In this paper, the author will mainly focus on analysis about the differences between characteristics of older learners and young learners in learning second/foreign language.
The paper aims to examine the application of multimedia technology in expanding vocabulary in second language acquisition.Incorporating innovative technology such as mobile applications,gaming applications,websites,an...The paper aims to examine the application of multimedia technology in expanding vocabulary in second language acquisition.Incorporating innovative technology such as mobile applications,gaming applications,websites,and other related online tools has increased learners’vocabulary mastery,engagement,and motivation levels.Interactional processes like media-embedded objects,teach-learning capacity algorithms,and feedback help learners receive the course in a personalized way that considers individual learning patterns or abilities.However,there are the following challenges:accessibility issues,total reliance on technology,and issues related to privacy.The following challenges affecting learning that arise from using gadgets:the digital divide,limited device access,and environmental issues that may distract a learner in a technology-enabled environment.Moreover,the security issue for data and the ethical question of users’information remain important too.Hence,the paper provides arguments that although these technologies contribute significantly to vocabulary acquisition,the challenge that emerges should be addressed by integrating technology in teaching and learning alongside conventional methods for vocabulary acquisition,which is a practical language acquisition tool that should not be monopolized.展开更多
BACKGROUND Rectal foreign bodies,though uncommon,present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges,particularly when they result from accidental ingestion.The non-specific symptoms and the potential for serious complicati...BACKGROUND Rectal foreign bodies,though uncommon,present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges,particularly when they result from accidental ingestion.The non-specific symptoms and the potential for serious complications necessitate a thorough and methodical approach to diagnosis and treatment.This case report aims to highlight the diagnostic complexities and management strategies involved in treating a patient with a rectal foreign body,focusing on the use of advanced imaging techniques and the importance of a multidisciplinary approach.CASE SUMMARY A 48-year-old male with a history of hypertension presented with a one-year history of post-defecation anorectal pain and mild post-defecation rectorrhagia.Initial evaluation revealed hemodynamic stability and a tender,non-mucosal lesion in the anterior left rectal region.Imaging studies,including colonoscopy,magnetic resonance imaging,and endosonography,identified an erythematous,exophytic lesion and a perirectal abscess containing a foreign body.Surgical inter-vention revealed necrotic tissue and purulent material,along with two solid foreign body fragments(bone or plant matter).Postoperative follow-up showed the patient in good condition,and pathology confirmed the fragments as mature bone.CONCLUSION This case underscores the diagnostic challenges posed by rectal foreign bodies with nonspecific symptoms and no clear history of ingestion.展开更多
BACKGROUND Occult intraocular foreign bodies(IOFBs)can present with atypical symptoms and clinical signs,making diagnosis challenging.We describe a case of an undetected IOFB that was missed on both computed tomograph...BACKGROUND Occult intraocular foreign bodies(IOFBs)can present with atypical symptoms and clinical signs,making diagnosis challenging.We describe a case of an undetected IOFB that was missed on both computed tomography and B-ultrasound,ulti-mately leading to ocular siderosis and secondary glaucoma.CASE SUMMARY A 55-year-old male patient presented to our clinic reporting a one-month history of right ocular discomfort and progressive visual deterioration.The patient had previously received a glaucoma diagnosis at a local healthcare facility.His ocular history included blunt trauma to the affected eye five years prior to presentation.Slit-lamp examination revealed corneal and iris lesions in the right eye.Pupillary dilation facilitated the identification of traumatic lens opacities.Diagnostic imaging modalities,including B-scan ultrasonography and computed tomo-graphy,showed no evidence of retained intraocular foreign material.The patient subsequently underwent uncomplicated pars plana vitrectomy,during which the occult foreign body was successfully extracted.The procedure was completed without intraoperative or immediate postoperative complications.CONCLUSION Awareness of IOFBs in individuals who work in high-risk occupations and prompt referral to a retinal surgeon are very important.展开更多
With the successful hosting of the Beijing Olympic Games in 2008 and the World Exposition Shanghai China 2010,English,next to our mother tongue,has become the most important language in China.Therefore,learning Englis...With the successful hosting of the Beijing Olympic Games in 2008 and the World Exposition Shanghai China 2010,English,next to our mother tongue,has become the most important language in China.Therefore,learning English well is very important for most Chinese people.However,learning a foreign language well is not easy.We have to master several learning strategies and methods to learn it successfully.This paper will help all the foreign language learners to find the effective way in learning the second foreign languge.The paper mainly talks about two aspects:improving the abilities in listening,speaking and reading in order to communicate well;developing the ability of writing in English and perfecting the function of social communication.It gives out the concrete methods in listening,speaking,reading,writing,and translating.The authors hope that the paper would be helpful in assisting the foreign language learners to learn and master the second foreign language.展开更多
