Objective We aimed to investigate the patterns of fasting blood glucose(FBG)trajectories and analyze the relationship between various occupational hazard factors and FBG trajectories in male steelworkers.Methods The s...Objective We aimed to investigate the patterns of fasting blood glucose(FBG)trajectories and analyze the relationship between various occupational hazard factors and FBG trajectories in male steelworkers.Methods The study cohort included 3,728 workers who met the selection criteria for the Tanggang Occupational Cohort(TGOC)between 2017 and 2022.A group-based trajectory model was used to identify the FBG trajectories.Environmental risk scores(ERS)were constructed using regression coefficients from the occupational hazard model as weights.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the effects of occupational hazard factors using the ERS on FBG trajectories.Results FBG trajectories were categorized into three groups.An association was observed between high temperature,noise exposure,and FBG trajectory(P<0.05).Using the first quartile group of ERS1 as a reference,the fourth quartile group of ERS1 had an increased risk of medium and high FBG by 1.90and 2.21 times,respectively(odds ratio[OR]=1.90,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.17–3.10;OR=2.21,95%CI:1.09–4.45).Conclusion An association was observed between occupational hazards based on ERS and FBG trajectories.The risk of FBG trajectory levels increase with an increase in ERS.展开更多
BACKGROUND Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding(AUGIB)is a common emergency critical illness that requires prompt assessment upon admission to prevent disease deterioration.As a resuscitation mode,the fast track for ...BACKGROUND Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding(AUGIB)is a common emergency critical illness that requires prompt assessment upon admission to prevent disease deterioration.As a resuscitation mode,the fast track for emergency treatment increases the success rate and improves patient outcomes.However,misuse will consume resources.The Glasgow-Blatchford score(GBS)is considered to predict the clinical intervention needs for AUGIB patients,guiding diagnosis and treatment.Therefore,clinical research is needed to identify the recommended GBS thresholds that support effective use in AUGIB patients.AIM To validate the effectiveness of the GBS in establishing a fast track to reduce the time and cost of treatment for patients with AUGIB.METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed using the data of 124 cases of AUGIB patients with GBS≥6 treated at the University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from August 2020 to April 2023.Based on GBS risk stratification,patients were divided into moderate-risk(12>GBS≥6)and high-risk(GBS≥12)groups.Furthermore,depending on whether a fast track was established after the patients arrived in the emergency department,the patients were categorized into control and fast-track groups.The changes in various indicators,such as length of time in the emergency resuscitation room,door-to-endoscopy time,total blood transfusion volume,hospitalization duration,and hospitalization costs,were compared between the control and fast-track groups under each risk stratification level.RESULTS In the comparison of the aforementioned indicators,the moderate-risk fast-track group did not show any significant differences from the control group(P>0.05).However,in the high-risk fast-track group,the door-toendoscopy time,total blood transfusion volume,and hospitalization costs were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Establishing a fast track for emergency treatment based on GBS risk stratification has assessment value in reducing door-to-endoscopy time,decreasing total blood transfusion volume,and lowering hospitalization costs in patients with AUGIB.GBS≥12 is recommended as the threshold for implementing the fast track for emergency treatment,and its clinical promotion is advised.展开更多
Traditional psychiatric diagnosis relies on subjective symptom assessment,lacking objective biomarkers that hinder early detection and personalized treatment.Plasma proteins and polygenic risk score(PRS),as potential ...Traditional psychiatric diagnosis relies on subjective symptom assessment,lacking objective biomarkers that hinder early detection and personalized treatment.Plasma proteins and polygenic risk score(PRS),as potential predictive tools,hold promise for advancing early diagnosis of mental disorders.This study aims to evaluate the predictive potential of proteomic features and PRS in multiple mental illnesses(depression,schizophrenia,and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)).Using participant data from the UK Biobank-Pharma Proteomics Project,we screen protein