Background Organic selenium(Se)has gained recognition in poultry nutrition as a feed additive to boost production and Se deposition in eggs and tissues,owing to its high bioavailability,efficient tissue accumulation a...Background Organic selenium(Se)has gained recognition in poultry nutrition as a feed additive to boost production and Se deposition in eggs and tissues,owing to its high bioavailability,efficient tissue accumulation and minimal toxicity.Selenium-enriched yeast(SeY)is a well-established source,while selenium-enriched lactobacilli(SeL),a newer alternative,offers the added benefits of probiotics.This study examined the effects of SeY and SeL on egg quality,antioxidant capacity,Se deposition,and gut health in laying hens.After a two-week pre-treatment with a Sedeficient diet(SeD),450 Hy-Line Brown laying hens(30-week-old)were assigned into five dietary groups with six replicates of 15 hens each.The groups included a SeD,SeD supplemented with 1.5 mg Se/kg from SeY(SeY15),or 1.5,3.0,and 6.0 mg Se/kg from SeL(SeL15,SeL30,SeL60).The feeding trial lasted for 12 weeks.Results SeY15 and SeL15 improved the feed-to-egg ratio(P<0.05)in the latter stages.Haugh units were significantly increased(P<0.05)in the SeY15 and SeL30 groups,while darker yolk color(P<0.05)was observed in the SeY15,SeL15,and SeL60 groups.All Se-supplemented diets increased Se content in whole eggs,albumen,and yolk(P<0.05),while SeL groups showed a dose-dependent effect.Antioxidant enzyme activities increased,and MDA content decreased in the serum(P<0.05),with SeY15 showing the highest GSH-Px levels(P<0.05).SeL60 increased serum alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase,and distorted the liver architecture(P<0.05).Se-diets reduced concentrations of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the ileum and liver(P<0.05).SeL15 improved the ileal villus height-tocrypt depth ratio(P<0.05).SeY15 and/or SeL15 up-regulated TXNRD1 and SEPHS1 mRNA while down-regulating SCLY expression in the liver.SeY15 altered ileal microbiota by increasing both beneficial and pathogenic bacteria,whereas SeL15 predominantly boosted beneficial bacteria.Conclusion SeL integrates the antioxidant properties of organic Se with the probiotic benefits on gut health,resulting in a performance-enhancing effect comparable to that of SeY.However,high SeL level(6.0 mg Se/kg)compromised productivity and metabolic functions while enhancing Se deposition.展开更多
Selenium(Se)is an essential micronutrient that plays an important role in animal and human development and physiological homoeostasis.This review surveys the role of Se in the environment,plants and animal bodies,and ...Selenium(Se)is an essential micronutrient that plays an important role in animal and human development and physiological homoeostasis.This review surveys the role of Se in the environment,plants and animal bodies,and discusses data on Se biofortification with different sources of supplementation,from inorganic to organic forms,with special focus on Se-enriched yeast(Se-yeast).Although Se-yeast remains one of the main sources of organic Se,other emerging and innovative sources are reviewed,such as Se-enriched insects and Se-nanoparticles and their potential use in animal nutrition.Se-enriched insects are discussed as an option for supplying Se in organic form to livestock diets.Se-nanoparticles are also discussed,as they represent a more biocompatible and less toxic source of inorganic Se for animal organisms,compared to selenite and selenate.We also provide up to date information on the legal framework in the EU,USA,and Canada of Se that is contained in feed additives.From the scientific evidence available in the literature,it can be concluded that among the inorganic forms,sodium selenite is still one of the main options,whereas Se-yeast remains the primary organic form.However,other potential sources such as Se-enriched insects and Se-nanoparticles are being investigated as they could potentially combine a high bioavailability and reduced Se emissions in the environment.展开更多
The increase in human population has led to imminent pressures to develop new edible proteins with decreased environmental footprints.The most promising approach involves the production of single cell protein(SCP)from...The increase in human population has led to imminent pressures to develop new edible proteins with decreased environmental footprints.The most promising approach involves the production of single cell protein(SCP)from yeasts,which have been utilized in a wide variety of foods for thousands of years.In this study,102 yeast strains isolated from traditional fermented pork(Nanx Wudl)were investigated for their potential as SCP producer for the first time.Based on preliminary screening,Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y70 and Candida parapsilosis H5Y13,both showing high protein content and excellent growth capability,were selected for further analysis via 4D-DIA proteomics technology.Proteomic analysis indicated that the oxidative metabolism pathways,including TCA cycle,oxidative phosphorylation and pentose phosphate pathway,may have a significant impact on global protein synthesis and production.This study provides useful information for selecting SCP-producing yeast from Chinese fermented meat products and contribute to a deeper understanding of the underlying metabolic mechanisms behind global protein synthesis in yeast.Furthermore,these findings also provide potential molecular targets for genetic engineering modifications in yeast,aimed at constructing highly efficient cell factories for protein production.展开更多
The objective of this study was to verify the protective effect of Bifidobacterium longum(BL) and the synergistical effect of Selenium and BL on alcohol plus high fat diet(HFD) induced hepatic injury in mice. We also ...The objective of this study was to verify the protective effect of Bifidobacterium longum(BL) and the synergistical effect of Selenium and BL on alcohol plus high fat diet(HFD) induced hepatic injury in mice. We also want to explore the mechanism of Selenium-enriched Bifidobacterium longum(Se BL). C57 BL/6 mice were treated with alcohol plus HFD with or without different dosage of BL or Se BL for 4 weeks. Serum levels of ALT, AST, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, FFAs, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, hepatic MDA level, SOD activity, the m RNA levels of AMPK, PPAR-α and SREBP1 were invested. Se BL inhibited lipid accumulation in hepatocytes;reduced serum AST and ALT levels;improved dyslipidemia;decreased serum FFAs, TC, TG and LDL-C levels. Se BL also inhibited alcohol plus HFD-induced hepatocyte oxidative stress through decrease in hepatic MDA levels and increase in SOD activity. Se BL also regulated lipid metabolism related genes such as AMPK, PPAR-α and SREBP1. Although BL had similar effect as Se BL, Se BL is more effective than BL. Se BL protected mice from alcohol plus HFD-induced hepatic injury in mice because of its inhibitory effect on hepatocellular oxidative stress, lipogenesis and inflammation. Selenium enhanced the protective effect of BL.展开更多
