The haemocompatibility of Ti-3Zr-2Sn-3Mo-25Nb biomedical alloy was studied after surface heparinization. A layer of sol-gel TiO2 films was applied on the alloy samples followed by active treatment in the bio-functiona...The haemocompatibility of Ti-3Zr-2Sn-3Mo-25Nb biomedical alloy was studied after surface heparinization. A layer of sol-gel TiO2 films was applied on the alloy samples followed by active treatment in the bio-functionalized solution for introducing the OH- and groups, and then the heparin was immobilized on the active TiO2 films through the electrostatic self assembly technology. It is shown that the heparinized films are mainly composed of anatase and rutile with smooth and dense surface. In vitro blood compatibility was evaluated by haemolysis test, clotting time and platelet adhesion behavior tests. The results show that the haemocompatibility of the alloy could be significantly improved by surface heparinization.展开更多
Polypropylene（PP） meltblown fibers were coated with titanium dioxide（Ti O2） nanoparticles using layer-by-layer（Lb L） deposition technique. The fibers were first modified with 3layers of poly（4-styrenesulfonic a...Polypropylene（PP） meltblown fibers were coated with titanium dioxide（Ti O2） nanoparticles using layer-by-layer（Lb L） deposition technique. The fibers were first modified with 3layers of poly（4-styrenesulfonic acid）（PSS） and poly（diallyl-dimethylammonium chloride）（PDADMAC） to improve the anchoring of the Ti O2 nanoparticle clusters. PDADMAC, which is positively charged, was then used as counter polyelectrolyte in tandem with anionic Ti O2 nanoparticles to construct Ti O2/PDADMAC bilayer in the Lb L fashion. The number of deposited Ti O2/PDADMAC layers was varied from 1 to 7 bilayer, and could be used to adjust Ti O2 loading. The Lb L technique showed higher Ti O2 loading efficiency than the impregnation approach. The modified fibers were tested for their photocatalytic activity against a model dye, Methylene Blue（MB）. Results showed that the Ti O2 modified fibers exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity efficiency similar to that of Ti O2 powder dispersed in solution. The deposition of Ti O23 bilayer on the PP substrate was sufficient to produce nanocomposite fibers that could bleach the MB solution in less than 4 hr.Ti O2-Lb L constructions also preserved Ti O2 adhesion on substrate surface after 1 cycle of photocatalytic test. Successive photocatalytic test showed decline in MB reduction rate with loss of Ti O2 particles from the substrate outer surface. However, even in the third cycle, the Ti O2 modified fibers are still moderately effective as it could remove more than 95% of MB after 8 hr of treatment.展开更多
The self-assembled formation of a one-dimensional lanthanum salicylald imine coordination polymer was proved by the X-ray diffraction analysis of new l anthanum(Ⅲ) nitrate complex containing N,N’-bis(salicylidene)-1...The self-assembled formation of a one-dimensional lanthanum salicylald imine coordination polymer was proved by the X-ray diffraction analysis of new l anthanum(Ⅲ) nitrate complex containing N,N’-bis(salicylidene)-1,5-pentanediami ne ligand(H2L) . It was obtained in situ in a one-step,metal-templated condensa tion of salicylaldehyde with 1,5-pentanediamine(cadaverine,biogenic polyamine) and characterized by microanalysis and spectroscopic(IR,ESI-MS,UV-Vis,and 1 H NMR) data. The [La(NO3) 3(μ-H2L) 2]∞ complex displayed 10-coordinate distorted bicapped dodecahedron geometry with unusual coordination pattern of undeprotonat ed salicylaldimines which acted as μ-bridging ditopic ligands using exclusivel y the oxygens as donor atoms with the nitrogen atoms not being involved in the c oordination environment.展开更多
Swarm intelligence embodied by many species such as ants and bees has inspired scholars in swarm robotic researches. This paper presents a novel autonomous self-assembly distributed swarm flying robot-DSFR, which can ...Swarm intelligence embodied by many species such as ants and bees has inspired scholars in swarm robotic researches. This paper presents a novel autonomous self-assembly distributed swarm flying robot-DSFR, which can drive on the ground, autonomously accomplish self-assembly and then fly in the air coordinately. Mechanical and electrical designs of a DSFR module, as well as the kinematics and dynamics analysis, are specifically investigated. Meanwhile, this paper brings forward a generalized adjacency matrix to describe configurations of DSFR structures. Also, the distributed flight control model is established for vertical taking-off and horizontal hovering, which can be applied to control of DSFR systems with arbitrary configurations. Finally, some experiments are carried out to testify and validate the DSFR design, the autonomous self-assembly strategy and the distributed flight control laws.展开更多
The mesoporous Ti O2 has been synthesized by evaporation induced self assembly(EISA) method. The thermogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetric(TG/DSC), X-ray diffraction(XRD), high-resolution transmission elect...The mesoporous Ti O2 has been synthesized by evaporation induced self assembly(EISA) method. The thermogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetric(TG/DSC), X-ray diffraction(XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HR-TEM) and N2 adsorption desorption and adsorption are used to study the effects of the synthesized process condition on the microstructure of the as-synthesized mesoporous Ti O2. The photocatalytic performances of as-synthesized samples are evaluated by the degradation of the formaldehyde under ultraviolet light irradiations. The results demonstrate that the as-synthesized mesoporous Ti O2 are anatase with the uniform size about 20-40 nm. The sample is prepared using cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB) as the template with average pore size distribution of 8.12 nm, specific surface area of 68.47 m2/g and pore volume of 0.213 m L/g. The samples show decomposition of formaldehyde 95.8% under ultraviolet light irradiations for 90 min. These results provide a basic experimental process for preparation mesoporous Ti O2, which will posses a broad prospect in terms of the applications in improving indoor air quality.展开更多
