Selenium is one of the essential trace elements in human body,however,due to the limitation of geographic factors,the intake of selenium is seriously insufficient in most regions.In this study,selenium-enriched peanut...Selenium is one of the essential trace elements in human body,however,due to the limitation of geographic factors,the intake of selenium is seriously insufficient in most regions.In this study,selenium-enriched peanut sprouts with high selenium content were prepared by soaking peanut seeds in sodium selenite.The content and distribution of selenium in germinated peanuts were investigated.The results showed that 200μmol/L sodium selenite and germination for 6 days resulted in the highest total selenium,organic selenium content,and organic selenium conversion in peanut sprouts.Selenium exists in peanut sprouts mainly in organic selenium form,of which selenoproteins are the most critical organic selenium carriers.ABTS free radical scavenging capacity and reducing power assays showed that alkali-soluble protein had the highest antioxidant activity among the four soluble proteins,attributed to its high selenium binding level.Radicle and cotyledons of peanut seedlings were significantly enriched with selenium compared to hypocotyl.Amino acid analysis and SDS-PAGE results showed that selenium increases significantly after peanut germination and selenium enrichment.This study provides a simple,environmentally friendly,and effective way of selenium enrichment and offers a theoretical basis for applying selenium-enriched foods in food and medicine.展开更多
Background Organic selenium(Se)has gained recognition in poultry nutrition as a feed additive to boost production and Se deposition in eggs and tissues,owing to its high bioavailability,efficient tissue accumulation a...Background Organic selenium(Se)has gained recognition in poultry nutrition as a feed additive to boost production and Se deposition in eggs and tissues,owing to its high bioavailability,efficient tissue accumulation and minimal toxicity.Selenium-enriched yeast(SeY)is a well-established source,while selenium-enriched lactobacilli(SeL),a newer alternative,offers the added benefits of probiotics.This study examined the effects of SeY and SeL on egg quality,antioxidant capacity,Se deposition,and gut health in laying hens.After a two-week pre-treatment with a Sedeficient diet(SeD),450 Hy-Line Brown laying hens(30-week-old)were assigned into five dietary groups with six replicates of 15 hens each.The groups included a SeD,SeD supplemented with 1.5 mg Se/kg from SeY(SeY15),or 1.5,3.0,and 6.0 mg Se/kg from SeL(SeL15,SeL30,SeL60).The feeding trial lasted for 12 weeks.Results SeY15 and SeL15 improved the feed-to-egg ratio(P<0.05)in the latter stages.Haugh units were significantly increased(P<0.05)in the SeY15 and SeL30 groups,while darker yolk color(P<0.05)was observed in the SeY15,SeL15,and SeL60 groups.All Se-supplemented diets increased Se content in whole eggs,albumen,and yolk(P<0.05),while SeL groups showed a dose-dependent effect.Antioxidant enzyme activities increased,and MDA content decreased in the serum(P<0.05),with SeY15 showing the highest GSH-Px levels(P<0.05).SeL60 increased serum alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase,and distorted the liver architecture(P<0.05).Se-diets reduced concentrations of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the ileum and liver(P<0.05).SeL15 improved the ileal villus height-tocrypt depth ratio(P<0.05).SeY15 and/or SeL15 up-regulated TXNRD1 and SEPHS1 mRNA while down-regulating SCLY expression in the liver.SeY15 altered ileal microbiota by increasing both beneficial and pathogenic bacteria,whereas SeL15 predominantly boosted beneficial bacteria.Conclusion SeL integrates the antioxidant properties of organic Se with the probiotic benefits on gut health,resulting in a performance-enhancing effect comparable to that of SeY.However,high SeL level(6.0 mg Se/kg)compromised productivity and metabolic functions while enhancing Se deposition.展开更多
Wild peanut(Arachis)species are promising sources of disease resistance for improving peanut cultivars.The objective of this study was to assess cross-compatibility among cultivated and wild peanuts in crosses between...Wild peanut(Arachis)species are promising sources of disease resistance for improving peanut cultivars.The objective of this study was to assess cross-compatibility among cultivated and wild peanuts in crosses between eight peanut cultivars and 27 wild species carrying the A,B,E,Ex,F,K,P,and H genomes.Embryo culture and chromosome doubling led to polyploids representing hybrids between cultivated peanut and A.stenosperma,A.macedoi,A.duranensis,A.villosa,and A.diogoi.The first two showed greater resistance to bacterial wilt than their cultivated parents.DNA markers were developed for verifying the hybrids and for identifying translocation or introgression lines with alien chromosome fragments.展开更多
Vitamin E is an essential micronutrient that is abundant in peanut seeds.However,the absence of a rapid and reliable method for determining its content has impeded advancements in peanut quality improvement.In this st...Vitamin E is an essential micronutrient that is abundant in peanut seeds.However,the absence of a rapid and reliable method for determining its content has impeded advancements in peanut quality improvement.In this study,we developed an efficient ultra-performance liquid chromatography variable wavelength detector(UPLCvwd)method for quantifying vitamin E content in peanut seeds,capable of detecting four tocopherols and four tocotrienols.Compared to traditional methods,this approach is simpler,more efficient,and highly accurate.By comparing two sample preparation techniques,it was found that slicing better reflects the true vitamin E content than grinding,as it minimizes losses caused by mechanical pressure.The method demonstrated robust stability and accuracy in both repeatability tests and spiked recovery tests,showing no significant differences compared to the national standard method.The study revealed that the cotyledons of peanuts are the primary storage site for vitamin E,being rich inγ-andα-tocopherols,which together account for over 90% of the total vitamin E content.In contrast,the vitamin E content in the seed coat is considerably lower.Therefore,the optimized detection method minimizes seed coat interference during sample preparation,ensuring the accuracy of the results.In summary,the UPLC-vwd method developed in this study is a promising tool for determining vitamin E content and supports the improvement of peanut quality.展开更多
Peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)bacterial wilt(BW)is a devastating soil-borne disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum(RS)that poses a significant threat to peanut yield and quality.Nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat(N...Peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)bacterial wilt(BW)is a devastating soil-borne disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum(RS)that poses a significant threat to peanut yield and quality.Nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat(NBS-LRR)proteins are a class of plant-specific immune receptors that recognize pathogen-secreted effector molecules and activate immune responses to resist pathogen infections.However,the precise functions of AhCN genes(where CN is a class of nucleotide-binding site,leucine-rich repeat receptor(NLR)genes that lack LRR structural domains)in peanut plants are not fully understood.In this study,a total of 150 AhCN genes were identified and classified into nine subfamilies based on a systematic phylogenetic analysis.The AhCN genes showed highly conserved structural features,and the promoter cis-elements indicated involvement in plant hormone signaling and defense responses.After inoculation with RS,the highly resistant peanut variety‘H108’significantly outperformed the susceptible variety‘H107’based on physiological indicators such as plant height,main stem diameter,and fresh weight,likely due to the inhibition of bacterial proliferation and diffusion in the stem vascular bundle.AhCN34 was found to be significantly upregulated in‘H108’compared to‘H107’during plant infection and in response to treatments with each of three plant hormones.Importantly,AhCN34 overexpression in peanut leaves enhanced their resistance to BW.These findings demonstrate the great potential of AhCN34 for applications in peanut resistance breeding.Our identification and characterization of the AhCN genes provide insights into the mechanisms underlying BW resistance in peanut and can inform future research into genetic methods of improving BW resistance in peanut.展开更多
