The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypoglycemic effect and mechanism of D endrobium officinale polysaccharide(DOP)on type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)mice established by high-fat diet and streptozotocin.The...The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypoglycemic effect and mechanism of D endrobium officinale polysaccharide(DOP)on type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)mice established by high-fat diet and streptozotocin.The results showed that DOP improved glycolipid metabolism and serum inflammation levels,and inhibited intestinal-derived lipopolysaccharide(LPS)translocation,suggesting that inhibiting LPS-mediated intestinal barrier damage may be a key target for DOP to alleviate T2DM.Interestingly,the study found that DOP reduced intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress levels,significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression of tight junction proteins Claudin-1,Occludin and zonula occluden-1(ZO-1),and ameliorated intestinal epithelial damage.In addition,DOP strongly inhibited the intestinal pathogenic bacteria and LPS-producing bacteria Helicobacter,Enterococcus and Desulfovibrio with a reduction rate of 95%,73% and 9%,respectively,and promoted the proliferation of anti-inflammatory bacteria Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus by 139% and 8%,respectively.Taken together,the hypoglycemic effect of DOP was related to the protection of intestinal mucosal barrier,and its underlying mechanism lied in its excellent anti-inflammatory and gut microbiotamodulatory effects,providing a theoretical basis for developing DOP as a novel prebiotic in functional food for diabetes.展开更多
The therapeutic efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine has been widely acknowledged due to its extensive history of clinical effectiveness.However,the precise active components underlying each prescription remain in...The therapeutic efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine has been widely acknowledged due to its extensive history of clinical effectiveness.However,the precise active components underlying each prescription remain incompletely understood.Polysaccharides,as a major constituent of water decoctions—the most common preparation method for Chinese medicinals—may provide a crucial avenue for deepening our understanding of the efficacy principles of Chinese medicine and establishing a framework for its modern development.The structural complexity and diversity of Chinese herbal polysaccharides present significant challenges in their separation and analysis compared to small molecules.This paper aims to explore the potential of Chinese herbal polysaccharides efficiently by briefly summarizing recent advancements in polysaccharide chemical research,focusing on methods of acquisition,structure elucidation,and quality control.展开更多
In order to study the effects of Saussurea laniceps polysaccharides(SLPs)on the expression of inflammatory factors and antimicrobial peptide LL-37 in UVB-induced keratinocytes,SLPs were extracted by the ethanol therma...In order to study the effects of Saussurea laniceps polysaccharides(SLPs)on the expression of inflammatory factors and antimicrobial peptide LL-37 in UVB-induced keratinocytes,SLPs were extracted by the ethanol thermal reflux method,and SLPs at different concentrations were used to examine the inhibitory effect of COX-2(a key mediator of inflammatory pathway).A cell model of UVB irradiation-induced inflammation was established to determine the influence of SLPs on prostaglandin E2(PGE-2),TNF-αand IL-1βinflammatory factors,as well as the relationships of SLPs with LL-37 expression.An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and western blot analysis were used to detect the production of inflammatory factors and LL-37 antimicrobial peptide.The results showed that the inhibition rate of COX-2 was 82.41%at 1000μg/mL,and the expression of PGE-2,TNF-αand IL-1βinflammatory factors in HaCaT cells was significantly downregulated at 100μg/mL(P<0.01).In addition,SLPs at 50μg/mL and 100μg/mL concentrations enhanced the expression of LL-37 antimicrobial peptide(P<0.01),thereby down-regulating the expression of TNF-αand IL-1βinflammatory factors,then reducing skin inflammation.Conclusion:SLP can significantly inhibit the inflammatory response induced by UVB,and can further slow down the damage caused by inflammation to the skin by regulating LL-37 antimicrobial peptides,which has the potential to prevent skin inflammatory damage caused by UVB irradiation.展开更多
Background Organic selenium(Se)has gained recognition in poultry nutrition as a feed additive to boost production and Se deposition in eggs and tissues,owing to its high bioavailability,efficient tissue accumulation a...Background Organic selenium(Se)has gained recognition in poultry nutrition as a feed additive to boost production and Se deposition in eggs and tissues,owing to its high bioavailability,efficient tissue accumulation and minimal toxicity.Selenium-enriched yeast(SeY)is a well-established source,while selenium-enriched lactobacilli(SeL),a newer alternative,offers the added benefits of probiotics.This study examined the effects of SeY and SeL on egg quality,antioxidant capacity,Se deposition,and gut health in laying hens.After a two-week pre-treatment with a Sedeficient diet(SeD),450 Hy-Line Brown laying hens(30-week-old)were assigned into five dietary groups with six replicates of 15 hens each.The groups included a SeD,SeD supplemented with 1.5 mg Se/kg from SeY(SeY15),or 1.5,3.0,and 6.0 mg Se/kg from SeL(SeL15,SeL30,SeL60).The feeding trial lasted for 12 weeks.Results SeY15 and SeL15 improved the feed-to-egg ratio(P<0.05)in the latter stages.Haugh units were significantly increased(P<0.05)in the SeY15 and SeL30 groups,while darker yolk color(P<0.05)was observed in the SeY15,SeL15,and SeL60 groups.All Se-supplemented diets increased Se content in whole eggs,albumen,and yolk(P<0.05),while SeL groups showed a dose-dependent effect.Antioxidant enzyme activities increased,and MDA content decreased in the serum(P<0.05),with SeY15 showing the highest GSH-Px levels(P<0.05).SeL60 increased serum alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase,and distorted the liver architecture(P<0.05).Se-diets reduced concentrations of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the ileum and liver(P<0.05).SeL15 improved the ileal villus height-tocrypt depth ratio(P<0.05).SeY15 and/or SeL15 up-regulated TXNRD1 and SEPHS1 mRNA while down-regulating SCLY expression in the liver.SeY15 altered ileal microbiota by increasing both beneficial and pathogenic bacteria,whereas SeL15 predominantly boosted beneficial bacteria.Conclusion SeL integrates the antioxidant properties of organic Se with the probiotic benefits on gut health,resulting in a performance-enhancing effect comparable to that of SeY.However,high SeL level(6.0 mg Se/kg)compromised productivity and metabolic functions while enhancing Se deposition.展开更多
Polysaccharides,a class of complex macromolecules,are distinguished by their diverse biological functions and essential role in functional foods.The distinctive biological activities of polysaccharides from medicine a...Polysaccharides,a class of complex macromolecules,are distinguished by their diverse biological functions and essential role in functional foods.The distinctive biological activities of polysaccharides from medicine and food homology materials(MFPs),including immunomodulation,carbohydrate metabolism regulation,and lipid metabolism regulation properties,have attracted considerable scientific attention.The relationship between polysaccharides and gut microbiota is fundamental to human health,as polysaccharides demonstrate efficacy in ameliorating various conditions—from inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)to obesity and diabetes—through their influence on intestinal flora composition and diversity.Although polysaccharide research and applications show promise,significant challenges persist,particularly regarding extraction and purification methodologies,and the complete understanding of their biological mechanisms.Future investigations should prioritize understanding the correlation between polysaccharide structure and function,advancing large-scale production and application technologies,and establishing productive interdisciplinary collaborations.MFPs demonstrate significant potential for advancing sustainable development and human health,building upon current research findings.This paper presents a comprehensive review of global developments in the extraction,purification,structural characterization,biological activities,and applications of MFPs,emphasizing opportunities for scientific and technological innovations in specialized dietary food development.展开更多
