentation results.
基金the Institute of Biomass&Functional Materials of Shaanxi University of Science and Technology for funding this research workfinancially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(2207081675,22278257,22308209)+1 种基金the Key R&D Program of Shaanxi Province(2024SF-YBXM-586)the Project of Innovation Capability Support Program in Shaanxi Province(2024ZC-KJXX-005)。
文摘Global warming and energy crisis are two major challenges in the new-century.Wearable materials that enable all-seasonal self-adapting thermal comfort without additional energy-input attract significant attention as a solution to the increasing severity of extreme climate-change.Inspired by autologous temperature-regulation and multidimensional-sensing origins of nature-skin composed of nature collagen fibers,this study engineered a nanoscale wearable natural fibers-derived thermochromic material(TMEH-skin)for robust all-season self-adapting thermal management by tactically integrating traditional immersion and spraying methods with layer-by-layer stacking-strategy.Because of the on-demand multi-functional layer-structure design,TMEH-skin achieves spontaneous~38.16%visible lightmodulation and~95.1%infrared-emission,demonstrating outstanding double-self-switching thermal management origins by simple color-changing without additional energy-input.Moreover,TMEH-skin has gratifying tensile strength of 13.18 MPa,water vapor permeability,electrical-conductivity,and hydrophobicity,further broadening the application potential and scenarios as wearable materials.In applications for military-missions or reconnaissance behind enemy-lines,TMEH-skin robustly integrates the multi-functionalities of wearing-comfort,physiological signal-response capability for accurate transmission of Morse-code,and thermal management performances under special circumstances,indicating its tremendous potential for smart military-applications.Simulation results show that TMEH-skin has prominent energy-saving efficiency in cities with different climate zones.This study provides a new reference to the booming innovation of natural-derived wearable materials for all-seasonal self-adapting thermal management.
文摘The livestock farming is an important pillar of the rural economy in China.To explore the impact of government technical subsidies and pollution penalties on the digital and intelligent transformation of livestock enterprises,an evolutionary game theoretical model between the government and livestock enterprises is constructed.The interaction mechanism of the game between the government and breeding enterprises is explored,and simulation is conducted.The research results show that the combined strategy of pollution penalties and technical subsidies is the optimal strategy for the government;the system is jointly driven by government subsidies,technical costs of transformation input,public willingness,and enterprise willingness.
基金Financial support by the NSFC no. 52371224, 51972156, and 51872131
文摘The intrinsic volume changes(about 300%)of Si anode during the lithiation/delithiation leads to the serious degradation of battery performance despite of theoretical capacity of 3579 mAh g^(-1) of Si.Herein,a three-dimensional(3D)conductive polymer binder with adjustable crosslinking density has been designed by employing citric acid(CA)as a crosslinker between the carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)and the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)poly-(styrene-4-sulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)to stabilize Si anode.By adjusting the crosslinking density,the binder can achieve a balance between rigidity and flexibility to adapt the volume expansion upon lithiation and reversible volume recovery after delithiation of Si.Therefore,Si/CMC-CA-PEDOT:PSS(Si/CCP)electrode demonstrates an excellent performance with high capacities of 2792.3 mAh g^(-1) at 0.5 A g^(-1) and a high area capacity above 2.6 mAh cm^(-2) under Si loading of 1.38 mg cm^(-2).The full cell Si/CCP paired with Li(Ni_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1))O_(2) cathode discharges a capacity of 199.0 mAh g^(-1) with 84.3%ICE at 0.1 C and the capacity retention of 95.6%after 100 cycles.This work validates the effectiveness of 3D polymer binder and provides new insights to boost the performance of Si anode.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023 YFD 2400102)the Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation,Beibu Gulf University(No.2024 KA 04)。
文摘As a key component of the plant antioxidant enzymatic system,superoxide dismutase(SOD)can efficiently protect cells from oxidative stress and maintain redox homeostasis.Currently,there are few studies related to SOD genes in various taxa of algae,and the specific functions and evolutionary patterns of these family members remain unclear.In this study,comprehensively evolutionary analysis of SOD gene family in the bladed Bangiales was carried out.A total of 9,10,and 12 SOD genes were identified from three species of Pophyra umbilicalis,Pyropia haitanensis,and Pyropia yezoensis,respectively.Based on phylogenetic analysis,SOD gene members within the same subfamily exhibited similar motif patterns as well as conserved domains,which could be attribute to Cu/Zn-SOD and Fe/Mn-SOD.The promoter regions of SOD genes were rich in hormone-responsive,stress-responsive,and growth cis-acting elements,with variations and similarities observed among different species of other red algae and subfamilies.According to subcellular location prediction,it is suggested that Cu/Zn-SOD was predominantly located in chloroplasts,while Fe/Mn-SOD was primarily located in mitochondria.Also,the two subfamilies differed significantly in the two-/three-dimensional protein structures.In terms of gene evolution,the strongest collinearity relationship was shown between Pyropia haitanensis and Pyropia yezoensis,with all the 1꞉1 orthologous gene pair being subjected to a purifying selection(Ka/Ks<1,Ka:non-synonymy rate;Ks:synonymy rate).Moreover,12 SOD genes underwent positive selection during the evolutionary process.Furthermore,gene expression analysis based on transcriptomic data from Pyropia haitanensis showed that the expression patterns of SOD genes varied under different stress conditions.Together,this study revealed the evolutionary pattern of SOD genes in three bladed Bangiales species,which will lay the foundation for subsequent studies on the function of SOD genes.