High-salt diet is well recognized as a risk factor for hypertension,and dietary intervention plays a critical role in the prevention of hypertension.The current study investigated the effects of selenium-enriched gree...High-salt diet is well recognized as a risk factor for hypertension,and dietary intervention plays a critical role in the prevention of hypertension.The current study investigated the effects of selenium-enriched green tea(Se-GT)and ordinary green tea(GT)on prevention of hypertension of rats induced by high-salt diet,as well as their potential regulatory and mechanism.Our results showed that GT and Se-GT supplementations significantly prevented the increase of blood pressure(BP),activated the phosphoinosmde-3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt)signaling pathway,and regulated the gene expression related to BP,as well as improved the tissue damage like heart,liver,and kidneys.Besides,the key parameters associated with oxidative stress,inflammation and endothelial dysfunction were also altered by GT and Se-GT treatments.Importantly,GT or Se-GT administration adjusted the diversity and composition of the intestinal flora.Moreover,GT and Se-GT supplementations increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria and reduced the abundance of harmful or conditional pathogenic bacteria.More specifically,GT intake specifically and significantly enriched the relative abundance of Paraprevotella and Bacteroides,whereas Se-GT was characterized by specific and significant enrichment for Allobaculum and Bifidobacterium.Our results proved that dietary supplement of GT and Se-GT remarkably improved the vascular functions and effectively prevented tissue damage by regulation of intestinal flora,and thus preventing hypertension induced by high-salt diet.展开更多
As an important symbol of agricultural and sideline products in Ankang City,selenium-enriched tea affects the development of regional agricultural and sideline industries.In this paper,the development status and probl...As an important symbol of agricultural and sideline products in Ankang City,selenium-enriched tea affects the development of regional agricultural and sideline industries.In this paper,the development status and problems of the selenium-enriched tea products of Ankang were analyzed in terms of capital,technology,management and sales mode.This research is of positive significance to the development of selenium-enriched products and other agricultural and sideline products of health value,and plays a very important role in promoting the cultivation of village-level characteristic industries and the effective realization of targeted poverty alleviation.展开更多
[Objectives] The aims were to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins from selenium-enriched rice in Guangxi and provide references for the intensive processing and comprehensive utilization of selenium prot...[Objectives] The aims were to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins from selenium-enriched rice in Guangxi and provide references for the intensive processing and comprehensive utilization of selenium protein resources. [Methods]Selenium-enriched rice was used as materials to extract selenoproteins by phosphate buffer extraction method and to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins by using the orthogonal experiment. Proteins and selenium content was measured by Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 reagent and AFS（ atomic fluorescence spectrometry） respectively. [Results] The most significant factor affecting extraction of rice Selenoproteins was extraction NaO H concentration,followed by the ratio of solid-liquid,temperature and then extraction time. The optimum extraction conditions of selenoproteins from rice were extraction temperature of 50 ℃,NaO H concentration of 0. 14 mol/L,extraction time of 5 h,and solid-liquid ratio of 1∶ 30. [Conclusions]The alkali extraction process optimized by orthogonal test could effectively improve the extraction rate of selenoproteins,and the optimized process parameters could be popularized and applied in practical production.展开更多
Selenium is an essential trace element for human health.Eating selenium-enriched eggs is conducive to easily and effectively solving the problem of selenium deficiency.In the production process of selenium-enriched eg...Selenium is an essential trace element for human health.Eating selenium-enriched eggs is conducive to easily and effectively solving the problem of selenium deficiency.In the production process of selenium-enriched eggs,different selenium sources,additive doses,feeding time,and the addition of other vitamins,trace elements,and methionine in the diet will influence the deposition of selenium in eggs.Through this review,it is intended to provide a reference for the practical,safe and economical production of selenium-enriched eggs.展开更多
Taking Scientific Outlook on Development as the guiding principle,this paper introduced the principles of innovation,coordination,green,openness and sharing. Based on gifted advantages of selenium-enriched soil and se...Taking Scientific Outlook on Development as the guiding principle,this paper introduced the principles of innovation,coordination,green,openness and sharing. Based on gifted advantages of selenium-enriched soil and selenium-enriched industry development in Guangxi,it discussed current practice,stressed green,ecological,characteristic demonstration,transformation and upgrading,and targeted poverty alleviation. Finally,it came up with perspective,practical,and operational strategies and recommendations for development of selenium-enriched industry,to provide reference for sustainable development of selenium-enriched functional industry in Guangxi.展开更多