Peanut is a globally significant oil crop and economic resource,notable for its kernel containing over 50%oil content.White testa peanuts are highly valued for their superior nutritional profile,minimal pigmentation,a...Peanut is a globally significant oil crop and economic resource,notable for its kernel containing over 50%oil content.White testa peanuts are highly valued for their superior nutritional profile,minimal pigmentation,and superior oil clarity.Identification of genes controlling white testa color is crucial for advancing breeding programs and understanding the genetic mechanisms involved.A genetic mapping study was performed in peanut to identify genes controlling white testa color,a trait associated with desirable end-use quality traits in this oilseed crop.In an F_(2)population generated from a cross of a white-testa with a pink-testa cultivar,two recessive quantitative-trait loci controlling white testa were identified and finemapped to A02 and B02 chromosomes.Two homologous genes,Arahy.MP3D3D and Arahy.26781N,encoding bHLH transcriptional factors,were identified as candidates for the two loci.Reduced expression of these two genes likely suppresses anthocyanin biosynthesis.展开更多
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins generally accumulate in seeds during the later stages of maturation.Here we studied the LEA genes in two wild peanut species (Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaensis) in an e...Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins generally accumulate in seeds during the later stages of maturation.Here we studied the LEA genes in two wild peanut species (Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaensis) in an effort to create a genetic resource for peanut crop improvement.we identified 65 AdLEA and 69 AiLEA genes representing all 8 LEA subfamilies,which were unevenly distributed across 10 peanut chromosomes.The majority of LEA proteins were found to be highly hydrophilic.MEME analysis indicated that LEA gene motifs were conserved within groups,but not between groups.The LEA genes contained a diverse array of stress-and phytohormoneresponsive cis-acting elements,with the AdLEA2-20 and AiLEA2-20 genes containing the greatest number of elements.Both AdLEA2-20 and AiLEA2-20 were upregulated in response to cold temperatures,drought,salinity,and abscisic acid exposure,although the dynamics were tissue-dependent.This study lays the foundation for future studies on the LEA gene family and abiotic stress in peanut,and our results will be invaluable for the genetic improvement of peanut by characterizing the genetic resources of wild peanut species.展开更多
Plant height(PH),primary lateral branch length(PBL),and branch number(BN)are architectural components impacting peanut pod yield,biomass production,and adaptivity to mechanical harvesting.In this study,a recombinant i...Plant height(PH),primary lateral branch length(PBL),and branch number(BN)are architectural components impacting peanut pod yield,biomass production,and adaptivity to mechanical harvesting.In this study,a recombinant inbred population consisting of 181 individual lines was used to determine genetic controls of PH,PBL,and BN across three environments.Phenotypic data collected from the population demonstrated continuous distributions and transgressive segregation patterns.Broad-sense heritability of PH,PBL,and BN was found to be 0.87,0.88,and 0.92,respectively.Unconditional individual environmental analysis revealed 35 additive QTLs with phenotypic variation explained(PVE)ranging from 4.57 to 21.68%.A two-round meta-analysis resulted in 24consensus and 19 unique QTLs.Five unique QTLs exhibited pleiotropic effects and their genetic bases(pleiotropy or tight linkage)were evaluated.A joint analysis was performed to estimate the QTL by environment interaction(QEI)effects on PH,PBL,and BN,collectively explaining phenotypic variations of 10.80,11.02,and 7.89%,respectively.We identified 3 major and stable QTL regions(uq9-3,uq10-2,and uq16-1)on chromosomes 9,10,and 16,spanning1.43-1.53 Mb genomic regions.Candidate genes involved in phytohormones biosynthesis,signaling,and cell wall development were proposed to regulate these morphological traits.These results provide valuable information for further genetic studies and the development of molecular markers applicable to peanut architecture improvement.展开更多
Oil bodies(OBs)are the lipid-storage organelle in oilseed,and their interface properties are crucial for oilseed processing.To elucidate the effect of interfacial proteins on the functional properties of high-oleic an...Oil bodies(OBs)are the lipid-storage organelle in oilseed,and their interface properties are crucial for oilseed processing.To elucidate the effect of interfacial proteins on the functional properties of high-oleic and normal peanut OBs,OBs were extracted using ultrasound-assisted aqueous enzymatic extraction(AEE),and the effects of ultrasonic power(100–500 W)and extraction time(0–30 min)on the interface properties were investigated.These results indicate that the interfacial protein content and interface properties of OBs can be significantly affected by ultrasonic treatment.The interfacial protein content of high-oleic peanut OBs increased from 88.25%to 91.95%after ultrasonic treatment,which was 1.4 times that of normal peanuts OBs.The emulsifying activity index(EAI)and emulsion stability index(ESI)values of both peanut OBs increased with the increase in ultrasonic power and extraction time.These results suggest that the emulsification ability of OBs may be closely related to the interfacial protein content and therefore can be regulated by altering the interfacial protein content using ultrasonic treatment.However,the particle size of OBs tends to increase under low ultrasonic power(0–200 W)owing to the increase in the interfacial protein content and aggregation effects,whereas it decreases under high ultrasonic power(300 W–500 W)due to cavitation effects.This pattern of change in particle size was also confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscopy,which indicated that high ultrasonic power suppressed the contribution of the interfacial protein content to the particle size,but still improved the emulsification ability of the OBs by reducing the particle size and increasing the interfacial tension.Therefore,regulating the interfacial protein content of peanut OBs by adjusting ultrasonic power is a promising way to improve their functional properties.展开更多
Peanut varieties are diverse globally,with their characters and nutrition determining the product quality.However,the comparative analysis and statistical analysis of key quality indicators for peanut kernels across t...Peanut varieties are diverse globally,with their characters and nutrition determining the product quality.However,the comparative analysis and statistical analysis of key quality indicators for peanut kernels across the world remains relatively limited,impeding the comprehensive evaluation of peanut quality and hindering the industry development on a global scale.This study aimed to compare and analyze the apparent morphology,microstructure,single-cell structure,engineering and mechanical properties,as well as major nutrient contents of peanut kernels from 10 different cultivars representing major peanut-producing countries.The surface and cross-section microstructure of the peanut kernels exhibited a dense“blocky”appearance with a distinct cellular structure.The lipid droplets were predominantly spherical with a regular distribution within the cells.The single-cell structure of the kernels from these 10 peanut cultivars demonstrated varying morphologies and dimensions,which exhibited correlations with their mechanical and engineering properties.Furthermore,the mass loss versus temperature profiles of the peanut kernels revealed five distinct stages,corresponding to moisture loss,volatile loss,protein denaturation,and the degradation of various biomacromolecules.Variations were also observed in the lipid,protein,and sucrose contents,texture,bulk density,true density,porosity,geometric mean diameter,and sphericity among the diferent peanut varieties.This study establishes relationships and correlations among microstructure,engineering properties,and nutritional composition of commonly grown peanut varieties in major peanut-processing countries.The findings provide valuable insights into peanut quality evaluation,empowering the peanut industry to enhance their processing and product development efforts.展开更多