Sea buckthorn(Hippophae rhamnoides L.)is a natural homologous substance of medicine and food.Polysaccharide,as one of its primary active components,has very superior biological activity and can be used as a dietary su...Sea buckthorn(Hippophae rhamnoides L.)is a natural homologous substance of medicine and food.Polysaccharide,as one of its primary active components,has very superior biological activity and can be used as a dietary supplement for functional foods,with good commercial prospects.Although initial progress has been made in the study of sea buckthorn polysaccharides,related studies have been fragmented and lacked systematic and generalization.This manuscript presents a critical analysis and systematic summary of the extraction and purification methods,structural characterization and physicochemical properties,biological activity and potential mechanisms,and structure-activity relationships of sea buckthorn polysaccharides.Accumulating evidence has indicated that sea buckthorn polysaccharides,which were widely prepared by water extraction and column chromatography purifications,exhibited exhibit superior biological activities in vitro and in vivo,including antioxidant,immunomodulatory,anti-inflammatory,hepatorenal protective,antibacterial,antiviral,and prebiotic activities.After analysis,it was concluded that there is a correlation between the relevant activities of sea buckthorn polysaccharides and that the structure of sea buckthorn polysaccharides has a great influence on their biological activity.We reviewed the challenges and limitations of sea buckthorn polysaccharides,summarized the critical aspects,and provided suggestions for potential breakthroughs in the research and application of sea buckthorn polysaccharide.展开更多
Atopic dermatitis(AD)is a common multifactorial skin disease characterized by chronic inflammation,unbearable itching,and significant physical and mental burden on patients.In recent years,there has been extensively s...Atopic dermatitis(AD)is a common multifactorial skin disease characterized by chronic inflammation,unbearable itching,and significant physical and mental burden on patients.In recent years,there has been extensively studied on the use of natural polysaccharides in anti-inflammatory therapy,due to their low toxicity and multi-target pharmacological activity.The unique biological activities of polysaccharides from natural sources as functional food additives and cosmeceuticals present a new option for the treatment of AD.This review aims to summarize the pathogenesis of AD,the therapeutic effects,and the mechanisms of natural polysaccharides,as well as discuss the limitations and prospects of these compounds in the treatment of AD.The insights provided in this review can serve as references and inspiration for the development of applications of natural polysaccharides in the treatment of AD.展开更多
Intestinal oxidation-reduction balance is essential to protect host health.Research on the underlying mechanisms of oxidation homeostasis can provide conditions to the treatment or protection of intestinal oxidative s...Intestinal oxidation-reduction balance is essential to protect host health.Research on the underlying mechanisms of oxidation homeostasis can provide conditions to the treatment or protection of intestinal oxidative stress.Therefore,the mechanism of polysaccharide(MBP)with alkali-extracted from mung bean skin in alleviating oxidative damage induced by H_(2)O_(2)-induced in intestinal epithelial cells(IEC)-6 cells was explored.Results indicated that MBP effectively mitigated the H_(2)O_(2)-induced decrease in IEC-6 cell viability,restored superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,lowered malondialdehyde(MDA)content,and decreased reactive oxygen species(ROS)level.Western blotting showed that MBP may mitigate oxidative damage through NF-κB,MAPK and Nrf2 signaling pathway,and RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)analysis confirmed that MBP can protect cells by regulating MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.Moreover,the results of the inhibitor experiment also support the above hypothesis.These results verified that MBP has the capacity to mitigate oxidative damage induced by H_(2)O_(2)in IEC-6 cells through MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway.The study showed that MBP can assist preventing intestinal diseases relating to oxidative stress,which could facilitate the development of functional foods.展开更多
Background:Recent research showed that the NLRP3 inflammasome was activated in the central nervous system of mice administered chronic ethanol(EtOH).Dictyophora polysaccharides(DIPs)are essential components of the val...Background:Recent research showed that the NLRP3 inflammasome was activated in the central nervous system of mice administered chronic ethanol(EtOH).Dictyophora polysaccharides(DIPs)are essential components of the valuable edible fungus Dictyophora,which has antioxidant properties that can delay the aging process of the body.This study aimed to investigate the roles of NLRP3 in chronic EtOH-induced cerebellar Purkinje cell(PC)degeneration and behavioral changes.Methods:C57BL/6J normal and NLRP3 knockout mice were exposed to EtOH for 14 days.Dictyophora polysaccharide(DIP)and NLRP3 inhibitor were administered to the EtOH mice.The pathology and NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 signaling pathway proteins were analyzed in EtOH mice cerebellar tissues and behavioral performance was assessed in the mice.Results:In the EtOH mouse model,we observed increases in the NLRP3 inflammasome proteins,including NLRP3,ASC,caspase-1,mature IL-1βand pro IL-1β,loss of PCs,and motor coordination disorders.We found that DIPs could suppress the NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 signaling pathway,and alleviate the motor deficits and cerebellar pathological changes in chronic EtOH mice.Next,we used MCC950,a NLRP3 inhibitor,and an NLRP3 knockout strategy to further verify the effects of NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 signaling in chronic EtOH mice.MCC950 or NLRP3 knockout alleviated the EtOH-induced latency to decreases in fall time,increases in stride width and decreases in stride length.MCC950 or NLRP3 knockout also attenuated PC number loss and suppressed NLRP3 inflammation induced by EtOH.Taken together,pharmacologically or genetically inhibiting NLRP3 alleviated EtOH-induced cerebellar degeneration and behavioral deficits.Conclusion:These findings indicated that DIPs might diminish EtOH-induced cerebellar degeneration and behavioral deficits through the NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 signaling pathway,which provides a potential therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of alcoholism and EtOH-induced cerebellar pathology.展开更多
