Allelochemicals of Chinese-fir root was extracted by technology ofsupercritical CO_2 extraction under orthogonal experiment design, and it was used to analyzeallelopathic activity of Chinese-fir through bioassay of se...Allelochemicals of Chinese-fir root was extracted by technology ofsupercritical CO_2 extraction under orthogonal experiment design, and it was used to analyzeallelopathic activity of Chinese-fir through bioassay of seed germination. The results showed thatas to the available rate of allelochemicals, the pressure and temperature of extraction were themost important factors. The allelochemicals of Chinese-fir root extracted by pure CO_2 and ethanolmixed with CO_2 have different allelopathic activities to seed germination, and the allelochemicalsextracted by ethanol mixed with CO_2 had stronger inhibitory effects on seed germination than thatextracted by pure CO_2.展开更多
Orobanche spp. （broomrapes） are holoparasitic plants distributed predominantly in the Northern Hemisphere parasitizing the roots of a range of plant species mainly in wild ecosystems. Orobanche species cause severe ...Orobanche spp. （broomrapes） are holoparasitic plants distributed predominantly in the Northern Hemisphere parasitizing the roots of a range of plant species mainly in wild ecosystems. Orobanche species cause severe yield reduction of many important crops. There are only very few herbicides which are able to selectively control broomrapes and different approaches have been put forward to develop natural product based pesticides to control Orobanche. Several phytopathogenic fungi were evaluated for their use as potential mycoherbicide and for ability to produce toxic metabolites which could be applied as herbicides. Using the alternative approach ＂suicidal germination＂, interesting results were obtained by testing two microbial metabolites （fusicoccins and ophiobolin A） especially with Orobanche species whose germination is not induced by the synthetic strigolactone GR24. From pea root exudates, peagol and peagoldione, close related to strigolactones, and three polyphenols, named peapolyphenols A-C, together with already well known polyphenol and a chalcone, were isolated. They showed a selective stimulation of Orobanche seed germination with the last two and peapolyphenol A showing a specific stimulatory activity on O. foetida. This review describes the most recent results achieved on Orobanche bio-control, mainly focusing on those regarding O. ramosa, O. crenata and O. foetida.展开更多
The plant hormone abscisic acid(ABA)is crucial for plant seed germination and abiotic stress tolerance.However,the association between ABA sensitivity and plant abiotic stress tolerance remains largely unknown.In this...The plant hormone abscisic acid(ABA)is crucial for plant seed germination and abiotic stress tolerance.However,the association between ABA sensitivity and plant abiotic stress tolerance remains largely unknown.In this study,436 rice accessions were assessed for their sensitivity to ABA during seed germination.The considerable diversity in ABA sensitivity among rice germplasm accessions was primarily reflected by the differentiation between the Xian(indica)and Geng(japonica)subspecies and between the upland-Geng and lowland-Geng ecotypes.The upland-Geng accessions were most sensitive to ABA.Genome-wide association analyses identified four major quantitative trait loci containing21 candidate genes associated with ABA sensitivity of which a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor gene,OsbHLH38,was the most important for ABA sensitivity.Comprehensive functional analyses using knockout and overexpression transgenic lines revealed that OsbHLH38 expression was responsive to multiple abiotic stresses.Overexpression of OsbHLH38 increased seedling salt tolerance,while knockout of OsbHLH38 increased sensitivity to salt stress.A salt-responsive transcription factor,OsDREB2A,interacted with OsbHLH38 and was directly regulated by OsbHLH38.Moreover,OsbHLH38 affected rice abiotic stress tolerance by mediating the expression of a large set of transporter genes of phytohormones,transcription factor genes,and many downstream genes with diverse functions,including photosynthesis,redox homeostasis,and abiotic stress responsiveness.These results demonstrated that OsbHLH38 is a key regulator in plant abiotic stress tolerance.展开更多
Seed aging adversely affects agricultural productivity by reducing germination rates and seedling vigor,leading to significant costs for seed banks and companies due to the need for frequent seed renewals.This study d...Seed aging adversely affects agricultural productivity by reducing germination rates and seedling vigor,leading to significant costs for seed banks and companies due to the need for frequent seed renewals.This study demonstrated the use of plasma-activated water(PAW),generated by a solar-powered corona dielectric barrier discharger,to enhance germination rates of spinach seeds that had been stored at 4℃ for 23 years.Treating seeds with PAW at 17 kV for 15 min improved germination(by 135%)and seedling growth compared to untreated seeds.Through detailed analysis,beneficial PAW properties for seed development were identified,and a molecular mechanism for this rejuvenation is proposed.The solar-powered microreactor used in this study is considered to represent a significant advancement in seed treatment technology,offering a sustainable solution to meet growing food demands while addressing environmental and resource sustainability challenges.展开更多
基金This paper was supported by Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (B0010020)
文摘Allelochemicals of Chinese-fir root was extracted by technology ofsupercritical CO_2 extraction under orthogonal experiment design, and it was used to analyzeallelopathic activity of Chinese-fir through bioassay of seed germination. The results showed thatas to the available rate of allelochemicals, the pressure and temperature of extraction were themost important factors. The allelochemicals of Chinese-fir root extracted by pure CO_2 and ethanolmixed with CO_2 have different allelopathic activities to seed germination, and the allelochemicalsextracted by ethanol mixed with CO_2 had stronger inhibitory effects on seed germination than thatextracted by pure CO_2.