Peanut kernels rich in oil,particularly those with oleic acid as their primary fatty acid,are in high demand among consumers,the food industry,and farmers due to their superior nutritional content,extended shelf life,...Peanut kernels rich in oil,particularly those with oleic acid as their primary fatty acid,are in high demand among consumers,the food industry,and farmers due to their superior nutritional content,extended shelf life,and health benefits.The oil content and fatty acid composition are governed by multiple genetic factors.Identifying the quantitative trait loci(QTLs)related to these attributes will facilitate marker-assisted selection and genomic selection,thus enhancing quality-focused peanut breeding programs.For this purpose,we developed a population of 521 recombinant inbred lines(RILs)and tested their kernel quality traits across five different environments.We identified two major and stable QTLs for oil content,qOCAh12.1 and qOCAh16.1.The markers linked to these QTLs were designed by Kompetitive allele-specific PCR(KASP)and subsequently validated.Moreover,we found that the superior haplotype of oil content in the qOCAh16.1 region was conserved within the plant introduction(PI)germplasm cluster,as evidenced by a diverse peanut accession panel.In addition,we determined that qAh09 and qAh19.1,which harbor the key gene encoding fatty acid desaturase 2(FAD2),influence all seven fatty acids,palmitic,stearic,oleic,linoleic,arachidic,gadoleic,and behenic acids.Regarding the protein content and the long-chain saturated fatty acid behenic acid,qAh07 emerged as the major and stable QTL,accounting for over 10%of the phenotypic variation explained(PVE).These findings can enhance marker-assisted selection in peanut breeding,with the aim of improving the oil content,and deepen our understanding of the genetic mechanisms that shape fatty acid composition.展开更多
Bacterial wilt(BW)caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a wide-spread and serious disease in peanut.To date,this soilborne disease could only be effectively controlled by planting resistant peanut cultivars.However,the ...Bacterial wilt(BW)caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a wide-spread and serious disease in peanut.To date,this soilborne disease could only be effectively controlled by planting resistant peanut cultivars.However,the relatively lower yield potential of the available BW-resistant peanut cultivars is a key reason restricting productivity in most epidemic regions naturally infested with the pathogen.Even small pods or seeds and low number per plant has been regarded as the key factor for the low yield potential both in BW-resistant peanut germplasm lines and available released cultivars,whether the resistance is closely linked with key yield components remains unclear.In this study,the relationship between pod weight and BW resistance was analyzed by using a recombinant inbred lines(RIL)population derived from a crossing combination between a high yielding cultivar Xuhua 13 and a BW-resistant cultivar Zhonghua 6.From the experiments,it was found that the BW resistance was not significantly correlated with pod number per plant(PNP),hundred pod weight(HPW)and pod weight per plant(PWP)in the RIL population.Based on linkage analysis,the quantitative trait locus(QTL)s related to PNP were identified on A06,A07,A08 and B03.The QTLs for HPW were detected on A05 and A07,and the QTLs for PWP were on A06,A07 and B03.However,the QTL for BW resistance identified on B02.These results indicated that the BW resistance and the pod number per plant as well as pod weight were inherited independently.Two recombined lines(QT0944 and QT1028)with high level BW resistance and large pods(hundred pod weight over 185g)were identified from the RILs,and they possessed the favored alleles of identified QTLs from both parents,which could be used in peanut breeding for high yield and high level disease resistance.展开更多
How to reduce peanut allergies has always been a main food safety concern.Plant polyphenol complex peanut sensitizing protein was proposed as a new desensitization strategy.Gallic acid(GA),as a natural plant polypheno...How to reduce peanut allergies has always been a main food safety concern.Plant polyphenol complex peanut sensitizing protein was proposed as a new desensitization strategy.Gallic acid(GA),as a natural plant polyphenol,has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.Therefore,the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of GA on peanut protein(PP)sensitization under high moisture extrusion conditions.The contents of free sulfhydryl groups and disulfide bonds in the PP-GA complex were determined,and the structure of the complex was characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The results showed that with increasing GA content,the number of free sulfhydryl groups increased while the number of disulfide bonds decreased.The secondary structure of PP-GA showed that the random coils andβ-turns were transformed toα-helices andβ-sheets.A BALB/c mouse model was also established,wherein Al(OH)3 was used as an adjuvant when the complex was administered via intraperitoneal injection,and the mice showed mild allergic symptoms and a decreased immune organ index.In addition,the serum levels of specific antibodies(immunoglobulin E(IgE),immunoglobulin G1(IgG1),and immunoglobulin G2a(IgG2a)),cytokines(interleukin-5(IL-5),interleukin 13(IL-13),and interferon gamma(IFN-γ))and histamine were reduced.In summary,this study proved that GA can relieve the sensitization of PP induced by high moisture extrusion.展开更多
Peanuts are important oilseed legume crops that are susceptible to contamination by Aspergillus flavus in soil,leading to serious economic losses.Previously,our research team developed the Aspergillus-Rihizobia coupli...Peanuts are important oilseed legume crops that are susceptible to contamination by Aspergillus flavus in soil,leading to serious economic losses.Previously,our research team developed the Aspergillus-Rihizobia coupling(ARC)microbial inoculants and found it can reduce A.flavus abundance in the soil and promote efficient nodulation in peanuts.However,the impact of ARC microbial inoculants on different resistant varieties of A.flavus remains unclear.In this study,we screened peanut varieties that were resistant and susceptible to A.flavus and evaluated their nodulation ability and growth performance after ARC microbial inoculants treatment in the field.The results demonstrated that the nodule number and nitrogenase activity of both varieties significantly increased after ARC microbial inoculants treatment,with the highly susceptible variety AH24 showing a greater increase.For photosynthetic parameters,both varieties also increased after ARC microbial inoculants treatment,but the increase was greater in the moderately resistant variety AH1 than in the highly susceptible variety AH24.Finally,we found that the yield and yield-related traits of the moderately resistant variety AH1 were better than those of the highly susceptible variety AH24.After ARC microbial inoculants treatment,the yield traits of both peanut varieties still increased significantly,but the degree of increase of the moderately resistant variety AH1 was smaller than that of the highly susceptible variety AH24.In addition,the abundance of A.flavus in the rhizosphere soil of the two varieties significantly decreased after ARC microbial inoculants treatment,with no significant difference between the varieties.These results indicated that ARC microbial inoculants exert differential effects on the nodulation and growth of different resistant peanut varieties and have a better effect on highly susceptible varieties.These results provide a solid theoretical basis for the efficient use of ARC microbial inoculants in the field of peanuts in the future.展开更多