Objective:Grifola frondosa,a medicinal mushroom,is widely used to enhance immunity and treat cancer.Polysaccharides are its primary active components.We aimed to investigate the effects of the alkaloid G.frondosa poly...Objective:Grifola frondosa,a medicinal mushroom,is widely used to enhance immunity and treat cancer.Polysaccharides are its primary active components.We aimed to investigate the effects of the alkaloid G.frondosa polysaccharide(GFP)extract on immunity and gut microbiota.Methods:Alkaloid GFP was extracted using an alkaline extraction method,followed by hollow-fiber microfiltration.The molecular weight of alkaloid GFP was determined by high-performance gel permeation chromatography(HPGPC).Monosaccharide composition was analyzed by pre-column derivatization combined with high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Methylation analysis was performed to characterize glycosidic linkages in alkaloid GFP.The immune function of alkaloid GFP was assessed in a cyclophosphamide(CTX)-induced immunosuppressive mouse model.Splenic lymphocyte proliferation,macrophage phagocytic capacity,and natural killer(NK)cell cytotoxicity were evaluated.The effect of alkaloid GFP on gut microbiota was assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing.Results:The molecular weight distribution of alkaloid GFP ranged from 17 to 18 kDa.The alkaloid GFP contained aβ-(1→6)-glucan backbone branched at O-3 byβ-1,3-D-Glcp.Oral administration of alkaloid GFP mitigated the effects of CTX on spleen index,splenic lymphocyte proliferation,and peritoneal macrophage phagocytosis.Additionally,alkaloid GFP improved the gut microbiota composition of immunosuppressed mice,increasing the relative abundances of Ligilactobacillus and Lactobacillus.Conclusions:Alkaloid GFP demonstrated immune-enhancing effects and gut microbiota regulatory activity,providing a basis for developing related health food ingredients.展开更多
The research on astragalus polysaccharides(APS)in pancreatic cancer has garnered increasing interest due to its potential therapeutic benefits.APS,derived from the Astragalus membranaceus plant,exhibits diverse biolog...The research on astragalus polysaccharides(APS)in pancreatic cancer has garnered increasing interest due to its potential therapeutic benefits.APS,derived from the Astragalus membranaceus plant,exhibits diverse biological activities,including immune modulation and anti-tumor effects.In this study,we presented a retrospective analysis study exploring the potential benefits of combining APS with gemcitabine plus tegafur gimeracil oteracil potassium capsule(S-1)in pancreatic cancer treatment.The finding suggests that APS may enhance treatment efficacy,improve immune function,and reduce adverse reactions,offering a valuable complementary approach to standard chemotherapy.Further research is needed to validate these findings and optimize APS usage in clinical practice.This combination therapy represents a compelling avenue for improving pancreatic cancer management and may ultimately contribute to better patient outcomes.展开更多
Inonotus obliquus,an edible and medicinal fungus,has proven to be beneficial for relieving body aging.Previous research has shown that I.obliquus polysaccharide(IOP)can effectively reduce oxidative stress and alleviat...Inonotus obliquus,an edible and medicinal fungus,has proven to be beneficial for relieving body aging.Previous research has shown that I.obliquus polysaccharide(IOP)can effectively reduce oxidative stress and alleviate photoaging in UVB-treated HaCaT cells.However,the underlying mechanism is still unclear.This study aimed to investigate the mechanism through which IOP mitigates skin photodamage by modulating mitochondrial autophagy through both in vivo and in vitro experiments.The results indicated that IOP alleviated the thickening of the stratum corneum and inflammatory infiltration caused by UVB radiation.Moreover,IOP effectively inhibited the mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1,3(MMP1 and MMP3)to prevent collagen breakdown and decreased the expression of aging-related proteins(P53 and P21)and inflammatory factors(tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interferon-γ(IFN-γ)in UVB-induced mice.Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that IOP increased Sirtuin3(Sirt3)expression,activated the Foxo3a/PINK1-Parkin pathway and enhanced mitochondrial autophagy to reduce photodamage.Additionally,IOP could regulate the gut microbes in photodamaged mice and increase the relative abundance of Clostridium_XlVa,Desulfovibrio,and Barnesiella,which are important for protecting the intestinal barrier and alleviating intestinal dysfunction.These results provide a theoretical foundation for the use of IOP as a natural component to reduce skin photodamage.展开更多
Through in-depth analysis of recent domestic research,this review elaborates on the mechanisms of garlic polysaccharides in regulating poultry gut microbiota balance,strengthening intestinal barrier function,and enhan...Through in-depth analysis of recent domestic research,this review elaborates on the mechanisms of garlic polysaccharides in regulating poultry gut microbiota balance,strengthening intestinal barrier function,and enhancing intestinal immunity.It also discusses their practical application effects in poultry farming,existing problems,and future research directions,aiming to provide comprehensive and in-depth theoretical support for promoting the widespread application of garlic polysaccharides in healthy poultry farming.展开更多
Astragalus extract Astragalus polysaccharide(APS),a natural extract,has been demonstrated to exert inhibitory effects on the development of various tumors by modulating microRNA(miRNA).However,the precise regulatory m...Astragalus extract Astragalus polysaccharide(APS),a natural extract,has been demonstrated to exert inhibitory effects on the development of various tumors by modulating microRNA(miRNA).However,the precise regulatory mechanism of miRNA-223(miR-223)in brain glioma cells remains unclear.This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of Astragalus extract APS on brain glioma cells through the miR-223/FBXW7 signaling pathway and its potential mechanism.Using the TargetScan tool,we predicted the binding between miR-223 and FBXW7 and confirmed this binding relationship through dual luciferase assay.We compared the expression of miR-223 and FBXW7 in glioma and adjacent tissues and followed up the prognosis.U87 cells were subjected to APS treatment or were transfected with small interfering RNA(siRNA)of miR-223 mimics to examine the effects of these treatments on cell proliferation,apoptosis,and FBXW7 expression.Our results demonstrated that miR-223 directly bound to FBXW7,as confirmed by dual luciferase assay.Moreover,the mRNA expression of miR-223 in glioma tissues was higher than that in paracancerous tissues,while the mRNA and protein levels of FBXW7 in glioma tissues were lower than those in paracancerous tissues.In addition,we observed a negative correlation between the expression of miR-223 and FBXW7(P<0.05).APS significantly inhibited the proliferation and invasion of U87 cells,suppressed the expression of miR-223,and promoted the expression of FBXW7(P<0.05).Transfection of miR-223 mimic into cells reversed the inhibition of miR-223 and the increase of FBXW7 induced by APS(P<0.05).Therefore,our findings suggested that APS might inhibit the proliferation and invasion of the glioma cell line U87 through the miR-223/FBXW7 signaling pathway.展开更多
The prevalence of ulcerative colitis(UC)is increasing annually,while current non-targeted drugs for UC have limited effectiveness,easily relapsed,and serious side effects.Herein,curcumin(Cur)-loaded nanoparticle with ...The prevalence of ulcerative colitis(UC)is increasing annually,while current non-targeted drugs for UC have limited effectiveness,easily relapsed,and serious side effects.Herein,curcumin(Cur)-loaded nanoparticle with conlon-targeted property based on Mesona chinensis polysaccharides(MCP)was developed for the synergistic and targeted improvement of UC.Results show that MCP-zein nanoparticles(ZmNPs)have good encapsulation of Cur,targeted delivery of Cur to the colon,and prolonged its retention time.In vivo safety assessments have shown that ZmNPs have good safety and biocompatibility.As expected,Cur-ZmNPs effectively alleviated the symptoms of Dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced UC by decreasing colonic inflammation by inhibiting the TLR4/MAPK pathway,regulating the levels of oxidative stress and immune homeostasis of UC mice.Oral administration of Cur-ZmNPs can reduce apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells,alleviate colonic mucosal damage and repair intestinal barrier function.Cur-ZmNPs also had a positive effect on improving gut microbiota disorders and promoting the production of SCFAs.This study provides a novel strategy for synergistic alleviation of UC by MCP-based NPs loaded with food bioactives.展开更多