Hepatic abscess caused by foreign body penetration of the alimentary tract is rare. We report a case of gastric antrum penetration due to a toothpick complicated by liver abscess formation. A 41-year-old man was admit...Hepatic abscess caused by foreign body penetration of the alimentary tract is rare. We report a case of gastric antrum penetration due to a toothpick complicated by liver abscess formation. A 41-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with the chief complaint of upper abdominal pain for 2 mo. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy performed at a local clinic revealed a toothpick penetrating the gastric antrum. Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen at our hospital revealed a gastric foreign body embedded in the posterior wall of gastric antrum with regional phlegmon over the lesser sac and adhesion to the pancreatic body without notable vascular injury, and a hepatic abscess seven cm in diameter over the left liver lobe. Endoscopic removal of the foreign body was successfully performed without complication. The liver abscess was treated with parenteral antibiotics without drainage. The patient’s recovery was uneventful. Abdominal ultrasonography demonstrated complete resolution of the hepatic abscess six months after discharge. Relevant literature from the PubMed database was reviewed and the clinical presentations, diagnostic modalities, treatment strategies and outcomes of 88 reported cases were analyzed. The results showed that only 6 patients received conservative treatment with parenteral antibiotics, while the majority underwent either image-guided abscess drainage or laparotomy. Patients receiving abscess drainage via laparotomy had a significantly shorter length of hospitalization compared with those undergoing image-guided drainage. There was no significant difference in age between those who survived and those who died, however, the latter presented to hospitals in a more critical condition than the former. The overall mortality rate was 7.95%.展开更多
With the process of economic and cultural globalization,the number of second foreign language learners has soared in recent years.Second foreign language learning has been an obvious trend in our times.This essay is d...With the process of economic and cultural globalization,the number of second foreign language learners has soared in recent years.Second foreign language learning has been an obvious trend in our times.This essay is devoted to exploring the causes of the phenomenon,the status of our second foreign language learning,the gains,the obstacles and their possible reasons during the learning process of the second-foreign-language learning.This essay falls into a questionnaire and four chapters in the body part.The questionnaire aims to help us find out the current status and the influence of second foreign language learning,the learners' attitude to learning and the material,the practical methods of learning the second foreign language.展开更多
Besides the sessions of teaching and learning in language learning activities, language attrition, as the concomitant product of language acquisition, exerts significant impact on language teaching, especially on fore...Besides the sessions of teaching and learning in language learning activities, language attrition, as the concomitant product of language acquisition, exerts significant impact on language teaching, especially on foreign language teaching. By exploring this phenomenon, some effective ways against language attrition can be found in order to maximize foreign language teaching. This paper is about to illustrate the relevant theories from scholars at home and abroad, and providing some ways to help foreign language learners maintain the language proficiency.展开更多
Case Presentation: A nine-year-old boy presented to the general ophthalmologist with a several weeks history of redness, photophobia and intermittent foreign body sensation in the right eye. A pigmented lesion with an...Case Presentation: A nine-year-old boy presented to the general ophthalmologist with a several weeks history of redness, photophobia and intermittent foreign body sensation in the right eye. A pigmented lesion with anterior chamber inflammation was noted on examination. B-scan ultrasound was performed and revealed no foreign body. The patient was diagnosed with anterior uveitis, which did not completely respond to treatment. The differential diagnosis was expanded to include peripheral ulcerative keratitis, phlyctenulosis, pigmented neoplasm, and corneal foreign body. Upon referral to a cornea specialist, an exam under anesthesia revealed a large foreign body consistent with a rock fragment in the peripheral cornea, which was subsequently removed without complication. Conclusion: This case highlights an atypical presentation of foreign body as well as a differential diagnosis of pigmented peripheral corneal lesions. Foreign bodies represent the most common cause of urgent ophthalmic evaluation. When evaluating lesions of the cornea, it is imperative to keep an extensive differential diagnosis, giving the potential for severe and rapid development of visually threatening complications.展开更多