In order to improve the added value of the main vegetable products in Qinghai Province,we researched the effect of soil selenium content on vegetable quality in selenium-enriched area of Qinghai. Through the analysis ...In order to improve the added value of the main vegetable products in Qinghai Province,we researched the effect of soil selenium content on vegetable quality in selenium-enriched area of Qinghai. Through the analysis of Qinghai selenium-enriched soil selenium content and5 kinds of main vegetables corresponds to the total selenium,part of the mineral elements and soluble sugar and VC content,the effects of soil selenium levels on selenium absorption and nourishment quality of vegetables were researched. The results showed that he Qinghai selenium-enriched soil selenium content in the range of 100. 00-563. 00 μg/kg,among them,the soil samples with sufficient selenium and rich selenium accounted for 76. 53% and 18. 88%,respectively. Soil selenium content of garlic sampling area was relatively high,and soil selenium content of sugar beet sampling area was relatively low. Vegetable selenium content was in the range of 11. 00-340. 94 μg/kg,the average content of total selenium content of garlic was up to 170. 40 μg/kg,and the average content of the total selenium content of radish is 73. 00 μg/kg.90. 63% of the vegetables in the region reached the level of sufficient selenium,and 70. 31% reached the level of selenium enrichment. The average content of Ca and Mg was higher than the national average. There was no significant correlation between selenium content of soil and vegetable and nutritional quality.展开更多
Background It is important to promote intestinal development and maturation of chicks for feed digestion and utilization,intestinal health,and disease resistance.This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary ...Background It is important to promote intestinal development and maturation of chicks for feed digestion and utilization,intestinal health,and disease resistance.This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary yeast cell wall polysaccharides(YCWP)addition on intestinal development and maturation of chickens and its potential action mechanism.Methods 180 one-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were randomly assigned to three groups containing control(basal diets without any antibiotics or anticoccidial drug),bacitracin methylene disalicylate(BMD)-treated group(50 mg/kg)and YCWP-supplemented group(100 mg/kg).Results Compared with control group,in-feed antibiotic BMD continuous administration significantly decreased crypt depth(d 21)and villus height(d 42)along with mucosal maltase activity(d 42)in the ileum(P<0.05).Also,BMD markedly downregulated gene expression levels ofβ-catenin,lysozyme,occludin and FABP-2(d 21)and innate immune related genes CD83 and MHC-I mRNA levels(d 42,P<0.05),and decreased goblet cell counts in the ileum of chickens(d 21 and d 42,P<0.05).While,TLR-2,TLR-6 and iNOS mRNA abundances were notably upregulated by BMD treatment(d 42,P<0.05).Nevertheless,dietary YCWP addition significantly increased the ratio of villus height to crypt depth(d 21),villus surface area(d 21 and d 42),ileal alkaline phosphatase and maltase activities as well as goblet cell(d 21 and d 42)and IgA-producing plasma cell numbers as compared to BMD treatment(d 21,P<0.05).YCWP addition also upregulated gene expression levels of Lgr5,Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway related gene(Wnt3,β-catenin,d 21;β-catenin,d 42),intestinal cells proliferation marker Ki-67 and barrier function related genes(occludin,d 21 and d 42,P<0.05).Moreover,YCWP significantly increased antigen presenting cell marker related genes(MHC-II,d 21;CD83 and MHC-I,d 42),TLR-1,TLR-2 and TLR-6 mRNA levels(d 21,P<0.05).Cecal microbiome analysis showed that YCWP addition obviously improved cecal microbial composition,as indicated by increasing relative abundance of Fournierella,Psychrobacter and Ruminiclostridium on d 21,and Alistipes and Lactobacillus on d 42,which were positively related with gut development and maturation related indexes(P<0.05).Conclusion Collectively, YCWP promoted yet antibiotic BMD delayed intestinal morphological and immunologicaldevelopment linked with modulating gut microbiome in chickens.展开更多
Background Using yeast culture as additives in ruminant feed prevents rumen microbial dysbiosis,enhances performance,and regulates rumen pH.The yeast culture used in this study was developed in-house,and has been show...Background Using yeast culture as additives in ruminant feed prevents rumen microbial dysbiosis,enhances performance,and regulates rumen pH.The yeast culture used in this study was developed in-house,and has been shown to promote rumen epithelial growth in several sheep trials.Changes in protein expression associated with the promotion of rumen epithelial development following the addition of yeast culture,along with the associated molecular mechanisms,remain unknown.We used 2045-day-old weaned lambs to investigate the specific proteins and molecular mechanisms involved in these processes.Half of the lambs were fed yeast culture,and the other half were used as controls.Results Yeast culture enhanced growth performance,facilitated rumen fermentation,and promoted rumen papilla development in weaned lambs.Proteomics data identified 4,831 proteins in the rumen epithelial tissue of lambs,comprising 87 upregulated and 425 downregulated proteins.Administration of yeast culture activated multiple molecular functions within rumen epithelial cells,including oxidative phosphorylation,glutathione metabolism,apoptosis,cell cycle,and vitamin digestion and absorption.The expression of proteins associated with cell cycle regulation increased,whereas those associated with apoptosis decreased.Administration of yeast culture also reduced the duration of the G0/G1 phase of rumen epithelial cells and accelerated the cell cycle.Furthermore,yeast culture showed increased cyclin D1,cyclin-dependent kinase(CDK)2,CDK4,CDK6,and cyclin E1 expressions and decreased cytochrome C(Cyto-c),Bcl-2-related X protein(Bax),cleaved caspase 3(C-caspase 3),caspase 3,and cleaved caspase 7(C-caspase 7)protein expressions.Yeast culture upregulated the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor(IGF-1R)and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5(IGFBP-5)mRNA expressions in rumen epithelial cells.Conclusions Yeast culture facilitates rumen epithelial development by regulating the cell cycle and IGF-1 signaling and reducing the expression of proteins associated with apoptosis in rumen epithelial cells.The findings of this study provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms through which yeast culture promotes rumen epithelial development in weaned lambs.展开更多