A novel low molecular weight compound polysaccharide(LMW-CPS) was identified from a specific combination of Chinese herb ingredients.The monosaccharide composition of LMW-CPS was consisted of single arabinose,which ha...A novel low molecular weight compound polysaccharide(LMW-CPS) was identified from a specific combination of Chinese herb ingredients.The monosaccharide composition of LMW-CPS was consisted of single arabinose,which had an α-L-furanose configuration with an average molecular weight of 2.06 kDa.NMR spectra and monosaccharide constitution analyses revealed that it had a backbone of→5)-α-L-Araf-(1→with α-L-Araf(1→as the terminal residue.In vitro experiments found that it could lead to apoptosis and inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation by arresting them in the S phase.In vivo experiments showed that it protected immune organs such as the thymus and spleen,enhanced immune cell activities,stimulated cytokine release,augmented the abundance of CD8,CD3,CD4,and CD 19 positive lymphocytes,and markedly impeded solid hepatocellular carcinoma progression in mice.Hematoxylin and eosin staining and cell cycle examination also indicated that LMW-CPS arrested hepatocellular carcinoma cells at the S phase to induce apoptosis.These findings indicated its promising potential for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.展开更多
Water decoction is the main form of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)administered in clinics.Polysaccharides are major components of decoction.Recent studies reported that polysaccharides possess multiple pharmacologi...Water decoction is the main form of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)administered in clinics.Polysaccharides are major components of decoction.Recent studies reported that polysaccharides possess multiple pharmacological activities.However,the mechanism by which oral Chinese herbal polysaccharides play vital roles in the body remains uncertain.This review discussed the polysaccharides in Chinese herbal decoctions and their effects,direct and indirect.The direct impact of polysaccharides includes being absorbed into the body immunity regulation through Peyer’s patches;electrostatic adsorption,hydrophobic interaction,and glycoprotein receptors-induced antibacterial effects;prebiotic functions;gut microbiota structural regulation;and increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria.The indirect effects of the polysaccharides in Chinese herbal decoctions include phytochemical toxicity reduction and activity enhancement.Finally,their clinical and research significance is summarized and future research directions are discussed.展开更多
In this study,polysaccharides were extracted from blueberry fruit(BFP)and isolated to 3 components(BFP-1,BFP-2 and BFP-3).The molecular weight,monosaccharide composition,characteristic groups,microscopic morphology,an...In this study,polysaccharides were extracted from blueberry fruit(BFP)and isolated to 3 components(BFP-1,BFP-2 and BFP-3).The molecular weight,monosaccharide composition,characteristic groups,microscopic morphology,and triple helical conformation of the polysaccharides were characterized using high performance permeation chromatography,high performance liquid chromatography,gas chromatographymass spectrometry,Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,scanning electron microscope and Congo red staining.Moreover,the hypolipidemic and immunological activities of the polysaccharides were also assessed.Results showed that the molecular weights of polysaccharides BFP-1,BFP-2,and BFP-3 were 5.547×10^(4),5.671×10^(4),and 3.951×10^(4)Da,respectively,the main monosaccharides were glucose(Glc),galactose(Gal)and arabinose(Ara),but BFP-3 was mainly composed of galacturonic acid(Gal A),Glc,Gal,and Ara.The backbone of BFP-1 was→4)-Glcp-(1→,which branches to Ara and xylose(Xyl)residues,while the backbone of BFP-2 was→5)-Araf-(1→,which branches to Xyl,Glc,rhamnose(Rha)and Gal residues,in particularly,BFP-3 has a more complex branching with a→3,6)-Galp-(1→)backbone,the side chain is dominated by Araf-(1→).Blueberry polysaccharides are pyran-type polysaccharides withα-glycosidic bonds,and BFP-1 has a typical triple-helical structure.The activity assay revealed that the binding of BFP-3 to sodium glycylcholate hydrate and sodium taurocholate was 79.95%and 78.50%,respectively,indicating that it had better hypolipidemic activity than the others.Immunoactivity assay showed that BFP promoted NO secretion through activating the NF-κB signalling pathway in RAW264.7 cells,which played a role in enhancing the immune function of the organism.These findings may provide a reference for the development and application of blueberry polysaccharides in functional food and medicine.展开更多
Panax notoginseng is a traditional Chinese medicine containing various constituents,including the saponins,polysaccharides,polyacetylenes,amino acids,etc.It has beneficial functions,such as the anti-inflammatory,antit...Panax notoginseng is a traditional Chinese medicine containing various constituents,including the saponins,polysaccharides,polyacetylenes,amino acids,etc.It has beneficial functions,such as the anti-inflammatory,antitumor,hepatoprotective,and anti-aging effects.Among these,P.notoginseng polysaccharides(PNPs)have been exploited because of their extensive pharmacological effects,being ranked as one of the current research hotspots,especially for the functional foods and medical practice.In this review,the literature related to PNPs in the past 20 years was surveyed and analyzed using both the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and Web of Science(WOS)databases.The visualization diagram shows that current studies on PNPs mainly focus on the antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities and structural characterization.In addition,the extraction,separation,purification,chemical analysis,structural characteristics,bioactivities,and applications of PNPs are outlined,in detail,aimed to provide valuable information for the further study,development,and utilization regarding PNPs.展开更多
Microbial polysaccharides,due to their unique physicochemical properties,have been shown to effec-tively enhance the stability of foam fracturing fluids.However,the combined application of microbial polysaccharides an...Microbial polysaccharides,due to their unique physicochemical properties,have been shown to effec-tively enhance the stability of foam fracturing fluids.However,the combined application of microbial polysaccharides and surfactants under high-temperature and high-salinity conditions remain poorly understood.In this study,we innovatively investigate this problem with a particular focus on foam stabilization mechanisms.By employing the Waring blender method,the optimal surfactant-microbial polysaccharide blends are identified,and the foam stability,rheological properties,and decay behavior in different systems under varying conditions are systematically analyzed for the first time.The results reveal that microbial polysaccharides significantly enhance foam stability by improving the viscoelasticity of the liquid films,particularly under high-salinity and high-temperature conditions,leading to notable improvements in both foam stability and sand-carrying capacity.Additionally,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)is used to observe the microstructure of the foam liquid films,demonstrating that the network structure formed by the foam stabilizer within the liquid film effectively inhibits foam coarsening.The Lauryl betaine and Diutan gum blend exhibits outstanding foam stability,superior sand-carrying capacity,and minimal core damage,making(LAB+MPS04)it ideal for applications in enhanced production and reservoir stimulation of unconventional reservoirs.展开更多