The self-assembly of clusters in inorganic systems is an interesting subject. The self-assembly of big molecules has been well established in biological systems. In addition, the coordination chemistry of metal-sulfur...The self-assembly of clusters in inorganic systems is an interesting subject. The self-assembly of big molecules has been well established in biological systems. In addition, the coordination chemistry of metal-sulfur-nitrogen cluster complexes has been a very active and attracting field for many years as a result of the novelty and versatility of the crystal structures and reactivities of such clusters, as well as their potential applications as the models for the active sites in non-heme proteins. At the same time, there is currently considerable interest in the formation of metal complexes with heterocyclic ligands because of the diverse characteristics of ligands and their consequential wide range of applications.展开更多
In this study, self assembly behavior was induced for γ-alumina nanoparticles by adsorption of dimethyl disulfide. Following this trend, we have developed a chemical process to obtain ＇y-alumina in the nano scale. S...In this study, self assembly behavior was induced for γ-alumina nanoparticles by adsorption of dimethyl disulfide. Following this trend, we have developed a chemical process to obtain ＇y-alumina in the nano scale. Scanning electron microscopy images of the prepared γ-alumina showed big and strong agglomeration of the nanoparticles indicating that these nanoparticles have strong surface forces. Transmission electron microscopy images confirmed that the γ-alumina nanoparticles 3-7 nm in size were converted to uniform spherical shape in the size range of 1-2 mm after shaking with dimethyl disulfide in the presence of n-hexane at room temperature. This phenomenon did not appear in the case of alumina in the micro scale. The surface properties of the prepared γ-alumina in the nano scale were characterized and compared with the γ-alumina in the micro scale by using low temperature nitrogen adsorption-desorption system, indicating that the specific surface area of the prepared γ-alumina nanoparticles is larger than that of the γ-alumina in the micro scale. Furthermore, micro- and meso-pores were observed for the if-alumina nanoparticles while only mesoporous structure was detected for the γ-alumina in the micro scale. These experimental results suggested that the self assembly behavior of the γ-alumina nanoparticles may be due to the selective adsorption ofdimethyl disulfide in the micropores of these nanoparticles to act as bridge linking the nanoparticles.展开更多
Pepsin was assembled on the surface of prepared poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET-NH3^+) substrates.The composition and structure of the pepsin/PET-NH3^+ assembling films in different condition were characterized by X-...Pepsin was assembled on the surface of prepared poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET-NH3^+) substrates.The composition and structure of the pepsin/PET-NH3^+ assembling films in different condition were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and atomic force microscopy(AFM).展开更多
It is our great pleasure to announce the awardees of 2024 Nano Research Young Innovators(NR45)in nanomaterial self-assembly.Nano Research initiated the NR45 program in 2018 to recognize outstanding young researchers u...It is our great pleasure to announce the awardees of 2024 Nano Research Young Innovators(NR45)in nanomaterial self-assembly.Nano Research initiated the NR45 program in 2018 to recognize outstanding young researchers under 45 years of age across diverse fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology.This initiative celebrates their exceptional achievements and potential to advance their respective disciplines through groundbreaking contributions.Awardees are selected via a rigorous competitive process by an award committee comprising members of the journal’s editorial board.The 2024 NR45 Awards focus on nanomaterial self-assembly,honoring 24 innovators for their transformative contributions to this dynamic field.This special issue features 12 review articles and 12 research papers from these distinguished awardees.展开更多
