Background Organic selenium(Se)has gained recognition in poultry nutrition as a feed additive to boost production and Se deposition in eggs and tissues,owing to its high bioavailability,efficient tissue accumulation a...Background Organic selenium(Se)has gained recognition in poultry nutrition as a feed additive to boost production and Se deposition in eggs and tissues,owing to its high bioavailability,efficient tissue accumulation and minimal toxicity.Selenium-enriched yeast(SeY)is a well-established source,while selenium-enriched lactobacilli(SeL),a newer alternative,offers the added benefits of probiotics.This study examined the effects of SeY and SeL on egg quality,antioxidant capacity,Se deposition,and gut health in laying hens.After a two-week pre-treatment with a Sedeficient diet(SeD),450 Hy-Line Brown laying hens(30-week-old)were assigned into five dietary groups with six replicates of 15 hens each.The groups included a SeD,SeD supplemented with 1.5 mg Se/kg from SeY(SeY15),or 1.5,3.0,and 6.0 mg Se/kg from SeL(SeL15,SeL30,SeL60).The feeding trial lasted for 12 weeks.Results SeY15 and SeL15 improved the feed-to-egg ratio(P<0.05)in the latter stages.Haugh units were significantly increased(P<0.05)in the SeY15 and SeL30 groups,while darker yolk color(P<0.05)was observed in the SeY15,SeL15,and SeL60 groups.All Se-supplemented diets increased Se content in whole eggs,albumen,and yolk(P<0.05),while SeL groups showed a dose-dependent effect.Antioxidant enzyme activities increased,and MDA content decreased in the serum(P<0.05),with SeY15 showing the highest GSH-Px levels(P<0.05).SeL60 increased serum alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase,and distorted the liver architecture(P<0.05).Se-diets reduced concentrations of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the ileum and liver(P<0.05).SeL15 improved the ileal villus height-tocrypt depth ratio(P<0.05).SeY15 and/or SeL15 up-regulated TXNRD1 and SEPHS1 mRNA while down-regulating SCLY expression in the liver.SeY15 altered ileal microbiota by increasing both beneficial and pathogenic bacteria,whereas SeL15 predominantly boosted beneficial bacteria.Conclusion SeL integrates the antioxidant properties of organic Se with the probiotic benefits on gut health,resulting in a performance-enhancing effect comparable to that of SeY.However,high SeL level(6.0 mg Se/kg)compromised productivity and metabolic functions while enhancing Se deposition.展开更多
Flavonoids are crucial secondary metabolites widely distributed in plants,playing vital roles in diverse biological processes.Although the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway has been extensively characterized,the transcri...Flavonoids are crucial secondary metabolites widely distributed in plants,playing vital roles in diverse biological processes.Although the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway has been extensively characterized,the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood.In this study,we identify the miR166–ATHB14-LIKE module comprising the miR166 and its target gene ATHB14-LIKE as a key regulator of flavonoid biosynthesis in soybean(Glycine max).Knockdown of miR166 or overexpression of ATHB14-LIKE upregulated multiple flavonoid biosynthesis genes,leading to increased flavonoid accumulation.Conversely,miR166 overexpression suppressed these genes and reduced flavonoid levels.We further show that ATHB14-LIKE directly activates specific flavonoid biosynthesis genes by binding to their promoters.Additionally,ATHB14-LIKE forms homodimers and heterodimers with homologous proteins to regulate downstream flavonoid biosynthesis genes.Together,our findings demonstrate that the miR166–ATHB14-LIKE module controls soybean flavonoid content by coordinating the expression of key biosynthetic genes.展开更多
Background The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of different dietary soybean meal(SBM)levels on jejunal immunity in nursery pigs at different days post-weaning.Methods Forty-eight pigs(6.2±0...Background The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of different dietary soybean meal(SBM)levels on jejunal immunity in nursery pigs at different days post-weaning.Methods Forty-eight pigs(6.2±0.3 kg),weaned at 21 days of age,were assigned to 2 dietary treatments(n=12)in a randomized complete block design and fed for 20 or 42 d in 3 phases(10,10,and 22 d,respectively).The dietary treatments consisted of low and high SBM diets.On d 20 and 42,jejunal mucosa and tissue samples were collected.Treatments were arranged in 2×2 factors with dietary SBM levels(low and high SBM diets)and days post-weaning(20 d and 42 d post-weaning).Results Pigs fed high SBM diets had greater(P<0.05)relative abundance(RA)of jejunal Prevotella,tended to have greater(P=0.091)jejunal IgA,had greater(P<0.05)crypt depth,and tended to have lower(P=0.064)villus height to crypt depth ratio(VH:CD)than pigs fed low SBM diets.Pigs at 20 d post-weaning had greater(P<0.05)RA of jejunal Lactobacillus and had greater(P<0.05)jejunal IL-8 and protein carbonyl than pigs at 42 d post-weaning.Pigs at 20 d post-weaning tended to have greater(P=0.090)jejunal IgG,tended to have lower(P=0.059)jejunal IgA,and had greater(P<0.05)proportion(%)of Ki-67+cells in the jejunal crypt than pigs at 42 d post-weaning.Conclusion Pigs fed high SBM diets showed greater RA of Staphylococcus,a greater immune response,and a decreased VH:CD in the jejunum than pigs fed low SBM diets.Pigs at 20 d post-weaning were more susceptible to jejunal inflammation and intestinal damage than pigs at 42 d post-weaning,but the negative impacts of high SBM diets on jejunal inflammation and intestinal damage were consistent compared to low SBM diets at 20 d and 42 d post-weaning.展开更多
Plants encounter dynamic light environments in natural field conditions,and species differ in their physiological and biochemical mechanisms for acclimating to fluctuating light(FL).The manner in which soybean(Glycine...Plants encounter dynamic light environments in natural field conditions,and species differ in their physiological and biochemical mechanisms for acclimating to fluctuating light(FL).The manner in which soybean(Glycine max(L.) Merr.) coordinates multiple physiological adjustments to FL remains poorly understood.This study assessed the effects of FL on soybean morphology and photosynthetic traits by examining changes in photosynthetic gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll(Chl) a fluorescence under alternating high-and low-light conditions.Results indicated that soybeans exposed to FL exhibited reduced dry matter accumulation,smaller and thinner leaves,and a lower Chl a/Chl b levels-characteristics typically associated with plants grown under continuous low-light.Despite these morphological similarities,their photosynthetic gas exchange rates and photosynthetic capacity were maintained at levels comparable to those under steady high light,unlike plants grown under constant low-light.Thus,acclimation to FL is distinct from adaptation to sustained low-light conditions.Correlation analyses revealed that the decline in carbon assimilation under FL primarily stemmed from two factors:the slow recovery of stomatal conductance upon transition to high light and the delayed relaxation of nonphotochemical quenching when light intensity decreased.Therefore,the reduction in carbon assimilation under FL cannot be attributed to low-light phase adjustments but rather reflects a lag in photosynthetic responsiveness to changing light conditions.展开更多