文摘Orobanche spp. （broomrapes） are holoparasitic plants distributed predominantly in the Northern Hemisphere parasitizing the roots of a range of plant species mainly in wild ecosystems. Orobanche species cause severe yield reduction of many important crops. There are only very few herbicides which are able to selectively control broomrapes and different approaches have been put forward to develop natural product based pesticides to control Orobanche. Several phytopathogenic fungi were evaluated for their use as potential mycoherbicide and for ability to produce toxic metabolites which could be applied as herbicides. Using the alternative approach ＂suicidal germination＂, interesting results were obtained by testing two microbial metabolites （fusicoccins and ophiobolin A） especially with Orobanche species whose germination is not induced by the synthetic strigolactone GR24. From pea root exudates, peagol and peagoldione, close related to strigolactones, and three polyphenols, named peapolyphenols A-C, together with already well known polyphenol and a chalcone, were isolated. They showed a selective stimulation of Orobanche seed germination with the last two and peapolyphenol A showing a specific stimulatory activity on O. foetida. This review describes the most recent results achieved on Orobanche bio-control, mainly focusing on those regarding O. ramosa, O. crenata and O. foetida.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFE0202300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971928)+2 种基金the Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab Project(B23CJ0208,B21HJ0223,and B21HJ0508)the CAAS Innovative Team Award(to BYF and WSW)the National High-level Personnel of Special Support Program(to WSW)。
文摘The plant hormone abscisic acid(ABA)is crucial for plant seed germination and abiotic stress tolerance.However,the association between ABA sensitivity and plant abiotic stress tolerance remains largely unknown.In this study,436 rice accessions were assessed for their sensitivity to ABA during seed germination.The considerable diversity in ABA sensitivity among rice germplasm accessions was primarily reflected by the differentiation between the Xian(indica)and Geng(japonica)subspecies and between the upland-Geng and lowland-Geng ecotypes.The upland-Geng accessions were most sensitive to ABA.Genome-wide association analyses identified four major quantitative trait loci containing21 candidate genes associated with ABA sensitivity of which a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor gene,OsbHLH38,was the most important for ABA sensitivity.Comprehensive functional analyses using knockout and overexpression transgenic lines revealed that OsbHLH38 expression was responsive to multiple abiotic stresses.Overexpression of OsbHLH38 increased seedling salt tolerance,while knockout of OsbHLH38 increased sensitivity to salt stress.A salt-responsive transcription factor,OsDREB2A,interacted with OsbHLH38 and was directly regulated by OsbHLH38.Moreover,OsbHLH38 affected rice abiotic stress tolerance by mediating the expression of a large set of transporter genes of phytohormones,transcription factor genes,and many downstream genes with diverse functions,including photosynthesis,redox homeostasis,and abiotic stress responsiveness.These results demonstrated that OsbHLH38 is a key regulator in plant abiotic stress tolerance.
基金funded by the Arkansas Agriculture Experiment Station of the University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture and the Center for Agricultural and Rural Sustainability(Hatch project:ARK02604).
文摘Seed aging adversely affects agricultural productivity by reducing germination rates and seedling vigor,leading to significant costs for seed banks and companies due to the need for frequent seed renewals.This study demonstrated the use of plasma-activated water(PAW),generated by a solar-powered corona dielectric barrier discharger,to enhance germination rates of spinach seeds that had been stored at 4℃ for 23 years.Treating seeds with PAW at 17 kV for 15 min improved germination(by 135%)and seedling growth compared to untreated seeds.Through detailed analysis,beneficial PAW properties for seed development were identified,and a molecular mechanism for this rejuvenation is proposed.The solar-powered microreactor used in this study is considered to represent a significant advancement in seed treatment technology,offering a sustainable solution to meet growing food demands while addressing environmental and resource sustainability challenges.