CONSPECTUS:Controlling self-assembled peptide nanostructures has emerged as a significant area of research,offering versatile tools for developing functional materials for various applications.This Account emphasizes ...CONSPECTUS:Controlling self-assembled peptide nanostructures has emerged as a significant area of research,offering versatile tools for developing functional materials for various applications.This Account emphasizes the essential role of noncovalent interactions,particularly in peptide-based materials.Key forces,such as aromatic stacking and hydrogen bonding,are crucial for promoting molecular aggregation and stabilizing supramolecular structures.Numerous studies demonstrate how these interactions influence the phase transitions and the morphology of self-assembled structures.Recent advances in computational methodologies,including molecular dynamics simulations and machine learning,have significantly enhanced our understanding of self-assembly processes.These tools enable researchers to predict how molecular properties,such as hydrophobicity,charge distribution,and aromaticity,affect assembly behavior.Simulations uncover the energetic landscapes governing peptide aggregation,providing insights into the kinetic pathways and thermodynamic stabilities.Meanwhile,machine learning facilitates the rapid screening of peptide libraries,identifying sequences with optimal self-assembly characteristics,and accelerating material design with tailored functionalities.Beyond their structural and physicochemical properties,self-assembled peptide nanostructures hold immense potential in biological applications due to their versatility and biocompatibility.By manipulating molecular interactions,researchers have engineered responsive systems that interact with cellular environments to elicit specific biological responses.These peptide nanostructures can mimic extracellular matrices,facilitating cell adhesion,proliferation,and differentiation.They also show promise in modulating immune responses,recruiting immune cells,and regulating signaling pathways,making them valuable tools in immunotherapy and regenerative medicine.Moreover,their ability to disrupt bacterial membranes positions them as innovative alternatives to conventional antibiotics,addressing the urgent need for solutions to antimicrobial resistance.Despite its promise,peptide self-assembly faces several challenges.The assembly process is highly sensitive to environmental conditions,such as pH,temperature,and ionic strength,leading to variability in the morphology and properties.Furthermore,peptide aggregation can result in heterogeneous and poorly defined assemblies,complicating the reproducibility and scalability.Designing peptides with predictable self-assembly behavior remains a significant hurdle.Looking ahead,integrating computational predictions with experimental validations will be crucial in discovering novel peptide sequences with tailored self-assembly properties.Machine learning,combined with high-throughput screening techniques,will enable the rapid identification of optimal peptide sequences.In situ characterization tools,such as cryoelectron microscopy and advanced spectroscopy,will provide deeper insights into assembly mechanisms,aiding the rational design of peptide materials.As research progresses,the dynamic and reversible nature of noncovalent interactions can be leveraged to create adaptive responsive to environmental stimuli.Self-assembled peptide nanostructures are poised for impactful applications in biomedicine including targeted drug delivery,tissue repair,and advanced therapeutic strategies.Ultimately,these nanostructures represent a powerful platform for addressing complex challenges in biomedicine and beyond,paving the way for transformative breakthroughs in science and technology.展开更多
The controlled self-assembly of colloidal nanocrystals(NCs)is a fundamental research challenge in nanoscale materials science,aimed at constructing artificially engineered superlattices capable of rivaling or even exc...The controlled self-assembly of colloidal nanocrystals(NCs)is a fundamental research challenge in nanoscale materials science,aimed at constructing artificially engineered superlattices capable of rivaling or even exceeding the structural complexity in natural crystalline materials[1,2].Significantly,such precisely engineered superlattice architecture may exhibit intriguing optical,electronic,and catalytic functionalities stemming from both the individual NCs and the long-range ordered superlattice matrix[3,4].展开更多
pH-sensitive wettability of polystyrene-b-poly（4-vinylpyridine） （PS-b-P4VP） self assembled films, exhibiting superoleophobicity under water and hydrophilicity at low pH value, and oleophobicity under water and hyd...pH-sensitive wettability of polystyrene-b-poly（4-vinylpyridine） （PS-b-P4VP） self assembled films, exhibiting superoleophobicity under water and hydrophilicity at low pH value, and oleophobicity under water and hydrophobicity at neutral condition, has been realized. The wettability properties resulted from the surface topological and chemical transition, which were confirmed by in situ AFM measurements under water at different pH. At low pH, P4VP chains, which were confined in the hexagonal-packed nanodomains, got protonated into a swollen state, while at high pH, P4VP chains were deprotonated into a collapsed state. The reversible protonation/deprotonation procedure on the molecular scale leads to surface topological and chemical transition, thereby pH-sensitive wettability.展开更多
Compared with noble metals, improving the sensitivity of semiconducting surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) substrates is of great significance to their fundamental research and practical application of Raman spec...Compared with noble metals, improving the sensitivity of semiconducting surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) substrates is of great significance to their fundamental research and practical application of Raman spectroscopy. Herein, a simple chemical method is developed to synthesize a rhenium trioxide(ReO_(3)) microtubes assembled with highly crystalline nanoparticles. The ReO_(3) microtubes show a strong and well-defined surface plasmon resonance(SPR) behavior in visible region, which is rare for non-noble metals. As a low-cost SERS substrate, the plasmonic ReO_(3) microtubes exhibit a Raman enhancement factor of 8.9×10^(5) and a lowest detection limit of 1.0×10^(-9) mol/L for phenolic pollutants. Moreover, these ReO_(3) microtubule SERS substrates show excellent chemical stability and can resist the corrosion of strong acids and bases.展开更多
