Background Paranoia exists in the general population,both in adults and in children,and is a key feature of schizotypy and schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.Attempts to develop child-appropriate tools to assess childho...Background Paranoia exists in the general population,both in adults and in children,and is a key feature of schizotypy and schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.Attempts to develop child-appropriate tools to assess childhood suspiciousness and its correlation with developmental psychopathology are underdeveloped but crucial.Aims This study examines the prevalence and structure of childhood mistrust and its correlations with internalising and externalising problems in non-clinical and clinical samples using a newly validated Italian Social Mistrust Scale(SMS).Methods Children aged 8-14 years old from a nonclinical(n=242)and a clinical sample with anxiety and/or mood disorder(n=44)were recruited.All children completed the SMS and a standardised battery of tests measuring schizotypal traits,anxiety,depression and internalising/externalising problems.Results The total Mistrust Score was positively skewed,with 50%of children scoring≤3 points and 15%scoring≥7 points.Factor analyses revealed a threefactor model(ie,General Mistrust,Home Mistrust and School Mistrust)replicating the original English SMS.As expected,childhood mistrust was positively correlated with schizotypal traits,anxiety and depression in the nonclinical sample(r=0.49,0.42 and 0.54,respectively)and in the clinical sample(r=0.75,0.51 and 0.85,respectively).Finally,the SMS showed an overall moderate internal reliability(α)in the non-clinical sample(α=0.74),and a good internal reliability in the clinical sample(α=0.83).Conclusions Consistent with previous studies,childhood mistrust—as measured by the newly translated Italian SMS—exists on a continuum of severity and is associated with higher levels of childhood psychopathology.Exploring social mistrust and suspiciousness in childhood can support clinicians and researchers,and could help develop preventive interventions during early development,particularly for children at risk of specific emotional and behavioural challenges.展开更多
Evidence suggests that the structure of psychosis-proneness in the general population may involve three distinct related dimensions. Therefore we conducted a study, using a wider range of measures, to explore the fact...Evidence suggests that the structure of psychosis-proneness in the general population may involve three distinct related dimensions. Therefore we conducted a study, using a wider range of measures, to explore the factorial structure of schizotypy assessed by a mixed self-report Schizotypal Traits Questionnaire (mSTQ) in young French healthy individuals. Raine’s Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire [SPQ] and four of the Chapman’s scales [Magical Ideation Scale-MIS;Perceptual Aberration Scale-PAS;Revised Physical Anhedonia Scale-PhA and Revised Social Anhedonia Scale-SA] were combined to form a mSTQ which was administered to 232 French undergraduate students aged from 18 to 25 years old. A Principal Component Analysis [PCA] was carried out on scores for each scale to examine the factorial structure of schizotypal traits in this sample. PCA evidenced a three-factor model of schizotypy in the sample as a whole and even in the lower score sub-sample. The three factors were “positive or cognitive-perceptual”, “negative or social-interpersonal” and “disorganization” latent. Schizotypy, as assessed by these scales, is a multidimensional construct composed by at least three dimensions in this nonclinical sample. This factorial structure is similar to those of schizophrenia symptoms which raise the hypothesis of a continuum from normality to schizophrenia via schizotypal展开更多
Diminished social pleasure has been reported in people with schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder(ASD).Previous studies suggested that emotional expressivity is closely correlated with social pleasure.However,the...Diminished social pleasure has been reported in people with schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder(ASD).Previous studies suggested that emotional expressivity is closely correlated with social pleasure.However,the underlying psychological mechanisms between traits related to schizophrenia and ASD,emotional expressivity,and social pleasure remain unclear.This study aimed to investigate the relationship between subclinical schizotypal and autistic traits,facial expressions,and social pleasure.Eighty-six healthy participants(mean age=20.35±0.26 years,44 males)were recruited to complete an emotion elicitation task and an autobiographical recalling task,while their facial expressions were videotaped for computerized analysis using