The objective of this study was to verify the protective effect of Bifidobacterium longum(BL) and the synergistical effect of Selenium and BL on alcohol plus high fat diet(HFD) induced hepatic injury in mice. We also ...The objective of this study was to verify the protective effect of Bifidobacterium longum(BL) and the synergistical effect of Selenium and BL on alcohol plus high fat diet(HFD) induced hepatic injury in mice. We also want to explore the mechanism of Selenium-enriched Bifidobacterium longum(Se BL). C57 BL/6 mice were treated with alcohol plus HFD with or without different dosage of BL or Se BL for 4 weeks. Serum levels of ALT, AST, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, FFAs, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, hepatic MDA level, SOD activity, the m RNA levels of AMPK, PPAR-α and SREBP1 were invested. Se BL inhibited lipid accumulation in hepatocytes;reduced serum AST and ALT levels;improved dyslipidemia;decreased serum FFAs, TC, TG and LDL-C levels. Se BL also inhibited alcohol plus HFD-induced hepatocyte oxidative stress through decrease in hepatic MDA levels and increase in SOD activity. Se BL also regulated lipid metabolism related genes such as AMPK, PPAR-α and SREBP1. Although BL had similar effect as Se BL, Se BL is more effective than BL. Se BL protected mice from alcohol plus HFD-induced hepatic injury in mice because of its inhibitory effect on hepatocellular oxidative stress, lipogenesis and inflammation. Selenium enhanced the protective effect of BL.展开更多
High-salt diet is well recognized as a risk factor for hypertension,and dietary intervention plays a critical role in the prevention of hypertension.The current study investigated the effects of selenium-enriched gree...High-salt diet is well recognized as a risk factor for hypertension,and dietary intervention plays a critical role in the prevention of hypertension.The current study investigated the effects of selenium-enriched green tea(Se-GT)and ordinary green tea(GT)on prevention of hypertension of rats induced by high-salt diet,as well as their potential regulatory and mechanism.Our results showed that GT and Se-GT supplementations significantly prevented the increase of blood pressure(BP),activated the phosphoinosmde-3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt)signaling pathway,and regulated the gene expression related to BP,as well as improved the tissue damage like heart,liver,and kidneys.Besides,the key parameters associated with oxidative stress,inflammation and endothelial dysfunction were also altered by GT and Se-GT treatments.Importantly,GT or Se-GT administration adjusted the diversity and composition of the intestinal flora.Moreover,GT and Se-GT supplementations increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria and reduced the abundance of harmful or conditional pathogenic bacteria.More specifically,GT intake specifically and significantly enriched the relative abundance of Paraprevotella and Bacteroides,whereas Se-GT was characterized by specific and significant enrichment for Allobaculum and Bifidobacterium.Our results proved that dietary supplement of GT and Se-GT remarkably improved the vascular functions and effectively prevented tissue damage by regulation of intestinal flora,and thus preventing hypertension induced by high-salt diet.展开更多
As an important symbol of agricultural and sideline products in Ankang City,selenium-enriched tea affects the development of regional agricultural and sideline industries.In this paper,the development status and probl...As an important symbol of agricultural and sideline products in Ankang City,selenium-enriched tea affects the development of regional agricultural and sideline industries.In this paper,the development status and problems of the selenium-enriched tea products of Ankang were analyzed in terms of capital,technology,management and sales mode.This research is of positive significance to the development of selenium-enriched products and other agricultural and sideline products of health value,and plays a very important role in promoting the cultivation of village-level characteristic industries and the effective realization of targeted poverty alleviation.展开更多
[Objectives] The aims were to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins from selenium-enriched rice in Guangxi and provide references for the intensive processing and comprehensive utilization of selenium prot...[Objectives] The aims were to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins from selenium-enriched rice in Guangxi and provide references for the intensive processing and comprehensive utilization of selenium protein resources. [Methods]Selenium-enriched rice was used as materials to extract selenoproteins by phosphate buffer extraction method and to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins by using the orthogonal experiment. Proteins and selenium content was measured by Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 reagent and AFS（ atomic fluorescence spectrometry） respectively. [Results] The most significant factor affecting extraction of rice Selenoproteins was extraction NaO H concentration,followed by the ratio of solid-liquid,temperature and then extraction time. The optimum extraction conditions of selenoproteins from rice were extraction temperature of 50 ℃,NaO H concentration of 0. 14 mol/L,extraction time of 5 h,and solid-liquid ratio of 1∶ 30. [Conclusions]The alkali extraction process optimized by orthogonal test could effectively improve the extraction rate of selenoproteins,and the optimized process parameters could be popularized and applied in practical production.展开更多
Selenium is an essential trace element for human health.Eating selenium-enriched eggs is conducive to easily and effectively solving the problem of selenium deficiency.In the production process of selenium-enriched eg...Selenium is an essential trace element for human health.Eating selenium-enriched eggs is conducive to easily and effectively solving the problem of selenium deficiency.In the production process of selenium-enriched eggs,different selenium sources,additive doses,feeding time,and the addition of other vitamins,trace elements,and methionine in the diet will influence the deposition of selenium in eggs.Through this review,it is intended to provide a reference for the practical,safe and economical production of selenium-enriched eggs.展开更多
To investigate the in vitro digestion and fermentation properties of soybean oligosaccharides(SBOS)extracted from defatted soybean meal,the changes in monosaccharide composition and molecular mass were analyzed.Subseq...To investigate the in vitro digestion and fermentation properties of soybean oligosaccharides(SBOS)extracted from defatted soybean meal,the changes in monosaccharide composition and molecular mass were analyzed.Subsequently,the effect of SBOS on microbial community structure and metabolites was studied by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomics based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.Results showed that SBOS was not easily enzymolyzed during simulated digestion and could reach the large intestine through the digestive system.The significant decrease in the molecular mass of SBOS after in vitro fermentation indicated its utilization by the gut microbiota,which increased the contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid,thereby reducing the pH of the fermentation broth.Moreover,the core community was found to consist of Blautia,Lactobacillaceae,and Pediococcus.SBOS up-regulated beneficial differential metabolites such as myo-inositol,lactose,and glucose,which were closely related to galactose,amino sugar,and nucleotide sugar metabolism.This study will provide a reference for exploring the relationship between the gut microbiota and the metabolites of SBOS,and provide a basis for the development and application of SBOS as an ingredient for functional products.展开更多
