1.Introduction Speaking with an audience as a scientific expert should not be intimidating.I have done more than my share in a variety of roles,so Professors Zhigang Peng(Georgia Tech)and Xiaodong Song(Peking Universi...1.Introduction Speaking with an audience as a scientific expert should not be intimidating.I have done more than my share in a variety of roles,so Professors Zhigang Peng(Georgia Tech)and Xiaodong Song(Peking University)asked me to review pertinent lessons.展开更多
The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,known as the Roof of the World and the Water Tower of Asia,is recognized as the Earth’s Third Pole.It functions as a vital ecological security barrier and a strategic resource reserve for C...The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,known as the Roof of the World and the Water Tower of Asia,is recognized as the Earth’s Third Pole.It functions as a vital ecological security barrier and a strategic resource reserve for China,while also serving as an important conservation area that reflects the unique culture of the Chinese nation.Conducting the Second Comprehensive Scientific Expedition to the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is essential for understanding valuable insights into scientific protection of the region.展开更多
The Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering is the official journal of The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China and published by the Chemical Industry Press Co.,Ltd.The aim of the journal is to develop t...The Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering is the official journal of The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China and published by the Chemical Industry Press Co.,Ltd.The aim of the journal is to develop the international exchange of scientific and technical information in the field of chemical engineering.Submission of Papers All papers will be submitted on line.展开更多
The great northern wilderness,known as Beidahuang in Chinese,refers to the extreme,northeastern region of China.After the founding of the People's Republic of China,hundreds of thousands of youngsters were sent to...The great northern wilderness,known as Beidahuang in Chinese,refers to the extreme,northeastern region of China.After the founding of the People's Republic of China,hundreds of thousands of youngsters were sent to the region to help the nascent nation ensure food security,and modernize its agricultural production.展开更多
In an academic environment increasingly shaped by metrics and the imperatives of“publish or perish”,it is rare to encounter a leading scientist willing to interweave personal narrative with conceptual reflection.The...In an academic environment increasingly shaped by metrics and the imperatives of“publish or perish”,it is rare to encounter a leading scientist willing to interweave personal narrative with conceptual reflection.The Soul of Geography by Fu(2025)achieves precisely this.The book resists simple categorisation:it is neither a conventional monograph nor a memoir,but rather a hybrid text that integrates autobiography,disciplinary reflection,and scientific arguments.In doing so,Fu articulates not only the trajectory of his own career but also a vision of geography as a discipline of theoretical depth and practical relevance.展开更多
Defining science and demarcating it from pseudoscience are longstanding core issues in the philosophy of science.Hilbert’s traditional axiomatic standards(consistency,completeness,independence)struggle with modern co...Defining science and demarcating it from pseudoscience are longstanding core issues in the philosophy of science.Hilbert’s traditional axiomatic standards(consistency,completeness,independence)struggle with modern complex systems,while existing demarcation criteria like replicability and Popper’s falsificationism have practical limitations.Analyzing incompatibilities in complex systems,this paper proposes a revised framework:modified Hilbert axiomatic standards(clearly defined concepts,logical consistency,unrefuted axioms)and dynamic demarcation criteria.Abandoning unattainable traditional requirements of completeness and independence,it emphasizes conceptual clarity,openness,and progressiveness,offering an operational,self-consistent basis for judging scientificity.展开更多
YOU CANNOT SUCCUMB TO CHOLERA,unless the sewage system breaks down-likewise deaths from violence vanish,as long as emotional support networks are working properly.Gut hygiene eliminates the one,societal hygiene the ot...YOU CANNOT SUCCUMB TO CHOLERA,unless the sewage system breaks down-likewise deaths from violence vanish,as long as emotional support networks are working properly.Gut hygiene eliminates the one,societal hygiene the other.Cholera was an inexorable plague-until Germ Theory was accepted and implemented.Violence too,will persist-until we agree and accept its equivalent in Societal Theory.The scientific method,especially Quantum Physics,sabotages philosophy-it cannot cope with the living fact that the elephant in the room is alive.Quantum Mechanics describes itself as being(1)more incomprehensible,(2)weirder,and(3)more uncertain than anything we’ve met before.But that’s chickenfeed,compared to what you find in clinical medicine,which though portrayed as being intrinsically woolly and subjective,wilfully aims to enhance life,whatever that might be.展开更多
From cracking the code of viruses to mentoring the next generation of scientists,the former president of Nankai University has contributed a lot to turning microscopic discoveries into monumental shields for global he...From cracking the code of viruses to mentoring the next generation of scientists,the former president of Nankai University has contributed a lot to turning microscopic discoveries into monumental shields for global health.OVER the past 40 years,one man has distinguished himself through a deep commitment to researching protein structures of high pathogenic viruses,and published numerous significant works in top international scientific journals.展开更多