基金The Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022A1515010730)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32001647)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Plan Projects of Guangzhou City(202102100009)(the Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Intelligent Sensing and Quality Control of Agricultural Products)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972022)the 111 Project(B17018)to conduct the project are gratefully acknowledged。
文摘The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypoglycemic effect and mechanism of D endrobium officinale polysaccharide(DOP)on type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)mice established by high-fat diet and streptozotocin.The results showed that DOP improved glycolipid metabolism and serum inflammation levels,and inhibited intestinal-derived lipopolysaccharide(LPS)translocation,suggesting that inhibiting LPS-mediated intestinal barrier damage may be a key target for DOP to alleviate T2DM.Interestingly,the study found that DOP reduced intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress levels,significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression of tight junction proteins Claudin-1,Occludin and zonula occluden-1(ZO-1),and ameliorated intestinal epithelial damage.In addition,DOP strongly inhibited the intestinal pathogenic bacteria and LPS-producing bacteria Helicobacter,Enterococcus and Desulfovibrio with a reduction rate of 95%,73% and 9%,respectively,and promoted the proliferation of anti-inflammatory bacteria Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus by 139% and 8%,respectively.Taken together,the hypoglycemic effect of DOP was related to the protection of intestinal mucosal barrier,and its underlying mechanism lied in its excellent anti-inflammatory and gut microbiotamodulatory effects,providing a theoretical basis for developing DOP as a novel prebiotic in functional food for diabetes.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR (Nos.0075/2022/A and028/2022/ITP)the Zhuhai Science and Technology Plan Project in the Social Development Field (No.2220004000117)the University of Macao (Nos.MYRG-GRG2023-00082-ICMS-UMDF/CPG2024-00011-ICMS)。
文摘The therapeutic efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine has been widely acknowledged due to its extensive history of clinical effectiveness.However,the precise active components underlying each prescription remain incompletely understood.Polysaccharides,as a major constituent of water decoctions—the most common preparation method for Chinese medicinals—may provide a crucial avenue for deepening our understanding of the efficacy principles of Chinese medicine and establishing a framework for its modern development.The structural complexity and diversity of Chinese herbal polysaccharides present significant challenges in their separation and analysis compared to small molecules.This paper aims to explore the potential of Chinese herbal polysaccharides efficiently by briefly summarizing recent advancements in polysaccharide chemical research,focusing on methods of acquisition,structure elucidation,and quality control.
文摘In order to study the effects of Saussurea laniceps polysaccharides(SLPs)on the expression of inflammatory factors and antimicrobial peptide LL-37 in UVB-induced keratinocytes,SLPs were extracted by the ethanol thermal reflux method,and SLPs at different concentrations were used to examine the inhibitory effect of COX-2(a key mediator of inflammatory pathway).A cell model of UVB irradiation-induced inflammation was established to determine the influence of SLPs on prostaglandin E2(PGE-2),TNF-αand IL-1βinflammatory factors,as well as the relationships of SLPs with LL-37 expression.An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and western blot analysis were used to detect the production of inflammatory factors and LL-37 antimicrobial peptide.The results showed that the inhibition rate of COX-2 was 82.41%at 1000μg/mL,and the expression of PGE-2,TNF-αand IL-1βinflammatory factors in HaCaT cells was significantly downregulated at 100μg/mL(P<0.01).In addition,SLPs at 50μg/mL and 100μg/mL concentrations enhanced the expression of LL-37 antimicrobial peptide(P<0.01),thereby down-regulating the expression of TNF-αand IL-1βinflammatory factors,then reducing skin inflammation.Conclusion:SLP can significantly inhibit the inflammatory response induced by UVB,and can further slow down the damage caused by inflammation to the skin by regulating LL-37 antimicrobial peptides,which has the potential to prevent skin inflammatory damage caused by UVB irradiation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32302774)Beijing Innovation Consortium of Agriculture Research System(BAIC04)+1 种基金China Agriculture Research System(CARS-40)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Feed Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAASIFR-ZDRW202402).
文摘Background Organic selenium(Se)has gained recognition in poultry nutrition as a feed additive to boost production and Se deposition in eggs and tissues,owing to its high bioavailability,efficient tissue accumulation and minimal toxicity.Selenium-enriched yeast(SeY)is a well-established source,while selenium-enriched lactobacilli(SeL),a newer alternative,offers the added benefits of probiotics.This study examined the effects of SeY and SeL on egg quality,antioxidant capacity,Se deposition,and gut health in laying hens.After a two-week pre-treatment with a Sedeficient diet(SeD),450 Hy-Line Brown laying hens(30-week-old)were assigned into five dietary groups with six replicates of 15 hens each.The groups included a SeD,SeD supplemented with 1.5 mg Se/kg from SeY(SeY15),or 1.5,3.0,and 6.0 mg Se/kg from SeL(SeL15,SeL30,SeL60).The feeding trial lasted for 12 weeks.Results SeY15 and SeL15 improved the feed-to-egg ratio(P<0.05)in the latter stages.Haugh units were significantly increased(P<0.05)in the SeY15 and SeL30 groups,while darker yolk color(P<0.05)was observed in the SeY15,SeL15,and SeL60 groups.All Se-supplemented diets increased Se content in whole eggs,albumen,and yolk(P<0.05),while SeL groups showed a dose-dependent effect.Antioxidant enzyme activities increased,and MDA content decreased in the serum(P<0.05),with SeY15 showing the highest GSH-Px levels(P<0.05).SeL60 increased serum alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase,and distorted the liver architecture(P<0.05).Se-diets reduced concentrations of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the ileum and liver(P<0.05).SeL15 improved the ileal villus height-tocrypt depth ratio(P<0.05).SeY15 and/or SeL15 up-regulated TXNRD1 and SEPHS1 mRNA while down-regulating SCLY expression in the liver.SeY15 altered ileal microbiota by increasing both beneficial and pathogenic bacteria,whereas SeL15 predominantly boosted beneficial bacteria.Conclusion SeL integrates the antioxidant properties of organic Se with the probiotic benefits on gut health,resulting in a performance-enhancing effect comparable to that of SeY.However,high SeL level(6.0 mg Se/kg)compromised productivity and metabolic functions while enhancing Se deposition.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFF1104305)。