associations with mental disorders through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)analysis and construct a Cox regression risk prediction model by integrating the PRS.Additionally,we evaluate predictive performance using 6 machine learning methods and Kaplan-Meier survival curves.Our findings reveal distinct predictive patterns across dis-orders.For depression,integrating plasma proteins with PRS significantly improves prediction beyond the clinical model(C-index=0.6322).For schizophrenia,adding plasma proteins enhances predictive performance,whereas PRS provides no significant improvement.For PTSD,neither plasma proteins nor PRS add substantial predictive value beyond clinical variables.Risk stratification analysis demonstrat that all three mental disorders models can clearly distinguish high-risk from low-risk groups(depression:HR=2.34,P<0.001;schizophrenia:HR=5.47,P<0.001;PTSD:HR=3.02,P<0.001).Al-though it shows good performance in short-term prediction,its long-term prediction ability has decreased,and it needs to be further optimized in the future.This study underscores the differential utility of biomarkers across mental disorders and provides a rationale for disorder-specific predictive modeling in precision psychiatry.展开更多
3-dB couplers are key building blocks for on-chip optical switches,optical phased arrays,and photonic computing applications,for the ease of realizing balanced beam splitting and combining.Adiabatic3-dB couplers ensur...3-dB couplers are key building blocks for on-chip optical switches,optical phased arrays,and photonic computing applications,for the ease of realizing balanced beam splitting and combining.Adiabatic3-dB couplers ensure exclusive excitation and propagation of the fundamental eigenmode along the waveguide,characterized by low insertion loss,broad bandwidth,low power imbalance,and resilience to fabrication variations.However,conventional adiabatic designs need to extend the propagation length to achieve broadband performance.In this paper,we overcome such a length-bandwidth trade-off by employing fast quasi-adiabatic(FAQUAD)dynamics in the TFLN 3-dB couplers,thereby accelerating the mode evolution process.Theoretical analysis predicts that the proposed 2×2 FAQUAD 3-dB coupler exhibits an unprecedented operation bandwidth of 350 nm(1285 to 1635 nm)with a FAQUAD taper length of only 88.9μm.Experimental characterization of the fabricated device demonstrates broadband 3-dB power splitting over 165 nm(exceeding the range of the used tunable laser:1470 to 1635 nm),achieving the power imbalance of<0.5 dB and insertion loss of 0.14 dB.Those results establish the foundation for next-generation photonic integrated circuits featuring high efficiency,compact footprint,and ultra-wide bandwidth.展开更多
The rapid identification of γ-emitting radionuclides with low activity levels in public areas is crucial for nuclear safety.However,classical methods rely on full-energy peaks in the integral spectrum,requiring suffi...The rapid identification of γ-emitting radionuclides with low activity levels in public areas is crucial for nuclear safety.However,classical methods rely on full-energy peaks in the integral spectrum,requiring sufficient count accumulation for evaluation,thereby limiting response time.The sequential Bayesian approach,which utilizes prior information and considers both photon energies and interarrival times,can significantly enhance the performance of radionuclides identification.This study proposes a theoretical optimization method for the traditional sequential Bayesian approach.Each photon is processed sequentially,and the corresponding posterior probability is updated in real time using a noninformative prior from the Bayesian theory.By comparing the posterior probabilities of the background and radionuclides based on the energy variance and time interval,the type of γ-rays can be identified(background characteristic γ-rays,Compton plateaus γ-rays,or radionuclide-specific characteristic γ-rays).By integrating the information from these multiple characteristic γ-rays,the presence and type of radionuclides were determined based on the final decision function and a set threshold.Based on theoretical research,verification experiments were conducted using a LaBr_(3)(Ce)detector in both low-and natural background radiation environments with typical radionuclides(^(137)Cs,^(60)Co,and ^(133)Ba).The results show that this approach can identify ^(137)Cs in 7.9 s and 8.5 s(source dose rate contribution:approximately 6.5×10^(−3)μGy/h),^(60)Co in 8.1 s and 9.8 s(approximately 4.8×10^(−2)μGy/h),and ^(133)Ba in 4.05 s and 5.99 s(approximately 3.4×10^(−2)μGy/h)under low and natural background radiation,respectively,with a miss rate below 0.01%.This demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach for fast radionuclides identification,even at low activity levels and highlights its potential for enhancing public safety in diverse radiation environments.展开更多
