As one of the most important antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase（GPX） protects cells and tissues from oxidative damage, and plays an important role in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular injuries induced by o...As one of the most important antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase（GPX） protects cells and tissues from oxidative damage, and plays an important role in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular injuries induced by oxida- tive stress. The antioxidant effect of selenium-containing glutathione S-transferase（Se-GST）, a mimic of GPX was investigated on rat cardiomyocytes. To explore the protection function of Se-GST in hydrogen peroxide（H202） chal- lenged rat cardiomyocytes, we examined malondialdehyde（MDA）, lactate dehydrogenase（LDH）, superoxide dismu- tase（SOD） and cell apoptosis. The results demonstrate exposure of rat cardiomyocytes to H202 for 6 and 12 h induced the significant increases of MDA, LDH and apoptosis rate of cardiomyocytes, but pretreatment of rat cardiomyocytes with Se-GST at 0.0005 or 0.001 unit/mL prevents oxidative stress induced by H202 with the decreases of cell apopto- sis. All the results hint Se-GST has antioxidant activity for oxidative stress challenged rat cardiomyocvtes.展开更多
Daba Mountain area is one of the two endemic selenosis areas in China,which may relate with the environmental behaviors of selenium (Se) in soil.This study focuses on the concentraion and distribution of Se and its re...Daba Mountain area is one of the two endemic selenosis areas in China,which may relate with the environmental behaviors of selenium (Se) in soil.This study focuses on the concentraion and distribution of Se and its relationships with some other elements in natural soil in the area.The average concentration of Se in Daba Mountain soils was 14.3 times higher than the value cited for natural soil background worldwide,suggesting that soils in the region were contaminated by the element.The finding was confirmed...展开更多
Selenium nanoparticles(Se NPs) are less toxic and more biocompatible than selenite or selenate. However, studies involving spraying with Se NPs for reducing accumulation of cadmium(Cd) and lead(Pb) in rice grains have...Selenium nanoparticles(Se NPs) are less toxic and more biocompatible than selenite or selenate. However, studies involving spraying with Se NPs for reducing accumulation of cadmium(Cd) and lead(Pb) in rice grains have been rarely reported as yet. Herein, indica rice seedlings cultivated in Cd + Pb-spiked paddy soils(denoted as positive control) were sprayed with Se NPs sols for four times from tillering to booting stage. Compared to positive control, 50–100 μmol/L Se NPs downregulated Cd transporters-related genes such as Os LCT 1, OsH MA 2 and Os CCX2 in leaves and OsLCT1, Os PCR1 and Os CCX2 genes in node I at filling stage. Meanwhile, Se-binding protein 1 was distinctly elevated, involving the repression of Cd and Pb transportation to rice grains. Se NPs also differentially improved RuBP carboxylase and chlorophylls especially some key genes and proteins involving photosynthetic system. Besides, 25–50 μmol/L Se NPs diminished reactive oxygen species overproduction from NADPH oxidases whereas boosted glutathione peroxidase, reducing protein carbonylation in rice seedlings. However, the antioxidant isozymes and oxidatively modified proteins were slightly rebounded at 100 μmol/L. Se contents were noticeably elevated and confirmed to exist as selenomethionine in the rice grains following all the treatments by Se NPs. Thus, the optimal dosage of Se NPs for foliar application is 50 μmol/L, which significantly decreased Cd accumulation, improved photosynthesis and Se enrichment whereas caused no distinct reduction of Pb in the grains. Thus, an appropriate dosage of Se NPs can be conducted to decrease Cd accumulation, improve photosynthesis, and organic Se contents in rice grains.展开更多