The polymerization of amphiphilic self assemblies is a promising method to synthesize nano structured materials with novel properties. These materials have many attractive features for their application in biomedica...The polymerization of amphiphilic self assemblies is a promising method to synthesize nano structured materials with novel properties. These materials have many attractive features for their application in biomedical area and materials science, such as catalysis, separation, surface modification, and therapeutics areas. A general review on the polymerization of lipids and surfactant self assemblies to amphiphilic self assemblies is given in this paper with 49 references. The polymerization and the subsequently resulted structure of lipids in different morphologies are summarized. The polymerization of polymerizable surfactants(surfmers) in emulsion and liquid crystalline phases are also discussed. The potential application of new nano porous materials is briefly described.展开更多
The layer by layer complexation technique of polymer and metal ion was successfully utilized to fabricate the ultrathin multilayer film of poly(3 thiophene acetic acid (PTAA) and Tb 3+ ion by dipping the subst...The layer by layer complexation technique of polymer and metal ion was successfully utilized to fabricate the ultrathin multilayer film of poly(3 thiophene acetic acid (PTAA) and Tb 3+ ion by dipping the substrates alternatively in polymer and Tb 3+ ion aqueous solutions. UV-vis measurement revealed that the absorbance has linearity with the bilayer number from layer to layer and the X ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS) confirmed the existence of Tb 3+ ion. The pH of both the polymer and TbCl 3 solutions influence the thickness dramatically while the concentration of the solutions is not so sensitive. The luminescent spectrum of the complex film shows the characteristic emission of Tb 3+ ion as well as the ligand indicating the formation of the complex.展开更多
Gold nanorods with aspect ratios of from 1 （particles） to 31.6 were synthesized by the seed-mediated method and packed in a highly ordered structure on a large scale on silicon substrates through capillary force ind...Gold nanorods with aspect ratios of from 1 （particles） to 31.6 were synthesized by the seed-mediated method and packed in a highly ordered structure on a large scale on silicon substrates through capillary force induced self-assembly behaviour during solvent evaporation. The gold nanorod surface exhibits a strong enhancing effect on Raman scattering spectroscopy. The enhancement of Raman scattering for two model molecules （2-naphthalenethiol and rhodamine 6C） is about 5-6 orders of magnitude. By changing the aspect ratio of the Au nanorods, we found that the enhancement factors decreased with the increase of aspect ratios. The observed Raman scattering enhancement is strong and should be ascribed to the surface plasmon coupling between closely packed nanorods, which may result in huge local electromagnetic field enhancements in those confined junctions.展开更多
This study investigated the stability behaviour of molecular monolayer symmetric chemically modified tetraether lipids caldarchaeol-PO<sub>4</sub> on the amino-silanised silicon wafer using Langmuir-Blodge...This study investigated the stability behaviour of molecular monolayer symmetric chemically modified tetraether lipids caldarchaeol-PO<sub>4</sub> on the amino-silanised silicon wafer using Langmuir-Blodgett films, Self Assembling Monolayers (SAMs), ellipsometry, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The monolayers of caldarchaeol-PO<sub>4 </sub>were stable on the solid surface amino-silanised silicon wafer. The organizations of molecular monolayers caldarchaeol-PO<sub>4</sub> by Langmuir-Blodgett method and SAMs have been analyzed. The surface of pressure in Langmuir-Blodgett processing is carried out monolayers caldarchaeol-PO<sub>4</sub> more flat island inhomogeneous. Another method of monolayers caldarchaeol-PO<sub>4</sub> by SAMs is showed a large flat domain. Monolayers caldarchaeol-PO<sub>4</sub> by Langmuir-Blodgett method seems to be stable and chemically resistant after washing with organic solvent and an additional treatment ultrasonification with various thickness lipids arround 2 nm to 6 nm. Conversely, monolayer caldarchaeol-PO<sub>4</sub> by SAMs appears fewer than monolayers caldarchaeol-PO<sub>4</sub> by Langmuir-Blodgett method, the thickness of various from 1 nm to 3 nm.展开更多
Amphiphilic block copolymers can exhibit rich and complex morphologies in aqueous solutions, but these structures are usually delicate, easily disturbed by composition change or temperature change. In this work, the u...Amphiphilic block copolymers can exhibit rich and complex morphologies in aqueous solutions, but these structures are usually delicate, easily disturbed by composition change or temperature change. In this work, the use of different methods to cross link block copolymer self assemblies in the presence of a selective solvent and to stabilize the structures is reviewed. In addition, the cross linking reaction kinetics of block copolymer amphiphilic self assemblies is briefly discussed.展开更多