Alcoholic liver disease(ALD)is one of the major global public health problems.Yeast extract(YE),a product prepared from yeast,has been proven to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.However,the potential ...Alcoholic liver disease(ALD)is one of the major global public health problems.Yeast extract(YE),a product prepared from yeast,has been proven to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.However,the potential role of YE in the prevention of ALD remains unclear.The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of YE on ALD and explore the underlying mechanism based on gut microbiota.The result showed that YE supplementation significantly ameliorated chronic alcohol exposure-induced liver injury in mice.In addition,YE counteracted alcohol-induced gut dysbiosis,intestinal barrier dysfunction,lipopolysaccharide(LPS)leakage-induced inflammatory response in the liver.Moreover,microbiota depletion by a broad-spectrum antibiotic was sufficient to block the protective effect of YE on ALD,indicating the contribution of gut dysbiosis modulation to the hepatoprotective role of YE.Furthermore,we demonstrated the causal relationship between gut microbiota and hepatoprotective effects of YE with the fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)experiment.Compared with the ALD-FMT mice,gut dysbiosis,intestinal barrier dysfunction,LPS/TLR4 signaling pathway activation,and liver inflammatory response were significantly improved in the YE-FMT mice.Together,our findings highlight that dietary YE protects against ALD through gut dysbiosis correction.展开更多
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)is the most causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD).Red yeast rice(RYR)is a nutraceutical widely used as a lipid-lowering dietary supplement.The m...Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)is the most causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD).Red yeast rice(RYR)is a nutraceutical widely used as a lipid-lowering dietary supplement.The main cholesterol-lower agents in RYR are monacolins,particularly monacolin K,a weak reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase,whose daily consumption(up to 10 mg/day)reduces LDL-C plasma levels up to 34%within 6-8 weeks when compared to placebo.The reduction in LDL-C is often accompanied by lower levels of plasma apolipoprotein B,total cholesterol,matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and blood pressure.RYR has also demonstrated favorable reductions of up to 45%compared to placebo in the risk of ASCVD events in secondary prevention studies.The mechanism of action is similar to statins.When consumed appropriately,RYR is associated with only minimal side effects.Mild myalgia may be seen in patients who cannot tolerate low-dose statins.In individuals with no additional ASCVD risk factors,RYR is a safe and effective supplement in treating mild to moderate hyperlipidemia.展开更多
Yeast-based models have become a powerful platform in pharmaceutical research,offering significant potential for producing complex drugs,vaccines,and therapeutic agents.While many current drugs were discovered before ...Yeast-based models have become a powerful platform in pharmaceutical research,offering significant potential for producing complex drugs,vaccines,and therapeutic agents.While many current drugs were discovered before fully understanding their molecular mechanisms,yeast systems now provide valuable insights for drug discovery and personalized medicine.Recent advancements in genetic engineering,metabolic engineering,and synthetic biology have improved the efficiency and scalability of yeast-based production systems,enabling more sustainable and cost-effective manufacturing processes.This paper reviews the latest developments in yeast-based technologies,focusing on their use as model organisms to study disease mechanisms,identify drug targets,and develop novel therapies.We highlight key platforms such as the yeast two-hybrid system,surface display technologies,and optimized expression systems.Additionally,we explore the future integration of yeast engineering with artificial intelligence(AI),machine learning(ML),and advanced genome editing technologies like CRISPR/Cas9,which are expected to accelerate drug discovery and enable personalized therapies.Furthermore,yeast-based systems are increasingly employed in largescale drug production,vaccine development,and therapeutic protein expression,offering promising applications in clinical and industrial settings.This paper discusses the practical implications of these systems and their potential to revolutionize drug development,paving the way for safer,more effective therapies.展开更多
In this study,we utilized gene knockout and overexpression techniques to generate brewer's yeast strains with either a deletion or overexpression of the fatty acyl-CoA oxidase(POX1)gene.The strains studied include...In this study,we utilized gene knockout and overexpression techniques to generate brewer's yeast strains with either a deletion or overexpression of the fatty acyl-CoA oxidase(POX1)gene.The strains studied included the parental strain,the POX1 deletion strain,and the POX1 overexpression strain.These strains were exposed to iso-αacid from hops at a concentration of 300 mg/L,leading to the induction of a viable but nonculturable(VBNC)state.Our results indicated that the silencing of the POX1 gene rendered brewer's yeast cells unable to withstand the high concentration of iso-αacid stress,ultimately leading to cell death.Conversely,the overexpression of POX1 accelerated the transition of yeast cells into the VBNC state compared to the parental strain.Furthermore,we evaluated the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS),catalase(CAT)activity,superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,glutathione reductase(GR)activity,and the m RNA expression of genes that regulate these enzymes(the stress-inducible yeast Mpv17(SYM1)gene,CTA1,SOD1,and glutathione reductase(GLR1)gene)in brewer's yeast cells at three distinct stages:normal,short-term stress,and VBNC states.Based on these findings,it can be inferred that the formation of the VBNC state in brewer's yeast is associated with the response to oxidative stress.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32302774)Beijing Innovation Consortium of Agriculture Research System(BAIC04)+1 种基金China Agriculture Research System(CARS-40)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Feed Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAASIFR-ZDRW202402).