文摘Polysaccharides,a class of complex macromolecules,are distinguished by their diverse biological functions and essential role in functional foods.The distinctive biological activities of polysaccharides from medicine and food homology materials(MFPs),including immunomodulation,carbohydrate metabolism regulation,and lipid metabolism regulation properties,have attracted considerable scientific attention.The relationship between polysaccharides and gut microbiota is fundamental to human health,as polysaccharides demonstrate efficacy in ameliorating various conditions—from inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)to obesity and diabetes—through their influence on intestinal flora composition and diversity.Although polysaccharide research and applications show promise,significant challenges persist,particularly regarding extraction and purification methodologies,and the complete understanding of their biological mechanisms.Future investigations should prioritize understanding the correlation between polysaccharide structure and function,advancing large-scale production and application technologies,and establishing productive interdisciplinary collaborations.MFPs demonstrate significant potential for advancing sustainable development and human health,building upon current research findings.This paper presents a comprehensive review of global developments in the extraction,purification,structural characterization,biological activities,and applications of MFPs,emphasizing opportunities for scientific and technological innovations in specialized dietary food development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201994)。
文摘Sea buckthorn(Hippophae rhamnoides L.)is a natural homologous substance of medicine and food.Polysaccharide,as one of its primary active components,has very superior biological activity and can be used as a dietary supplement for functional foods,with good commercial prospects.Although initial progress has been made in the study of sea buckthorn polysaccharides,related studies have been fragmented and lacked systematic and generalization.This manuscript presents a critical analysis and systematic summary of the extraction and purification methods,structural characterization and physicochemical properties,biological activity and potential mechanisms,and structure-activity relationships of sea buckthorn polysaccharides.Accumulating evidence has indicated that sea buckthorn polysaccharides,which were widely prepared by water extraction and column chromatography purifications,exhibited exhibit superior biological activities in vitro and in vivo,including antioxidant,immunomodulatory,anti-inflammatory,hepatorenal protective,antibacterial,antiviral,and prebiotic activities.After analysis,it was concluded that there is a correlation between the relevant activities of sea buckthorn polysaccharides and that the structure of sea buckthorn polysaccharides has a great influence on their biological activity.We reviewed the challenges and limitations of sea buckthorn polysaccharides,summarized the critical aspects,and provided suggestions for potential breakthroughs in the research and application of sea buckthorn polysaccharide.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22078162)Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)Jiangsu Province Graduate Research Innovation Program Project(KYCX22-1065)。
文摘Atopic dermatitis(AD)is a common multifactorial skin disease characterized by chronic inflammation,unbearable itching,and significant physical and mental burden on patients.In recent years,there has been extensively studied on the use of natural polysaccharides in anti-inflammatory therapy,due to their low toxicity and multi-target pharmacological activity.The unique biological activities of polysaccharides from natural sources as functional food additives and cosmeceuticals present a new option for the treatment of AD.This review aims to summarize the pathogenesis of AD,the therapeutic effects,and the mechanisms of natural polysaccharides,as well as discuss the limitations and prospects of these compounds in the treatment of AD.The insights provided in this review can serve as references and inspiration for the development of applications of natural polysaccharides in the treatment of AD.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFF1104001)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province,China(20232BCD44003)National High-Level Talents Special Support Program of China(202212)。
文摘Intestinal oxidation-reduction balance is essential to protect host health.Research on the underlying mechanisms of oxidation homeostasis can provide conditions to the treatment or protection of intestinal oxidative stress.Therefore,the mechanism of polysaccharide(MBP)with alkali-extracted from mung bean skin in alleviating oxidative damage induced by H_(2)O_(2)-induced in intestinal epithelial cells(IEC)-6 cells was explored.Results indicated that MBP effectively mitigated the H_(2)O_(2)-induced decrease in IEC-6 cell viability,restored superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,lowered malondialdehyde(MDA)content,and decreased reactive oxygen species(ROS)level.Western blotting showed that MBP may mitigate oxidative damage through NF-κB,MAPK and Nrf2 signaling pathway,and RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)analysis confirmed that MBP can protect cells by regulating MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.Moreover,the results of the inhibitor experiment also support the above hypothesis.These results verified that MBP has the capacity to mitigate oxidative damage induced by H_(2)O_(2)in IEC-6 cells through MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway.The study showed that MBP can assist preventing intestinal diseases relating to oxidative stress,which could facilitate the development of functional foods.
基金Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Projects,Grant/Award Number:Qian Science Foundation-ZK[2023]General 328Guizhou Provincial Education Department Young Scientific Talent,Grant/Award Number:Qianjiaoji[2024]93+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:42077313Natural Science Foundation of Guizhou Medical University Incubation Program,Grant/Award Number:20NSP084Research Foundation for Advanced Talents of Guizhou Medical University,Grant/Award Number:University Contract of Doctors J[2021]014Guizhou Provincial 2020 Science and Technology Subsidies,Grant/Award Number:GZ 2020SIG。
文摘Background:Recent research showed that the NLRP3 inflammasome was activated in the central nervous system of mice administered chronic ethanol(EtOH).Dictyophora polysaccharides(DIPs)are essential components of the valuable edible fungus Dictyophora,which has antioxidant properties that can delay the aging process of the body.This study aimed to investigate the roles of NLRP3 in chronic EtOH-induced cerebellar Purkinje cell(PC)degeneration and behavioral changes.Methods:C57BL/6J normal and NLRP3 knockout mice were exposed to EtOH for 14 days.Dictyophora polysaccharide(DIP)and NLRP3 inhibitor were administered to the EtOH mice.The pathology and NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 signaling pathway proteins were analyzed in EtOH mice cerebellar tissues and behavioral performance was assessed in the mice.Results:In the EtOH mouse model,we observed increases in the NLRP3 inflammasome proteins,including NLRP3,ASC,caspase-1,mature IL-1βand pro IL-1β,loss of PCs,and motor coordination disorders.We found that DIPs could suppress the NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 signaling pathway,and alleviate the motor deficits and cerebellar pathological changes in chronic EtOH mice.Next,we used MCC950,a NLRP3 inhibitor,and an NLRP3 knockout strategy to further verify the effects of NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 signaling in chronic EtOH mice.MCC950 or NLRP3 knockout alleviated the EtOH-induced latency to decreases in fall time,increases in stride width and decreases in stride length.MCC950 or NLRP3 knockout also attenuated PC number loss and suppressed NLRP3 inflammation induced by EtOH.Taken together,pharmacologically or genetically inhibiting NLRP3 alleviated EtOH-induced cerebellar degeneration and behavioral deficits.Conclusion:These findings indicated that DIPs might diminish EtOH-induced cerebellar degeneration and behavioral deficits through the NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 signaling pathway,which provides a potential therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of alcoholism and EtOH-induced cerebellar pathology.
基金supported by Infinitus Co.,Ltd(2019009)the Scientific and Technologic Foundation of Jilin Province(No.20230202050NC).
