Schema theory originated from western Countries.It explained explicitly how readers' world knowledge interacts with text to arrive at comprehension.Many Chinese English teachers use it to guide their teaching,but ...Schema theory originated from western Countries.It explained explicitly how readers' world knowledge interacts with text to arrive at comprehension.Many Chinese English teachers use it to guide their teaching,but most of them can not get an ideal outcome.First,this paper represent schemata and schematic theory briefly,and then explores the interactions beween schematic theory and reading comprehension.At last,the author lists out three factors that is helpful for comprehending and establishing new schemata.展开更多
Flexible transfer line(FTL)is now widely used in ma ny manufacturing domains to realize efficiently,high quantity and economic prod uction.These manufacturing domains include automobile,tractor,internal-combu stion en...Flexible transfer line(FTL)is now widely used in ma ny manufacturing domains to realize efficiently,high quantity and economic prod uction.These manufacturing domains include automobile,tractor,internal-combu stion engine,and so on.In today’s competitive business environment,it is vit ally important for machine tool manufacturers to design flexible transfer line m ore effectively and efficiently according to a wider variety of customer demand s.This paper proposes an approach to a bidding-based flexible transfer line sc hematic design system.By analyzing manual FTL design process,the architecture o f flexible transfer line schematic design system(FTLSDS)is established.The syst em consists:of four processes:part feature modeling,process planning,FTL fac i lity layout and FTL evaluation. For FTL schematic design.a five-level proces s planning strategy named hierarchical process planning method is proposed.This method includes selection of manufacturing feature machining operation;part se t-up planning,feature sequencing,operation sequencing and process plan genera ting.The major decision relies on setup planning.According to the proceeding o f the hierarchical process planning,the structure of reasoning is proposed base d on blackboard.Under this paradigm,a cooperative effort between a hybrid coll ection of knowledge sources is possible.Total reasoning task can be divided int o some subtasks,and recursive-reasoning system is formed.It is convenient for process planning with step-by-step solution.Meanwhile,the blackboard is use d as the global data exchange area during all reasoning process.By using modula r technology,special purpose machine tools can be designed more efficiently and rapidly.The framework of machine modular design system to support machine requ irement design for FTL is established.By synthesizing the FTL evaluation criter ia.five evaluation criteria of flexible transfer 1ine schematic design are take n into account.An exampie is supplied to demonstrate and verify the validity an d feasibility of flexible transfer line schematic design approach.展开更多
Multiple constraints for schematic road network map cartographic design are analyzed and summarized. Based on this, a set of quantitative criteria are set up and a new road network generalization method including prog...Multiple constraints for schematic road network map cartographic design are analyzed and summarized. Based on this, a set of quantitative criteria are set up and a new road network generalization method including progressive selection and displacement is proposed. Furthermore, topological checking methods for road networks are researched. Based on these constraints, the points in a road network are classified, and a satisfactory and effective schematic map is designed in a con- crete experiment while maintaining topological consistency of the road network between the original and the schematic map展开更多
The automatic schematic diagram generator of BIT (ASG-BIT) discussed here is a subsystem of the VHDL high-level synthesis and mixed-level simulation system (HLS-BIT). It can abstract netlists from the result of logic ...The automatic schematic diagram generator of BIT (ASG-BIT) discussed here is a subsystem of the VHDL high-level synthesis and mixed-level simulation system (HLS-BIT). It can abstract netlists from the result of logic synthesis and generates functionally readable and aesthetically pleasing diagrams within reasonable execution time. The partitioning, placement and routing of schematic diagram are discussed .and some results including several diagrams generated by ASG-BIT system are presented in the finale of this paper.展开更多
As an audiovisual medium, computer animations require superior image quality and professional soundtrack to lead audiences into their fascinating virtual world. Without sound, the impact of storytelling is reduced or ...As an audiovisual medium, computer animations require superior image quality and professional soundtrack to lead audiences into their fascinating virtual world. Without sound, the impact of storytelling is reduced or the story is even not under- standable. Despite the importance of sound, most animators are unfamiliar with sound editing software. Limited budget projects such as independent or student works have difficulty hiring sound professionals to create tailor-made soundtrack. Therefore, we need a suitable sound tool to express their individual ideas. In this paper, we propose an approach using schematic for both computer animation and sound. Our approach provides (1) physical simulation on sound through animation parameters and (2) a new channel for animators to add aesthetic values in sound through their experience of using schematics in existing animation software. We demonstrate our idea through several examples, such as Doppler shift, obstacle effect, importance, energetic, and sputtering effect.展开更多