Inorganic NiO_(x) based inverted structure perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is reported to be more stable than that with the organic hole transport materials.In this work,NiO_(x)/MAPbI_(3) interface chemical reaction ind...Inorganic NiO_(x) based inverted structure perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is reported to be more stable than that with the organic hole transport materials.In this work,NiO_(x)/MAPbI_(3) interface chemical reaction induced instability of perovskite is unveiled:Ni^(3+) and I^(-) exhibit redox reactions and deprotonation of MA^(+) happens,which result in interface defects and perovskite lattice deformation.Thus the defective interface accelerates the degradation of perovskite by defect pathways from the bottom interface to the perovskite surface contacting H_(2)O/O_(2).Self-assembled interlayer of NH_(2)^(-)end silane on NiO_(x)separates the reactive NiO_(x)and MAPbI_(3),tunes the interface energy states by–NH_(2) end group.As a result,the PSC based on the silane treated NiO_(x)achieves enhanced PCE of 20.1%with decent stability under environmental and extreme conditions (high temperature,high humidity,light infiltration).Our work highlights the interface chemical problem induced PSC instability and a simple interface modification to achieve the stable PSCs.展开更多
The direct electron transfer of amino oxidase on electrode surface based on self assembly technique occurs at 505 mV( vs . Ag/AgCl), indicating that copper atoms are the electron transfer centers and catalytic cent...The direct electron transfer of amino oxidase on electrode surface based on self assembly technique occurs at 505 mV( vs . Ag/AgCl), indicating that copper atoms are the electron transfer centers and catalytic centers of amino oxidase.展开更多
基金Project (31100693/C100302) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject (31011120049) supported by the Australia-China Special Fund, International Science Linkages Program co-supported by the Department of Innovation, Industry, Science and Research of Australia, and the Ministry of Science and Technology and National Science Foundation of China+1 种基金Project(2010ZDKG-96) supported by the Major Subject of "13115" Programs of Shaan’xi Province, ChinaProject (2012CB619102) supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
文摘The haemocompatibility of Ti-3Zr-2Sn-3Mo-25Nb biomedical alloy was studied after surface heparinization. A layer of sol-gel TiO2 films was applied on the alloy samples followed by active treatment in the bio-functionalized solution for introducing the OH- and groups, and then the heparin was immobilized on the active TiO2 films through the electrostatic self assembly technology. It is shown that the heparinized films are mainly composed of anatase and rutile with smooth and dense surface. In vitro blood compatibility was evaluated by haemolysis test, clotting time and platelet adhesion behavior tests. The results show that the haemocompatibility of the alloy could be significantly improved by surface heparinization.
基金supported by Rachadapisek Sompote Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship, Chulalongkorn University, Thailandthe Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), NSTDA Ministry of Science and Technology, Thailand, through its program of Center of Excellence Network+1 种基金National Research University Project of CHEthe Rachadapisek Sompote Endowment Fund (No. AM1041A)
文摘Polypropylene（PP） meltblown fibers were coated with titanium dioxide（Ti O2） nanoparticles using layer-by-layer（Lb L） deposition technique. The fibers were first modified with 3layers of poly（4-styrenesulfonic acid）（PSS） and poly（diallyl-dimethylammonium chloride）（PDADMAC） to improve the anchoring of the Ti O2 nanoparticle clusters. PDADMAC, which is positively charged, was then used as counter polyelectrolyte in tandem with anionic Ti O2 nanoparticles to construct Ti O2/PDADMAC bilayer in the Lb L fashion. The number of deposited Ti O2/PDADMAC layers was varied from 1 to 7 bilayer, and could be used to adjust Ti O2 loading. The Lb L technique showed higher Ti O2 loading efficiency than the impregnation approach. The modified fibers were tested for their photocatalytic activity against a model dye, Methylene Blue（MB）. Results showed that the Ti O2 modified fibers exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity efficiency similar to that of Ti O2 powder dispersed in solution. The deposition of Ti O23 bilayer on the PP substrate was sufficient to produce nanocomposite fibers that could bleach the MB solution in less than 4 hr.Ti O2-Lb L constructions also preserved Ti O2 adhesion on substrate surface after 1 cycle of photocatalytic test. Successive photocatalytic test showed decline in MB reduction rate with loss of Ti O2 particles from the substrate outer surface. However, even in the third cycle, the Ti O2 modified fibers are still moderately effective as it could remove more than 95% of MB after 8 hr of treatment.
基金Project supported by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (NN204 0317 33)
文摘The self-assembled formation of a one-dimensional lanthanum salicylald imine coordination polymer was proved by the X-ray diffraction analysis of new l anthanum(Ⅲ) nitrate complex containing N,N’-bis(salicylidene)-1,5-pentanediami ne ligand(H2L) . It was obtained in situ in a one-step,metal-templated condensa tion of salicylaldehyde with 1,5-pentanediamine(cadaverine,biogenic polyamine) and characterized by microanalysis and spectroscopic(IR,ESI-MS,UV-Vis,and 1 H NMR) data. The [La(NO3) 3(μ-H2L) 2]∞ complex displayed 10-coordinate distorted bicapped dodecahedron geometry with unusual coordination pattern of undeprotonat ed salicylaldimines which acted as μ-bridging ditopic ligands using exclusivel y the oxygens as donor atoms with the nitrogen atoms not being involved in the c oordination environment.