This article intends to demonstrate the principles for dictionary compilation.To summarize,general rules are to be followed.At the same time,this article probes into the differences of Chinese to Chinese dictionary,Ch...This article intends to demonstrate the principles for dictionary compilation.To summarize,general rules are to be followed.At the same time,this article probes into the differences of Chinese to Chinese dictionary,Chinese to foreign language dictionary,dictionaries for the preparation of certain exams,learner’s dictionaries for reviewing errors,dictionaries with multimedia and dictionaries built via the Internet..In all,one of the key factors for dictionary compilation is the professionalism of editors and writers.The training of the people involved is vital,which would contribute to setting up a better order of the market.Acknowledgements should also be given to achievements in dictionary compilation.Revisions and polishing are required to improve the dictionaries on the market that have already won the acclaim so as to put their influence to the best display.展开更多
Foreign language motivation is regarded as one source of individual differences in second language acquisition. Learning motivation is a dynamic mechanism which gives rise to learning activities. Learners' motivat...Foreign language motivation is regarded as one source of individual differences in second language acquisition. Learning motivation is a dynamic mechanism which gives rise to learning activities. Learners' motivation is a decisive factor for the success of second language acquisition.展开更多
Teaching Chinese as a foreign language is actually the teaching of Chinese as a second language by international Chinese teachers.People must learn vocabulary as a language element in the process of language acquisiti...Teaching Chinese as a foreign language is actually the teaching of Chinese as a second language by international Chinese teachers.People must learn vocabulary as a language element in the process of language acquisition.Without vocabulary,there is no language.When we master the vocabulary of a language,we rely on mental lexicon,which is vocabulary that has been stored in the brain for a long time.Through the study of second language mental lexicon,it can be used effectively,and corresponding teaching methods can be used in the vocabulary teaching of Chinese as a foreign language to help students learn Chinese quickly and effectively.展开更多
Background: Intraorbital foreign bodies can result in various complications if not appropriately managed. Aim: To report a case of lower lid entropion secondary to a missed intraorbital foreign body. Case Presentation...Background: Intraorbital foreign bodies can result in various complications if not appropriately managed. Aim: To report a case of lower lid entropion secondary to a missed intraorbital foreign body. Case Presentation: A 7-year-old boy presented with inward turning of the left lower lid for three days prior to admission. A week before, the child was in the garden when part of the roof of their home suddenly broke off, with pieces of the debris falling near him. He complained of left eye irritation, but a visit to a general practitioner found no eye abnormalities. Three days after that, the mother sought an ophthalmology opinion as she noticed inversion of the left lower lid. On examination, visual acuity in both eyes was 6/6. There was left lower lid entropion, and a deeply embedded foreign body seen in the lower lid. No other eye abnormalities noted. Computed tomography scan of the orbits revealed a welldefined foreign object in the lower orbit, fracturing the antero-superior wall of the left maxillary sinus. The left eye foreign body was removed uneventfully via a transconjunctival approach. Conclusion: A thorough examination is mandatory in any case of ocular trauma especially in young children, who are usually unable to provide a clear history of the injury.展开更多
The China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT) held the Second Session of the Second Council of its National Congress in the latter half of July. Attending the session were officials in charge of f...The China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT) held the Second Session of the Second Council of its National Congress in the latter half of July. Attending the session were officials in charge of foreign economic relations and trade from related Chinese ministries, provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, chairmen of 46 local and 14 industrial sub-councils throughout展开更多
Not much research has been done on motivation to study a second,third or even fourth foreign language though learners of such languages have been increasing.To contribute to this,the present study examined German lear...Not much research has been done on motivation to study a second,third or even fourth foreign language though learners of such languages have been increasing.To contribute to this,the present study examined German learning motivation of Chinese university students at different proficiency levels.A total of 297 German learners at three different proficiency levels at a university in Beijing filled in the questionnaires,of whom 191 answered the open-ended question and 50 were informally interviewed.Analyses of the data revealed the following major findings;(1)most respondents at cach proficiency level had limited access to and little chance to use German,liked the language,studied it(very)hard and did not think the language was difficult,(2)students at different proficiency levels studied German for similar reasons such as major study/research,further education,future career,interest in foreign language learning and German,and(3)students at higher proficiency levels perceived German to be more difficult and worked harder on it.Students at higher proficiency levels were both integratively and instrumentally more motivated to study German and had greater motivation intensity as well.It is clear that students at different proficiency levels were motivated to study German and that students at the advanced level tended to be more integratively motivated than those at the beginning level.Based on these findings,some suggestions are discussed.展开更多