Objective To investigate the effect on the structure of reestablished cartilage in vitro and CD44 expression on chondrocytes and compare the inducing effect on the reestablished cartilage in vitro between cor...Objective To investigate the effect on the structure of reestablished cartilage in vitro and CD44 expression on chondrocytes and compare the inducing effect on the reestablished cartilage in vitro between cortical bone matrix gelatin and cancellous bone matrix gelatin. Methods To plant human fetal chondrocytes on the BMG, the damage of the cultured chondrocytes was observed by the optical microscope (HE staining). The immunohistochemistry of CD44 was quantitative analysis by the image collection and analysis system. Results With the increasing concentration of T 2 toxin, the damage of chondroytes was more and more evident and CD44 expression was lowered. After adding selenium, the damage was relieved and CD44 expression increased. The density of chondrocytes on the cortical bone matrix gelatin was much higher than that on the cancellous bone matrix gelatin. Conclusion T 2 toxin can lower the CD44 expression on the chondrocytes and adding selenium can relieve the damage caused by T 2toxin and increased CD44 expression. The inducing effect on reestablished cartilage in vitro of cortical bone matrix gelatin was much higher than that of cancellous bone matrix gelatin.展开更多
Catalase （CAT） and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase （Se-GPx） play a vital role in protecting organisms against various oxidative stresses by eliminating H202, The objective of this paper is to evaluate th...Catalase （CAT） and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase （Se-GPx） play a vital role in protecting organisms against various oxidative stresses by eliminating H202, The objective of this paper is to evaluate the roles of these antioxidant molecules in the ridgetail white prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda in response to low salinity stress. A complementary DNA （cDNA） containing the complete coding sequence of CAT was cloned from the hepatopancreas using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） and rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The full-length cDNA of CAT （2 649 bp） contains a 5＇-untranslated region （UTR） of 78 bp, a 3＇- UTR of 1 017 bp, with a poly （A） tail, and an open reading frame of 1 554 bp encoding a 517-amino-acid polypeptide with predicted molecular mass of 58.46 kDa and estimated isoelectric point of 6.64. This CAT sequence contained the proximal active site signature （60FDRERIPERWHAKGAG76）, proximal heme-ligand signature sequence （350RLFSYPDTH358） and three catalytic amino acid residues （His71, Asn144 and Tyr354）. Sequence comparison showed that the CAT deduced amino acid sequence of E. carinicauda shared 68%-92% of identities with those of other species. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that CAT mRNA was widely expressed in the hepatopancreas （highest）, hemocyte, eyestalk, heart, gill, muscle, ovary and stomach. Under low salinity stress, CAT and GPx mRNA expression levels both in the gill and hepatopancreas increased significantly at the first 48 h and 6 h respectively, indicating a tissue- and time-dependent antioxidant response in E. carinicauda. All these results indicate that E. carinicauda CAT is a member of the CAT family and might be involved in the acute response against low salinity stress.展开更多
To study effects of vitamin E （VE） and selenium （Se） on dynamic variation rules, functions and metabolisms of different free radicals, 2 weeks age chicks were reared using four kinds of dietaries that differed in ...To study effects of vitamin E （VE） and selenium （Se） on dynamic variation rules, functions and metabolisms of different free radicals, 2 weeks age chicks were reared using four kinds of dietaries that differed in their VE and Se content. Free radicals in blood and tissues of broiler chicks were detected directly or indirectly using electron spin resonance （ESR） testing and biology chemistry methods. Results showed that NO free radical contents were decreasing due to the increasing of VE supplement in dietary and VE level was negatively correlated with NO free radicals. High Se supplement dietaries had the trend to induce the produce of NO free radicals. High VE and Se level dietaries significantly enhanced activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） in serum and liver. Depending on time, SOD and GSH-Px activities were declining and increasing respectively, which indicated that being short of VE and/or Se in dietaries could link to the produce of O-2, H2O2 free radicals. With the deficiency lasting, organism would continuously produce large amounts of O-2 free radicals but H2O2 free radicals were just produced explosively at the beginning of deficiency and than tended to be steady. Low VE and/or Se levels in dietaries could remarkably enhance malondialdehyde（MDA）contents in tissues and the effect of low Se was stronger. VE and Se in dietary had synergic effect on metabolisms of NO, O-2 and H2O2 free radicals.展开更多