To address the performance limitations of conventional LiPF6-carbonate electrolytes under extreme temperatures and high-rate charging,lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate(LiDFOB)is introduced into the LiPF6-carbonate elect...To address the performance limitations of conventional LiPF6-carbonate electrolytes under extreme temperatures and high-rate charging,lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate(LiDFOB)is introduced into the LiPF6-carbonate electrolyte to form a dual-salt system.The optimization mechanism enhancing the fast-charging capability of LiNi_(0.52)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.28)O_(2)(NCM523)cathode is systematically explored.Molecular dynamics simulations and electrochemical characterization demonstrate the reconstruction of Li+solvation structures,expanding the voltage window and reducting Li^(+)desolvation barriers.In addition,the incorporation of LiDFOB induces the generation of a LiF/Li_(x)BO_(y)F_(z)-enriched cathode-electrolyte interphase,which effectively suppresses the dissolution of transition metals.In situ impedance measurements reveal the accelerated interfacial charge transfer kinetics.As expected,the NCM523 cathode achieves an 82%state-of-charge(SOC)in 12 min at 5 C(25°C)with 87%capacity retention after 100 cycles,and exhibits a 65%higher discharge capacity at 1 C than the baseline at−20°C.The 1 Ah pouch cells based on LiNi_(0.52)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.28)O_(2)cathodes,graphite anodes,and 0.5 wt%LiDFOB-modified electrolyte demonstrate fast-charging capabilities:charging 97%of the pouch cell capacity within 30 min(2 C)and 80%within 15 min(4 C)at 25°C.This study offers a practical electrolyte design strategy that enhances the fast-charging performance of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)over a wide temperature range(from−20 to 25°C).展开更多
Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy is a powerful tool for analyzing molecular structure and composition.However,traditional NMR experiments suffer from long acquisition times,especially in multidimensional NM...Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy is a powerful tool for analyzing molecular structure and composition.However,traditional NMR experiments suffer from long acquisition times,especially in multidimensional NMR spectroscopy.This problem,to some extent,limits broader applications of NMR techniques.Various methods have been proposed to accelerate sampling,including non-uniform sampling(NUS),multi-FID acquisition(MFA),Hadamard encoding,Fourier encoding,spatial encoding Ultrafast 2D NMR(UF2DNMR),and so on.The review focuses on rapid sampling methods developed in contemporary China,introducing their fundamental principles and applications while discussing their respective advantages and disadvantages.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(grant number:2016YF0900605)the Key Research and Development Program of Hebei Province(grant number:192777129D)+1 种基金the Joint Fund for Iron and Steel of the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(grant number:H2016209058)the National Natural Science Foundation for Regional Joint Fund of China(grant number:U22A20364)。
文摘Objective We aimed to investigate the patterns of fasting blood glucose(FBG)trajectories and analyze the relationship between various occupational hazard factors and FBG trajectories in male steelworkers.Methods The study cohort included 3,728 workers who met the selection criteria for the Tanggang Occupational Cohort(TGOC)between 2017 and 2022.A group-based trajectory model was used to identify the FBG trajectories.Environmental risk scores(ERS)were constructed using regression coefficients from the occupational hazard model as weights.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the effects of occupational hazard factors using the ERS on FBG trajectories.Results FBG trajectories were categorized into three groups.An association was observed between high temperature,noise exposure,and FBG trajectory(P<0.05).Using the first quartile group of ERS1 as a reference,the fourth quartile group of ERS1 had an increased risk of medium and high FBG by 1.90and 2.21 times,respectively(odds ratio[OR]=1.90,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.17–3.10;OR=2.21,95%CI:1.09–4.45).Conclusion An association was observed between occupational hazards based on ERS and FBG trajectories.The risk of FBG trajectory levels increase with an increase in ERS.
基金Supported by the Key Discipline of Pathology at Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College,No.ygz2021303.