二语写作是二语习得研究领域的重要组成部分。运用CiteSpace软件对近十年发表在Journal of Second Language Writing的231篇实证研究论文进行可视化分析,研究发现:二语写作研究整体呈波动性上升趋势,研究规模较为稳定,研究关注度逐渐提...二语写作是二语习得研究领域的重要组成部分。运用CiteSpace软件对近十年发表在Journal of Second Language Writing的231篇实证研究论文进行可视化分析,研究发现:二语写作研究整体呈波动性上升趋势,研究规模较为稳定,研究关注度逐渐提升;二语写作研究领域暂未形成明显的核心作者和机构的合作网络;研究主题主要聚焦二语写作教学方法的多元化、二语写作反馈的多焦点、二语写作评估与测试的科学化,以及学习者个体差异的多维影响等方面。基于此,提出未来该领域发展需加强学者、机构之间的相互合作;关注个体学习者写作过程的认知特征与情感因素,尤其重视青少年二语学习过程的研究;扩大二语写作纵向研究规模,推动研究的深入发展。展开更多
At the 8th National Congress of the CAS Membership, 10 foreign scholars were elected into the second batch of CAS members with foreign nationalities because of their high academic prestige and indelible contributions ...At the 8th National Congress of the CAS Membership, 10 foreign scholars were elected into the second batch of CAS members with foreign nationalities because of their high academic prestige and indelible contributions to Chinese S&T cause. The namelist is arranged in the alphabetical order. Robert W. Cahn, of British nationality. He is one of world-renowned metallurgists today and noted for his creative work in the fields of recovery,recrystallization, intermetallic compounds and metallic glasses. So far he has some 200 research papers to his credit. In addition, he co-edited with Prof. P. Haasen a monograph Physical Metallurgy, now in its fourth edition, winning him world-wide renown. Also, he initiated and edited (or展开更多
Introduction There is a general consensus among language learning theorists,educational psycholo-gists,and language—teaching professionals that the learning of anything does not occur in avacuum.That is,successful l...Introduction There is a general consensus among language learning theorists,educational psycholo-gists,and language—teaching professionals that the learning of anything does not occur in avacuum.That is,successful language learning of whatever kind comes out only when what isto be learned can be meaningfully related to something that is already known.Learning,inother words,must take place within some kind of familiar context or framework——an ex-tension of the familiar to the unfamiliar,if you will.The natural question to raise,then,iswhat such"frameworks"——and ones familiar to the learner——we might identify for thelearning of second/foreign language grammar.In what way,we are entitled to ask,wouldgrammatical consciousness—raising fit into this roughly—drawn,very general picture of lan-展开更多
To attract outstanding graduates,China’s second-tier cities including Xi’an,capital city of Northwest China’s Shaanxi Province and Chengdu,capital city of Southwest China’s Sichuan Province,have stepped up efforts...To attract outstanding graduates,China’s second-tier cities including Xi’an,capital city of Northwest China’s Shaanxi Province and Chengdu,capital city of Southwest China’s Sichuan Province,have stepped up efforts to lure more foreign talents with incentives and foreigner-friendly services.展开更多
When microdissection testicular sperm extraction(micro-TESE)fails,a redo procedure may be the only option for patients who want a biological child.However,there are many gaps of knowledge surrounding the procedure,whi...When microdissection testicular sperm extraction(micro-TESE)fails,a redo procedure may be the only option for patients who want a biological child.However,there are many gaps of knowledge surrounding the procedure,which need to be addressed to help clinicians and patients make informed decisions.This review explores redo micro-TESE in the context of nonobstructive azoospermia(NOA).Literature was searched using Google Scholar,Medline,and PubMed.Search terms were“NOA”AND“second microdissection testicular sperm extractions”AND“redo microdissection testicles sperm extraction”AND“repeat microdissection testicular sperm extractions”AND“failed microdissection testicular sperm extractions”AND“salvage microdissection testicular sperm extractions”.Only original articles in English were included.A total of nine articles were included,consisting of four retrospective and five prospective studies.The time gap between the first and second micro-TESE varied from 6 months to 24 months.Most of the included studies reported successful surgical sperm retrieval(SSR)in the second micro-TESE in the range of 10%–21%,except in one study where it reached 42%.It has not been presented any definitive information about the use of hormonal treatment or the benefit of varicocelectomy prior to the second micro-TESE.Patients with hypospermatogenesis and Klinefelter syndrome(KS)had the highest chance of success in redo surgery.In conclusion,redo micro-TESE following a negative procedure can lead to sperm recovery in 10%–21%.Patients with hypospermatogenesis and KS have a higher chance of success.There is no enough evidence to conclude which is the best hormonal stimulation if any before a redo surgery.展开更多
文摘In this paper, the author will mainly focus on analysis about the differences between characteristics of older learners and young learners in learning second/foreign language.