Peanut is a globally important leguminous crop and one of the most important oil crops.In response to the growing demand for high-quality peanut oil,advancements in processing technologies have led to significant impr...Peanut is a globally important leguminous crop and one of the most important oil crops.In response to the growing demand for high-quality peanut oil,advancements in processing technologies have led to significant improvements in oil quality.However,ensuring consistent quality remains a complex and ongoing challenge due to the multifaceted factors influencing peanut oil’s properties.This review synthesizes key scientific studies addressing these factors and explores the associated risks to oil quality and safety.Special attention is given to harmful contaminants such as aflatoxin B1(AFB1),3-chloro-1,2-propanediol esters(3-MCPDE),Benzo[a]pyrene(BaP),and trans-fatty acids(TFAs),which pose significant health risks and quality concerns.The review critically examines current detection methods for these contaminants and evaluates innovative removal strategies,such as biodegradation,physical refining,chemical treatments,and advanced adsorption techniques.Moreover,insights into the effects of raw material quality,processing conditions,and storage on oil quality were discussed.In conclusion,the review underscores the importance of adopting integrated approaches to control harmful substances while optimizing processing parameters to enhance peanut oil quality.These findings aim to guide researchers and industry practitioners in improving production practices,minimizing health risks,and providing safer and higher-quality peanut oil products for consumers.展开更多
In this work,the content of selenium(Se),physicochemical properties,and antioxidant capacity of Se-enriched peanut proteins isolate(S-PPI)and its fractions arachin(S-Arachin)and conarachin(S-Conarachin)were investigat...In this work,the content of selenium(Se),physicochemical properties,and antioxidant capacity of Se-enriched peanut proteins isolate(S-PPI)and its fractions arachin(S-Arachin)and conarachin(S-Conarachin)were investigated.The S-PPI,S-Arachin,and S-Conarachin were prepared using natural Se-enriched peanut with alkali extraction,acid precipitation,and sedimentation coefficients method.The Se content of S-PPI(420.83μg/kg)was two times compared to ordinary peanut protein isolate(O-PPI,203.10μg/kg).Besides,the Se is more likely to bind with conarachin than arachin.The solubility curves of these peanut proteins at different pH were similar.The emulsifying activities and the emulsion stability of S-Arachin was relatively low,as well as its foaming activity and the foam stability was the lowest.The DPPH scavenging activity of peanut proteins were decreased in order of S-Conarachin,S-PPI,S-Arachin,and O-PPI,as well as reducing power and the superoxide radical scavenging activity.The antioxidant activity trend was similar to Se content distribution trend,suggesting that the content of Se is related to antioxidant activity.The finding may indicate that Se content played a positive role in promoting the antioxidant activity of peanut protein.展开更多
The objective of this study was to verify the protective effect of Bifidobacterium longum(BL) and the synergistical effect of Selenium and BL on alcohol plus high fat diet(HFD) induced hepatic injury in mice. We also ...The objective of this study was to verify the protective effect of Bifidobacterium longum(BL) and the synergistical effect of Selenium and BL on alcohol plus high fat diet(HFD) induced hepatic injury in mice. We also want to explore the mechanism of Selenium-enriched Bifidobacterium longum(Se BL). C57 BL/6 mice were treated with alcohol plus HFD with or without different dosage of BL or Se BL for 4 weeks. Serum levels of ALT, AST, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, FFAs, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, hepatic MDA level, SOD activity, the m RNA levels of AMPK, PPAR-α and SREBP1 were invested. Se BL inhibited lipid accumulation in hepatocytes;reduced serum AST and ALT levels;improved dyslipidemia;decreased serum FFAs, TC, TG and LDL-C levels. Se BL also inhibited alcohol plus HFD-induced hepatocyte oxidative stress through decrease in hepatic MDA levels and increase in SOD activity. Se BL also regulated lipid metabolism related genes such as AMPK, PPAR-α and SREBP1. Although BL had similar effect as Se BL, Se BL is more effective than BL. Se BL protected mice from alcohol plus HFD-induced hepatic injury in mice because of its inhibitory effect on hepatocellular oxidative stress, lipogenesis and inflammation. Selenium enhanced the protective effect of BL.展开更多
High-salt diet is well recognized as a risk factor for hypertension,and dietary intervention plays a critical role in the prevention of hypertension.The current study investigated the effects of selenium-enriched gree...High-salt diet is well recognized as a risk factor for hypertension,and dietary intervention plays a critical role in the prevention of hypertension.The current study investigated the effects of selenium-enriched green tea(Se-GT)and ordinary green tea(GT)on prevention of hypertension of rats induced by high-salt diet,as well as their potential regulatory and mechanism.Our results showed that GT and Se-GT supplementations significantly prevented the increase of blood pressure(BP),activated the phosphoinosmde-3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt)signaling pathway,and regulated the gene expression related to BP,as well as improved the tissue damage like heart,liver,and kidneys.Besides,the key parameters associated with oxidative stress,inflammation and endothelial dysfunction were also altered by GT and Se-GT treatments.Importantly,GT or Se-GT administration adjusted the diversity and composition of the intestinal flora.Moreover,GT and Se-GT supplementations increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria and reduced the abundance of harmful or conditional pathogenic bacteria.More specifically,GT intake specifically and significantly enriched the relative abundance of Paraprevotella and Bacteroides,whereas Se-GT was characterized by specific and significant enrichment for Allobaculum and Bifidobacterium.Our results proved that dietary supplement of GT and Se-GT remarkably improved the vascular functions and effectively prevented tissue damage by regulation of intestinal flora,and thus preventing hypertension induced by high-salt diet.展开更多
As an important symbol of agricultural and sideline products in Ankang City,selenium-enriched tea affects the development of regional agricultural and sideline industries.In this paper,the development status and probl...As an important symbol of agricultural and sideline products in Ankang City,selenium-enriched tea affects the development of regional agricultural and sideline industries.In this paper,the development status and problems of the selenium-enriched tea products of Ankang were analyzed in terms of capital,technology,management and sales mode.This research is of positive significance to the development of selenium-enriched products and other agricultural and sideline products of health value,and plays a very important role in promoting the cultivation of village-level characteristic industries and the effective realization of targeted poverty alleviation.展开更多
[Objectives] The aims were to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins from selenium-enriched rice in Guangxi and provide references for the intensive processing and comprehensive utilization of selenium prot...[Objectives] The aims were to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins from selenium-enriched rice in Guangxi and provide references for the intensive processing and comprehensive utilization of selenium protein resources. [Methods]Selenium-enriched rice was used as materials to extract selenoproteins by phosphate buffer extraction method and to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins by using the orthogonal experiment. Proteins and selenium content was measured by Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 reagent and AFS（ atomic fluorescence spectrometry） respectively. [Results] The most significant factor affecting extraction of rice Selenoproteins was extraction NaO H concentration,followed by the ratio of solid-liquid,temperature and then extraction time. The optimum extraction conditions of selenoproteins from rice were extraction temperature of 50 ℃,NaO H concentration of 0. 14 mol/L,extraction time of 5 h,and solid-liquid ratio of 1∶ 30. [Conclusions]The alkali extraction process optimized by orthogonal test could effectively improve the extraction rate of selenoproteins,and the optimized process parameters could be popularized and applied in practical production.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[32172259]Key Research and Development Project of Henan Province[231111111800]+1 种基金Innovative Funds Plan of Henan University of Technology [2021ZKCJ03]The Program for the Top Young Talents of Henan Associate for Science and Technology.