Taking Scientific Outlook on Development as the guiding principle,this paper introduced the principles of innovation,coordination,green,openness and sharing. Based on gifted advantages of selenium-enriched soil and se...Taking Scientific Outlook on Development as the guiding principle,this paper introduced the principles of innovation,coordination,green,openness and sharing. Based on gifted advantages of selenium-enriched soil and selenium-enriched industry development in Guangxi,it discussed current practice,stressed green,ecological,characteristic demonstration,transformation and upgrading,and targeted poverty alleviation. Finally,it came up with perspective,practical,and operational strategies and recommendations for development of selenium-enriched industry,to provide reference for sustainable development of selenium-enriched functional industry in Guangxi.展开更多
In order to improve the added value of the main vegetable products in Qinghai Province,we researched the effect of soil selenium content on vegetable quality in selenium-enriched area of Qinghai. Through the analysis ...In order to improve the added value of the main vegetable products in Qinghai Province,we researched the effect of soil selenium content on vegetable quality in selenium-enriched area of Qinghai. Through the analysis of Qinghai selenium-enriched soil selenium content and5 kinds of main vegetables corresponds to the total selenium,part of the mineral elements and soluble sugar and VC content,the effects of soil selenium levels on selenium absorption and nourishment quality of vegetables were researched. The results showed that he Qinghai selenium-enriched soil selenium content in the range of 100. 00-563. 00 μg/kg,among them,the soil samples with sufficient selenium and rich selenium accounted for 76. 53% and 18. 88%,respectively. Soil selenium content of garlic sampling area was relatively high,and soil selenium content of sugar beet sampling area was relatively low. Vegetable selenium content was in the range of 11. 00-340. 94 μg/kg,the average content of total selenium content of garlic was up to 170. 40 μg/kg,and the average content of the total selenium content of radish is 73. 00 μg/kg.90. 63% of the vegetables in the region reached the level of sufficient selenium,and 70. 31% reached the level of selenium enrichment. The average content of Ca and Mg was higher than the national average. There was no significant correlation between selenium content of soil and vegetable and nutritional quality.展开更多
Dense cropping increases crop yield but intensifies resource competition,which reduces single plant yield and limits potential yield growth.Optimizing canopy spacing could enhance resource utilization,support crop mor...Dense cropping increases crop yield but intensifies resource competition,which reduces single plant yield and limits potential yield growth.Optimizing canopy spacing could enhance resource utilization,support crop morphological development and increase yield.Here,a three-year study was performed to verify the feasibility of adjusting row spacing to further enhance yield in densely planted soybeans.Of three row-spacing configurations(40-40,20-40,and 20-60 cm)and two planting densities(normal 180,000 plants ha 1 and high 270,000 plants ha 1).The differences in canopy structure,plant morphological development,photosynthetic capacity and their impact on yield were analyzed.Row spacing configurations have a significant effect on canopy transmittance(CT).The 20-60 cm row spacing configuration increased CT and creates a favorable canopy light environment,in which plant height is reduced,while branching is promoted.This approach reduces plant competition,optimizes the developments of leaf area per plant,specific leaf area,leaf area development rate,leaf area duration and photosynthetic physiological indices(F_(v)/F_(m),ETR,P_(n)).The significant increase of 11.9%-34.2%in canopy apparent photosynthesis(CAP)is attributed to the significant optimization of plant growth and photosynthetic physiology through CT,an important contributing factor to yield increases.The yield in the 20-60 cm treatment is 4.0%higher than in equidistant planting under normal planting density,but 5.9%under high density,primarily driven by CAP and pod number.These findings suggest that suitable row spacing configurations optimize the light environment for plants,promote source-sink transformation in soybeans,and further improve yield.In practice,a 20-60 cm row spacing configuration could be employed for high-density soybean planting to achieve a more substantial yield gain.展开更多
Drought is one of the most severe environmental stresses affecting soybean growth and development,especially in arid and semi-arid areas.The aim of this experiment is to evaluate the effect of regulated deficit irriga...Drought is one of the most severe environmental stresses affecting soybean growth and development,especially in arid and semi-arid areas.The aim of this experiment is to evaluate the effect of regulated deficit irrigation during the vegetative stages on soybean plants and determine the amount irrigation water can be reduced without affecting the physiological parameters,the crop phenology,and the yield of the soybean crop.The field experiments were conducted during two irrigation crop seasons(2021 and 2022)in Louata,Morocco.The results showed that regulated deficit irrigation regimes during the vegetative stages was combined with high temperatures and low air humidities during the beginning of flowering and the pod filling stage during 2021 in comparison with 2022,especially for 25%CWR(crop water requirements).Regulated deficit irrigation regimes reduced the stomatal conductance by 46%and 52%respectively during the first and second growing seasons by limiting CO_(2) intake for the Calvin cycle.The stomata closure increased the leaf temperature and affected the functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus by damaging the chlorophyll pigments and impairment of electron transport chains in chloroplasts.The transition from regulated deficit irrigation to 100%CWR at the beginning of flowering(R1)compensated for the photosynthetic loss,improved the growth and development of soybean plants and enhanced the yield and its components for 50%and 75%CWR.The adaptative mechanism such as the remobilization of the carbon reserved in the stems and leaves(vegetative tissues)to the grains improved the grain yield by 36.7%during 2021 and by 32.2%during 2022 and.This consequently improved the water use efficiency,the water productivity of soybean for 50%and 75%CWR and contributed to water saving with an average of 60 mm per growing season.展开更多
Soybeans are the world’s most important source of plant protein and oil;yet how they evolved from wild vines has remained a mystery.Researchers have now found the missing piece-black soybeans served as the bridge bet...Soybeans are the world’s most important source of plant protein and oil;yet how they evolved from wild vines has remained a mystery.Researchers have now found the missing piece-black soybeans served as the bridge between wild plants and today’s yellow varieties.展开更多
Soybean meal(SBM)prepared by soybean crushing is the most popular protein source in the poultry and livestock industries(Cai et al.,2015)due to its economic manufacture,high protein content,and good nutritional value....Soybean meal(SBM)prepared by soybean crushing is the most popular protein source in the poultry and livestock industries(Cai et al.,2015)due to its economic manufacture,high protein content,and good nutritional value.Despite these benefits,SBM contains various antigen proteins such as glycinin andβ-conglycinin,which account for approximately 70%of the total proteins of the SBM and reduce digestibility and damage intestinal function(Peng et al.,2018).展开更多