文摘BACKGROUND Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding(AUGIB)is a common emergency critical illness that requires prompt assessment upon admission to prevent disease deterioration.As a resuscitation mode,the fast track for emergency treatment increases the success rate and improves patient outcomes.However,misuse will consume resources.The Glasgow-Blatchford score(GBS)is considered to predict the clinical intervention needs for AUGIB patients,guiding diagnosis and treatment.Therefore,clinical research is needed to identify the recommended GBS thresholds that support effective use in AUGIB patients.AIM To validate the effectiveness of the GBS in establishing a fast track to reduce the time and cost of treatment for patients with AUGIB.METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed using the data of 124 cases of AUGIB patients with GBS≥6 treated at the University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from August 2020 to April 2023.Based on GBS risk stratification,patients were divided into moderate-risk(12>GBS≥6)and high-risk(GBS≥12)groups.Furthermore,depending on whether a fast track was established after the patients arrived in the emergency department,the patients were categorized into control and fast-track groups.The changes in various indicators,such as length of time in the emergency resuscitation room,door-to-endoscopy time,total blood transfusion volume,hospitalization duration,and hospitalization costs,were compared between the control and fast-track groups under each risk stratification level.RESULTS In the comparison of the aforementioned indicators,the moderate-risk fast-track group did not show any significant differences from the control group(P>0.05).However,in the high-risk fast-track group,the door-toendoscopy time,total blood transfusion volume,and hospitalization costs were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Establishing a fast track for emergency treatment based on GBS risk stratification has assessment value in reducing door-to-endoscopy time,decreasing total blood transfusion volume,and lowering hospitalization costs in patients with AUGIB.GBS≥12 is recommended as the threshold for implementing the fast track for emergency treatment,and its clinical promotion is advised.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China-Regional Science“Identification of novel drug targets for lung cancer via Mendelian randomization analysis based on blood proteomics”(62362062)The 2025 Xinjiang University Excellent Graduate Innovation Project“Research on identification of therapeutic targets and predictive factors for mental disorders based on proteomics”(XJDX2025YJS151)。
文摘Traditional psychiatric diagnosis relies on subjective symptom assessment,lacking objective biomarkers that hinder early detection and personalized treatment.Plasma proteins and polygenic risk score(PRS),as potential predictive tools,hold promise for advancing early diagnosis of mental disorders.This study aims to evaluate the predictive potential of proteomic features and PRS in multiple mental illnesses(depression,schizophrenia,and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)).Using participant data from the UK Biobank-Pharma Proteomics Project,we screen protein associations with mental disorders through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)analysis and construct a Cox regression risk prediction model by integrating the PRS.Additionally,we evaluate predictive performance using 6 machine learning methods and Kaplan-Meier survival curves.Our findings reveal distinct predictive patterns across dis-orders.For depression,integrating plasma proteins with PRS significantly improves prediction beyond the clinical model(C-index=0.6322).For schizophrenia,adding plasma proteins enhances predictive performance,whereas PRS provides no significant improvement.For PTSD,neither plasma proteins nor PRS add substantial predictive value beyond clinical variables.Risk stratification analysis demonstrat that all three mental disorders models can clearly distinguish high-risk from low-risk groups(depression:HR=2.34,P<0.001;schizophrenia:HR=5.47,P<0.001;PTSD:HR=3.02,P<0.001).Al-though it shows good performance in short-term prediction,its long-term prediction ability has decreased,and it needs to be further optimized in the future.This study underscores the differential utility of biomarkers across mental disorders and provides a rationale for disorder-specific predictive modeling in precision psychiatry.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2024YFB2807903)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62025502 and 62475050)the Guangdong Introducing Innovative and Entrepreneurial Teams of“The Pearl River Talent Recruitment Program”(Grant No.2021ZT09X044)。
文摘3-dB couplers are key building blocks for on-chip optical switches,optical phased arrays,and photonic computing applications,for the ease of realizing balanced beam splitting and combining.Adiabatic3-dB couplers ensure exclusive excitation and propagation of the fundamental eigenmode along the waveguide,characterized by low insertion loss,broad bandwidth,low power imbalance,and resilience to fabrication variations.However,conventional adiabatic designs need to extend the propagation length to achieve broadband performance.In this paper,we overcome such a length-bandwidth trade-off by employing fast quasi-adiabatic(FAQUAD)dynamics in the TFLN 3-dB couplers,thereby accelerating the mode evolution process.Theoretical analysis predicts that the proposed 2×2 FAQUAD 3-dB coupler exhibits an unprecedented operation bandwidth of 350 nm(1285 to 1635 nm)with a FAQUAD taper length of only 88.9μm.Experimental characterization of the fabricated device demonstrates broadband 3-dB power splitting over 165 nm(exceeding the range of the used tunable laser:1470 to 1635 nm),achieving the power imbalance of<0.5 dB and insertion loss of 0.14 dB.Those results establish the foundation for next-generation photonic integrated circuits featuring high efficiency,compact footprint,and ultra-wide bandwidth.