AI,as a strategic technology leading the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation,is profoundly reshaping people’s work and life.Chinese President Xi Jinping called for promo...AI,as a strategic technology leading the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation,is profoundly reshaping people’s work and life.Chinese President Xi Jinping called for promoting a healthy and orderly development of AI during the 20th group study session of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee held on 25 April 2025.展开更多
Biodiversity constitutes the fundamental cornerstone of ecosystem stability and resilience,furnishing indispensable services that encompass food production,the provision of clean water,climate regulation and the contr...Biodiversity constitutes the fundamental cornerstone of ecosystem stability and resilience,furnishing indispensable services that encompass food production,the provision of clean water,climate regulation and the control of disease.Nonetheless,the planet is currently experiencing an unprecedented biodiversity crisis.展开更多
Chinese President Xi Jinping’s New Year message summarized an important year of steady progress as the country prepares to launch its 15th Five-Year Plan.“Our economic strength,scientific and technological abilities...Chinese President Xi Jinping’s New Year message summarized an important year of steady progress as the country prepares to launch its 15th Five-Year Plan.“Our economic strength,scientific and technological abilities,defense capabilities,and composite national strength all reached new heights.”declared President Xi Jinping in his 2026 New Year message on De-By CHINA TODAY cember 31,2025,offering a succinct summary of China’s development over the past year,marked by resilience,progress,and renewed confidence as the country stands at the threshold of a new development phase.展开更多
In this paper,we propose a systematic approach for accelerating finite element-type methods by machine learning for the numerical solution of partial differential equations(PDEs).The main idea is to use a neural netwo...In this paper,we propose a systematic approach for accelerating finite element-type methods by machine learning for the numerical solution of partial differential equations(PDEs).The main idea is to use a neural network to learn the solution map of the PDEs and to do so in an element-wise fashion.This map takes input of the element geometry and the PDE’s parameters on that element,and gives output of two operators:(1)the in2out operator for inter-element communication,and(2)the in2sol operator(Green’s function)for element-wise solution recovery.A significant advantage of this approach is that,once trained,this network can be used for the numerical solution of the PDE for any domain geometry and any parameter distribution without retraining.Also,the training is significantly simpler since it is done on the element level instead on the entire domain.We call this approach element learning.This method is closely related to hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin(HDG)methods in the sense that the local solvers of HDG are replaced by machine learning approaches.Numerical tests are presented for an example PDE,the radiative transfer or radiation transport equation,in a variety of scenarios with idealized or realistic cloud fields,with smooth or sharp gradient in the cloud boundary transition.Under a fixed accuracy level of 10^(−3) in the relative L^(2) error,and polynomial degree p=6 in each element,we observe an approximately 5 to 10 times speed-up by element learning compared to a classical finite element-type method.展开更多
The journal of Global Geology is sponsored by the International Center for Geoscience Research and Education in Northeast Asia,Jilin University of China(ISSN 1673-9736,CN 22-1371/P).The former name of the journal was ...The journal of Global Geology is sponsored by the International Center for Geoscience Research and Education in Northeast Asia,Jilin University of China(ISSN 1673-9736,CN 22-1371/P).The former name of the journal was Journal of Geoscientific Research in Northeast Asia.It was launched in 1998 and served the geologist,teachers and students in geosciences.The Editorial Board is composed of 69 scientists from different countries in the world,including Belgium,China,Canada,Democratic People’s Republic of Korea,Germany,Japan,Mongolia,Republic of Korea,Russia,UK and USA.It was originally biannual,and then changed to a quarterly since 2008.We hope that the readers worldwide will be more interested in and continue to support the journal by contributing more papers.展开更多
The Yingxiu-Beichuan fault zone(YBFZ)has long been active and experienced repeated large earthquakes.The physicochemical properties of the deep fault zone(>1000 m)are the key to understanding the deformation mechan...The Yingxiu-Beichuan fault zone(YBFZ)has long been active and experienced repeated large earthquakes.The physicochemical properties of the deep fault zone(>1000 m)are the key to understanding the deformation mechanism of large earthquakes.This study uses rock magnetic,microstructural,and geochemical analyses of representative samples exposed in FZ1681 within the Wenchuan Earthquake Fault Scientific Drilling borehole 2(WFSD-2)cores.Fault gouge and fault breccia have higher magnetic susceptibility values than wall rocks,and they contain abundant paramagnetic minerals and small quantities of magnetite and monoclinic pyrrhotite.The magnetite and monoclinic pyrrhotite in the fault gouge were mainly formed by coseismic frictional heating,indicating that large earthquakes with frictional heating temperatures of~500-900℃once occurred in the YBFZ.The seismogenic and coseismic environment was reducing with a relatively high sulfur content.The monoclinic pyrrhotite in the fault breccia was formed mainly by low-temperature hydrothermal fluid.This indicates that the fault zone experienced reducing and low-temperature(<400℃)hydrothermal fluid with a relatively high sulfur content after the earthquake.The YBFZ,which experiences frequent large earthquakes,is weakly oxidizing environment at different depths,but the effect of the low-temperature hydrothermal fluid is weaker at depth.展开更多