文摘Background Organic selenium(Se)has gained recognition in poultry nutrition as a feed additive to boost production and Se deposition in eggs and tissues,owing to its high bioavailability,efficient tissue accumulation and minimal toxicity.Selenium-enriched yeast(SeY)is a well-established source,while selenium-enriched lactobacilli(SeL),a newer alternative,offers the added benefits of probiotics.This study examined the effects of SeY and SeL on egg quality,antioxidant capacity,Se deposition,and gut health in laying hens.After a two-week pre-treatment with a Sedeficient diet(SeD),450 Hy-Line Brown laying hens(30-week-old)were assigned into five dietary groups with six replicates of 15 hens each.The groups included a SeD,SeD supplemented with 1.5 mg Se/kg from SeY(SeY15),or 1.5,3.0,and 6.0 mg Se/kg from SeL(SeL15,SeL30,SeL60).The feeding trial lasted for 12 weeks.Results SeY15 and SeL15 improved the feed-to-egg ratio(P<0.05)in the latter stages.Haugh units were significantly increased(P<0.05)in the SeY15 and SeL30 groups,while darker yolk color(P<0.05)was observed in the SeY15,SeL15,and SeL60 groups.All Se-supplemented diets increased Se content in whole eggs,albumen,and yolk(P<0.05),while SeL groups showed a dose-dependent effect.Antioxidant enzyme activities increased,and MDA content decreased in the serum(P<0.05),with SeY15 showing the highest GSH-Px levels(P<0.05).SeL60 increased serum alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase,and distorted the liver architecture(P<0.05).Se-diets reduced concentrations of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the ileum and liver(P<0.05).SeL15 improved the ileal villus height-tocrypt depth ratio(P<0.05).SeY15 and/or SeL15 up-regulated TXNRD1 and SEPHS1 mRNA while down-regulating SCLY expression in the liver.SeY15 altered ileal microbiota by increasing both beneficial and pathogenic bacteria,whereas SeL15 predominantly boosted beneficial bacteria.Conclusion SeL integrates the antioxidant properties of organic Se with the probiotic benefits on gut health,resulting in a performance-enhancing effect comparable to that of SeY.However,high SeL level(6.0 mg Se/kg)compromised productivity and metabolic functions while enhancing Se deposition.
基金"ASSO-Alimentazione Suina SOstenibile”funded by Regione Lombardia“One Health Action Hub:University Task Force for the resilience of territorial ecosystems”,funded by University of Milan-PSR 2021-GSA-Linea 6。
文摘Selenium(Se)is an essential micronutrient that plays an important role in animal and human development and physiological homoeostasis.This review surveys the role of Se in the environment,plants and animal bodies,and discusses data on Se biofortification with different sources of supplementation,from inorganic to organic forms,with special focus on Se-enriched yeast(Se-yeast).Although Se-yeast remains one of the main sources of organic Se,other emerging and innovative sources are reviewed,such as Se-enriched insects and Se-nanoparticles and their potential use in animal nutrition.Se-enriched insects are discussed as an option for supplying Se in organic form to livestock diets.Se-nanoparticles are also discussed,as they represent a more biocompatible and less toxic source of inorganic Se for animal organisms,compared to selenite and selenate.We also provide up to date information on the legal framework in the EU,USA,and Canada of Se that is contained in feed additives.From the scientific evidence available in the literature,it can be concluded that among the inorganic forms,sodium selenite is still one of the main options,whereas Se-yeast remains the primary organic form.However,other potential sources such as Se-enriched insects and Se-nanoparticles are being investigated as they could potentially combine a high bioavailability and reduced Se emissions in the environment.
基金financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32102016)the Taishan Industrial Experts Program,Beijing Postdoctoral Research Foundation(2323ZZ122).
文摘The increase in human population has led to imminent pressures to develop new edible proteins with decreased environmental footprints.The most promising approach involves the production of single cell protein(SCP)from yeasts,which have been utilized in a wide variety of foods for thousands of years.In this study,102 yeast strains isolated from traditional fermented pork(Nanx Wudl)were investigated for their potential as SCP producer for the first time.Based on preliminary screening,Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y70 and Candida parapsilosis H5Y13,both showing high protein content and excellent growth capability,were selected for further analysis via 4D-DIA proteomics technology.Proteomic analysis indicated that the oxidative metabolism pathways,including TCA cycle,oxidative phosphorylation and pentose phosphate pathway,may have a significant impact on global protein synthesis and production.This study provides useful information for selecting SCP-producing yeast from Chinese fermented meat products and contribute to a deeper understanding of the underlying metabolic mechanisms behind global protein synthesis in yeast.Furthermore,these findings also provide potential molecular targets for genetic engineering modifications in yeast,aimed at constructing highly efficient cell factories for protein production.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81872917 and 81741164)。
文摘The objective of this study was to verify the protective effect of Bifidobacterium longum(BL) and the synergistical effect of Selenium and BL on alcohol plus high fat diet(HFD) induced hepatic injury in mice. We also want to explore the mechanism of Selenium-enriched Bifidobacterium longum(Se BL). C57 BL/6 mice were treated with alcohol plus HFD with or without different dosage of BL or Se BL for 4 weeks. Serum levels of ALT, AST, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, FFAs, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, hepatic MDA level, SOD activity, the m RNA levels of AMPK, PPAR-α and SREBP1 were invested. Se BL inhibited lipid accumulation in hepatocytes;reduced serum AST and ALT levels;improved dyslipidemia;decreased serum FFAs, TC, TG and LDL-C levels. Se BL also inhibited alcohol plus HFD-induced hepatocyte oxidative stress through decrease in hepatic MDA levels and increase in SOD activity. Se BL also regulated lipid metabolism related genes such as AMPK, PPAR-α and SREBP1. Although BL had similar effect as Se BL, Se BL is more effective than BL. Se BL protected mice from alcohol plus HFD-induced hepatic injury in mice because of its inhibitory effect on hepatocellular oxidative stress, lipogenesis and inflammation. Selenium enhanced the protective effect of BL.