基金supported by the Program for NIM-Basic Research Business Expenses Key Field Program,China(No.AKYCX2315).
文摘The rapid identification of γ-emitting radionuclides with low activity levels in public areas is crucial for nuclear safety.However,classical methods rely on full-energy peaks in the integral spectrum,requiring sufficient count accumulation for evaluation,thereby limiting response time.The sequential Bayesian approach,which utilizes prior information and considers both photon energies and interarrival times,can significantly enhance the performance of radionuclides identification.This study proposes a theoretical optimization method for the traditional sequential Bayesian approach.Each photon is processed sequentially,and the corresponding posterior probability is updated in real time using a noninformative prior from the Bayesian theory.By comparing the posterior probabilities of the background and radionuclides based on the energy variance and time interval,the type of γ-rays can be identified(background characteristic γ-rays,Compton plateaus γ-rays,or radionuclide-specific characteristic γ-rays).By integrating the information from these multiple characteristic γ-rays,the presence and type of radionuclides were determined based on the final decision function and a set threshold.Based on theoretical research,verification experiments were conducted using a LaBr_(3)(Ce)detector in both low-and natural background radiation environments with typical radionuclides(^(137)Cs,^(60)Co,and ^(133)Ba).The results show that this approach can identify ^(137)Cs in 7.9 s and 8.5 s(source dose rate contribution:approximately 6.5×10^(−3)μGy/h),^(60)Co in 8.1 s and 9.8 s(approximately 4.8×10^(−2)μGy/h),and ^(133)Ba in 4.05 s and 5.99 s(approximately 3.4×10^(−2)μGy/h)under low and natural background radiation,respectively,with a miss rate below 0.01%.This demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach for fast radionuclides identification,even at low activity levels and highlights its potential for enhancing public safety in diverse radiation environments.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52372191)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 22271106)+2 种基金the National Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52073286 (C.-Z.L.), 22275185 (C.-Z.L.))the Fujian Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China(2021ZZ115 (C.-Z.L.)the XMIREM Autonomously Deployment Project (2023GG01 (C.-Z.L.))
文摘To address the performance limitations of conventional LiPF6-carbonate electrolytes under extreme temperatures and high-rate charging,lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate(LiDFOB)is introduced into the LiPF6-carbonate electrolyte to form a dual-salt system.The optimization mechanism enhancing the fast-charging capability of LiNi_(0.52)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.28)O_(2)(NCM523)cathode is systematically explored.Molecular dynamics simulations and electrochemical characterization demonstrate the reconstruction of Li+solvation structures,expanding the voltage window and reducting Li^(+)desolvation barriers.In addition,the incorporation of LiDFOB induces the generation of a LiF/Li_(x)BO_(y)F_(z)-enriched cathode-electrolyte interphase,which effectively suppresses the dissolution of transition metals.In situ impedance measurements reveal the accelerated interfacial charge transfer kinetics.As expected,the NCM523 cathode achieves an 82%state-of-charge(SOC)in 12 min at 5 C(25°C)with 87%capacity retention after 100 cycles,and exhibits a 65%higher discharge capacity at 1 C than the baseline at−20°C.The 1 Ah pouch cells based on LiNi_(0.52)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.28)O_(2)cathodes,graphite anodes,and 0.5 wt%LiDFOB-modified electrolyte demonstrate fast-charging capabilities:charging 97%of the pouch cell capacity within 30 min(2 C)and 80%within 15 min(4 C)at 25°C.This study offers a practical electrolyte design strategy that enhances the fast-charging performance of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)over a wide temperature range(from−20 to 25°C).
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers 22174118,12411530077,and 22374124).
文摘Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy is a powerful tool for analyzing molecular structure and composition.However,traditional NMR experiments suffer from long acquisition times,especially in multidimensional NMR spectroscopy.This problem,to some extent,limits broader applications of NMR techniques.Various methods have been proposed to accelerate sampling,including non-uniform sampling(NUS),multi-FID acquisition(MFA),Hadamard encoding,Fourier encoding,spatial encoding Ultrafast 2D NMR(UF2DNMR),and so on.The review focuses on rapid sampling methods developed in contemporary China,introducing their fundamental principles and applications while discussing their respective advantages and disadvantages.