In 2025,I had the honor of delivering keynote speeches at the conferences of the International Society for Diet and Activity Methods in Toronto,Canada,and the International Society of Behavioural Nutrition and Physica...In 2025,I had the honor of delivering keynote speeches at the conferences of the International Society for Diet and Activity Methods in Toronto,Canada,and the International Society of Behavioural Nutrition and Physical Activity in Auckland,Aotearoa,New Zealand.These opportunities prompted deep reflection on scientific research in general,and on physical activity and health research specifically.展开更多
On November 28th,the 2025 China National Textile and Apparel Council Science and Technology Awards Ceremony was held in Beijing.The project"Key Technologies and Systems for Green and Intelligent Production of Lyo...On November 28th,the 2025 China National Textile and Apparel Council Science and Technology Awards Ceremony was held in Beijing.The project"Key Technologies and Systems for Green and Intelligent Production of Lyocell Fibers,"in which Zhengzhou Textile Machinery Co.,Ltd.(ZFJ)participated,won the first prize for scientific and technological progress.展开更多
I offer suggestions to increase the probability of success of an international research project.Collaborative studies often produce more innovative and transformative scientific results than work done by a single inve...I offer suggestions to increase the probability of success of an international research project.Collaborative studies often produce more innovative and transformative scientific results than work done by a single investigator or an isolated team.My advice is intended for early-career scientists.The product of the collaboration may be high-impact research publications,enhanced geophysical monitoring capabilities in a foreign country,or an advanced training course.Choosing the right international partner is the most important step.Keeping an open mind and being receptive to suggestions to modify the initial concept is critical.Other key steps include having a mutually agreed upon plan with achievable goals and well-defined expected outcomes.International cooperation is a richly rewarding experience that accelerates progress in the Earth Sciences.展开更多
Introduction To further promote the modernization and global dissemination of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the editorial board of Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine(AHM),in collaboration with several leading institu...Introduction To further promote the modernization and global dissemination of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the editorial board of Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine(AHM),in collaboration with several leading institutions,has continued the annual selection of the“World Top 50 High-Impact Research of Traditional Medicine.”This initiative aims to showcase cutting-edge advances,foster international collaboration,and accelerate the translation of scientific achievements into clinical and industrial applications.The 2025 selection was jointly organized by Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,the Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China,the China Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and Wolters Kluwer.The final list was announced on April 23,2025,at the opening ceremony of the Fourth High-Quality Development Conference of Traditional Chinese Medicine,to facilitate global sharing of research achievements in TCM modernization.展开更多
基金Support was provided by NSF(grant No.EAR-2041892)
文摘1.Introduction Speaking with an audience as a scientific expert should not be intimidating.I have done more than my share in a variety of roles,so Professors Zhigang Peng(Georgia Tech)and Xiaodong Song(Peking University)asked me to review pertinent lessons.
文摘The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,known as the Roof of the World and the Water Tower of Asia,is recognized as the Earth’s Third Pole.It functions as a vital ecological security barrier and a strategic resource reserve for China,while also serving as an important conservation area that reflects the unique culture of the Chinese nation.Conducting the Second Comprehensive Scientific Expedition to the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is essential for understanding valuable insights into scientific protection of the region.
文摘The Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering is the official journal of The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China and published by the Chemical Industry Press Co.,Ltd.The aim of the journal is to develop the international exchange of scientific and technical information in the field of chemical engineering.Submission of Papers All papers will be submitted on line.
文摘The great northern wilderness,known as Beidahuang in Chinese,refers to the extreme,northeastern region of China.After the founding of the People's Republic of China,hundreds of thousands of youngsters were sent to the region to help the nascent nation ensure food security,and modernize its agricultural production.