基金Interim Achievements of the“Yingying Technology Empowerment–Application-Oriented Talent Enhancement Project at Changchun College of Electronic Technology”under the Fourth Phase of the 2024 Ministry of Education’s Employment-Education Collaboration Project(Project Number:2024121188944Project Leader:Chunhua Ren)+3 种基金Interim Achievements of the“Directional Cultivation Project for Composite Talents at Changchun College of Electronic Technology”under the Fourth Phase of the 2024 Ministry of Education’s Supply-Demand Matching and Employment-Education Cultivation Program(Project Number:2024121107571Project Leader:Chunhua Ren)Interim Achievements of the“Research on the Cultivation Path of Craftsmanship Spirit among University Teachers in the Context of Industry-University Collaboration”under the 2025 Ministry of Education’s Industry-University Cooperative Education Project(Project Number:2505164755Project Leader:Chunhua Ren)。
文摘The paper aims to examine the application of multimedia technology in expanding vocabulary in second language acquisition.Incorporating innovative technology such as mobile applications,gaming applications,websites,and other related online tools has increased learners’vocabulary mastery,engagement,and motivation levels.Interactional processes like media-embedded objects,teach-learning capacity algorithms,and feedback help learners receive the course in a personalized way that considers individual learning patterns or abilities.However,there are the following challenges:accessibility issues,total reliance on technology,and issues related to privacy.The following challenges affecting learning that arise from using gadgets:the digital divide,limited device access,and environmental issues that may distract a learner in a technology-enabled environment.Moreover,the security issue for data and the ethical question of users’information remain important too.Hence,the paper provides arguments that although these technologies contribute significantly to vocabulary acquisition,the challenge that emerges should be addressed by integrating technology in teaching and learning alongside conventional methods for vocabulary acquisition,which is a practical language acquisition tool that should not be monopolized.
文摘BACKGROUND Rectal foreign bodies,though uncommon,present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges,particularly when they result from accidental ingestion.The non-specific symptoms and the potential for serious complications necessitate a thorough and methodical approach to diagnosis and treatment.This case report aims to highlight the diagnostic complexities and management strategies involved in treating a patient with a rectal foreign body,focusing on the use of advanced imaging techniques and the importance of a multidisciplinary approach.CASE SUMMARY A 48-year-old male with a history of hypertension presented with a one-year history of post-defecation anorectal pain and mild post-defecation rectorrhagia.Initial evaluation revealed hemodynamic stability and a tender,non-mucosal lesion in the anterior left rectal region.Imaging studies,including colonoscopy,magnetic resonance imaging,and endosonography,identified an erythematous,exophytic lesion and a perirectal abscess containing a foreign body.Surgical inter-vention revealed necrotic tissue and purulent material,along with two solid foreign body fragments(bone or plant matter).Postoperative follow-up showed the patient in good condition,and pathology confirmed the fragments as mature bone.CONCLUSION This case underscores the diagnostic challenges posed by rectal foreign bodies with nonspecific symptoms and no clear history of ingestion.