Maize/soybean intercropping systems are commonly used in developing countries,but few studies have been performed to elucidate the differences in nutrient efficiency and rhizosphere microbiome,especially when maize is...Maize/soybean intercropping systems are commonly used in developing countries,but few studies have been performed to elucidate the differences in nutrient efficiency and rhizosphere microbiome,especially when maize is intercropped with different soybean varieties.In this study,field experiments were conducted to compare the growth and yield of two soybean(Glycine max)varieties,BD2 and YC03-3,and one maize(Zea mays)variety,Huazhen,in mono-cropped and intercropped cultures.The plant biomass and N content of both crops in BD2/maize intercropping were significantly improved compared to their monoculture,but no such effects were observed in the plants of YC03-3/maize intercropping.The yield of BD2 intercropped with maize exhibited a 37.5%increment above that of BD2 in monoculture.Moreover,19.2-29.1%longer root length of maize and 19.0-39.4%larger root volume of BD2 were observed in BD2/maize intercropping than in monoculture,but no growth advantage was observed in YC03-3/maize intercropping.Maize showed root avoidance when intercropped with BD2,but space competition when intercropped with YC03-3.16S rRNA amplicon sequencing showed that compared with the monoculture system,rhizobacteria community composition in BD2/maize intercropping changed more significantly than that of the YC03-3/maize intercropping system.In BD2/maize intercropping,most of the rhizobacteria community biomarker bacteria of BD2 were positively correlated with plant biomass,as well as plant P and N content.Maize tended to recruit Rhizobiales and Proteobacteria,which showed positive correlation with plant biomass and N content,respectively,as well as soil available N.In conclusion,soybean varieties determined the advantages of maize/soybean intercropping through root-root interactions and modification of rhizobacteria communities.Our insight emphasizes a linkage between root traits and the rhizobacteria community,which shows the importance of optimizing intercropping systems by selection of appropriate crop varieties.展开更多
Soybean mosaic virus(SMV)poses a substantial threat to the yield and quality of soybean(Glycine max(L.)Merr.),leading to significant economic losses in soybean production.However,the mining of SMVresistance loci and t...Soybean mosaic virus(SMV)poses a substantial threat to the yield and quality of soybean(Glycine max(L.)Merr.),leading to significant economic losses in soybean production.However,the mining of SMVresistance loci and the exploration of the underlying disease resistance mechanisms remain relatively limited.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are a class of post-transcriptional regulators that play a pivotal role in modulating plant growth,development and responding to various stresses.In this study,we demonstrated the function of the “miR398c/d-GmCSDs”module between soybean resistant and susceptible varieties,focusing on its differential regulatory roles in SMV infection.Specifically,SMV infection downregulated gma-miR398c/d expression in the resistant variety(Qihuang 1,QH),while upregulated them in the susceptible variety(Nannong 1138-2,NN).Transient expression assay in N.benthamiana confirmed that gma-miR398c/d can target six superoxide dismutase(SOD)family genes,which responded to SMV infection in both varieties.Stable overexpression of Gma-MIR398c/d in soybean or inhibition of the corresponding target genes’expression via Bean pod mottle virus(BPMV)-induced gene silencing(VIGS)led to reduced H_(2)O_(2)content and thereby promoted SMV infection.Conversely,plants overexpressing the target genes exhibited the opposite phenotypes.The functions of gma-miR398c/d and their target genes were further validated in N.benthamiana through transient co-expression with SMV infectious clone(pSC7-GFP),indicating that gma-miR398c/d negatively regulated soybean resistance to SMV,while the target genes positively contributed to disease resistance.Collectively,our findings provide novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying soybean resistance to SMV.展开更多
As one of the world's three major food crops and an important economic and oil crop,soybean plays a crucial role in ensuring food safety.In recent years,there are many problems in soybean cultivation,production an...As one of the world's three major food crops and an important economic and oil crop,soybean plays a crucial role in ensuring food safety.In recent years,there are many problems in soybean cultivation,production and processing.In view of this situation,this paper comprehensively expounded and decomposed the cultivation situation,existing problems,specific countermeasures and conclusions,so as to re-recognize them.This study provides reference materials for the sustainable and healthy development of the soybean industry.展开更多
Leaf-color mutants have proven valuable for studying chlorophyll metabolism,photosynthesis,and yield improvement.In this study,we identified a yellow-leaf(yl)mutant in soybean(Glycine max),characterized by reduced chl...Leaf-color mutants have proven valuable for studying chlorophyll metabolism,photosynthesis,and yield improvement.In this study,we identified a yellow-leaf(yl)mutant in soybean(Glycine max),characterized by reduced chlorophyll accumulation,lower net photosynthesis rate,and fewer grain number per plant than the wild type.To identify genes associated with chlorophyll content,we performed a largescale linkage mapping study using recombinant inbred lines from a cross between the yl mutant and a green-leaf cultivar across three environments.Using quantitative trait locus sequencing(QTL-seq)analysis,we mapped 12 QTL to chromosomes 5,13,15,19,and 20.Of these QTL,one new dominant locus with the largest LOD,named qCC1,was identified consistently and explained 31.73% of the total phenotypic variation on average.Notably,qCC1 was also associated with yield-related traits,including plant height and pod number per plant.Fine-mapping narrowed down qCC1 to an 82.29-kb region.Within this interval,we identified Glyma.15 g087500.1,encoding an ankyrin repeat-containing protein,as the most likely candidate gene,because its homologs are reported to function in thylakoid membrane biogenesis during plastid development.Phenotypic analysis of near-isogenic lines(NILs)revealed that those harboring the qCC1 allele conferring green leaves displayed significantly enhanced chlorophyll content by 136.53%-323.92%,net photosynthesis rate by 11.64%-42.13%,and yield by 111.32% compared with NILs carrying the allele conferring yellow leaves.Comparative transcriptome profiling of NILs coupled with RT-qPCR validation demonstrated that qCC1 up-regulated one differentially expressed gene(DEG)associated with chlorophyll biosynthesis and six DEGs related to photosystem,whereas it downregulated one gene involved in chlorophyll degradation.These findings provide valuable insights into the biological function and regulatory mechanism of chlorophyll metabolism and offer guidance for breeding soybean varieties with enhanced photosynthetic efficiency and high yield.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32302774)Beijing Innovation Consortium of Agriculture Research System(BAIC04)+1 种基金China Agriculture Research System(CARS-40)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Feed Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAASIFR-ZDRW202402).