文摘Objective:Grifola frondosa,a medicinal mushroom,is widely used to enhance immunity and treat cancer.Polysaccharides are its primary active components.We aimed to investigate the effects of the alkaloid G.frondosa polysaccharide(GFP)extract on immunity and gut microbiota.Methods:Alkaloid GFP was extracted using an alkaline extraction method,followed by hollow-fiber microfiltration.The molecular weight of alkaloid GFP was determined by high-performance gel permeation chromatography(HPGPC).Monosaccharide composition was analyzed by pre-column derivatization combined with high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Methylation analysis was performed to characterize glycosidic linkages in alkaloid GFP.The immune function of alkaloid GFP was assessed in a cyclophosphamide(CTX)-induced immunosuppressive mouse model.Splenic lymphocyte proliferation,macrophage phagocytic capacity,and natural killer(NK)cell cytotoxicity were evaluated.The effect of alkaloid GFP on gut microbiota was assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing.Results:The molecular weight distribution of alkaloid GFP ranged from 17 to 18 kDa.The alkaloid GFP contained aβ-(1→6)-glucan backbone branched at O-3 byβ-1,3-D-Glcp.Oral administration of alkaloid GFP mitigated the effects of CTX on spleen index,splenic lymphocyte proliferation,and peritoneal macrophage phagocytosis.Additionally,alkaloid GFP improved the gut microbiota composition of immunosuppressed mice,increasing the relative abundances of Ligilactobacillus and Lactobacillus.Conclusions:Alkaloid GFP demonstrated immune-enhancing effects and gut microbiota regulatory activity,providing a basis for developing related health food ingredients.
文摘The research on astragalus polysaccharides(APS)in pancreatic cancer has garnered increasing interest due to its potential therapeutic benefits.APS,derived from the Astragalus membranaceus plant,exhibits diverse biological activities,including immune modulation and anti-tumor effects.In this study,we presented a retrospective analysis study exploring the potential benefits of combining APS with gemcitabine plus tegafur gimeracil oteracil potassium capsule(S-1)in pancreatic cancer treatment.The finding suggests that APS may enhance treatment efficacy,improve immune function,and reduce adverse reactions,offering a valuable complementary approach to standard chemotherapy.Further research is needed to validate these findings and optimize APS usage in clinical practice.This combination therapy represents a compelling avenue for improving pancreatic cancer management and may ultimately contribute to better patient outcomes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82004027)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JUSRP11961).
文摘Inonotus obliquus,an edible and medicinal fungus,has proven to be beneficial for relieving body aging.Previous research has shown that I.obliquus polysaccharide(IOP)can effectively reduce oxidative stress and alleviate photoaging in UVB-treated HaCaT cells.However,the underlying mechanism is still unclear.This study aimed to investigate the mechanism through which IOP mitigates skin photodamage by modulating mitochondrial autophagy through both in vivo and in vitro experiments.The results indicated that IOP alleviated the thickening of the stratum corneum and inflammatory infiltration caused by UVB radiation.Moreover,IOP effectively inhibited the mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1,3(MMP1 and MMP3)to prevent collagen breakdown and decreased the expression of aging-related proteins(P53 and P21)and inflammatory factors(tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interferon-γ(IFN-γ)in UVB-induced mice.Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that IOP increased Sirtuin3(Sirt3)expression,activated the Foxo3a/PINK1-Parkin pathway and enhanced mitochondrial autophagy to reduce photodamage.Additionally,IOP could regulate the gut microbes in photodamaged mice and increase the relative abundance of Clostridium_XlVa,Desulfovibrio,and Barnesiella,which are important for protecting the intestinal barrier and alleviating intestinal dysfunction.These results provide a theoretical foundation for the use of IOP as a natural component to reduce skin photodamage.
文摘Through in-depth analysis of recent domestic research,this review elaborates on the mechanisms of garlic polysaccharides in regulating poultry gut microbiota balance,strengthening intestinal barrier function,and enhancing intestinal immunity.It also discusses their practical application effects in poultry farming,existing problems,and future research directions,aiming to provide comprehensive and in-depth theoretical support for promoting the widespread application of garlic polysaccharides in healthy poultry farming.
基金National Key Research and Development Project(Grant No.2016YFC1101503)。
文摘Astragalus extract Astragalus polysaccharide(APS),a natural extract,has been demonstrated to exert inhibitory effects on the development of various tumors by modulating microRNA(miRNA).However,the precise regulatory mechanism of miRNA-223(miR-223)in brain glioma cells remains unclear.This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of Astragalus extract APS on brain glioma cells through the miR-223/FBXW7 signaling pathway and its potential mechanism.Using the TargetScan tool,we predicted the binding between miR-223 and FBXW7 and confirmed this binding relationship through dual luciferase assay.We compared the expression of miR-223 and FBXW7 in glioma and adjacent tissues and followed up the prognosis.U87 cells were subjected to APS treatment or were transfected with small interfering RNA(siRNA)of miR-223 mimics to examine the effects of these treatments on cell proliferation,apoptosis,and FBXW7 expression.Our results demonstrated that miR-223 directly bound to FBXW7,as confirmed by dual luciferase assay.Moreover,the mRNA expression of miR-223 in glioma tissues was higher than that in paracancerous tissues,while the mRNA and protein levels of FBXW7 in glioma tissues were lower than those in paracancerous tissues.In addition,we observed a negative correlation between the expression of miR-223 and FBXW7(P<0.05).APS significantly inhibited the proliferation and invasion of U87 cells,suppressed the expression of miR-223,and promoted the expression of FBXW7(P<0.05).Transfection of miR-223 mimic into cells reversed the inhibition of miR-223 and the increase of FBXW7 induced by APS(P<0.05).Therefore,our findings suggested that APS might inhibit the proliferation and invasion of the glioma cell line U87 through the miR-223/FBXW7 signaling pathway.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFF1104001)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province,China(20232BCD44003).