基金Supported by The Tianjin Health Research Project,No.ZC20069the Foundation of the Committee of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,No.2021011the Science and Technology Foundation of Tianjin Eye Hospital,No.YKYB1901.
文摘BACKGROUND Occult intraocular foreign bodies(IOFBs)can present with atypical symptoms and clinical signs,making diagnosis challenging.We describe a case of an undetected IOFB that was missed on both computed tomography and B-ultrasound,ulti-mately leading to ocular siderosis and secondary glaucoma.CASE SUMMARY A 55-year-old male patient presented to our clinic reporting a one-month history of right ocular discomfort and progressive visual deterioration.The patient had previously received a glaucoma diagnosis at a local healthcare facility.His ocular history included blunt trauma to the affected eye five years prior to presentation.Slit-lamp examination revealed corneal and iris lesions in the right eye.Pupillary dilation facilitated the identification of traumatic lens opacities.Diagnostic imaging modalities,including B-scan ultrasonography and computed tomo-graphy,showed no evidence of retained intraocular foreign material.The patient subsequently underwent uncomplicated pars plana vitrectomy,during which the occult foreign body was successfully extracted.The procedure was completed without intraoperative or immediate postoperative complications.CONCLUSION Awareness of IOFBs in individuals who work in high-risk occupations and prompt referral to a retinal surgeon are very important.
文摘With the successful hosting of the Beijing Olympic Games in 2008 and the World Exposition Shanghai China 2010,English,next to our mother tongue,has become the most important language in China.Therefore,learning English well is very important for most Chinese people.However,learning a foreign language well is not easy.We have to master several learning strategies and methods to learn it successfully.This paper will help all the foreign language learners to find the effective way in learning the second foreign languge.The paper mainly talks about two aspects:improving the abilities in listening,speaking and reading in order to communicate well;developing the ability of writing in English and perfecting the function of social communication.It gives out the concrete methods in listening,speaking,reading,writing,and translating.The authors hope that the paper would be helpful in assisting the foreign language learners to learn and master the second foreign language.
文摘Hepatic abscess caused by foreign body penetration of the alimentary tract is rare. We report a case of gastric antrum penetration due to a toothpick complicated by liver abscess formation. A 41-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with the chief complaint of upper abdominal pain for 2 mo. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy performed at a local clinic revealed a toothpick penetrating the gastric antrum. Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen at our hospital revealed a gastric foreign body embedded in the posterior wall of gastric antrum with regional phlegmon over the lesser sac and adhesion to the pancreatic body without notable vascular injury, and a hepatic abscess seven cm in diameter over the left liver lobe. Endoscopic removal of the foreign body was successfully performed without complication. The liver abscess was treated with parenteral antibiotics without drainage. The patient’s recovery was uneventful. Abdominal ultrasonography demonstrated complete resolution of the hepatic abscess six months after discharge. Relevant literature from the PubMed database was reviewed and the clinical presentations, diagnostic modalities, treatment strategies and outcomes of 88 reported cases were analyzed. The results showed that only 6 patients received conservative treatment with parenteral antibiotics, while the majority underwent either image-guided abscess drainage or laparotomy. Patients receiving abscess drainage via laparotomy had a significantly shorter length of hospitalization compared with those undergoing image-guided drainage. There was no significant difference in age between those who survived and those who died, however, the latter presented to hospitals in a more critical condition than the former. The overall mortality rate was 7.95%.
文摘With the process of economic and cultural globalization,the number of second foreign language learners has soared in recent years.Second foreign language learning has been an obvious trend in our times.This essay is devoted to exploring the causes of the phenomenon,the status of our second foreign language learning,the gains,the obstacles and their possible reasons during the learning process of the second-foreign-language learning.This essay falls into a questionnaire and four chapters in the body part.The questionnaire aims to help us find out the current status and the influence of second foreign language learning,the learners' attitude to learning and the material,the practical methods of learning the second foreign language.
文摘Besides the sessions of teaching and learning in language learning activities, language attrition, as the concomitant product of language acquisition, exerts significant impact on language teaching, especially on foreign language teaching. By exploring this phenomenon, some effective ways against language attrition can be found in order to maximize foreign language teaching. This paper is about to illustrate the relevant theories from scholars at home and abroad, and providing some ways to help foreign language learners maintain the language proficiency.