Objective To investigate the effect of deoxynivalenol (DON) and selenium (Se) on the morphology of chondrocytes and the metabolism of cartilage matrix, and the expression of aggrecanase-1, 2 mRNA in monolayer cultured...Objective To investigate the effect of deoxynivalenol (DON) and selenium (Se) on the morphology of chondrocytes and the metabolism of cartilage matrix, and the expression of aggrecanase-1, 2 mRNA in monolayer cultured chondrocytes in vitro. Methods To plant human fetal chondrocytes on the BMG, the expression of Aggrecanase-1, 2 mRNA were analyzed by RT-PCR, the immunohistochemistry of NITEGE epitope was quantitativly analyzed by the image collection and analysis system. Results With the increase of the concentration of DON, the damage of cultured chondrocytes was more and more severe; the expression of NITEGE epitope showed an increasing trend and the fluorescent bands of aggrecanase-1, 2 mRNA were more and more obvious. After adding Se, the damage was relieved, and there was a decreasing trend of NITEGE epitope expressed in matrix. Conclusion DON can enhance transcription of aggrecanase gene and increase the expression of NITEGE epitope which eventually lead to the metabolic disorder of cartilage proteoglycan. It suggested that Se can partially alleviate the damage of DON on cartilage, but can not completely prevent the occurrence of these changes.展开更多
Tumor angiogenesis is closely related to tumor development,immune escape,and drug resistance.Therefore,the development of effective anti-tumor angiogenesis drugs is of great research significance.Although the current ...Tumor angiogenesis is closely related to tumor development,immune escape,and drug resistance.Therefore,the development of effective anti-tumor angiogenesis drugs is of great research significance.Although the current clinical angiogenesis inhibitors have achieved certain efficacy,they also pose the problems of limited and short duration of efficacy,drug resistance,and intrinsic toxicity.Anti-tumor angiogenesis strategies targeting endothelial cells(ECs)have attracted widespread attention in the development of highly effective and low toxicity anti-angiogenesis inhibitors.Studies have verified that the trace element selenium(Se)can inhibit tumor growth by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis through different mechanisms.Nevertheless,it is unclear whether Se speciation has different effects on anti-tumor angiogenesis.Herein,we found that Se exhibited effective anti-angiogenic activity,and its mechanisms of activity were determined by its chemical speciation.Organic Se can significantly inhibit tumor angiogenesis by targeting thioredoxin reductase(TrxR)to trigger cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest and by increasing reactive oxygen species(ROS)production in ECs.Inorganic Se can induce cell cycle arrest and increase ROS production in ECs,showing promising anti-angiogenic effects.Se nanoparticles(SeNPs)slightly inhibit tumor angiogenesis by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest and by increasing the production of ROS.In summary,this study elucidates the anti-angiogenic activity of Se speciation control with a view to providing a scientific reference for the design and development of novel Se-based highly effective and low toxicity angiogenesis inhibitors.展开更多