基金supported by grants from the Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition Program(Grant No.2022xjkk0205 to Lin Xia,No.2021xjkk0604 to Jilong Cheng)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32170416 to Qisen Yang,31900325 to Jilong Cheng)+1 种基金the Joint Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2003203 to Lin Xia)the Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Y229YX5105 to Qisen Yang).
文摘How ecological and evolutionary factors affect small mammal diversity in arid regions remains largely unknown.Here,we combined the largest phylogeny and occurrence dataset of Gerbillinae desert rodents to explore the underlying factors shaping present-day distribution patterns.In particular,we analyzed the relative contributions of ecological and evolutionary factors on their species diversity using a variety of models.Additionally,we inferred the ancestral range and possible dispersal scenarios and estimated the diversification rate of Gerbillinae.We found that Gerbillinae likely originated in the Horn of Africa in the Middle Miocene and then dispersed and diversified across arid regions in northern and southern Africa and western and central Asia,forming their current distribution pattern.Multiple ecological and evolutionary factors jointly determine the spatial pattern of Gerbillinae diversity,but evolutionary factors(evolutionary time and speciation rate)and habitat filtering were the most important in explaining the spatial variation in species richness.Our study enhances the understanding of the diversity patterns of small mammals in arid regions and highlights the importance of including evolutionary factors when interpreting the mechanisms underlying large-scale species diversity patterns.
基金supported by the open fund from Key Lab of Eco-restoration of Regional Contaminated Environment(Shenyang University),Ministry of Education(No.KF-22-08)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22003074 and 42177406)+1 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS,Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2023A1515011410)S.Liu gratefully acknowledges the financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52302223).
文摘Typical p-n junctions have emerged as a promising strategy for contending with charge carrier recombination in solar conversion.However,the photo-corrosion and unsuitable energy band positions still hinder their practical application for hydrogen production from water in photoelectrochemical systems.Here,an in-situ photo-oxidation method is proposed for achieving self-adapting activation of BiVO_(4)-based photoanodes with surface-encapsulated CuGaS_(2)particles by the ZnO layer.The self-adapting activation demotes the energy band positions of CuGaS_(2),establishing an S-scheme structure with BiVO_(4),resulting in an efficient p-n junction photoanode.The optimal sample exhibits enhanced photocurrent and an onset potential cathodically shifted by~300 mV compared with BiVO_(4),which is attributed to significantly enhanced charge transport and transfer efficiencies.As expected,it attains the highest photocurrent value of 5.87 mA·cm^(-2),aided by a hole scavenger at 1.23 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode,which significantly surpasses that of BiVO_(4)(4.32 mA·cm^(-2)).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12475174 and 12175101)Yue Lu Shan Center Industrial Innovation(No.2024YCII0108)。
文摘In recent years,the development of new types of nuclear reactors,such as transportable,marine,and space reactors,has presented new challenges for the optimization of reactor radiation-shielding design.Shielding structures typically need to be lightweight,miniaturized,and radiation-protected,which is a multi-parameter and multi-objective optimization problem.The conventional multi-objective(two or three objectives)optimization method for radiation-shielding design exhibits limitations for a number of optimization objectives and variable parameters,as well as a deficiency in achieving a global optimal solution,thereby failing to meet the requirements of shielding optimization for newly developed reactors.In this study,genetic and artificial bee-colony algorithms are combined with a reference-point-selection strategy and applied to the many-objective(having four or more objectives)optimal design of reactor radiation shielding.To validate the reliability of the methods,an optimization simulation is conducted on three-dimensional shielding structures and another complicated shielding-optimization problem.The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms outperform conventional shielding-design methods in terms of optimization performance,and they exhibit their reliability in practical engineering problems.The many-objective optimization algorithms developed in this study are proven to efficiently and consistently search for Pareto-front shielding schemes.Therefore,the algorithms proposed in this study offer novel insights into improving the shielding-design performance and shielding quality of new reactor types.