文摘Background Organic selenium(Se)has gained recognition in poultry nutrition as a feed additive to boost production and Se deposition in eggs and tissues,owing to its high bioavailability,efficient tissue accumulation and minimal toxicity.Selenium-enriched yeast(SeY)is a well-established source,while selenium-enriched lactobacilli(SeL),a newer alternative,offers the added benefits of probiotics.This study examined the effects of SeY and SeL on egg quality,antioxidant capacity,Se deposition,and gut health in laying hens.After a two-week pre-treatment with a Sedeficient diet(SeD),450 Hy-Line Brown laying hens(30-week-old)were assigned into five dietary groups with six replicates of 15 hens each.The groups included a SeD,SeD supplemented with 1.5 mg Se/kg from SeY(SeY15),or 1.5,3.0,and 6.0 mg Se/kg from SeL(SeL15,SeL30,SeL60).The feeding trial lasted for 12 weeks.Results SeY15 and SeL15 improved the feed-to-egg ratio(P<0.05)in the latter stages.Haugh units were significantly increased(P<0.05)in the SeY15 and SeL30 groups,while darker yolk color(P<0.05)was observed in the SeY15,SeL15,and SeL60 groups.All Se-supplemented diets increased Se content in whole eggs,albumen,and yolk(P<0.05),while SeL groups showed a dose-dependent effect.Antioxidant enzyme activities increased,and MDA content decreased in the serum(P<0.05),with SeY15 showing the highest GSH-Px levels(P<0.05).SeL60 increased serum alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase,and distorted the liver architecture(P<0.05).Se-diets reduced concentrations of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the ileum and liver(P<0.05).SeL15 improved the ileal villus height-tocrypt depth ratio(P<0.05).SeY15 and/or SeL15 up-regulated TXNRD1 and SEPHS1 mRNA while down-regulating SCLY expression in the liver.SeY15 altered ileal microbiota by increasing both beneficial and pathogenic bacteria,whereas SeL15 predominantly boosted beneficial bacteria.Conclusion SeL integrates the antioxidant properties of organic Se with the probiotic benefits on gut health,resulting in a performance-enhancing effect comparable to that of SeY.However,high SeL level(6.0 mg Se/kg)compromised productivity and metabolic functions while enhancing Se deposition.
基金the Projects of Science and Technology of Shanghai(22N11900400)Key Projects of Beijing Institute of Life Science and Technology(2024400CB0050)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(32488102)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA24030303)。
文摘Flavonoids are crucial secondary metabolites widely distributed in plants,playing vital roles in diverse biological processes.Although the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway has been extensively characterized,the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood.In this study,we identify the miR166–ATHB14-LIKE module comprising the miR166 and its target gene ATHB14-LIKE as a key regulator of flavonoid biosynthesis in soybean(Glycine max).Knockdown of miR166 or overexpression of ATHB14-LIKE upregulated multiple flavonoid biosynthesis genes,leading to increased flavonoid accumulation.Conversely,miR166 overexpression suppressed these genes and reduced flavonoid levels.We further show that ATHB14-LIKE directly activates specific flavonoid biosynthesis genes by binding to their promoters.Additionally,ATHB14-LIKE forms homodimers and heterodimers with homologous proteins to regulate downstream flavonoid biosynthesis genes.Together,our findings demonstrate that the miR166–ATHB14-LIKE module controls soybean flavonoid content by coordinating the expression of key biosynthetic genes.
文摘Background The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of different dietary soybean meal(SBM)levels on jejunal immunity in nursery pigs at different days post-weaning.Methods Forty-eight pigs(6.2±0.3 kg),weaned at 21 days of age,were assigned to 2 dietary treatments(n=12)in a randomized complete block design and fed for 20 or 42 d in 3 phases(10,10,and 22 d,respectively).The dietary treatments consisted of low and high SBM diets.On d 20 and 42,jejunal mucosa and tissue samples were collected.Treatments were arranged in 2×2 factors with dietary SBM levels(low and high SBM diets)and days post-weaning(20 d and 42 d post-weaning).Results Pigs fed high SBM diets had greater(P<0.05)relative abundance(RA)of jejunal Prevotella,tended to have greater(P=0.091)jejunal IgA,had greater(P<0.05)crypt depth,and tended to have lower(P=0.064)villus height to crypt depth ratio(VH:CD)than pigs fed low SBM diets.Pigs at 20 d post-weaning had greater(P<0.05)RA of jejunal Lactobacillus and had greater(P<0.05)jejunal IL-8 and protein carbonyl than pigs at 42 d post-weaning.Pigs at 20 d post-weaning tended to have greater(P=0.090)jejunal IgG,tended to have lower(P=0.059)jejunal IgA,and had greater(P<0.05)proportion(%)of Ki-67+cells in the jejunal crypt than pigs at 42 d post-weaning.Conclusion Pigs fed high SBM diets showed greater RA of Staphylococcus,a greater immune response,and a decreased VH:CD in the jejunum than pigs fed low SBM diets.Pigs at 20 d post-weaning were more susceptible to jejunal inflammation and intestinal damage than pigs at 42 d post-weaning,but the negative impacts of high SBM diets on jejunal inflammation and intestinal damage were consistent compared to low SBM diets at 20 d and 42 d post-weaning.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFF1001504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32071963)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFD2300902)the Guangxi Key Research and Development Program of China (GuikeAB23026107)the Chengdu Science and Technology Project,China (2023-YF08-00003-SN)。
文摘Plants encounter dynamic light environments in natural field conditions,and species differ in their physiological and biochemical mechanisms for acclimating to fluctuating light(FL).The manner in which soybean(Glycine max(L.) Merr.) coordinates multiple physiological adjustments to FL remains poorly understood.This study assessed the effects of FL on soybean morphology and photosynthetic traits by examining changes in photosynthetic gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll(Chl) a fluorescence under alternating high-and low-light conditions.Results indicated that soybeans exposed to FL exhibited reduced dry matter accumulation,smaller and thinner leaves,and a lower Chl a/Chl b levels-characteristics typically associated with plants grown under continuous low-light.Despite these morphological similarities,their photosynthetic gas exchange rates and photosynthetic capacity were maintained at levels comparable to those under steady high light,unlike plants grown under constant low-light.Thus,acclimation to FL is distinct from adaptation to sustained low-light conditions.Correlation analyses revealed that the decline in carbon assimilation under FL primarily stemmed from two factors:the slow recovery of stomatal conductance upon transition to high light and the delayed relaxation of nonphotochemical quenching when light intensity decreased.Therefore,the reduction in carbon assimilation under FL cannot be attributed to low-light phase adjustments but rather reflects a lag in photosynthetic responsiveness to changing light conditions.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81872917 and 81741164)。