The use of two-dimensional(2D)layered metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)as self-sacrificial templates has been proven to be a successful method to create high-efficiency Selenium(Se)-containing electrocatalysts for overal...The use of two-dimensional(2D)layered metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)as self-sacrificial templates has been proven to be a successful method to create high-efficiency Selenium(Se)-containing electrocatalysts for overall water splitting.Herein,two strategies are then utilized to introduce Se element into the Co–Fe MOF,one being the etching of as-prepared MOF by SeO_(2) solution,and the other,the replacing of SCN−with SeCN−as the construction unit.The electrochemical activity of the pristine 2D MOF and their calcinated derivatives for catalyzing the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is evaluated and further discussed.It is found that the effect of introducing Se on improving electrochemical catalytic activity is significant for the HER process.Specifically,the calcinated derivative in the replacing method exhibits an overpotential of 235 mV for HER and 270 mV for OER at a current density of 10 mA/cm2.For comparing the two methods of introducing Se element into MOF,similar electrocatalytic activity can be achieved on the their calcinated derivatives.The high electrochemical performance of 2D CoFe-MOF derivatives may be resulted from the unique 2D hierarchical porous structure and strong synergistic effect between different components in the material.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.30870540,30970633)
文摘As one of the most important antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase（GPX） protects cells and tissues from oxidative damage, and plays an important role in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular injuries induced by oxida- tive stress. The antioxidant effect of selenium-containing glutathione S-transferase（Se-GST）, a mimic of GPX was investigated on rat cardiomyocytes. To explore the protection function of Se-GST in hydrogen peroxide（H202） chal- lenged rat cardiomyocytes, we examined malondialdehyde（MDA）, lactate dehydrogenase（LDH）, superoxide dismu- tase（SOD） and cell apoptosis. The results demonstrate exposure of rat cardiomyocytes to H202 for 6 and 12 h induced the significant increases of MDA, LDH and apoptosis rate of cardiomyocytes, but pretreatment of rat cardiomyocytes with Se-GST at 0.0005 or 0.001 unit/mL prevents oxidative stress induced by H202 with the decreases of cell apopto- sis. All the results hint Se-GST has antioxidant activity for oxidative stress challenged rat cardiomyocvtes.
文摘Daba Mountain area is one of the two endemic selenosis areas in China,which may relate with the environmental behaviors of selenium (Se) in soil.This study focuses on the concentraion and distribution of Se and its relationships with some other elements in natural soil in the area.The average concentration of Se in Daba Mountain soils was 14.3 times higher than the value cited for natural soil background worldwide,suggesting that soils in the region were contaminated by the element.The finding was confirmed...
基金supported by the Major Project of Science and Technology of Anhui Province(No.18030701189)。
文摘Selenium nanoparticles(Se NPs) are less toxic and more biocompatible than selenite or selenate. However, studies involving spraying with Se NPs for reducing accumulation of cadmium(Cd) and lead(Pb) in rice grains have been rarely reported as yet. Herein, indica rice seedlings cultivated in Cd + Pb-spiked paddy soils(denoted as positive control) were sprayed with Se NPs sols for four times from tillering to booting stage. Compared to positive control, 50–100 μmol/L Se NPs downregulated Cd transporters-related genes such as Os LCT 1, OsH MA 2 and Os CCX2 in leaves and OsLCT1, Os PCR1 and Os CCX2 genes in node I at filling stage. Meanwhile, Se-binding protein 1 was distinctly elevated, involving the repression of Cd and Pb transportation to rice grains. Se NPs also differentially improved RuBP carboxylase and chlorophylls especially some key genes and proteins involving photosynthetic system. Besides, 25–50 μmol/L Se NPs diminished reactive oxygen species overproduction from NADPH oxidases whereas boosted glutathione peroxidase, reducing protein carbonylation in rice seedlings. However, the antioxidant isozymes and oxidatively modified proteins were slightly rebounded at 100 μmol/L. Se contents were noticeably elevated and confirmed to exist as selenomethionine in the rice grains following all the treatments by Se NPs. Thus, the optimal dosage of Se NPs for foliar application is 50 μmol/L, which significantly decreased Cd accumulation, improved photosynthesis and Se enrichment whereas caused no distinct reduction of Pb in the grains. Thus, an appropriate dosage of Se NPs can be conducted to decrease Cd accumulation, improve photosynthesis, and organic Se contents in rice grains.