文摘The prevalence of ulcerative colitis(UC)is increasing annually,while current non-targeted drugs for UC have limited effectiveness,easily relapsed,and serious side effects.Herein,curcumin(Cur)-loaded nanoparticle with conlon-targeted property based on Mesona chinensis polysaccharides(MCP)was developed for the synergistic and targeted improvement of UC.Results show that MCP-zein nanoparticles(ZmNPs)have good encapsulation of Cur,targeted delivery of Cur to the colon,and prolonged its retention time.In vivo safety assessments have shown that ZmNPs have good safety and biocompatibility.As expected,Cur-ZmNPs effectively alleviated the symptoms of Dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced UC by decreasing colonic inflammation by inhibiting the TLR4/MAPK pathway,regulating the levels of oxidative stress and immune homeostasis of UC mice.Oral administration of Cur-ZmNPs can reduce apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells,alleviate colonic mucosal damage and repair intestinal barrier function.Cur-ZmNPs also had a positive effect on improving gut microbiota disorders and promoting the production of SCFAs.This study provides a novel strategy for synergistic alleviation of UC by MCP-based NPs loaded with food bioactives.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFF1100904)the Tianjin Key R&D Program (21YFSNSN00110)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Planning Project of State Administration for Market Regulation (2019MK005, 2020MK010, 2022MK012)Tianjin Administration for Market Regulation (2019-W20)State Criteria for Food Safety (spaq-2020-08, spaq-2020-31, spaq-2021-07, spaq-2022-05)。
文摘A novel low molecular weight compound polysaccharide(LMW-CPS) was identified from a specific combination of Chinese herb ingredients.The monosaccharide composition of LMW-CPS was consisted of single arabinose,which had an α-L-furanose configuration with an average molecular weight of 2.06 kDa.NMR spectra and monosaccharide constitution analyses revealed that it had a backbone of→5)-α-L-Araf-(1→with α-L-Araf(1→as the terminal residue.In vitro experiments found that it could lead to apoptosis and inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation by arresting them in the S phase.In vivo experiments showed that it protected immune organs such as the thymus and spleen,enhanced immune cell activities,stimulated cytokine release,augmented the abundance of CD8,CD3,CD4,and CD 19 positive lymphocytes,and markedly impeded solid hepatocellular carcinoma progression in mice.Hematoxylin and eosin staining and cell cycle examination also indicated that LMW-CPS arrested hepatocellular carcinoma cells at the S phase to induce apoptosis.These findings indicated its promising potential for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
基金by grants from the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(0005/2024/AKP,0075/2022/A,and 028/2022/ITP)the Zhuhai Science and Technology Plan Project in the Social Development Field(2220004000117)the University of Macao(MYRG-GRG2023-00082-ICMSUMDF,MYRG-GRG2024-00150-ICMS-UMDF and CPG2025-00030-ICMS).
文摘Water decoction is the main form of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)administered in clinics.Polysaccharides are major components of decoction.Recent studies reported that polysaccharides possess multiple pharmacological activities.However,the mechanism by which oral Chinese herbal polysaccharides play vital roles in the body remains uncertain.This review discussed the polysaccharides in Chinese herbal decoctions and their effects,direct and indirect.The direct impact of polysaccharides includes being absorbed into the body immunity regulation through Peyer’s patches;electrostatic adsorption,hydrophobic interaction,and glycoprotein receptors-induced antibacterial effects;prebiotic functions;gut microbiota structural regulation;and increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria.The indirect effects of the polysaccharides in Chinese herbal decoctions include phytochemical toxicity reduction and activity enhancement.Finally,their clinical and research significance is summarized and future research directions are discussed.
基金financial support received from the Anhui Provincial Excellent Scientific Research and Innovation Team(2023AH010050)the Key Research and Development Plan of Anhui Province(202204c06020013,202204c06020029)+1 种基金the“Biology and Medicine”key subject of Hefei University(2023xk05)the open research project of Anhui Ecological Fermentation Engineering Research Center for Functional Fruit Beverage(FSKFKT015)。
文摘In this study,polysaccharides were extracted from blueberry fruit(BFP)and isolated to 3 components(BFP-1,BFP-2 and BFP-3).The molecular weight,monosaccharide composition,characteristic groups,microscopic morphology,and triple helical conformation of the polysaccharides were characterized using high performance permeation chromatography,high performance liquid chromatography,gas chromatographymass spectrometry,Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,scanning electron microscope and Congo red staining.Moreover,the hypolipidemic and immunological activities of the polysaccharides were also assessed.Results showed that the molecular weights of polysaccharides BFP-1,BFP-2,and BFP-3 were 5.547×10^(4),5.671×10^(4),and 3.951×10^(4)Da,respectively,the main monosaccharides were glucose(Glc),galactose(Gal)and arabinose(Ara),but BFP-3 was mainly composed of galacturonic acid(Gal A),Glc,Gal,and Ara.The backbone of BFP-1 was→4)-Glcp-(1→,which branches to Ara and xylose(Xyl)residues,while the backbone of BFP-2 was→5)-Araf-(1→,which branches to Xyl,Glc,rhamnose(Rha)and Gal residues,in particularly,BFP-3 has a more complex branching with a→3,6)-Galp-(1→)backbone,the side chain is dominated by Araf-(1→).Blueberry polysaccharides are pyran-type polysaccharides withα-glycosidic bonds,and BFP-1 has a typical triple-helical structure.The activity assay revealed that the binding of BFP-3 to sodium glycylcholate hydrate and sodium taurocholate was 79.95%and 78.50%,respectively,indicating that it had better hypolipidemic activity than the others.Immunoactivity assay showed that BFP promoted NO secretion through activating the NF-κB signalling pathway in RAW264.7 cells,which played a role in enhancing the immune function of the organism.These findings may provide a reference for the development and application of blueberry polysaccharides in functional food and medicine.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC3501805)the Science and Technology Program of Tianjin in China(23ZYJDSS00030)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82374030)the Science&Technology Development Fund of Tianjin Education Commission for Higher Education(2021KJ127)Tianjin Outstanding Youth Fund(23JCJQJC00030).
文摘Panax notoginseng is a traditional Chinese medicine containing various constituents,including the saponins,polysaccharides,polyacetylenes,amino acids,etc.It has beneficial functions,such as the anti-inflammatory,antitumor,hepatoprotective,and anti-aging effects.Among these,P.notoginseng polysaccharides(PNPs)have been exploited because of their extensive pharmacological effects,being ranked as one of the current research hotspots,especially for the functional foods and medical practice.In this review,the literature related to PNPs in the past 20 years was surveyed and analyzed using both the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and Web of Science(WOS)databases.The visualization diagram shows that current studies on PNPs mainly focus on the antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities and structural characterization.In addition,the extraction,separation,purification,chemical analysis,structural characteristics,bioactivities,and applications of PNPs are outlined,in detail,aimed to provide valuable information for the further study,development,and utilization regarding PNPs.
基金supported by the Key Technology Research on Increasing Recovery Rate in Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoirs,a Major Scientific and Technological Special Project of China National Petroleum Corporation(Project No.2023ZZ25).
文摘Microbial polysaccharides,due to their unique physicochemical properties,have been shown to effec-tively enhance the stability of foam fracturing fluids.However,the combined application of microbial polysaccharides and surfactants under high-temperature and high-salinity conditions remain poorly understood.In this study,we innovatively investigate this problem with a particular focus on foam stabilization mechanisms.By employing the Waring blender method,the optimal surfactant-microbial polysaccharide blends are identified,and the foam stability,rheological properties,and decay behavior in different systems under varying conditions are systematically analyzed for the first time.The results reveal that microbial polysaccharides significantly enhance foam stability by improving the viscoelasticity of the liquid films,particularly under high-salinity and high-temperature conditions,leading to notable improvements in both foam stability and sand-carrying capacity.Additionally,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)is used to observe the microstructure of the foam liquid films,demonstrating that the network structure formed by the foam stabilizer within the liquid film effectively inhibits foam coarsening.The Lauryl betaine and Diutan gum blend exhibits outstanding foam stability,superior sand-carrying capacity,and minimal core damage,making(LAB+MPS04)it ideal for applications in enhanced production and reservoir stimulation of unconventional reservoirs.