基金supported by the Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(2020A1515110882)National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(32225049)。
文摘The yellow boxfish(Ostracion cubicus)exhibits a combination of derived morphological traits specialized for coral reef environments and ancestral characteristics,including a fused dermal plate.Contradictory evolutionary evidence hinders true classification of O.cubicus.To clarify its evolutionary position within Tetraodontiformes,a chromosome-level genome assembly was generated,representing the most contiguous and complete genome to date for this lineage.Notably,O.cubicus possessed the largest genome within the order Tetraodontiformes,primarily due to extensive transposable element expansion.Phylogenetic analysis based on 19 whole genomes and 131 mitochondrial genomes resolved Tetraodontiformes into three major sister groups(Ostraciidae-Molidae,Tetraodontidae,and Balistidae-Monacanthidae).Comparative genomic evidence indicated that O.cubicus diverged early from the common ancestor of modern Tetraodontiformes and retained the highest number of HOX genes among surveyed taxa.Although overall genomic architecture was largely conserved,certain genetic and environmental changes may have contributed to its phenotypic adaptations,including climate cooling during the Miocene-Pliocene Transition,recent DNA and long interspersed nuclear element(LINE)transposon bursts,lineage-specific chromosomal rearrangements,and gene family expansion.Many positively selected genes and rapidly evolving genes were associated with skeletal development,including bmp7,egf7,and bmpr2.Transcriptomic comparisons between carapace and tail skin revealed various candidate genes and pathways related to carapace formation,such as postn,scpp1,and components of the TGF-βsignaling pathway.A derived amino acid substitution in eda,coupled with protein structural modeling,suggested potential molecular convergence in dermal plate formation among teleosts.These findings provide novel insights into the genomic and developmental basis of carapace evolution and coral reef-adaptation in O.cubicus,offering a strong case for evolutionary balance between genomic conservation with regulatory innovation to achieve coral reef specialization.
文摘Multi-firmware comparison techniques can improve efficiency when auditing firmwares in bulk.How-ever,the problem of matching functions between multiple firmwares has not been studied before.This paper proposes a multi-firmware comparison method based on evolutionary algorithms and trusted base points.We first model the multi-firmware comparison as a multi-sequence matching problem.Then,we propose an adaptation function and a population generation method based on trusted base points.Finally,we apply an evolutionary algorithm to find the optimal result.At the same time,we design the similarity of matching results as an evaluation metric to measure the effect of multi-firmware comparison.The experiments show that the proposed method outperforms Bindiff and the string-based method.Precisely,the similarity between the matching results of the proposed method and Bindiff matching results is 61%,and the similarity between the matching results of the proposed method and the string-based method is 62.8%.By sampling and manual verification,the accuracy of the matching results of the proposed method can be about 66.4%.
文摘In this paper,a robust and consistent COVID-19 emergency decision-making approach is proposed based on q-rung linear diophantine fuzzy set(q-RLDFS),differential evolutionary(DE)optimization principles,and evidential reasoning(ER)methodology.The proposed approach uses q-RLDFS in order to represent the evaluating values of the alternatives corresponding to the attributes.DE optimization is used to obtain the optimal weights of the attributes,and ER methodology is used to compute the aggregated q-rung linear diophantine fuzzy values(q-RLDFVs)of each alternative.Then the score values of alternatives are computed based on the aggregated q-RLDFVs.An alternative with the maximum score value is selected as a better one.The applicability of the proposed approach has been illustrated in COVID-19 emergency decision-making system and sustainable energy planning management.Moreover,we have validated the proposed approach with a numerical example.Finally,a comparative study is provided with the existing models,where the proposed approach is found to be robust to perform better and consistent in uncertain environments.