文摘Objective To investigate the effect on the structure of reestablished cartilage in vitro and CD44 expression on chondrocytes and compare the inducing effect on the reestablished cartilage in vitro between cortical bone matrix gelatin and cancellous bone matrix gelatin. Methods To plant human fetal chondrocytes on the BMG, the damage of the cultured chondrocytes was observed by the optical microscope (HE staining). The immunohistochemistry of CD44 was quantitative analysis by the image collection and analysis system. Results With the increasing concentration of T 2 toxin, the damage of chondroytes was more and more evident and CD44 expression was lowered. After adding selenium, the damage was relieved and CD44 expression increased. The density of chondrocytes on the cortical bone matrix gelatin was much higher than that on the cancellous bone matrix gelatin. Conclusion T 2 toxin can lower the CD44 expression on the chondrocytes and adding selenium can relieve the damage caused by T 2toxin and increased CD44 expression. The inducing effect on reestablished cartilage in vitro of cortical bone matrix gelatin was much higher than that of cancellous bone matrix gelatin.
基金The Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System under contract No.CARS-47the National High-tech R&D Program(863 Program) of China under contract No.2012AA10A409+1 种基金the Special Fund for Independent Innovation of Shandong Province under contract No.2013CX80202the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest under contract No.201103034
文摘Catalase （CAT） and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase （Se-GPx） play a vital role in protecting organisms against various oxidative stresses by eliminating H202, The objective of this paper is to evaluate the roles of these antioxidant molecules in the ridgetail white prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda in response to low salinity stress. A complementary DNA （cDNA） containing the complete coding sequence of CAT was cloned from the hepatopancreas using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） and rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The full-length cDNA of CAT （2 649 bp） contains a 5＇-untranslated region （UTR） of 78 bp, a 3＇- UTR of 1 017 bp, with a poly （A） tail, and an open reading frame of 1 554 bp encoding a 517-amino-acid polypeptide with predicted molecular mass of 58.46 kDa and estimated isoelectric point of 6.64. This CAT sequence contained the proximal active site signature （60FDRERIPERWHAKGAG76）, proximal heme-ligand signature sequence （350RLFSYPDTH358） and three catalytic amino acid residues （His71, Asn144 and Tyr354）. Sequence comparison showed that the CAT deduced amino acid sequence of E. carinicauda shared 68%-92% of identities with those of other species. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that CAT mRNA was widely expressed in the hepatopancreas （highest）, hemocyte, eyestalk, heart, gill, muscle, ovary and stomach. Under low salinity stress, CAT and GPx mRNA expression levels both in the gill and hepatopancreas increased significantly at the first 48 h and 6 h respectively, indicating a tissue- and time-dependent antioxidant response in E. carinicauda. All these results indicate that E. carinicauda CAT is a member of the CAT family and might be involved in the acute response against low salinity stress.
基金Item supported by science and technologycommission of Shanghai (No.033919417)
文摘To study effects of vitamin E （VE） and selenium （Se） on dynamic variation rules, functions and metabolisms of different free radicals, 2 weeks age chicks were reared using four kinds of dietaries that differed in their VE and Se content. Free radicals in blood and tissues of broiler chicks were detected directly or indirectly using electron spin resonance （ESR） testing and biology chemistry methods. Results showed that NO free radical contents were decreasing due to the increasing of VE supplement in dietary and VE level was negatively correlated with NO free radicals. High Se supplement dietaries had the trend to induce the produce of NO free radicals. High VE and Se level dietaries significantly enhanced activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） in serum and liver. Depending on time, SOD and GSH-Px activities were declining and increasing respectively, which indicated that being short of VE and/or Se in dietaries could link to the produce of O-2, H2O2 free radicals. With the deficiency lasting, organism would continuously produce large amounts of O-2 free radicals but H2O2 free radicals were just produced explosively at the beginning of deficiency and than tended to be steady. Low VE and/or Se levels in dietaries could remarkably enhance malondialdehyde（MDA）contents in tissues and the effect of low Se was stronger. VE and Se in dietary had synergic effect on metabolisms of NO, O-2 and H2O2 free radicals.