This corrigendum clarifies information in the article"PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling orchestrates the phenotypic transition and chemo-resistance of small cell lung cancer"by Li et al.(2021).The authors regret that ...This corrigendum clarifies information in the article"PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling orchestrates the phenotypic transition and chemo-resistance of small cell lung cancer"by Li et al.(2021).The authors regret that the image of H526 cells in the schematic illustration in Fig.4A displayed on the Webpage is wrong.The correct image for H526cells inthe schematic illustration is listed below。展开更多
This paper presented a new shared cache technique-the grouping cache, which could solve many invalid queries in the broadcast probe and the control bottleneck of the centralized web cache by dividing all cooperative c...This paper presented a new shared cache technique-the grouping cache, which could solve many invalid queries in the broadcast probe and the control bottleneck of the centralized web cache by dividing all cooperative caches into several groups according to their positions in the network topology. The technique has the following characteristics: The overhead of multi-cache query can be reduced efficiently by the cache grouping scheme; the compact summary of the cache directory can rapidly determine if a request exists in a cache within the group; the distribution algorithm based on the web-access logs can effectively balance the load among all the groups. The simulation test demonstrated that the grouping cache was more effective than any other existing shared cache techniques.展开更多
The printed circuit board(PCB)stands as the cornerstone of electronic equipment,with its schematic holding paramount importance for system performance and reliability.In light of the pervasive use of electronic device...The printed circuit board(PCB)stands as the cornerstone of electronic equipment,with its schematic holding paramount importance for system performance and reliability.In light of the pervasive use of electronic devices in society,concerns regarding maintenance,safety,backdoors,and other latent issues have garnered significant attention.Automatic schematic generation(ASG),with its distinct capability for generating circuit schematics autonomously,not only plays a pivotal role in electronic design automation(EDA)but also aids in deciphering the fundamental principles of PCB equipment to effectively address these underlying issues.However,constrained by the increasingly sophisticated manufacturing processes of PCBs and the inherent legal and ethical controversies surrounding reverse engineering,the development of related technologies faces notable bottlenecks.To break through technical barriers and advance technological progress,this paper comprehensively combs through the existing ASG,offers in-depth description of the core algorithms of the technology-layout and routing,and for the application of the technology in PCB reverse engineering,analyzes in detail the current challenges and the faced problems.Around these challenges,feasible solutions are discussed in this paper,with the aims of promoting the research of automatic PCB schematic generation technology and contributing new strength to EDA and PCB reverse engineering automation.展开更多
Considering that the noises resulting from low modulation frequency are serious and cannot be totally eliminated by the classic filters,a novel infrared(IR) gas concentration detection system based on the least square...Considering that the noises resulting from low modulation frequency are serious and cannot be totally eliminated by the classic filters,a novel infrared(IR) gas concentration detection system based on the least square fast transverse filtering(LS-FTF) self-adaptive modern filter structure is proposed.The principle,procedure and simulation on the LS-FTF algorithm are described.The system schematic diagram and key techniques are discussed.The procedures for the ARM7 processor,including LS-FTF and main program,are demonstrated.Comparisons between the experimental results of the detection system using the LS-FTF algorithm and those of the system without using this algorithm are performed.By using the LS-FTF algorithm,the maximum detection error is decreased from 14.3 to 5.4,and also the detection stability increases as the variation range of the relative error becomes much smaller.The proposed LS-FTF self-adaptive denoising method can be of practical value for mid-IR gas detection,especially for weak signal detection.展开更多