文摘Selenium is one of the essential trace elements in human body,however,due to the limitation of geographic factors,the intake of selenium is seriously insufficient in most regions.In this study,selenium-enriched peanut sprouts with high selenium content were prepared by soaking peanut seeds in sodium selenite.The content and distribution of selenium in germinated peanuts were investigated.The results showed that 200μmol/L sodium selenite and germination for 6 days resulted in the highest total selenium,organic selenium content,and organic selenium conversion in peanut sprouts.Selenium exists in peanut sprouts mainly in organic selenium form,of which selenoproteins are the most critical organic selenium carriers.ABTS free radical scavenging capacity and reducing power assays showed that alkali-soluble protein had the highest antioxidant activity among the four soluble proteins,attributed to its high selenium binding level.Radicle and cotyledons of peanut seedlings were significantly enriched with selenium compared to hypocotyl.Amino acid analysis and SDS-PAGE results showed that selenium increases significantly after peanut germination and selenium enrichment.This study provides a simple,environmentally friendly,and effective way of selenium enrichment and offers a theoretical basis for applying selenium-enriched foods in food and medicine.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32302774)Beijing Innovation Consortium of Agriculture Research System(BAIC04)+1 种基金China Agriculture Research System(CARS-40)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Feed Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAASIFR-ZDRW202402).
文摘Background Organic selenium(Se)has gained recognition in poultry nutrition as a feed additive to boost production and Se deposition in eggs and tissues,owing to its high bioavailability,efficient tissue accumulation and minimal toxicity.Selenium-enriched yeast(SeY)is a well-established source,while selenium-enriched lactobacilli(SeL),a newer alternative,offers the added benefits of probiotics.This study examined the effects of SeY and SeL on egg quality,antioxidant capacity,Se deposition,and gut health in laying hens.After a two-week pre-treatment with a Sedeficient diet(SeD),450 Hy-Line Brown laying hens(30-week-old)were assigned into five dietary groups with six replicates of 15 hens each.The groups included a SeD,SeD supplemented with 1.5 mg Se/kg from SeY(SeY15),or 1.5,3.0,and 6.0 mg Se/kg from SeL(SeL15,SeL30,SeL60).The feeding trial lasted for 12 weeks.Results SeY15 and SeL15 improved the feed-to-egg ratio(P<0.05)in the latter stages.Haugh units were significantly increased(P<0.05)in the SeY15 and SeL30 groups,while darker yolk color(P<0.05)was observed in the SeY15,SeL15,and SeL60 groups.All Se-supplemented diets increased Se content in whole eggs,albumen,and yolk(P<0.05),while SeL groups showed a dose-dependent effect.Antioxidant enzyme activities increased,and MDA content decreased in the serum(P<0.05),with SeY15 showing the highest GSH-Px levels(P<0.05).SeL60 increased serum alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase,and distorted the liver architecture(P<0.05).Se-diets reduced concentrations of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the ileum and liver(P<0.05).SeL15 improved the ileal villus height-tocrypt depth ratio(P<0.05).SeY15 and/or SeL15 up-regulated TXNRD1 and SEPHS1 mRNA while down-regulating SCLY expression in the liver.SeY15 altered ileal microbiota by increasing both beneficial and pathogenic bacteria,whereas SeL15 predominantly boosted beneficial bacteria.Conclusion SeL integrates the antioxidant properties of organic Se with the probiotic benefits on gut health,resulting in a performance-enhancing effect comparable to that of SeY.However,high SeL level(6.0 mg Se/kg)compromised productivity and metabolic functions while enhancing Se deposition.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272153)Henan Province Science and Technology R&D Joint Fund(232301420025)+4 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1200200)the Key Research Project of the Shennong Laboratory(SN01-2022-03)Independent Innovation Foundation of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2024ZC024)China Agriculture Research System(CARS-13)Henan Provincial Agriculture Research System(S2012-5).
文摘Wild peanut(Arachis)species are promising sources of disease resistance for improving peanut cultivars.The objective of this study was to assess cross-compatibility among cultivated and wild peanuts in crosses between eight peanut cultivars and 27 wild species carrying the A,B,E,Ex,F,K,P,and H genomes.Embryo culture and chromosome doubling led to polyploids representing hybrids between cultivated peanut and A.stenosperma,A.macedoi,A.duranensis,A.villosa,and A.diogoi.The first two showed greater resistance to bacterial wilt than their cultivated parents.DNA markers were developed for verifying the hybrids and for identifying translocation or introgression lines with alien chromosome fragments.
基金supported by the project of the development for highquality seed industry of Hubei province(HBZY2023B003)the Key Area Research and Development Program of Hubei Province(2021BBA077)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program.
文摘Vitamin E is an essential micronutrient that is abundant in peanut seeds.However,the absence of a rapid and reliable method for determining its content has impeded advancements in peanut quality improvement.In this study,we developed an efficient ultra-performance liquid chromatography variable wavelength detector(UPLCvwd)method for quantifying vitamin E content in peanut seeds,capable of detecting four tocopherols and four tocotrienols.Compared to traditional methods,this approach is simpler,more efficient,and highly accurate.By comparing two sample preparation techniques,it was found that slicing better reflects the true vitamin E content than grinding,as it minimizes losses caused by mechanical pressure.The method demonstrated robust stability and accuracy in both repeatability tests and spiked recovery tests,showing no significant differences compared to the national standard method.The study revealed that the cotyledons of peanuts are the primary storage site for vitamin E,being rich inγ-andα-tocopherols,which together account for over 90% of the total vitamin E content.In contrast,the vitamin E content in the seed coat is considerably lower.Therefore,the optimized detection method minimizes seed coat interference during sample preparation,ensuring the accuracy of the results.In summary,the UPLC-vwd method developed in this study is a promising tool for determining vitamin E content and supports the improvement of peanut quality.
基金supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)-Henan United Fund(U22A20475 and U1704232)the Key Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province,China(221111110500,161100111000,and HARS-22-05-G1)+2 种基金the Innovation Scientists and Technicians Troop Construction Projects of Henan Province,China(2018JR0001)the Henan Agricultural University High Level Talent Special Support Fund,China(30501418)the Key Scientific Research Project in Colleges and Universities of Henan Province,China(21A210018).
文摘Peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)bacterial wilt(BW)is a devastating soil-borne disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum(RS)that poses a significant threat to peanut yield and quality.Nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat(NBS-LRR)proteins are a class of plant-specific immune receptors that recognize pathogen-secreted effector molecules and activate immune responses to resist pathogen infections.However,the precise functions of AhCN genes(where CN is a class of nucleotide-binding site,leucine-rich repeat receptor(NLR)genes that lack LRR structural domains)in peanut plants are not fully understood.In this study,a total of 150 AhCN genes were identified and classified into nine subfamilies based on a systematic phylogenetic analysis.The AhCN genes showed highly conserved structural features,and the promoter cis-elements indicated involvement in plant hormone signaling and defense responses.After inoculation with RS,the highly resistant peanut variety‘H108’significantly outperformed the susceptible variety‘H107’based on physiological indicators such as plant height,main stem diameter,and fresh weight,likely due to the inhibition of bacterial proliferation and diffusion in the stem vascular bundle.AhCN34 was found to be significantly upregulated in‘H108’compared to‘H107’during plant infection and in response to treatments with each of three plant hormones.Importantly,AhCN34 overexpression in peanut leaves enhanced their resistance to BW.These findings demonstrate the great potential of AhCN34 for applications in peanut resistance breeding.Our identification and characterization of the AhCN genes provide insights into the mechanisms underlying BW resistance in peanut and can inform future research into genetic methods of improving BW resistance in peanut.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1200400)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32472041)+2 种基金the Project of the Development for High-quality Seed Industry of Hubei Province(HBZY2023B003)Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province(2021BBA077)Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2024-2060299-089-031)。
文摘Peanut is a globally significant oil crop and economic resource,notable for its kernel containing over 50%oil content.White testa peanuts are highly valued for their superior nutritional profile,minimal pigmentation,and superior oil clarity.Identification of genes controlling white testa color is crucial for advancing breeding programs and understanding the genetic mechanisms involved.A genetic mapping study was performed in peanut to identify genes controlling white testa color,a trait associated with desirable end-use quality traits in this oilseed crop.In an F_(2)population generated from a cross of a white-testa with a pink-testa cultivar,two recessive quantitative-trait loci controlling white testa were identified and finemapped to A02 and B02 chromosomes.Two homologous genes,Arahy.MP3D3D and Arahy.26781N,encoding bHLH transcriptional factors,were identified as candidates for the two loci.Reduced expression of these two genes likely suppresses anthocyanin biosynthesis.