文摘Objective To investigate the effect of deoxynivalenol (DON) and selenium (Se) on the morphology of chondrocytes and the metabolism of cartilage matrix, and the expression of aggrecanase-1, 2 mRNA in monolayer cultured chondrocytes in vitro. Methods To plant human fetal chondrocytes on the BMG, the expression of Aggrecanase-1, 2 mRNA were analyzed by RT-PCR, the immunohistochemistry of NITEGE epitope was quantitativly analyzed by the image collection and analysis system. Results With the increase of the concentration of DON, the damage of cultured chondrocytes was more and more severe; the expression of NITEGE epitope showed an increasing trend and the fluorescent bands of aggrecanase-1, 2 mRNA were more and more obvious. After adding Se, the damage was relieved, and there was a decreasing trend of NITEGE epitope expressed in matrix. Conclusion DON can enhance transcription of aggrecanase gene and increase the expression of NITEGE epitope which eventually lead to the metabolic disorder of cartilage proteoglycan. It suggested that Se can partially alleviate the damage of DON on cartilage, but can not completely prevent the occurrence of these changes.
基金funded by Science and Technology Projects in Guangzhou(No.202102010083)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32201062)Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.202201010339).
文摘Tumor angiogenesis is closely related to tumor development,immune escape,and drug resistance.Therefore,the development of effective anti-tumor angiogenesis drugs is of great research significance.Although the current clinical angiogenesis inhibitors have achieved certain efficacy,they also pose the problems of limited and short duration of efficacy,drug resistance,and intrinsic toxicity.Anti-tumor angiogenesis strategies targeting endothelial cells(ECs)have attracted widespread attention in the development of highly effective and low toxicity anti-angiogenesis inhibitors.Studies have verified that the trace element selenium(Se)can inhibit tumor growth by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis through different mechanisms.Nevertheless,it is unclear whether Se speciation has different effects on anti-tumor angiogenesis.Herein,we found that Se exhibited effective anti-angiogenic activity,and its mechanisms of activity were determined by its chemical speciation.Organic Se can significantly inhibit tumor angiogenesis by targeting thioredoxin reductase(TrxR)to trigger cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest and by increasing reactive oxygen species(ROS)production in ECs.Inorganic Se can induce cell cycle arrest and increase ROS production in ECs,showing promising anti-angiogenic effects.Se nanoparticles(SeNPs)slightly inhibit tumor angiogenesis by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest and by increasing the production of ROS.In summary,this study elucidates the anti-angiogenic activity of Se speciation control with a view to providing a scientific reference for the design and development of novel Se-based highly effective and low toxicity angiogenesis inhibitors.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22250710676)the Excellent Discipline Cultivation Project of Jianghan University,China(No.2023XKZ039)the Fundamental Research Funds for State Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting of Jianghan University,China(No.PBSKL2022202),the Minjiang Scholar Program of Fujian Province,China.
文摘The use of two-dimensional(2D)layered metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)as self-sacrificial templates has been proven to be a successful method to create high-efficiency Selenium(Se)-containing electrocatalysts for overall water splitting.Herein,two strategies are then utilized to introduce Se element into the Co–Fe MOF,one being the etching of as-prepared MOF by SeO_(2) solution,and the other,the replacing of SCN−with SeCN−as the construction unit.The electrochemical activity of the pristine 2D MOF and their calcinated derivatives for catalyzing the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is evaluated and further discussed.It is found that the effect of introducing Se on improving electrochemical catalytic activity is significant for the HER process.Specifically,the calcinated derivative in the replacing method exhibits an overpotential of 235 mV for HER and 270 mV for OER at a current density of 10 mA/cm2.For comparing the two methods of introducing Se element into MOF,similar electrocatalytic activity can be achieved on the their calcinated derivatives.The high electrochemical performance of 2D CoFe-MOF derivatives may be resulted from the unique 2D hierarchical porous structure and strong synergistic effect between different components in the material.