文摘Case Presentation: A nine-year-old boy presented to the general ophthalmologist with a several weeks history of redness, photophobia and intermittent foreign body sensation in the right eye. A pigmented lesion with anterior chamber inflammation was noted on examination. B-scan ultrasound was performed and revealed no foreign body. The patient was diagnosed with anterior uveitis, which did not completely respond to treatment. The differential diagnosis was expanded to include peripheral ulcerative keratitis, phlyctenulosis, pigmented neoplasm, and corneal foreign body. Upon referral to a cornea specialist, an exam under anesthesia revealed a large foreign body consistent with a rock fragment in the peripheral cornea, which was subsequently removed without complication. Conclusion: This case highlights an atypical presentation of foreign body as well as a differential diagnosis of pigmented peripheral corneal lesions. Foreign bodies represent the most common cause of urgent ophthalmic evaluation. When evaluating lesions of the cornea, it is imperative to keep an extensive differential diagnosis, giving the potential for severe and rapid development of visually threatening complications.
文摘This article intends to demonstrate the principles for dictionary compilation.To summarize,general rules are to be followed.At the same time,this article probes into the differences of Chinese to Chinese dictionary,Chinese to foreign language dictionary,dictionaries for the preparation of certain exams,learner’s dictionaries for reviewing errors,dictionaries with multimedia and dictionaries built via the Internet..In all,one of the key factors for dictionary compilation is the professionalism of editors and writers.The training of the people involved is vital,which would contribute to setting up a better order of the market.Acknowledgements should also be given to achievements in dictionary compilation.Revisions and polishing are required to improve the dictionaries on the market that have already won the acclaim so as to put their influence to the best display.
文摘Foreign language motivation is regarded as one source of individual differences in second language acquisition. Learning motivation is a dynamic mechanism which gives rise to learning activities. Learners' motivation is a decisive factor for the success of second language acquisition.
文摘Teaching Chinese as a foreign language is actually the teaching of Chinese as a second language by international Chinese teachers.People must learn vocabulary as a language element in the process of language acquisition.Without vocabulary,there is no language.When we master the vocabulary of a language,we rely on mental lexicon,which is vocabulary that has been stored in the brain for a long time.Through the study of second language mental lexicon,it can be used effectively,and corresponding teaching methods can be used in the vocabulary teaching of Chinese as a foreign language to help students learn Chinese quickly and effectively.
文摘Background: Intraorbital foreign bodies can result in various complications if not appropriately managed. Aim: To report a case of lower lid entropion secondary to a missed intraorbital foreign body. Case Presentation: A 7-year-old boy presented with inward turning of the left lower lid for three days prior to admission. A week before, the child was in the garden when part of the roof of their home suddenly broke off, with pieces of the debris falling near him. He complained of left eye irritation, but a visit to a general practitioner found no eye abnormalities. Three days after that, the mother sought an ophthalmology opinion as she noticed inversion of the left lower lid. On examination, visual acuity in both eyes was 6/6. There was left lower lid entropion, and a deeply embedded foreign body seen in the lower lid. No other eye abnormalities noted. Computed tomography scan of the orbits revealed a welldefined foreign object in the lower orbit, fracturing the antero-superior wall of the left maxillary sinus. The left eye foreign body was removed uneventfully via a transconjunctival approach. Conclusion: A thorough examination is mandatory in any case of ocular trauma especially in young children, who are usually unable to provide a clear history of the injury.
文摘The China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT) held the Second Session of the Second Council of its National Congress in the latter half of July. Attending the session were officials in charge of foreign economic relations and trade from related Chinese ministries, provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, chairmen of 46 local and 14 industrial sub-councils throughout
文摘Not much research has been done on motivation to study a second,third or even fourth foreign language though learners of such languages have been increasing.To contribute to this,the present study examined German learning motivation of Chinese university students at different proficiency levels.A total of 297 German learners at three different proficiency levels at a university in Beijing filled in the questionnaires,of whom 191 answered the open-ended question and 50 were informally interviewed.Analyses of the data revealed the following major findings;(1)most respondents at cach proficiency level had limited access to and little chance to use German,liked the language,studied it(very)hard and did not think the language was difficult,(2)students at different proficiency levels studied German for similar reasons such as major study/research,further education,future career,interest in foreign language learning and German,and(3)students at higher proficiency levels perceived German to be more difficult and worked harder on it.Students at higher proficiency levels were both integratively and instrumentally more motivated to study German and had greater motivation intensity as well.It is clear that students at different proficiency levels were motivated to study German and that students at the advanced level tended to be more integratively motivated than those at the beginning level.Based on these findings,some suggestions are discussed.