基金supported by the Undergraduate Training Program for Innovation and Entrepreneurship (S202110580053,202410580011)the Zhaoqing University Project (190060,QN202329)Science and Technology Program of Zhaoqing (2023040308001)。
文摘Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins generally accumulate in seeds during the later stages of maturation.Here we studied the LEA genes in two wild peanut species (Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaensis) in an effort to create a genetic resource for peanut crop improvement.we identified 65 AdLEA and 69 AiLEA genes representing all 8 LEA subfamilies,which were unevenly distributed across 10 peanut chromosomes.The majority of LEA proteins were found to be highly hydrophilic.MEME analysis indicated that LEA gene motifs were conserved within groups,but not between groups.The LEA genes contained a diverse array of stress-and phytohormoneresponsive cis-acting elements,with the AdLEA2-20 and AiLEA2-20 genes containing the greatest number of elements.Both AdLEA2-20 and AiLEA2-20 were upregulated in response to cold temperatures,drought,salinity,and abscisic acid exposure,although the dynamics were tissue-dependent.This study lays the foundation for future studies on the LEA gene family and abiotic stress in peanut,and our results will be invaluable for the genetic improvement of peanut by characterizing the genetic resources of wild peanut species.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(ZR2022MC045)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32001584,32201876)+2 种基金the Major Science and Technology Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China(2022A02008-3)the Breeding Project from Department of Science&Technology of Shandong Province,China(2022LZGC007)the Agricultural Scientific and the Technological Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China(CXGC2023A06,CXGC2023A39 and CXGC2023A46),and the Major Scientific and Technological Achievements Cultivation Program of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China(CXGC2025E02)。
文摘Plant height(PH),primary lateral branch length(PBL),and branch number(BN)are architectural components impacting peanut pod yield,biomass production,and adaptivity to mechanical harvesting.In this study,a recombinant inbred population consisting of 181 individual lines was used to determine genetic controls of PH,PBL,and BN across three environments.Phenotypic data collected from the population demonstrated continuous distributions and transgressive segregation patterns.Broad-sense heritability of PH,PBL,and BN was found to be 0.87,0.88,and 0.92,respectively.Unconditional individual environmental analysis revealed 35 additive QTLs with phenotypic variation explained(PVE)ranging from 4.57 to 21.68%.A two-round meta-analysis resulted in 24consensus and 19 unique QTLs.Five unique QTLs exhibited pleiotropic effects and their genetic bases(pleiotropy or tight linkage)were evaluated.A joint analysis was performed to estimate the QTL by environment interaction(QEI)effects on PH,PBL,and BN,collectively explaining phenotypic variations of 10.80,11.02,and 7.89%,respectively.We identified 3 major and stable QTL regions(uq9-3,uq10-2,and uq16-1)on chromosomes 9,10,and 16,spanning1.43-1.53 Mb genomic regions.Candidate genes involved in phytohormones biosynthesis,signaling,and cell wall development were proposed to regulate these morphological traits.These results provide valuable information for further genetic studies and the development of molecular markers applicable to peanut architecture improvement.
基金supported Major Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Province(2023CXGC010707)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2022MC172 and ZR2024MC114)+1 种基金Shandong Province Rural Revitalization Science and Technology Innovation Enhancement Action Plan(Grant No.2023TZXD043 and 2023TZXD069)Scientific Research Foundation for High-Level Talents of Qingdao Agricultural University(663/1120085 and 663/1120084).
文摘Oil bodies(OBs)are the lipid-storage organelle in oilseed,and their interface properties are crucial for oilseed processing.To elucidate the effect of interfacial proteins on the functional properties of high-oleic and normal peanut OBs,OBs were extracted using ultrasound-assisted aqueous enzymatic extraction(AEE),and the effects of ultrasonic power(100–500 W)and extraction time(0–30 min)on the interface properties were investigated.These results indicate that the interfacial protein content and interface properties of OBs can be significantly affected by ultrasonic treatment.The interfacial protein content of high-oleic peanut OBs increased from 88.25%to 91.95%after ultrasonic treatment,which was 1.4 times that of normal peanuts OBs.The emulsifying activity index(EAI)and emulsion stability index(ESI)values of both peanut OBs increased with the increase in ultrasonic power and extraction time.These results suggest that the emulsification ability of OBs may be closely related to the interfacial protein content and therefore can be regulated by altering the interfacial protein content using ultrasonic treatment.However,the particle size of OBs tends to increase under low ultrasonic power(0–200 W)owing to the increase in the interfacial protein content and aggregation effects,whereas it decreases under high ultrasonic power(300 W–500 W)due to cavitation effects.This pattern of change in particle size was also confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscopy,which indicated that high ultrasonic power suppressed the contribution of the interfacial protein content to the particle size,but still improved the emulsification ability of the OBs by reducing the particle size and increasing the interfacial tension.Therefore,regulating the interfacial protein content of peanut OBs by adjusting ultrasonic power is a promising way to improve their functional properties.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFD2100400,2023YFE0104900)Xinjiang Agriculture Research System-Oil Crop Research System,China(XJARS-05)+3 种基金Taishan Industrial Experts Programme,China(tscx202306075)the Scientific and Technological Assistance Projects to Developing Countries,China(KY202201003)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program,Institute of Food Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP-2024-IFST)The authors are grateful for the financial support from the Arawana Charity Foundation,China.