基金financial sponsored by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFC1604405)Fund of Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Plant Germplasm Resources(No.17DZ2252700)Research on the health function of tea and deep-processed products in preventing metabolic diseases(No.C-6105-20-074)。
文摘High-salt diet is well recognized as a risk factor for hypertension,and dietary intervention plays a critical role in the prevention of hypertension.The current study investigated the effects of selenium-enriched green tea(Se-GT)and ordinary green tea(GT)on prevention of hypertension of rats induced by high-salt diet,as well as their potential regulatory and mechanism.Our results showed that GT and Se-GT supplementations significantly prevented the increase of blood pressure(BP),activated the phosphoinosmde-3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt)signaling pathway,and regulated the gene expression related to BP,as well as improved the tissue damage like heart,liver,and kidneys.Besides,the key parameters associated with oxidative stress,inflammation and endothelial dysfunction were also altered by GT and Se-GT treatments.Importantly,GT or Se-GT administration adjusted the diversity and composition of the intestinal flora.Moreover,GT and Se-GT supplementations increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria and reduced the abundance of harmful or conditional pathogenic bacteria.More specifically,GT intake specifically and significantly enriched the relative abundance of Paraprevotella and Bacteroides,whereas Se-GT was characterized by specific and significant enrichment for Allobaculum and Bifidobacterium.Our results proved that dietary supplement of GT and Se-GT remarkably improved the vascular functions and effectively prevented tissue damage by regulation of intestinal flora,and thus preventing hypertension induced by high-salt diet.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD1100202)Shaanxi Social Science Fund Program of China(2018S30)Shaanxi Undergraduate Innovation Planning Project of China(201829041).
文摘As an important symbol of agricultural and sideline products in Ankang City,selenium-enriched tea affects the development of regional agricultural and sideline industries.In this paper,the development status and problems of the selenium-enriched tea products of Ankang were analyzed in terms of capital,technology,management and sales mode.This research is of positive significance to the development of selenium-enriched products and other agricultural and sideline products of health value,and plays a very important role in promoting the cultivation of village-level characteristic industries and the effective realization of targeted poverty alleviation.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Major Project of Guangxi(Guike AA17202026)Program for Scientific Research and Technology Development in Xixiangtant District of Nanning City(201710304)+7 种基金the Special Fund for the Innovation-Driven Development in Guangxi(Guike AA17202019-4&AA17202019)the Science and Technology Development Fund of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Guinongke 2017JM03)the Program for the Scientific Research and Technology Development in Guangxi(Guikehe415104001-22)the Fundamental Research Funds for Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Guinongke 2017YZ03)the Key Research and Development Program of Guangxi(Guike AB16380088)the Experiment Station for Selenium Featured Crops in Guangxi(Gui TS2016011)the Key Research and Development Program of Qingxiu District,Guangxi(2016039)the Scientific and Technological Transformative Project of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(NO.2017NZ04)
文摘[Objectives] The aims were to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins from selenium-enriched rice in Guangxi and provide references for the intensive processing and comprehensive utilization of selenium protein resources. [Methods]Selenium-enriched rice was used as materials to extract selenoproteins by phosphate buffer extraction method and to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins by using the orthogonal experiment. Proteins and selenium content was measured by Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 reagent and AFS（ atomic fluorescence spectrometry） respectively. [Results] The most significant factor affecting extraction of rice Selenoproteins was extraction NaO H concentration,followed by the ratio of solid-liquid,temperature and then extraction time. The optimum extraction conditions of selenoproteins from rice were extraction temperature of 50 ℃,NaO H concentration of 0. 14 mol/L,extraction time of 5 h,and solid-liquid ratio of 1∶ 30. [Conclusions]The alkali extraction process optimized by orthogonal test could effectively improve the extraction rate of selenoproteins,and the optimized process parameters could be popularized and applied in practical production.
文摘Selenium is an essential trace element for human health.Eating selenium-enriched eggs is conducive to easily and effectively solving the problem of selenium deficiency.In the production process of selenium-enriched eggs,different selenium sources,additive doses,feeding time,and the addition of other vitamins,trace elements,and methionine in the diet will influence the deposition of selenium in eggs.Through this review,it is intended to provide a reference for the practical,safe and economical production of selenium-enriched eggs.
基金Supported by Key Science and Technology Project for Innovation-driven Development of Guangxi"High Efficient and Safe Use of Selenium-enriched Soil Resources"(2017AA19015)Scientific Research and Technological Development Program Project of Guangxi Province(Gui Ke He 415104001-22)+2 种基金Key Research and Development Program of Guangxi(Gui Ke AB16380088 and Gui Ke AB16380164)Scientific Research and Technological Development Program Project of Nanning City(20152054-13)Scientific Research and Technological Development Program of Xixiangtang District of Nanning City(2015312)
文摘Taking Scientific Outlook on Development as the guiding principle,this paper introduced the principles of innovation,coordination,green,openness and sharing. Based on gifted advantages of selenium-enriched soil and selenium-enriched industry development in Guangxi,it discussed current practice,stressed green,ecological,characteristic demonstration,transformation and upgrading,and targeted poverty alleviation. Finally,it came up with perspective,practical,and operational strategies and recommendations for development of selenium-enriched industry,to provide reference for sustainable development of selenium-enriched functional industry in Guangxi.