文摘The objective of this study was to verify the protective effect of Bifidobacterium longum(BL) and the synergistical effect of Selenium and BL on alcohol plus high fat diet(HFD) induced hepatic injury in mice. We also want to explore the mechanism of Selenium-enriched Bifidobacterium longum(Se BL). C57 BL/6 mice were treated with alcohol plus HFD with or without different dosage of BL or Se BL for 4 weeks. Serum levels of ALT, AST, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, FFAs, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, hepatic MDA level, SOD activity, the m RNA levels of AMPK, PPAR-α and SREBP1 were invested. Se BL inhibited lipid accumulation in hepatocytes;reduced serum AST and ALT levels;improved dyslipidemia;decreased serum FFAs, TC, TG and LDL-C levels. Se BL also inhibited alcohol plus HFD-induced hepatocyte oxidative stress through decrease in hepatic MDA levels and increase in SOD activity. Se BL also regulated lipid metabolism related genes such as AMPK, PPAR-α and SREBP1. Although BL had similar effect as Se BL, Se BL is more effective than BL. Se BL protected mice from alcohol plus HFD-induced hepatic injury in mice because of its inhibitory effect on hepatocellular oxidative stress, lipogenesis and inflammation. Selenium enhanced the protective effect of BL.
基金financial sponsored by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFC1604405)Fund of Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Plant Germplasm Resources(No.17DZ2252700)Research on the health function of tea and deep-processed products in preventing metabolic diseases(No.C-6105-20-074)。
文摘High-salt diet is well recognized as a risk factor for hypertension,and dietary intervention plays a critical role in the prevention of hypertension.The current study investigated the effects of selenium-enriched green tea(Se-GT)and ordinary green tea(GT)on prevention of hypertension of rats induced by high-salt diet,as well as their potential regulatory and mechanism.Our results showed that GT and Se-GT supplementations significantly prevented the increase of blood pressure(BP),activated the phosphoinosmde-3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt)signaling pathway,and regulated the gene expression related to BP,as well as improved the tissue damage like heart,liver,and kidneys.Besides,the key parameters associated with oxidative stress,inflammation and endothelial dysfunction were also altered by GT and Se-GT treatments.Importantly,GT or Se-GT administration adjusted the diversity and composition of the intestinal flora.Moreover,GT and Se-GT supplementations increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria and reduced the abundance of harmful or conditional pathogenic bacteria.More specifically,GT intake specifically and significantly enriched the relative abundance of Paraprevotella and Bacteroides,whereas Se-GT was characterized by specific and significant enrichment for Allobaculum and Bifidobacterium.Our results proved that dietary supplement of GT and Se-GT remarkably improved the vascular functions and effectively prevented tissue damage by regulation of intestinal flora,and thus preventing hypertension induced by high-salt diet.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD1100202)Shaanxi Social Science Fund Program of China(2018S30)Shaanxi Undergraduate Innovation Planning Project of China(201829041).
文摘As an important symbol of agricultural and sideline products in Ankang City,selenium-enriched tea affects the development of regional agricultural and sideline industries.In this paper,the development status and problems of the selenium-enriched tea products of Ankang were analyzed in terms of capital,technology,management and sales mode.This research is of positive significance to the development of selenium-enriched products and other agricultural and sideline products of health value,and plays a very important role in promoting the cultivation of village-level characteristic industries and the effective realization of targeted poverty alleviation.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Major Project of Guangxi(Guike AA17202026)Program for Scientific Research and Technology Development in Xixiangtant District of Nanning City(201710304)+7 种基金the Special Fund for the Innovation-Driven Development in Guangxi(Guike AA17202019-4&AA17202019)the Science and Technology Development Fund of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Guinongke 2017JM03)the Program for the Scientific Research and Technology Development in Guangxi(Guikehe415104001-22)the Fundamental Research Funds for Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Guinongke 2017YZ03)the Key Research and Development Program of Guangxi(Guike AB16380088)the Experiment Station for Selenium Featured Crops in Guangxi(Gui TS2016011)the Key Research and Development Program of Qingxiu District,Guangxi(2016039)the Scientific and Technological Transformative Project of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(NO.2017NZ04)
文摘[Objectives] The aims were to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins from selenium-enriched rice in Guangxi and provide references for the intensive processing and comprehensive utilization of selenium protein resources. [Methods]Selenium-enriched rice was used as materials to extract selenoproteins by phosphate buffer extraction method and to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins by using the orthogonal experiment. Proteins and selenium content was measured by Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 reagent and AFS（ atomic fluorescence spectrometry） respectively. [Results] The most significant factor affecting extraction of rice Selenoproteins was extraction NaO H concentration,followed by the ratio of solid-liquid,temperature and then extraction time. The optimum extraction conditions of selenoproteins from rice were extraction temperature of 50 ℃,NaO H concentration of 0. 14 mol/L,extraction time of 5 h,and solid-liquid ratio of 1∶ 30. [Conclusions]The alkali extraction process optimized by orthogonal test could effectively improve the extraction rate of selenoproteins,and the optimized process parameters could be popularized and applied in practical production.
文摘Selenium is an essential trace element for human health.Eating selenium-enriched eggs is conducive to easily and effectively solving the problem of selenium deficiency.In the production process of selenium-enriched eggs,different selenium sources,additive doses,feeding time,and the addition of other vitamins,trace elements,and methionine in the diet will influence the deposition of selenium in eggs.Through this review,it is intended to provide a reference for the practical,safe and economical production of selenium-enriched eggs.