the FaceReader.The intensity of different facial expressions(happy,sad,angry,surprised,scared,and disgusted),valence,and arousal were extracted.The self-report Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale(MSS),Autism-Spectrum Quotient(AQ),and Anticipatory and Consummatory Interpersonal Pleasure Scale(ACIPS)were administered to measure subclinical traits and social pleasure.Partial correlation analysis and moderation analysis were performed.Both schizotypal and autistic traits were negatively correlated with social pleasure.The moderation effects of angry facial expression for both schizotypal and autistic traits on their associations with social pleasure were significant.In addition,scared and surprised facial expressions moderated the associations between positive and negative dimensions of schizotypy and social pleasure,while arousal moderated the associations between autistic traits and social pleasure.Our study identified different moderating effects of facial emotion expressions on schizotypal and social anhedonia and autistic traits and social anhedonia,thereby revealing possible different psychopathological mechanisms underlying similar social anhedonia in subclinical populations.展开更多
Deficits in schizophrenia are linked to abnormalities in the glutamate(Glu)system,which are believed to result in neurological soft signs(NSS)and negative symptoms.This study investigated the relationship between Glu ...Deficits in schizophrenia are linked to abnormalities in the glutamate(Glu)system,which are believed to result in neurological soft signs(NSS)and negative symptoms.This study investigated the relationship between Glu levels of the anterior cingulate cortex(ACC)and NSS,particularly sensory integration,in individuals with high and low levels of social anhedonia using 3 Tesla(T)and 7T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy(MRS).We recruited 16 participants with high social anhedonia and 18 with low social anhedonia and correlated their NSS scores with ACC Glu levels.While spectral quality metrics differed between field strengths,with 7T showing better spectral resolution and metabolite quantification reliability,both 3T and 7T data showed consistent correlation patterns.Our findings demonstrated that higher ACC Glu levels were associated with poorer sensory integration in high levels of social anhedonia across both field strengths,supported by both Pearson and Spearman rank correlations.Notably,the opposite pattern of association was found in people with low levels of social anhedonia at 7T.The Glu systems may be the common mechanisms for negative symptoms and NSS,highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target.展开更多
基金supported by the University College London Global Engagement Funds 2022/23 to KK-YW(PI)and IA(Co-I)KK-YW is supported by the ESRC Policy Fellowship(ES/Y004906/1).
文摘Background Paranoia exists in the general population,both in adults and in children,and is a key feature of schizotypy and schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.Attempts to develop child-appropriate tools to assess childhood suspiciousness and its correlation with developmental psychopathology are underdeveloped but crucial.Aims This study examines the prevalence and structure of childhood mistrust and its correlations with internalising and externalising problems in non-clinical and clinical samples using a newly validated Italian Social Mistrust Scale(SMS).Methods Children aged 8-14 years old from a nonclinical(n=242)and a clinical sample with anxiety and/or mood disorder(n=44)were recruited.All children completed the SMS and a standardised battery of tests measuring schizotypal traits,anxiety,depression and internalising/externalising problems.Results The total Mistrust Score was positively skewed,with 50%of children scoring≤3 points and 15%scoring≥7 points.Factor analyses revealed a threefactor model(ie,General Mistrust,Home Mistrust and School Mistrust)replicating the original English SMS.As expected,childhood mistrust was positively correlated with schizotypal traits,anxiety and depression in the nonclinical sample(r=0.49,0.42 and 0.54,respectively)and in the clinical sample(r=0.75,0.51 and 0.85,respectively).Finally,the SMS showed an overall moderate internal reliability(α)in the non-clinical sample(α=0.74),and a good internal reliability in the clinical sample(α=0.83).Conclusions Consistent with previous studies,childhood mistrust—as measured by the newly translated Italian SMS—exists on a continuum of severity and is associated with higher levels of childhood psychopathology.Exploring social mistrust and suspiciousness in childhood can support clinicians and researchers,and could help develop preventive interventions during early development,particularly for children at risk of specific emotional and behavioural challenges.
