In IEC,we have the vision of an all-electric and connected society in which regenerative electrical energy is economically accessible for everybody as the primary form of energy,sustainably powering the growth of our ...In IEC,we have the vision of an all-electric and connected society in which regenerative electrical energy is economically accessible for everybody as the primary form of energy,sustainably powering the growth of our society.It is a vision that we can make it come true,but what do we need for it?The first step will be the coupling of different sectors.At the moment,these sectors are very independent from each other.So we need to generate energy for all of them simultaneously.What we will do in the future is that those sectors are coupled with a data link.When all those sectors can talk to each other,we will need less energy because we can better balance it.展开更多
An analytical method, using sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （SF-ICP-MS） for rapid simultaneous determination of Be, Na, Mg, Si, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Sn, Sb, Pb and Bi in e...An analytical method, using sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （SF-ICP-MS） for rapid simultaneous determination of Be, Na, Mg, Si, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Sn, Sb, Pb and Bi in electrolytic manganese metal, was described. At the beginning, the samples were decomposed by HNO3 and H2504, and then analyzed by SF-ICP-MS. Most of the spectral interferences could be avoided by measuring in different mass resolution modes. The matrix effects due to the excess of sulfuric acid and Mn were evaluated. Correction of matrix effects was conducted by using the internal standard elements. The optimum condition for the determination was investigated and discussed. The detection limit is in the range of 0.001-0.169 gg/L. The current method is applied to the determination of trace impurities in electrolytic manganese metal. And experiments show that good results can be obtained much faster, more accurately and conveniently by current method.展开更多
The global energy transition is a widespread phenomenon that requires international exchange of experiences and mutual learning.Germany’s success in its first phase of energy transition can be attributed to its adopt...The global energy transition is a widespread phenomenon that requires international exchange of experiences and mutual learning.Germany’s success in its first phase of energy transition can be attributed to its adoption of smart energy technology and implementation of electricity futures and spot marketization,which enabled the achievement of multiple energy spatial–temporal complementarities and overall grid balance through energy conversion and reconversion technologies.While China can draw from Germany’s experience to inform its own energy transition efforts,its 11-fold higher annual electricity consumption requires a distinct approach.We recommend a clean energy system based on smart sector coupling(ENSYSCO)as a suitable pathway for achieving sustainable energy in China,given that renewable energy is expected to guarantee 85%of China’s energy production by 2060,requiring significant future electricity storage capacity.Nonetheless,renewable energy storage remains a significant challenge.We propose four large-scale underground energy storage methods based on ENSYSCO to address this challenge,while considering China’s national conditions.These proposals have culminated in pilot projects for large-scale underground energy storage in China,which we believe is a necessary choice for achieving carbon neutrality in China and enabling efficient and safe grid integration of renewable energy within the framework of ENSYSCO.展开更多
This study presents a techno-economic assessment of power-to-gas and power-to-liquid pathways within the hydrogen valley concept to support the decarbonization of local energy systems.Using the EnergyPLAN software,bot...This study presents a techno-economic assessment of power-to-gas and power-to-liquid pathways within the hydrogen valley concept to support the decarbonization of local energy systems.Using the EnergyPLAN software,both business-as-usual(BAU)and hydrogen valley scenarios were analyzed by varying renewable energy,electrolyzer capacity,and hydrogen storage.The levelized costs of green hydrogen,electrofuels,and synthetic natural gas(SNG)were estimated for both scenarios.A sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the impact of cost parameters on the levelized costs of hydrogen and alternative fuel production.The findings indicate that the hydrogen valley scenario results in a 5.6%increase in total annual costs but achieves a 29.5%reduction in CO_(2)emissions compared to the BAU scenario.Additionally,utilizing excess energy for power-to-gas and power-to-liquid conversion in the hydrogen valley scenario lowers the levelized cost of electrofuels from 0.28€·kWh^(-1)to 0.22€·kWh^(-1).Similarly,the levelized cost of SNG decreases from 0.33€·kWh^(-1)to 0.25€·kWh^(-1)when transitioning from the BAU scenario to the hydrogen valley scenario.The results highlight that hydrogen valleys enable low-emission energy systems with cost-effective alternative fuels,underscoring the trade-offs between deep decarbonization and cost optimization in the transition to clean energy systems.展开更多
文摘In IEC,we have the vision of an all-electric and connected society in which regenerative electrical energy is economically accessible for everybody as the primary form of energy,sustainably powering the growth of our society.It is a vision that we can make it come true,but what do we need for it?The first step will be the coupling of different sectors.At the moment,these sectors are very independent from each other.So we need to generate energy for all of them simultaneously.What we will do in the future is that those sectors are coupled with a data link.When all those sectors can talk to each other,we will need less energy because we can better balance it.