文摘To investigate the in vitro digestion and fermentation properties of soybean oligosaccharides(SBOS)extracted from defatted soybean meal,the changes in monosaccharide composition and molecular mass were analyzed.Subsequently,the effect of SBOS on microbial community structure and metabolites was studied by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomics based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.Results showed that SBOS was not easily enzymolyzed during simulated digestion and could reach the large intestine through the digestive system.The significant decrease in the molecular mass of SBOS after in vitro fermentation indicated its utilization by the gut microbiota,which increased the contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid,thereby reducing the pH of the fermentation broth.Moreover,the core community was found to consist of Blautia,Lactobacillaceae,and Pediococcus.SBOS up-regulated beneficial differential metabolites such as myo-inositol,lactose,and glucose,which were closely related to galactose,amino sugar,and nucleotide sugar metabolism.This study will provide a reference for exploring the relationship between the gut microbiota and the metabolites of SBOS,and provide a basis for the development and application of SBOS as an ingredient for functional products.
基金Supported by Key Science and Technology Project for Innovation-driven Development of Guangxi"High Efficient and Safe Use of Selenium-enriched Soil Resources"(2017AA19015)Scientific Research and Technological Development Program Project of Guangxi Province(Gui Ke He 415104001-22)+2 种基金Key Research and Development Program of Guangxi(Gui Ke AB16380088 and Gui Ke AB16380164)Scientific Research and Technological Development Program Project of Nanning City(20152054-13)Scientific Research and Technological Development Program of Xixiangtang District of Nanning City(2015312)
文摘Taking Scientific Outlook on Development as the guiding principle,this paper introduced the principles of innovation,coordination,green,openness and sharing. Based on gifted advantages of selenium-enriched soil and selenium-enriched industry development in Guangxi,it discussed current practice,stressed green,ecological,characteristic demonstration,transformation and upgrading,and targeted poverty alleviation. Finally,it came up with perspective,practical,and operational strategies and recommendations for development of selenium-enriched industry,to provide reference for sustainable development of selenium-enriched functional industry in Guangxi.
文摘In order to improve the added value of the main vegetable products in Qinghai Province,we researched the effect of soil selenium content on vegetable quality in selenium-enriched area of Qinghai. Through the analysis of Qinghai selenium-enriched soil selenium content and5 kinds of main vegetables corresponds to the total selenium,part of the mineral elements and soluble sugar and VC content,the effects of soil selenium levels on selenium absorption and nourishment quality of vegetables were researched. The results showed that he Qinghai selenium-enriched soil selenium content in the range of 100. 00-563. 00 μg/kg,among them,the soil samples with sufficient selenium and rich selenium accounted for 76. 53% and 18. 88%,respectively. Soil selenium content of garlic sampling area was relatively high,and soil selenium content of sugar beet sampling area was relatively low. Vegetable selenium content was in the range of 11. 00-340. 94 μg/kg,the average content of total selenium content of garlic was up to 170. 40 μg/kg,and the average content of the total selenium content of radish is 73. 00 μg/kg.90. 63% of the vegetables in the region reached the level of sufficient selenium,and 70. 31% reached the level of selenium enrichment. The average content of Ca and Mg was higher than the national average. There was no significant correlation between selenium content of soil and vegetable and nutritional quality.
基金supported by the Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD0403305)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32101845)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFE0105000)the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-04).
文摘Dense cropping increases crop yield but intensifies resource competition,which reduces single plant yield and limits potential yield growth.Optimizing canopy spacing could enhance resource utilization,support crop morphological development and increase yield.Here,a three-year study was performed to verify the feasibility of adjusting row spacing to further enhance yield in densely planted soybeans.Of three row-spacing configurations(40-40,20-40,and 20-60 cm)and two planting densities(normal 180,000 plants ha 1 and high 270,000 plants ha 1).The differences in canopy structure,plant morphological development,photosynthetic capacity and their impact on yield were analyzed.Row spacing configurations have a significant effect on canopy transmittance(CT).The 20-60 cm row spacing configuration increased CT and creates a favorable canopy light environment,in which plant height is reduced,while branching is promoted.This approach reduces plant competition,optimizes the developments of leaf area per plant,specific leaf area,leaf area development rate,leaf area duration and photosynthetic physiological indices(F_(v)/F_(m),ETR,P_(n)).The significant increase of 11.9%-34.2%in canopy apparent photosynthesis(CAP)is attributed to the significant optimization of plant growth and photosynthetic physiology through CT,an important contributing factor to yield increases.The yield in the 20-60 cm treatment is 4.0%higher than in equidistant planting under normal planting density,but 5.9%under high density,primarily driven by CAP and pod number.These findings suggest that suitable row spacing configurations optimize the light environment for plants,promote source-sink transformation in soybeans,and further improve yield.In practice,a 20-60 cm row spacing configuration could be employed for high-density soybean planting to achieve a more substantial yield gain.
基金financially supported by Domaine Louata of Providence Verte Company,Agricultural Training and Research Center.
文摘Drought is one of the most severe environmental stresses affecting soybean growth and development,especially in arid and semi-arid areas.The aim of this experiment is to evaluate the effect of regulated deficit irrigation during the vegetative stages on soybean plants and determine the amount irrigation water can be reduced without affecting the physiological parameters,the crop phenology,and the yield of the soybean crop.The field experiments were conducted during two irrigation crop seasons(2021 and 2022)in Louata,Morocco.The results showed that regulated deficit irrigation regimes during the vegetative stages was combined with high temperatures and low air humidities during the beginning of flowering and the pod filling stage during 2021 in comparison with 2022,especially for 25%CWR(crop water requirements).Regulated deficit irrigation regimes reduced the stomatal conductance by 46%and 52%respectively during the first and second growing seasons by limiting CO_(2) intake for the Calvin cycle.The stomata closure increased the leaf temperature and affected the functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus by damaging the chlorophyll pigments and impairment of electron transport chains in chloroplasts.The transition from regulated deficit irrigation to 100%CWR at the beginning of flowering(R1)compensated for the photosynthetic loss,improved the growth and development of soybean plants and enhanced the yield and its components for 50%and 75%CWR.The adaptative mechanism such as the remobilization of the carbon reserved in the stems and leaves(vegetative tissues)to the grains improved the grain yield by 36.7%during 2021 and by 32.2%during 2022 and.This consequently improved the water use efficiency,the water productivity of soybean for 50%and 75%CWR and contributed to water saving with an average of 60 mm per growing season.
文摘Soybeans are the world’s most important source of plant protein and oil;yet how they evolved from wild vines has remained a mystery.Researchers have now found the missing piece-black soybeans served as the bridge between wild plants and today’s yellow varieties.