基金grants from the “Progamme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique” (PHRC) the “Université Lyon 1” (BQR) the “Conseil Scientifique de la Recherche, CH Le Vinatier”
文摘Evidence suggests that the structure of psychosis-proneness in the general population may involve three distinct related dimensions. Therefore we conducted a study, using a wider range of measures, to explore the factorial structure of schizotypy assessed by a mixed self-report Schizotypal Traits Questionnaire (mSTQ) in young French healthy individuals. Raine’s Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire [SPQ] and four of the Chapman’s scales [Magical Ideation Scale-MIS;Perceptual Aberration Scale-PAS;Revised Physical Anhedonia Scale-PhA and Revised Social Anhedonia Scale-SA] were combined to form a mSTQ which was administered to 232 French undergraduate students aged from 18 to 25 years old. A Principal Component Analysis [PCA] was carried out on scores for each scale to examine the factorial structure of schizotypal traits in this sample. PCA evidenced a three-factor model of schizotypy in the sample as a whole and even in the lower score sub-sample. The three factors were “positive or cognitive-perceptual”, “negative or social-interpersonal” and “disorganization” latent. Schizotypy, as assessed by these scales, is a multidimensional construct composed by at least three dimensions in this nonclinical sample. This factorial structure is similar to those of schizophrenia symptoms which raise the hypothesis of a continuum from normality to schizophrenia via schizotypal
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,31871114,32061160468Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,ZR2021MC103.
文摘Diminished social pleasure has been reported in people with schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder(ASD).Previous studies suggested that emotional expressivity is closely correlated with social pleasure.However,the underlying psychological mechanisms between traits related to schizophrenia and ASD,emotional expressivity,and social pleasure remain unclear.This study aimed to investigate the relationship between subclinical schizotypal and autistic traits,facial expressions,and social pleasure.Eighty-six healthy participants(mean age=20.35±0.26 years,44 males)were recruited to complete an emotion elicitation task and an autobiographical recalling task,while their facial expressions were videotaped for computerized analysis using the FaceReader.The intensity of different facial expressions(happy,sad,angry,surprised,scared,and disgusted),valence,and arousal were extracted.The self-report Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale(MSS),Autism-Spectrum Quotient(AQ),and Anticipatory and Consummatory Interpersonal Pleasure Scale(ACIPS)were administered to measure subclinical traits and social pleasure.Partial correlation analysis and moderation analysis were performed.Both schizotypal and autistic traits were negatively correlated with social pleasure.The moderation effects of angry facial expression for both schizotypal and autistic traits on their associations with social pleasure were significant.In addition,scared and surprised facial expressions moderated the associations between positive and negative dimensions of schizotypy and social pleasure,while arousal moderated the associations between autistic traits and social pleasure.Our study identified different moderating effects of facial emotion expressions on schizotypal and social anhedonia and autistic traits and social anhedonia,thereby revealing possible different psychopathological mechanisms underlying similar social anhedonia in subclinical populations.
基金Raymond C.K.Chan was supported by the Scientific Foundation of the Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(E2CX3415CX)the STI2030-Major Projects(2021ZD0200800)+2 种基金the Philip K.H.Wong Foundationsupported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China Grants(2022ZD0211900,2019YFA0707103,2020AAA0105601)Fangrong Zong was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82371910).
文摘Deficits in schizophrenia are linked to abnormalities in the glutamate(Glu)system,which are believed to result in neurological soft signs(NSS)and negative symptoms.This study investigated the relationship between Glu levels of the anterior cingulate cortex(ACC)and NSS,particularly sensory integration,in individuals with high and low levels of social anhedonia using 3 Tesla(T)and 7T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy(MRS).We recruited 16 participants with high social anhedonia and 18 with low social anhedonia and correlated their NSS scores with ACC Glu levels.While spectral quality metrics differed between field strengths,with 7T showing better spectral resolution and metabolite quantification reliability,both 3T and 7T data showed consistent correlation patterns.Our findings demonstrated that higher ACC Glu levels were associated with poorer sensory integration in high levels of social anhedonia across both field strengths,supported by both Pearson and Spearman rank correlations.Notably,the opposite pattern of association was found in people with low levels of social anhedonia at 7T.The Glu systems may be the common mechanisms for negative symptoms and NSS,highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target.