文摘二语写作是二语习得研究领域的重要组成部分。运用CiteSpace软件对近十年发表在Journal of Second Language Writing的231篇实证研究论文进行可视化分析,研究发现:二语写作研究整体呈波动性上升趋势,研究规模较为稳定,研究关注度逐渐提升;二语写作研究领域暂未形成明显的核心作者和机构的合作网络;研究主题主要聚焦二语写作教学方法的多元化、二语写作反馈的多焦点、二语写作评估与测试的科学化,以及学习者个体差异的多维影响等方面。基于此,提出未来该领域发展需加强学者、机构之间的相互合作;关注个体学习者写作过程的认知特征与情感因素,尤其重视青少年二语学习过程的研究;扩大二语写作纵向研究规模,推动研究的深入发展。
文摘At the 8th National Congress of the CAS Membership, 10 foreign scholars were elected into the second batch of CAS members with foreign nationalities because of their high academic prestige and indelible contributions to Chinese S&T cause. The namelist is arranged in the alphabetical order. Robert W. Cahn, of British nationality. He is one of world-renowned metallurgists today and noted for his creative work in the fields of recovery,recrystallization, intermetallic compounds and metallic glasses. So far he has some 200 research papers to his credit. In addition, he co-edited with Prof. P. Haasen a monograph Physical Metallurgy, now in its fourth edition, winning him world-wide renown. Also, he initiated and edited (or
文摘Introduction There is a general consensus among language learning theorists,educational psycholo-gists,and language—teaching professionals that the learning of anything does not occur in avacuum.That is,successful language learning of whatever kind comes out only when what isto be learned can be meaningfully related to something that is already known.Learning,inother words,must take place within some kind of familiar context or framework——an ex-tension of the familiar to the unfamiliar,if you will.The natural question to raise,then,iswhat such"frameworks"——and ones familiar to the learner——we might identify for thelearning of second/foreign language grammar.In what way,we are entitled to ask,wouldgrammatical consciousness—raising fit into this roughly—drawn,very general picture of lan-
文摘To attract outstanding graduates,China’s second-tier cities including Xi’an,capital city of Northwest China’s Shaanxi Province and Chengdu,capital city of Southwest China’s Sichuan Province,have stepped up efforts to lure more foreign talents with incentives and foreigner-friendly services.
文摘When microdissection testicular sperm extraction(micro-TESE)fails,a redo procedure may be the only option for patients who want a biological child.However,there are many gaps of knowledge surrounding the procedure,which need to be addressed to help clinicians and patients make informed decisions.This review explores redo micro-TESE in the context of nonobstructive azoospermia(NOA).Literature was searched using Google Scholar,Medline,and PubMed.Search terms were“NOA”AND“second microdissection testicular sperm extractions”AND“redo microdissection testicles sperm extraction”AND“repeat microdissection testicular sperm extractions”AND“failed microdissection testicular sperm extractions”AND“salvage microdissection testicular sperm extractions”.Only original articles in English were included.A total of nine articles were included,consisting of four retrospective and five prospective studies.The time gap between the first and second micro-TESE varied from 6 months to 24 months.Most of the included studies reported successful surgical sperm retrieval(SSR)in the second micro-TESE in the range of 10%–21%,except in one study where it reached 42%.It has not been presented any definitive information about the use of hormonal treatment or the benefit of varicocelectomy prior to the second micro-TESE.Patients with hypospermatogenesis and Klinefelter syndrome(KS)had the highest chance of success in redo surgery.In conclusion,redo micro-TESE following a negative procedure can lead to sperm recovery in 10%–21%.Patients with hypospermatogenesis and KS have a higher chance of success.There is no enough evidence to conclude which is the best hormonal stimulation if any before a redo surgery.