文摘In an academic environment increasingly shaped by metrics and the imperatives of“publish or perish”,it is rare to encounter a leading scientist willing to interweave personal narrative with conceptual reflection.The Soul of Geography by Fu(2025)achieves precisely this.The book resists simple categorisation:it is neither a conventional monograph nor a memoir,but rather a hybrid text that integrates autobiography,disciplinary reflection,and scientific arguments.In doing so,Fu articulates not only the trajectory of his own career but also a vision of geography as a discipline of theoretical depth and practical relevance.
基金supported by the start-up funding from Westlake University under Grant Number 041030150118 and the scientific research project of Westlake University“Theoretical Research and Demonstration Application of Complex Systems and Deep-Sea Technology(Phase I)”under Grant Number WU2025A006.
文摘Defining science and demarcating it from pseudoscience are longstanding core issues in the philosophy of science.Hilbert’s traditional axiomatic standards(consistency,completeness,independence)struggle with modern complex systems,while existing demarcation criteria like replicability and Popper’s falsificationism have practical limitations.Analyzing incompatibilities in complex systems,this paper proposes a revised framework:modified Hilbert axiomatic standards(clearly defined concepts,logical consistency,unrefuted axioms)and dynamic demarcation criteria.Abandoning unattainable traditional requirements of completeness and independence,it emphasizes conceptual clarity,openness,and progressiveness,offering an operational,self-consistent basis for judging scientificity.
文摘YOU CANNOT SUCCUMB TO CHOLERA,unless the sewage system breaks down-likewise deaths from violence vanish,as long as emotional support networks are working properly.Gut hygiene eliminates the one,societal hygiene the other.Cholera was an inexorable plague-until Germ Theory was accepted and implemented.Violence too,will persist-until we agree and accept its equivalent in Societal Theory.The scientific method,especially Quantum Physics,sabotages philosophy-it cannot cope with the living fact that the elephant in the room is alive.Quantum Mechanics describes itself as being(1)more incomprehensible,(2)weirder,and(3)more uncertain than anything we’ve met before.But that’s chickenfeed,compared to what you find in clinical medicine,which though portrayed as being intrinsically woolly and subjective,wilfully aims to enhance life,whatever that might be.
文摘From cracking the code of viruses to mentoring the next generation of scientists,the former president of Nankai University has contributed a lot to turning microscopic discoveries into monumental shields for global health.OVER the past 40 years,one man has distinguished himself through a deep commitment to researching protein structures of high pathogenic viruses,and published numerous significant works in top international scientific journals.
文摘AI,as a strategic technology leading the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation,is profoundly reshaping people’s work and life.Chinese President Xi Jinping called for promoting a healthy and orderly development of AI during the 20th group study session of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee held on 25 April 2025.
基金supported by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation-Special Program on Biodiversity(2023B0303050001).
文摘Biodiversity constitutes the fundamental cornerstone of ecosystem stability and resilience,furnishing indispensable services that encompass food production,the provision of clean water,climate regulation and the control of disease.Nonetheless,the planet is currently experiencing an unprecedented biodiversity crisis.
文摘Chinese President Xi Jinping’s New Year message summarized an important year of steady progress as the country prepares to launch its 15th Five-Year Plan.“Our economic strength,scientific and technological abilities,defense capabilities,and composite national strength all reached new heights.”declared President Xi Jinping in his 2026 New Year message on De-By CHINA TODAY cember 31,2025,offering a succinct summary of China’s development over the past year,marked by resilience,progress,and renewed confidence as the country stands at the threshold of a new development phase.
基金partially supported by the NSF(Grant No.DMS 2324368)by the Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research and Graduate Education at the University of Wisconsin-Madison with funding from the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation.
文摘In this paper,we propose a systematic approach for accelerating finite element-type methods by machine learning for the numerical solution of partial differential equations(PDEs).The main idea is to use a neural network to learn the solution map of the PDEs and to do so in an element-wise fashion.This map takes input of the element geometry and the PDE’s parameters on that element,and gives output of two operators:(1)the in2out operator for inter-element communication,and(2)the in2sol operator(Green’s function)for element-wise solution recovery.A significant advantage of this approach is that,once trained,this network can be used for the numerical solution of the PDE for any domain geometry and any parameter distribution without retraining.Also,the training is significantly simpler since it is done on the element level instead on the entire domain.We call this approach element learning.This method is closely related to hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin(HDG)methods in the sense that the local solvers of HDG are replaced by machine learning approaches.Numerical tests are presented for an example PDE,the radiative transfer or radiation transport equation,in a variety of scenarios with idealized or realistic cloud fields,with smooth or sharp gradient in the cloud boundary transition.Under a fixed accuracy level of 10^(−3) in the relative L^(2) error,and polynomial degree p=6 in each element,we observe an approximately 5 to 10 times speed-up by element learning compared to a classical finite element-type method.