文摘In order to improve the added value of the main vegetable products in Qinghai Province,we researched the effect of soil selenium content on vegetable quality in selenium-enriched area of Qinghai. Through the analysis of Qinghai selenium-enriched soil selenium content and5 kinds of main vegetables corresponds to the total selenium,part of the mineral elements and soluble sugar and VC content,the effects of soil selenium levels on selenium absorption and nourishment quality of vegetables were researched. The results showed that he Qinghai selenium-enriched soil selenium content in the range of 100. 00-563. 00 μg/kg,among them,the soil samples with sufficient selenium and rich selenium accounted for 76. 53% and 18. 88%,respectively. Soil selenium content of garlic sampling area was relatively high,and soil selenium content of sugar beet sampling area was relatively low. Vegetable selenium content was in the range of 11. 00-340. 94 μg/kg,the average content of total selenium content of garlic was up to 170. 40 μg/kg,and the average content of the total selenium content of radish is 73. 00 μg/kg.90. 63% of the vegetables in the region reached the level of sufficient selenium,and 70. 31% reached the level of selenium enrichment. The average content of Ca and Mg was higher than the national average. There was no significant correlation between selenium content of soil and vegetable and nutritional quality.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32172774)the Key Research and Development and Promotion of Special(Science and Technology)Project of Henan Province(No.242102110018).
文摘Background It is important to promote intestinal development and maturation of chicks for feed digestion and utilization,intestinal health,and disease resistance.This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary yeast cell wall polysaccharides(YCWP)addition on intestinal development and maturation of chickens and its potential action mechanism.Methods 180 one-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were randomly assigned to three groups containing control(basal diets without any antibiotics or anticoccidial drug),bacitracin methylene disalicylate(BMD)-treated group(50 mg/kg)and YCWP-supplemented group(100 mg/kg).Results Compared with control group,in-feed antibiotic BMD continuous administration significantly decreased crypt depth(d 21)and villus height(d 42)along with mucosal maltase activity(d 42)in the ileum(P<0.05).Also,BMD markedly downregulated gene expression levels ofβ-catenin,lysozyme,occludin and FABP-2(d 21)and innate immune related genes CD83 and MHC-I mRNA levels(d 42,P<0.05),and decreased goblet cell counts in the ileum of chickens(d 21 and d 42,P<0.05).While,TLR-2,TLR-6 and iNOS mRNA abundances were notably upregulated by BMD treatment(d 42,P<0.05).Nevertheless,dietary YCWP addition significantly increased the ratio of villus height to crypt depth(d 21),villus surface area(d 21 and d 42),ileal alkaline phosphatase and maltase activities as well as goblet cell(d 21 and d 42)and IgA-producing plasma cell numbers as compared to BMD treatment(d 21,P<0.05).YCWP addition also upregulated gene expression levels of Lgr5,Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway related gene(Wnt3,β-catenin,d 21;β-catenin,d 42),intestinal cells proliferation marker Ki-67 and barrier function related genes(occludin,d 21 and d 42,P<0.05).Moreover,YCWP significantly increased antigen presenting cell marker related genes(MHC-II,d 21;CD83 and MHC-I,d 42),TLR-1,TLR-2 and TLR-6 mRNA levels(d 21,P<0.05).Cecal microbiome analysis showed that YCWP addition obviously improved cecal microbial composition,as indicated by increasing relative abundance of Fournierella,Psychrobacter and Ruminiclostridium on d 21,and Alistipes and Lactobacillus on d 42,which were positively related with gut development and maturation related indexes(P<0.05).Conclusion Collectively, YCWP promoted yet antibiotic BMD delayed intestinal morphological and immunologicaldevelopment linked with modulating gut microbiome in chickens.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFE0100400)Science and Technology Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2020GG0036)+2 种基金Basic Scientific Research Business Project of Universities directly under the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(BR22-11-17)National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy(2023-JSGG-5)the Special Project for Improving the Research Ability of Young Teachers of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University(BR220133).
文摘Background Using yeast culture as additives in ruminant feed prevents rumen microbial dysbiosis,enhances performance,and regulates rumen pH.The yeast culture used in this study was developed in-house,and has been shown to promote rumen epithelial growth in several sheep trials.Changes in protein expression associated with the promotion of rumen epithelial development following the addition of yeast culture,along with the associated molecular mechanisms,remain unknown.We used 2045-day-old weaned lambs to investigate the specific proteins and molecular mechanisms involved in these processes.Half of the lambs were fed yeast culture,and the other half were used as controls.Results Yeast culture enhanced growth performance,facilitated rumen fermentation,and promoted rumen papilla development in weaned lambs.Proteomics data identified 4,831 proteins in the rumen epithelial tissue of lambs,comprising 87 upregulated and 425 downregulated proteins.Administration of yeast culture activated multiple molecular functions within rumen epithelial cells,including oxidative phosphorylation,glutathione metabolism,apoptosis,cell cycle,and vitamin digestion and absorption.The expression of proteins associated with cell cycle regulation increased,whereas those associated with apoptosis decreased.Administration of yeast culture also reduced the duration of the G0/G1 phase of rumen epithelial cells and accelerated the cell cycle.Furthermore,yeast culture showed increased cyclin D1,cyclin-dependent kinase(CDK)2,CDK4,CDK6,and cyclin E1 expressions and decreased cytochrome C(Cyto-c),Bcl-2-related X protein(Bax),cleaved caspase 3(C-caspase 3),caspase 3,and cleaved caspase 7(C-caspase 7)protein expressions.Yeast culture upregulated the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor(IGF-1R)and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5(IGFBP-5)mRNA expressions in rumen epithelial cells.Conclusions Yeast culture facilitates rumen epithelial development by regulating the cell cycle and IGF-1 signaling and reducing the expression of proteins associated with apoptosis in rumen epithelial cells.The findings of this study provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms through which yeast culture promotes rumen epithelial development in weaned lambs.