文摘Peanut varieties are diverse globally,with their characters and nutrition determining the product quality.However,the comparative analysis and statistical analysis of key quality indicators for peanut kernels across the world remains relatively limited,impeding the comprehensive evaluation of peanut quality and hindering the industry development on a global scale.This study aimed to compare and analyze the apparent morphology,microstructure,single-cell structure,engineering and mechanical properties,as well as major nutrient contents of peanut kernels from 10 different cultivars representing major peanut-producing countries.The surface and cross-section microstructure of the peanut kernels exhibited a dense“blocky”appearance with a distinct cellular structure.The lipid droplets were predominantly spherical with a regular distribution within the cells.The single-cell structure of the kernels from these 10 peanut cultivars demonstrated varying morphologies and dimensions,which exhibited correlations with their mechanical and engineering properties.Furthermore,the mass loss versus temperature profiles of the peanut kernels revealed five distinct stages,corresponding to moisture loss,volatile loss,protein denaturation,and the degradation of various biomacromolecules.Variations were also observed in the lipid,protein,and sucrose contents,texture,bulk density,true density,porosity,geometric mean diameter,and sphericity among the diferent peanut varieties.This study establishes relationships and correlations among microstructure,engineering properties,and nutritional composition of commonly grown peanut varieties in major peanut-processing countries.The findings provide valuable insights into peanut quality evaluation,empowering the peanut industry to enhance their processing and product development efforts.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFD1200400)the earmarked fund for CARS-13,the Major Science and Technology Projects of Henan Province,China(221100110300)the Henan Provincial R&D Program of Interregional Cooperation for Local Scientific and Technological Development Guided by Central Government,China(YDZX20214100004191)。
文摘Peanut kernels rich in oil,particularly those with oleic acid as their primary fatty acid,are in high demand among consumers,the food industry,and farmers due to their superior nutritional content,extended shelf life,and health benefits.The oil content and fatty acid composition are governed by multiple genetic factors.Identifying the quantitative trait loci(QTLs)related to these attributes will facilitate marker-assisted selection and genomic selection,thus enhancing quality-focused peanut breeding programs.For this purpose,we developed a population of 521 recombinant inbred lines(RILs)and tested their kernel quality traits across five different environments.We identified two major and stable QTLs for oil content,qOCAh12.1 and qOCAh16.1.The markers linked to these QTLs were designed by Kompetitive allele-specific PCR(KASP)and subsequently validated.Moreover,we found that the superior haplotype of oil content in the qOCAh16.1 region was conserved within the plant introduction(PI)germplasm cluster,as evidenced by a diverse peanut accession panel.In addition,we determined that qAh09 and qAh19.1,which harbor the key gene encoding fatty acid desaturase 2(FAD2),influence all seven fatty acids,palmitic,stearic,oleic,linoleic,arachidic,gadoleic,and behenic acids.Regarding the protein content and the long-chain saturated fatty acid behenic acid,qAh07 emerged as the major and stable QTL,accounting for over 10%of the phenotypic variation explained(PVE).These findings can enhance marker-assisted selection in peanut breeding,with the aim of improving the oil content,and deepen our understanding of the genetic mechanisms that shape fatty acid composition.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32161143006,32171997)the Earmarked Fund for CARS-13,and the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(No.CAAS-ASTIP-2021-OCRI).
文摘Bacterial wilt(BW)caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a wide-spread and serious disease in peanut.To date,this soilborne disease could only be effectively controlled by planting resistant peanut cultivars.However,the relatively lower yield potential of the available BW-resistant peanut cultivars is a key reason restricting productivity in most epidemic regions naturally infested with the pathogen.Even small pods or seeds and low number per plant has been regarded as the key factor for the low yield potential both in BW-resistant peanut germplasm lines and available released cultivars,whether the resistance is closely linked with key yield components remains unclear.In this study,the relationship between pod weight and BW resistance was analyzed by using a recombinant inbred lines(RIL)population derived from a crossing combination between a high yielding cultivar Xuhua 13 and a BW-resistant cultivar Zhonghua 6.From the experiments,it was found that the BW resistance was not significantly correlated with pod number per plant(PNP),hundred pod weight(HPW)and pod weight per plant(PWP)in the RIL population.Based on linkage analysis,the quantitative trait locus(QTL)s related to PNP were identified on A06,A07,A08 and B03.The QTLs for HPW were detected on A05 and A07,and the QTLs for PWP were on A06,A07 and B03.However,the QTL for BW resistance identified on B02.These results indicated that the BW resistance and the pod number per plant as well as pod weight were inherited independently.Two recombined lines(QT0944 and QT1028)with high level BW resistance and large pods(hundred pod weight over 185g)were identified from the RILs,and they possessed the favored alleles of identified QTLs from both parents,which could be used in peanut breeding for high yield and high level disease resistance.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(32072139)Liaoning Province Natural Science Foundation Project(2022-MS-307).
文摘How to reduce peanut allergies has always been a main food safety concern.Plant polyphenol complex peanut sensitizing protein was proposed as a new desensitization strategy.Gallic acid(GA),as a natural plant polyphenol,has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.Therefore,the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of GA on peanut protein(PP)sensitization under high moisture extrusion conditions.The contents of free sulfhydryl groups and disulfide bonds in the PP-GA complex were determined,and the structure of the complex was characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The results showed that with increasing GA content,the number of free sulfhydryl groups increased while the number of disulfide bonds decreased.The secondary structure of PP-GA showed that the random coils andβ-turns were transformed toα-helices andβ-sheets.A BALB/c mouse model was also established,wherein Al(OH)3 was used as an adjuvant when the complex was administered via intraperitoneal injection,and the mice showed mild allergic symptoms and a decreased immune organ index.In addition,the serum levels of specific antibodies(immunoglobulin E(IgE),immunoglobulin G1(IgG1),and immunoglobulin G2a(IgG2a)),cytokines(interleukin-5(IL-5),interleukin 13(IL-13),and interferon gamma(IFN-γ))and histamine were reduced.In summary,this study proved that GA can relieve the sensitization of PP induced by high moisture extrusion.
基金supported by the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(CAAS-ZDRW202416)the Foundation of Hubei Hongshan Laboratory(2021hszd015)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Major Projects of Hubei Province(2023BBA002)the Knowledge Innovation Program of Wuhan-Basi Research(2023020201010126)。
文摘Peanuts are important oilseed legume crops that are susceptible to contamination by Aspergillus flavus in soil,leading to serious economic losses.Previously,our research team developed the Aspergillus-Rihizobia coupling(ARC)microbial inoculants and found it can reduce A.flavus abundance in the soil and promote efficient nodulation in peanuts.However,the impact of ARC microbial inoculants on different resistant varieties of A.flavus remains unclear.In this study,we screened peanut varieties that were resistant and susceptible to A.flavus and evaluated their nodulation ability and growth performance after ARC microbial inoculants treatment in the field.The results demonstrated that the nodule number and nitrogenase activity of both varieties significantly increased after ARC microbial inoculants treatment,with the highly susceptible variety AH24 showing a greater increase.For photosynthetic parameters,both varieties also increased after ARC microbial inoculants treatment,but the increase was greater in the moderately resistant variety AH1 than in the highly susceptible variety AH24.Finally,we found that the yield and yield-related traits of the moderately resistant variety AH1 were better than those of the highly susceptible variety AH24.After ARC microbial inoculants treatment,the yield traits of both peanut varieties still increased significantly,but the degree of increase of the moderately resistant variety AH1 was smaller than that of the highly susceptible variety AH24.In addition,the abundance of A.flavus in the rhizosphere soil of the two varieties significantly decreased after ARC microbial inoculants treatment,with no significant difference between the varieties.These results indicated that ARC microbial inoculants exert differential effects on the nodulation and growth of different resistant peanut varieties and have a better effect on highly susceptible varieties.These results provide a solid theoretical basis for the efficient use of ARC microbial inoculants in the field of peanuts in the future.
基金support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(22401080)the Start-up Grant of Henan University of Technology(2023BS006)+1 种基金the Scientific and Technological Research Project of Henan Provincial Science and Technology Department(252102310394)The Youth Found of the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(242300420463).