基金supported by the Ten-thousand Talents Plan of Zhejiang Province(No.2022R52021)the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2021C04016)the Pioneer and Leading Goose R&D Program of Zhejiang(No.2022C04020),China.
文摘Soybean meal(SBM)prepared by soybean crushing is the most popular protein source in the poultry and livestock industries(Cai et al.,2015)due to its economic manufacture,high protein content,and good nutritional value.Despite these benefits,SBM contains various antigen proteins such as glycinin andβ-conglycinin,which account for approximately 70%of the total proteins of the SBM and reduce digestibility and damage intestinal function(Peng et al.,2018).
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF1000504 and 2023YFD1901300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172658,32172659 and 32302662)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(2021A1515010826).
文摘Maize/soybean intercropping systems are commonly used in developing countries,but few studies have been performed to elucidate the differences in nutrient efficiency and rhizosphere microbiome,especially when maize is intercropped with different soybean varieties.In this study,field experiments were conducted to compare the growth and yield of two soybean(Glycine max)varieties,BD2 and YC03-3,and one maize(Zea mays)variety,Huazhen,in mono-cropped and intercropped cultures.The plant biomass and N content of both crops in BD2/maize intercropping were significantly improved compared to their monoculture,but no such effects were observed in the plants of YC03-3/maize intercropping.The yield of BD2 intercropped with maize exhibited a 37.5%increment above that of BD2 in monoculture.Moreover,19.2-29.1%longer root length of maize and 19.0-39.4%larger root volume of BD2 were observed in BD2/maize intercropping than in monoculture,but no growth advantage was observed in YC03-3/maize intercropping.Maize showed root avoidance when intercropped with BD2,but space competition when intercropped with YC03-3.16S rRNA amplicon sequencing showed that compared with the monoculture system,rhizobacteria community composition in BD2/maize intercropping changed more significantly than that of the YC03-3/maize intercropping system.In BD2/maize intercropping,most of the rhizobacteria community biomarker bacteria of BD2 were positively correlated with plant biomass,as well as plant P and N content.Maize tended to recruit Rhizobiales and Proteobacteria,which showed positive correlation with plant biomass and N content,respectively,as well as soil available N.In conclusion,soybean varieties determined the advantages of maize/soybean intercropping through root-root interactions and modification of rhizobacteria communities.Our insight emphasizes a linkage between root traits and the rhizobacteria community,which shows the importance of optimizing intercropping systems by selection of appropriate crop varieties.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF1001502)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production(JCIC-MCP)Major Projects of Technological Innovation 2030(2023ZD04037).
文摘Soybean mosaic virus(SMV)poses a substantial threat to the yield and quality of soybean(Glycine max(L.)Merr.),leading to significant economic losses in soybean production.However,the mining of SMVresistance loci and the exploration of the underlying disease resistance mechanisms remain relatively limited.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are a class of post-transcriptional regulators that play a pivotal role in modulating plant growth,development and responding to various stresses.In this study,we demonstrated the function of the “miR398c/d-GmCSDs”module between soybean resistant and susceptible varieties,focusing on its differential regulatory roles in SMV infection.Specifically,SMV infection downregulated gma-miR398c/d expression in the resistant variety(Qihuang 1,QH),while upregulated them in the susceptible variety(Nannong 1138-2,NN).Transient expression assay in N.benthamiana confirmed that gma-miR398c/d can target six superoxide dismutase(SOD)family genes,which responded to SMV infection in both varieties.Stable overexpression of Gma-MIR398c/d in soybean or inhibition of the corresponding target genes’expression via Bean pod mottle virus(BPMV)-induced gene silencing(VIGS)led to reduced H_(2)O_(2)content and thereby promoted SMV infection.Conversely,plants overexpressing the target genes exhibited the opposite phenotypes.The functions of gma-miR398c/d and their target genes were further validated in N.benthamiana through transient co-expression with SMV infectious clone(pSC7-GFP),indicating that gma-miR398c/d negatively regulated soybean resistance to SMV,while the target genes positively contributed to disease resistance.Collectively,our findings provide novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying soybean resistance to SMV.
基金Supported by Special Fund for National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System Construction(CARS-04-CES16).
文摘As one of the world's three major food crops and an important economic and oil crop,soybean plays a crucial role in ensuring food safety.In recent years,there are many problems in soybean cultivation,production and processing.In view of this situation,this paper comprehensively expounded and decomposed the cultivation situation,existing problems,specific countermeasures and conclusions,so as to re-recognize them.This study provides reference materials for the sustainable and healthy development of the soybean industry.
基金supported by the Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(SS2023C002)。
文摘Leaf-color mutants have proven valuable for studying chlorophyll metabolism,photosynthesis,and yield improvement.In this study,we identified a yellow-leaf(yl)mutant in soybean(Glycine max),characterized by reduced chlorophyll accumulation,lower net photosynthesis rate,and fewer grain number per plant than the wild type.To identify genes associated with chlorophyll content,we performed a largescale linkage mapping study using recombinant inbred lines from a cross between the yl mutant and a green-leaf cultivar across three environments.Using quantitative trait locus sequencing(QTL-seq)analysis,we mapped 12 QTL to chromosomes 5,13,15,19,and 20.Of these QTL,one new dominant locus with the largest LOD,named qCC1,was identified consistently and explained 31.73% of the total phenotypic variation on average.Notably,qCC1 was also associated with yield-related traits,including plant height and pod number per plant.Fine-mapping narrowed down qCC1 to an 82.29-kb region.Within this interval,we identified Glyma.15 g087500.1,encoding an ankyrin repeat-containing protein,as the most likely candidate gene,because its homologs are reported to function in thylakoid membrane biogenesis during plastid development.Phenotypic analysis of near-isogenic lines(NILs)revealed that those harboring the qCC1 allele conferring green leaves displayed significantly enhanced chlorophyll content by 136.53%-323.92%,net photosynthesis rate by 11.64%-42.13%,and yield by 111.32% compared with NILs carrying the allele conferring yellow leaves.Comparative transcriptome profiling of NILs coupled with RT-qPCR validation demonstrated that qCC1 up-regulated one differentially expressed gene(DEG)associated with chlorophyll biosynthesis and six DEGs related to photosystem,whereas it downregulated one gene involved in chlorophyll degradation.These findings provide valuable insights into the biological function and regulatory mechanism of chlorophyll metabolism and offer guidance for breeding soybean varieties with enhanced photosynthetic efficiency and high yield.