基金the National High-tech Research and Development Program of China(''863''Program)(No.2012AA041402)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61175079and51105012)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.YWF-11-02-215)
文摘Swarm intelligence embodied by many species such as ants and bees has inspired scholars in swarm robotic researches. This paper presents a novel autonomous self-assembly distributed swarm flying robot-DSFR, which can drive on the ground, autonomously accomplish self-assembly and then fly in the air coordinately. Mechanical and electrical designs of a DSFR module, as well as the kinematics and dynamics analysis, are specifically investigated. Meanwhile, this paper brings forward a generalized adjacency matrix to describe configurations of DSFR structures. Also, the distributed flight control model is established for vertical taking-off and horizontal hovering, which can be applied to control of DSFR systems with arbitrary configurations. Finally, some experiments are carried out to testify and validate the DSFR design, the autonomous self-assembly strategy and the distributed flight control laws.
基金Projects(51102026,51272032) supported by the Program for the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(11A014) supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education DepartmentProject supported by the Aid Program for Science and Technology Innovative Research Team in Higher Educational Instituions of Hunan Province,China
文摘The mesoporous Ti O2 has been synthesized by evaporation induced self assembly(EISA) method. The thermogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetric(TG/DSC), X-ray diffraction(XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HR-TEM) and N2 adsorption desorption and adsorption are used to study the effects of the synthesized process condition on the microstructure of the as-synthesized mesoporous Ti O2. The photocatalytic performances of as-synthesized samples are evaluated by the degradation of the formaldehyde under ultraviolet light irradiations. The results demonstrate that the as-synthesized mesoporous Ti O2 are anatase with the uniform size about 20-40 nm. The sample is prepared using cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB) as the template with average pore size distribution of 8.12 nm, specific surface area of 68.47 m2/g and pore volume of 0.213 m L/g. The samples show decomposition of formaldehyde 95.8% under ultraviolet light irradiations for 90 min. These results provide a basic experimental process for preparation mesoporous Ti O2, which will posses a broad prospect in terms of the applications in improving indoor air quality.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos. 20476011 and 20371007).
文摘The self-assembly of clusters in inorganic systems is an interesting subject. The self-assembly of big molecules has been well established in biological systems. In addition, the coordination chemistry of metal-sulfur-nitrogen cluster complexes has been a very active and attracting field for many years as a result of the novelty and versatility of the crystal structures and reactivities of such clusters, as well as their potential applications as the models for the active sites in non-heme proteins. At the same time, there is currently considerable interest in the formation of metal complexes with heterocyclic ligands because of the diverse characteristics of ligands and their consequential wide range of applications.
基金supported through Annual Research Grants Program (ARP-29-111) by King Abdulaziz City for Scienceand Technology (KACST)
文摘In this study, self assembly behavior was induced for γ-alumina nanoparticles by adsorption of dimethyl disulfide. Following this trend, we have developed a chemical process to obtain ＇y-alumina in the nano scale. Scanning electron microscopy images of the prepared γ-alumina showed big and strong agglomeration of the nanoparticles indicating that these nanoparticles have strong surface forces. Transmission electron microscopy images confirmed that the γ-alumina nanoparticles 3-7 nm in size were converted to uniform spherical shape in the size range of 1-2 mm after shaking with dimethyl disulfide in the presence of n-hexane at room temperature. This phenomenon did not appear in the case of alumina in the micro scale. The surface properties of the prepared γ-alumina in the nano scale were characterized and compared with the γ-alumina in the micro scale by using low temperature nitrogen adsorption-desorption system, indicating that the specific surface area of the prepared γ-alumina nanoparticles is larger than that of the γ-alumina in the micro scale. Furthermore, micro- and meso-pores were observed for the if-alumina nanoparticles while only mesoporous structure was detected for the γ-alumina in the micro scale. These experimental results suggested that the self assembly behavior of the γ-alumina nanoparticles may be due to the selective adsorption ofdimethyl disulfide in the micropores of these nanoparticles to act as bridge linking the nanoparticles.
文摘Pepsin was assembled on the surface of prepared poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET-NH3^+) substrates.The composition and structure of the pepsin/PET-NH3^+ assembling films in different condition were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and atomic force microscopy(AFM).
文摘It is our great pleasure to announce the awardees of 2024 Nano Research Young Innovators(NR45)in nanomaterial self-assembly.Nano Research initiated the NR45 program in 2018 to recognize outstanding young researchers under 45 years of age across diverse fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology.This initiative celebrates their exceptional achievements and potential to advance their respective disciplines through groundbreaking contributions.Awardees are selected via a rigorous competitive process by an award committee comprising members of the journal’s editorial board.The 2024 NR45 Awards focus on nanomaterial self-assembly,honoring 24 innovators for their transformative contributions to this dynamic field.This special issue features 12 review articles and 12 research papers from these distinguished awardees.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82272145)and the Foundation of Westlake University.