文摘Peanut is a globally important leguminous crop and one of the most important oil crops.In response to the growing demand for high-quality peanut oil,advancements in processing technologies have led to significant improvements in oil quality.However,ensuring consistent quality remains a complex and ongoing challenge due to the multifaceted factors influencing peanut oil’s properties.This review synthesizes key scientific studies addressing these factors and explores the associated risks to oil quality and safety.Special attention is given to harmful contaminants such as aflatoxin B1(AFB1),3-chloro-1,2-propanediol esters(3-MCPDE),Benzo[a]pyrene(BaP),and trans-fatty acids(TFAs),which pose significant health risks and quality concerns.The review critically examines current detection methods for these contaminants and evaluates innovative removal strategies,such as biodegradation,physical refining,chemical treatments,and advanced adsorption techniques.Moreover,insights into the effects of raw material quality,processing conditions,and storage on oil quality were discussed.In conclusion,the review underscores the importance of adopting integrated approaches to control harmful substances while optimizing processing parameters to enhance peanut oil quality.These findings aim to guide researchers and industry practitioners in improving production practices,minimizing health risks,and providing safer and higher-quality peanut oil products for consumers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31301436)Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Jiangxi Province(20192BCB23006).
文摘In this work,the content of selenium(Se),physicochemical properties,and antioxidant capacity of Se-enriched peanut proteins isolate(S-PPI)and its fractions arachin(S-Arachin)and conarachin(S-Conarachin)were investigated.The S-PPI,S-Arachin,and S-Conarachin were prepared using natural Se-enriched peanut with alkali extraction,acid precipitation,and sedimentation coefficients method.The Se content of S-PPI(420.83μg/kg)was two times compared to ordinary peanut protein isolate(O-PPI,203.10μg/kg).Besides,the Se is more likely to bind with conarachin than arachin.The solubility curves of these peanut proteins at different pH were similar.The emulsifying activities and the emulsion stability of S-Arachin was relatively low,as well as its foaming activity and the foam stability was the lowest.The DPPH scavenging activity of peanut proteins were decreased in order of S-Conarachin,S-PPI,S-Arachin,and O-PPI,as well as reducing power and the superoxide radical scavenging activity.The antioxidant activity trend was similar to Se content distribution trend,suggesting that the content of Se is related to antioxidant activity.The finding may indicate that Se content played a positive role in promoting the antioxidant activity of peanut protein.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81872917 and 81741164)。
文摘The objective of this study was to verify the protective effect of Bifidobacterium longum(BL) and the synergistical effect of Selenium and BL on alcohol plus high fat diet(HFD) induced hepatic injury in mice. We also want to explore the mechanism of Selenium-enriched Bifidobacterium longum(Se BL). C57 BL/6 mice were treated with alcohol plus HFD with or without different dosage of BL or Se BL for 4 weeks. Serum levels of ALT, AST, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, FFAs, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, hepatic MDA level, SOD activity, the m RNA levels of AMPK, PPAR-α and SREBP1 were invested. Se BL inhibited lipid accumulation in hepatocytes;reduced serum AST and ALT levels;improved dyslipidemia;decreased serum FFAs, TC, TG and LDL-C levels. Se BL also inhibited alcohol plus HFD-induced hepatocyte oxidative stress through decrease in hepatic MDA levels and increase in SOD activity. Se BL also regulated lipid metabolism related genes such as AMPK, PPAR-α and SREBP1. Although BL had similar effect as Se BL, Se BL is more effective than BL. Se BL protected mice from alcohol plus HFD-induced hepatic injury in mice because of its inhibitory effect on hepatocellular oxidative stress, lipogenesis and inflammation. Selenium enhanced the protective effect of BL.
基金financial sponsored by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFC1604405)Fund of Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Plant Germplasm Resources(No.17DZ2252700)Research on the health function of tea and deep-processed products in preventing metabolic diseases(No.C-6105-20-074)。
文摘High-salt diet is well recognized as a risk factor for hypertension,and dietary intervention plays a critical role in the prevention of hypertension.The current study investigated the effects of selenium-enriched green tea(Se-GT)and ordinary green tea(GT)on prevention of hypertension of rats induced by high-salt diet,as well as their potential regulatory and mechanism.Our results showed that GT and Se-GT supplementations significantly prevented the increase of blood pressure(BP),activated the phosphoinosmde-3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt)signaling pathway,and regulated the gene expression related to BP,as well as improved the tissue damage like heart,liver,and kidneys.Besides,the key parameters associated with oxidative stress,inflammation and endothelial dysfunction were also altered by GT and Se-GT treatments.Importantly,GT or Se-GT administration adjusted the diversity and composition of the intestinal flora.Moreover,GT and Se-GT supplementations increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria and reduced the abundance of harmful or conditional pathogenic bacteria.More specifically,GT intake specifically and significantly enriched the relative abundance of Paraprevotella and Bacteroides,whereas Se-GT was characterized by specific and significant enrichment for Allobaculum and Bifidobacterium.Our results proved that dietary supplement of GT and Se-GT remarkably improved the vascular functions and effectively prevented tissue damage by regulation of intestinal flora,and thus preventing hypertension induced by high-salt diet.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD1100202)Shaanxi Social Science Fund Program of China(2018S30)Shaanxi Undergraduate Innovation Planning Project of China(201829041).
文摘As an important symbol of agricultural and sideline products in Ankang City,selenium-enriched tea affects the development of regional agricultural and sideline industries.In this paper,the development status and problems of the selenium-enriched tea products of Ankang were analyzed in terms of capital,technology,management and sales mode.This research is of positive significance to the development of selenium-enriched products and other agricultural and sideline products of health value,and plays a very important role in promoting the cultivation of village-level characteristic industries and the effective realization of targeted poverty alleviation.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Major Project of Guangxi(Guike AA17202026)Program for Scientific Research and Technology Development in Xixiangtant District of Nanning City(201710304)+7 种基金the Special Fund for the Innovation-Driven Development in Guangxi(Guike AA17202019-4&AA17202019)the Science and Technology Development Fund of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Guinongke 2017JM03)the Program for the Scientific Research and Technology Development in Guangxi(Guikehe415104001-22)the Fundamental Research Funds for Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Guinongke 2017YZ03)the Key Research and Development Program of Guangxi(Guike AB16380088)the Experiment Station for Selenium Featured Crops in Guangxi(Gui TS2016011)the Key Research and Development Program of Qingxiu District,Guangxi(2016039)the Scientific and Technological Transformative Project of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(NO.2017NZ04)
文摘[Objectives] The aims were to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins from selenium-enriched rice in Guangxi and provide references for the intensive processing and comprehensive utilization of selenium protein resources. [Methods]Selenium-enriched rice was used as materials to extract selenoproteins by phosphate buffer extraction method and to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins by using the orthogonal experiment. Proteins and selenium content was measured by Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 reagent and AFS（ atomic fluorescence spectrometry） respectively. [Results] The most significant factor affecting extraction of rice Selenoproteins was extraction NaO H concentration,followed by the ratio of solid-liquid,temperature and then extraction time. The optimum extraction conditions of selenoproteins from rice were extraction temperature of 50 ℃,NaO H concentration of 0. 14 mol/L,extraction time of 5 h,and solid-liquid ratio of 1∶ 30. [Conclusions]The alkali extraction process optimized by orthogonal test could effectively improve the extraction rate of selenoproteins,and the optimized process parameters could be popularized and applied in practical production.