文摘The journal of Global Geology is sponsored by the International Center for Geoscience Research and Education in Northeast Asia,Jilin University of China(ISSN 1673-9736,CN 22-1371/P).The former name of the journal was Journal of Geoscientific Research in Northeast Asia.It was launched in 1998 and served the geologist,teachers and students in geosciences.The Editorial Board is composed of 69 scientists from different countries in the world,including Belgium,China,Canada,Democratic People’s Republic of Korea,Germany,Japan,Mongolia,Republic of Korea,Russia,UK and USA.It was originally biannual,and then changed to a quarterly since 2008.We hope that the readers worldwide will be more interested in and continue to support the journal by contributing more papers.
基金supported by the Deep Earth Probe and Mineral Resources Exploration-National Science and Technology Major Project(2024ZD1000500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42172262 and 42372266)+1 种基金the China Geological Survey(DD20240041)the Fundamental Research Funds of the Institute of Geomechanics(DZLXJK202516).
文摘The Yingxiu-Beichuan fault zone(YBFZ)has long been active and experienced repeated large earthquakes.The physicochemical properties of the deep fault zone(>1000 m)are the key to understanding the deformation mechanism of large earthquakes.This study uses rock magnetic,microstructural,and geochemical analyses of representative samples exposed in FZ1681 within the Wenchuan Earthquake Fault Scientific Drilling borehole 2(WFSD-2)cores.Fault gouge and fault breccia have higher magnetic susceptibility values than wall rocks,and they contain abundant paramagnetic minerals and small quantities of magnetite and monoclinic pyrrhotite.The magnetite and monoclinic pyrrhotite in the fault gouge were mainly formed by coseismic frictional heating,indicating that large earthquakes with frictional heating temperatures of~500-900℃once occurred in the YBFZ.The seismogenic and coseismic environment was reducing with a relatively high sulfur content.The monoclinic pyrrhotite in the fault breccia was formed mainly by low-temperature hydrothermal fluid.This indicates that the fault zone experienced reducing and low-temperature(<400℃)hydrothermal fluid with a relatively high sulfur content after the earthquake.The YBFZ,which experiences frequent large earthquakes,is weakly oxidizing environment at different depths,but the effect of the low-temperature hydrothermal fluid is weaker at depth.
文摘In 2025,I had the honor of delivering keynote speeches at the conferences of the International Society for Diet and Activity Methods in Toronto,Canada,and the International Society of Behavioural Nutrition and Physical Activity in Auckland,Aotearoa,New Zealand.These opportunities prompted deep reflection on scientific research in general,and on physical activity and health research specifically.
文摘On November 28th,the 2025 China National Textile and Apparel Council Science and Technology Awards Ceremony was held in Beijing.The project"Key Technologies and Systems for Green and Intelligent Production of Lyocell Fibers,"in which Zhengzhou Textile Machinery Co.,Ltd.(ZFJ)participated,won the first prize for scientific and technological progress.
文摘I offer suggestions to increase the probability of success of an international research project.Collaborative studies often produce more innovative and transformative scientific results than work done by a single investigator or an isolated team.My advice is intended for early-career scientists.The product of the collaboration may be high-impact research publications,enhanced geophysical monitoring capabilities in a foreign country,or an advanced training course.Choosing the right international partner is the most important step.Keeping an open mind and being receptive to suggestions to modify the initial concept is critical.Other key steps include having a mutually agreed upon plan with achievable goals and well-defined expected outcomes.International cooperation is a richly rewarding experience that accelerates progress in the Earth Sciences.
文摘Introduction To further promote the modernization and global dissemination of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the editorial board of Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine(AHM),in collaboration with several leading institutions,has continued the annual selection of the“World Top 50 High-Impact Research of Traditional Medicine.”This initiative aims to showcase cutting-edge advances,foster international collaboration,and accelerate the translation of scientific achievements into clinical and industrial applications.The 2025 selection was jointly organized by Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,the Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China,the China Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and Wolters Kluwer.The final list was announced on April 23,2025,at the opening ceremony of the Fourth High-Quality Development Conference of Traditional Chinese Medicine,to facilitate global sharing of research achievements in TCM modernization.