文摘CONSPECTUS:Controlling self-assembled peptide nanostructures has emerged as a significant area of research,offering versatile tools for developing functional materials for various applications.This Account emphasizes the essential role of noncovalent interactions,particularly in peptide-based materials.Key forces,such as aromatic stacking and hydrogen bonding,are crucial for promoting molecular aggregation and stabilizing supramolecular structures.Numerous studies demonstrate how these interactions influence the phase transitions and the morphology of self-assembled structures.Recent advances in computational methodologies,including molecular dynamics simulations and machine learning,have significantly enhanced our understanding of self-assembly processes.These tools enable researchers to predict how molecular properties,such as hydrophobicity,charge distribution,and aromaticity,affect assembly behavior.Simulations uncover the energetic landscapes governing peptide aggregation,providing insights into the kinetic pathways and thermodynamic stabilities.Meanwhile,machine learning facilitates the rapid screening of peptide libraries,identifying sequences with optimal self-assembly characteristics,and accelerating material design with tailored functionalities.Beyond their structural and physicochemical properties,self-assembled peptide nanostructures hold immense potential in biological applications due to their versatility and biocompatibility.By manipulating molecular interactions,researchers have engineered responsive systems that interact with cellular environments to elicit specific biological responses.These peptide nanostructures can mimic extracellular matrices,facilitating cell adhesion,proliferation,and differentiation.They also show promise in modulating immune responses,recruiting immune cells,and regulating signaling pathways,making them valuable tools in immunotherapy and regenerative medicine.Moreover,their ability to disrupt bacterial membranes positions them as innovative alternatives to conventional antibiotics,addressing the urgent need for solutions to antimicrobial resistance.Despite its promise,peptide self-assembly faces several challenges.The assembly process is highly sensitive to environmental conditions,such as pH,temperature,and ionic strength,leading to variability in the morphology and properties.Furthermore,peptide aggregation can result in heterogeneous and poorly defined assemblies,complicating the reproducibility and scalability.Designing peptides with predictable self-assembly behavior remains a significant hurdle.Looking ahead,integrating computational predictions with experimental validations will be crucial in discovering novel peptide sequences with tailored self-assembly properties.Machine learning,combined with high-throughput screening techniques,will enable the rapid identification of optimal peptide sequences.In situ characterization tools,such as cryoelectron microscopy and advanced spectroscopy,will provide deeper insights into assembly mechanisms,aiding the rational design of peptide materials.As research progresses,the dynamic and reversible nature of noncovalent interactions can be leveraged to create adaptive responsive to environmental stimuli.Self-assembled peptide nanostructures are poised for impactful applications in biomedicine including targeted drug delivery,tissue repair,and advanced therapeutic strategies.Ultimately,these nanostructures represent a powerful platform for addressing complex challenges in biomedicine and beyond,paving the way for transformative breakthroughs in science and technology.
文摘The controlled self-assembly of colloidal nanocrystals(NCs)is a fundamental research challenge in nanoscale materials science,aimed at constructing artificially engineered superlattices capable of rivaling or even exceeding the structural complexity in natural crystalline materials[1,2].Significantly,such precisely engineered superlattice architecture may exhibit intriguing optical,electronic,and catalytic functionalities stemming from both the individual NCs and the long-range ordered superlattice matrix[3,4].
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21204002)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(No.20111102120050)+1 种基金Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Universities(2010)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘pH-sensitive wettability of polystyrene-b-poly（4-vinylpyridine） （PS-b-P4VP） self assembled films, exhibiting superoleophobicity under water and hydrophilicity at low pH value, and oleophobicity under water and hydrophobicity at neutral condition, has been realized. The wettability properties resulted from the surface topological and chemical transition, which were confirmed by in situ AFM measurements under water at different pH. At low pH, P4VP chains, which were confined in the hexagonal-packed nanodomains, got protonated into a swollen state, while at high pH, P4VP chains were deprotonated into a collapsed state. The reversible protonation/deprotonation procedure on the molecular scale leads to surface topological and chemical transition, thereby pH-sensitive wettability.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51771175)the Science Foundation of State Administration of market supervision(No.2021MK164)。
文摘Compared with noble metals, improving the sensitivity of semiconducting surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) substrates is of great significance to their fundamental research and practical application of Raman spectroscopy. Herein, a simple chemical method is developed to synthesize a rhenium trioxide(ReO_(3)) microtubes assembled with highly crystalline nanoparticles. The ReO_(3) microtubes show a strong and well-defined surface plasmon resonance(SPR) behavior in visible region, which is rare for non-noble metals. As a low-cost SERS substrate, the plasmonic ReO_(3) microtubes exhibit a Raman enhancement factor of 8.9×10^(5) and a lowest detection limit of 1.0×10^(-9) mol/L for phenolic pollutants. Moreover, these ReO_(3) microtubule SERS substrates show excellent chemical stability and can resist the corrosion of strong acids and bases.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation(No.0 5 1730 0 3) Beijing Science and Technology New Star Program(No.H0 10 4 10 0 10 112 ) and Im portant Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(No.2 0 310 0 1) .