基金supported by Angel Nutritech Nutrition Fund(AF2021003)。
文摘Alcoholic liver disease(ALD)is one of the major global public health problems.Yeast extract(YE),a product prepared from yeast,has been proven to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.However,the potential role of YE in the prevention of ALD remains unclear.The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of YE on ALD and explore the underlying mechanism based on gut microbiota.The result showed that YE supplementation significantly ameliorated chronic alcohol exposure-induced liver injury in mice.In addition,YE counteracted alcohol-induced gut dysbiosis,intestinal barrier dysfunction,lipopolysaccharide(LPS)leakage-induced inflammatory response in the liver.Moreover,microbiota depletion by a broad-spectrum antibiotic was sufficient to block the protective effect of YE on ALD,indicating the contribution of gut dysbiosis modulation to the hepatoprotective role of YE.Furthermore,we demonstrated the causal relationship between gut microbiota and hepatoprotective effects of YE with the fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)experiment.Compared with the ALD-FMT mice,gut dysbiosis,intestinal barrier dysfunction,LPS/TLR4 signaling pathway activation,and liver inflammatory response were significantly improved in the YE-FMT mice.Together,our findings highlight that dietary YE protects against ALD through gut dysbiosis correction.
文摘Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)is the most causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD).Red yeast rice(RYR)is a nutraceutical widely used as a lipid-lowering dietary supplement.The main cholesterol-lower agents in RYR are monacolins,particularly monacolin K,a weak reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase,whose daily consumption(up to 10 mg/day)reduces LDL-C plasma levels up to 34%within 6-8 weeks when compared to placebo.The reduction in LDL-C is often accompanied by lower levels of plasma apolipoprotein B,total cholesterol,matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and blood pressure.RYR has also demonstrated favorable reductions of up to 45%compared to placebo in the risk of ASCVD events in secondary prevention studies.The mechanism of action is similar to statins.When consumed appropriately,RYR is associated with only minimal side effects.Mild myalgia may be seen in patients who cannot tolerate low-dose statins.In individuals with no additional ASCVD risk factors,RYR is a safe and effective supplement in treating mild to moderate hyperlipidemia.
基金funded by 2024 Scientific Research Project of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College(No.ygzrc2024101)Chongqing Education Commission Natural Science Foundation(No.KJQN202402821)+2 种基金Chongqing Shapingba District Science and Technology Bureau Project(No.2024071)2024 Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College Innovation Research Group Project(No.ygz2024401)Chongqing Science and Health Joint Medical Research Project(No.2024SQKWLHMS051),respectively.
文摘Yeast-based models have become a powerful platform in pharmaceutical research,offering significant potential for producing complex drugs,vaccines,and therapeutic agents.While many current drugs were discovered before fully understanding their molecular mechanisms,yeast systems now provide valuable insights for drug discovery and personalized medicine.Recent advancements in genetic engineering,metabolic engineering,and synthetic biology have improved the efficiency and scalability of yeast-based production systems,enabling more sustainable and cost-effective manufacturing processes.This paper reviews the latest developments in yeast-based technologies,focusing on their use as model organisms to study disease mechanisms,identify drug targets,and develop novel therapies.We highlight key platforms such as the yeast two-hybrid system,surface display technologies,and optimized expression systems.Additionally,we explore the future integration of yeast engineering with artificial intelligence(AI),machine learning(ML),and advanced genome editing technologies like CRISPR/Cas9,which are expected to accelerate drug discovery and enable personalized therapies.Furthermore,yeast-based systems are increasingly employed in largescale drug production,vaccine development,and therapeutic protein expression,offering promising applications in clinical and industrial settings.This paper discusses the practical implications of these systems and their potential to revolutionize drug development,paving the way for safer,more effective therapies.
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272279)the Key R&D project of Shandong Province(2023CXPT007)the Key R&D project of Qingdao Science and Technology Plan(22-3-3-hygg-29-hy)。
文摘In this study,we utilized gene knockout and overexpression techniques to generate brewer's yeast strains with either a deletion or overexpression of the fatty acyl-CoA oxidase(POX1)gene.The strains studied included the parental strain,the POX1 deletion strain,and the POX1 overexpression strain.These strains were exposed to iso-αacid from hops at a concentration of 300 mg/L,leading to the induction of a viable but nonculturable(VBNC)state.Our results indicated that the silencing of the POX1 gene rendered brewer's yeast cells unable to withstand the high concentration of iso-αacid stress,ultimately leading to cell death.Conversely,the overexpression of POX1 accelerated the transition of yeast cells into the VBNC state compared to the parental strain.Furthermore,we evaluated the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS),catalase(CAT)activity,superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,glutathione reductase(GR)activity,and the m RNA expression of genes that regulate these enzymes(the stress-inducible yeast Mpv17(SYM1)gene,CTA1,SOD1,and glutathione reductase(GLR1)gene)in brewer's yeast cells at three distinct stages:normal,short-term stress,and VBNC states.Based on these findings,it can be inferred that the formation of the VBNC state in brewer's yeast is associated with the response to oxidative stress.