基金Project(21075138)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(cstc2013jcyjA10088)supported by Chongqing Natural Science Foundation,ChinaProject(KJ121311)supported by Scientific and Technological Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission,China
文摘An analytical method, using sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （SF-ICP-MS） for rapid simultaneous determination of Be, Na, Mg, Si, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Sn, Sb, Pb and Bi in electrolytic manganese metal, was described. At the beginning, the samples were decomposed by HNO3 and H2504, and then analyzed by SF-ICP-MS. Most of the spectral interferences could be avoided by measuring in different mass resolution modes. The matrix effects due to the excess of sulfuric acid and Mn were evaluated. Correction of matrix effects was conducted by using the internal standard elements. The optimum condition for the determination was investigated and discussed. The detection limit is in the range of 0.001-0.169 gg/L. The current method is applied to the determination of trace impurities in electrolytic manganese metal. And experiments show that good results can be obtained much faster, more accurately and conveniently by current method.
基金Henan Institute for Chinese Development Strategy of Engineering&Technology(No.2022HENZDA02)the Science&Technology Department of Sichuan Province(No.2021YFH0010)。
文摘The global energy transition is a widespread phenomenon that requires international exchange of experiences and mutual learning.Germany’s success in its first phase of energy transition can be attributed to its adoption of smart energy technology and implementation of electricity futures and spot marketization,which enabled the achievement of multiple energy spatial–temporal complementarities and overall grid balance through energy conversion and reconversion technologies.While China can draw from Germany’s experience to inform its own energy transition efforts,its 11-fold higher annual electricity consumption requires a distinct approach.We recommend a clean energy system based on smart sector coupling(ENSYSCO)as a suitable pathway for achieving sustainable energy in China,given that renewable energy is expected to guarantee 85%of China’s energy production by 2060,requiring significant future electricity storage capacity.Nonetheless,renewable energy storage remains a significant challenge.We propose four large-scale underground energy storage methods based on ENSYSCO to address this challenge,while considering China’s national conditions.These proposals have culminated in pilot projects for large-scale underground energy storage in China,which we believe is a necessary choice for achieving carbon neutrality in China and enabling efficient and safe grid integration of renewable energy within the framework of ENSYSCO.
基金funded by the“PRINsingle bondHERA-Holistic Energy Recovery Agent Tool for Sustainable Urban Clusters”project(PRIN 2022-code:2022P7HAJF).
文摘This study presents a techno-economic assessment of power-to-gas and power-to-liquid pathways within the hydrogen valley concept to support the decarbonization of local energy systems.Using the EnergyPLAN software,both business-as-usual(BAU)and hydrogen valley scenarios were analyzed by varying renewable energy,electrolyzer capacity,and hydrogen storage.The levelized costs of green hydrogen,electrofuels,and synthetic natural gas(SNG)were estimated for both scenarios.A sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the impact of cost parameters on the levelized costs of hydrogen and alternative fuel production.The findings indicate that the hydrogen valley scenario results in a 5.6%increase in total annual costs but achieves a 29.5%reduction in CO_(2)emissions compared to the BAU scenario.Additionally,utilizing excess energy for power-to-gas and power-to-liquid conversion in the hydrogen valley scenario lowers the levelized cost of electrofuels from 0.28€·kWh^(-1)to 0.22€·kWh^(-1).Similarly,the levelized cost of SNG decreases from 0.33€·kWh^(-1)to 0.25€·kWh^(-1)when transitioning from the BAU scenario to the hydrogen valley scenario.The results highlight that hydrogen valleys enable low-emission energy systems with cost-effective alternative fuels,underscoring the trade-offs between deep decarbonization and cost optimization in the transition to clean energy systems.