文摘The polymerization of amphiphilic self assemblies is a promising method to synthesize nano structured materials with novel properties. These materials have many attractive features for their application in biomedical area and materials science, such as catalysis, separation, surface modification, and therapeutics areas. A general review on the polymerization of lipids and surfactant self assemblies to amphiphilic self assemblies is given in this paper with 49 references. The polymerization and the subsequently resulted structure of lipids in different morphologies are summarized. The polymerization of polymerizable surfactants(surfmers) in emulsion and liquid crystalline phases are also discussed. The potential application of new nano porous materials is briefly described.
文摘The layer by layer complexation technique of polymer and metal ion was successfully utilized to fabricate the ultrathin multilayer film of poly(3 thiophene acetic acid (PTAA) and Tb 3+ ion by dipping the substrates alternatively in polymer and Tb 3+ ion aqueous solutions. UV-vis measurement revealed that the absorbance has linearity with the bilayer number from layer to layer and the X ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS) confirmed the existence of Tb 3+ ion. The pH of both the polymer and TbCl 3 solutions influence the thickness dramatically while the concentration of the solutions is not so sensitive. The luminescent spectrum of the complex film shows the characteristic emission of Tb 3+ ion as well as the ligand indicating the formation of the complex.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.50872147)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2007AA03Z305)the Special Doctoral Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China (Grant No.20775030)
文摘Gold nanorods with aspect ratios of from 1 （particles） to 31.6 were synthesized by the seed-mediated method and packed in a highly ordered structure on a large scale on silicon substrates through capillary force induced self-assembly behaviour during solvent evaporation. The gold nanorod surface exhibits a strong enhancing effect on Raman scattering spectroscopy. The enhancement of Raman scattering for two model molecules （2-naphthalenethiol and rhodamine 6C） is about 5-6 orders of magnitude. By changing the aspect ratio of the Au nanorods, we found that the enhancement factors decreased with the increase of aspect ratios. The observed Raman scattering enhancement is strong and should be ascribed to the surface plasmon coupling between closely packed nanorods, which may result in huge local electromagnetic field enhancements in those confined junctions.
文摘This study investigated the stability behaviour of molecular monolayer symmetric chemically modified tetraether lipids caldarchaeol-PO<sub>4</sub> on the amino-silanised silicon wafer using Langmuir-Blodgett films, Self Assembling Monolayers (SAMs), ellipsometry, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The monolayers of caldarchaeol-PO<sub>4 </sub>were stable on the solid surface amino-silanised silicon wafer. The organizations of molecular monolayers caldarchaeol-PO<sub>4</sub> by Langmuir-Blodgett method and SAMs have been analyzed. The surface of pressure in Langmuir-Blodgett processing is carried out monolayers caldarchaeol-PO<sub>4</sub> more flat island inhomogeneous. Another method of monolayers caldarchaeol-PO<sub>4</sub> by SAMs is showed a large flat domain. Monolayers caldarchaeol-PO<sub>4</sub> by Langmuir-Blodgett method seems to be stable and chemically resistant after washing with organic solvent and an additional treatment ultrasonification with various thickness lipids arround 2 nm to 6 nm. Conversely, monolayer caldarchaeol-PO<sub>4</sub> by SAMs appears fewer than monolayers caldarchaeol-PO<sub>4</sub> by Langmuir-Blodgett method, the thickness of various from 1 nm to 3 nm.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.0 5 1730 0 3) Beijing Science and Technology New StarProgram(No.H0 10 4 10 0 10 112 ) and Important Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(No.2 0 310 0 1) .
文摘Amphiphilic block copolymers can exhibit rich and complex morphologies in aqueous solutions, but these structures are usually delicate, easily disturbed by composition change or temperature change. In this work, the use of different methods to cross link block copolymer self assemblies in the presence of a selective solvent and to stabilize the structures is reviewed. In addition, the cross linking reaction kinetics of block copolymer amphiphilic self assemblies is briefly discussed.
基金supported by the Ningbo S&T Innovation 2025 Major Special Program (2018B10055)the K.C. Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University, China。
文摘Inorganic NiO_(x) based inverted structure perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is reported to be more stable than that with the organic hole transport materials.In this work,NiO_(x)/MAPbI_(3) interface chemical reaction induced instability of perovskite is unveiled:Ni^(3+) and I^(-) exhibit redox reactions and deprotonation of MA^(+) happens,which result in interface defects and perovskite lattice deformation.Thus the defective interface accelerates the degradation of perovskite by defect pathways from the bottom interface to the perovskite surface contacting H_(2)O/O_(2).Self-assembled interlayer of NH_(2)^(-)end silane on NiO_(x)separates the reactive NiO_(x)and MAPbI_(3),tunes the interface energy states by–NH_(2) end group.As a result,the PSC based on the silane treated NiO_(x)achieves enhanced PCE of 20.1%with decent stability under environmental and extreme conditions (high temperature,high humidity,light infiltration).Our work highlights the interface chemical problem induced PSC instability and a simple interface modification to achieve the stable PSCs.
文摘The direct electron transfer of amino oxidase on electrode surface based on self assembly technique occurs at 505 mV( vs . Ag/AgCl), indicating that copper atoms are the electron transfer centers and catalytic centers of amino oxidase.