An analysis was conducted on the evolutional process of a mesoscale convective vortex （MCV） and associated heavy rainfall in the Dabie Mountain area on 21-22 June 2008,as well as their structural characteristics in ...An analysis was conducted on the evolutional process of a mesoscale convective vortex （MCV） and associated heavy rainfall in the Dabie Mountain area on 21-22 June 2008,as well as their structural characteristics in different stages,by using the mesoscale reanalysis data with 3 km and 1 h resolution generated by the Local Analysis and Prediction System （LAPS） in the Southern China Heavy Rainfall Experiment.The results showed that the latent heat released by convection in the midtroposphere was the main energy source for the development of a low-level vortex.There was a positive feedback interaction between the convection and the vortex,and the evolution of the MCV was closely related to the strength of the positive interaction.The most typical characteristics of the thermal structure in different stages were that,there was a relatively thin diabatic heating layer in the midtroposphere in the formative stage;the thickness of diabatic heating layer significantly increased in the mature stage;and it almost disappeared in the decay stage.The characteristics of the dynamic structure were that,in the formative stage,there was no anticyclonic circulation at the high level;in the mature stage,an anticyclonic circulation with strong divergence was formed at the high level;in the decay stage,the anticyclonic circulation was damaged and the high-level atmosphere was in a disordered state of turbulence.Finally,the structural schematics of the MCV in the formative and mature stage were established respectively.展开更多
When water penetrates into soil,interstitial air can become trapped by the infiltrating water.Neglecting the effect of air ventilation could cause deviations in the predicted pore water pressure and the associated eff...When water penetrates into soil,interstitial air can become trapped by the infiltrating water.Neglecting the effect of air ventilation could cause deviations in the predicted pore water pressure and the associated effective stress.This study aims at the effect of air ventilation on the coupled hydro-mechanical responses in homogeneous soil during infiltration.A schematic concept of infiltration conditions(open-and closed-valve)in homogeneous soil is proposed for investigating their impacts on the pore water pressure and effective stress.Experiments of vertical soil column filled with Ottawa sand(ASTM C77820/30)were designed for two types of air ventilation(namely,open and closed infiltration).The evolution of pore water pressure at the cylinder bottom was recorded,and served as a benchmark problem for evaluating the coupled hydro-mechanical response.Coding with the commercial software,GeoStudio,was employed for the dynamic behaviors of pore-water and-air pressures as well as the evolving effective stress.It was found in both the experiments and numerical investigations that the infiltration condition plays a crucial role for the ascending rate of pore water pressure as well as the associated effective stress.These results illustrate the inevitable impacts of the air ventilation conditions on the mechanical properties of the soil during infiltration.展开更多
This study quantifies the main characteristics of a terrain-following, G-coordinate through mathematical analyses of its covariant and contravariant basis vectors as well as the vertical coordinate of σ. A 3-D schema...This study quantifies the main characteristics of a terrain-following, G-coordinate through mathematical analyses of its covariant and contravariant basis vectors as well as the vertical coordinate of σ. A 3-D schematic of the σ-coordinate in a curvilinear coordinate system is provided in this study. The characteristics of the basis vectors were broken down into their ＂local vector charac- teristics＂ and ＂spatial distribution characteristics＂, and the exact expressions of the covariant; in addition, the con- travariant basis vectors of the G-coordinate used to eluci- date their detailed characteristics were properly solved. Through rewriting the expression of the vertical coordi- nate of G, a mathematical expression of all the cr-coor- dinate surfaces was found, thereby quantifying the so- called terrain-following characteristics and lack of flexi- bility to adjust the slope variation of G-coordinate sur- faces for the classic definition of G. Finally, an analysis on the range value of the vertical coordinate demonstrated that the general value range of G could be obtained by eliminating the G-coordinate surfaces below the Earth＇s surface. All these quantitative descriptions of the charac- teristics of G-coordinate were the foundation for improv- ing the G-coordinate or creating a new one.展开更多
The high speed and precision 16 bits DAC will be applied in DSP (Digital Signal Processing) based on CSR pulsed power supply control system. In this application the DAC is needed to work in 1 μs’ converting data rat...The high speed and precision 16 bits DAC will be applied in DSP (Digital Signal Processing) based on CSR pulsed power supply control system. In this application the DAC is needed to work in 1 μs’ converting data rate, 16 bit resolution and its output voltage is 10 volts.展开更多
In this paper, a simple aircraft surface ice detection system is proposed based on multi-wavelength imaging. Its feasibility is proved by the experimental results. The influence of color coatings of aircraft surface i...In this paper, a simple aircraft surface ice detection system is proposed based on multi-wavelength imaging. Its feasibility is proved by the experimental results. The influence of color coatings of aircraft surface is investigated. The results show that the ice area can be clearly distinguished from the red, white, gray and blue coatings painted aluminum plates. Due to the strong absorption, not enough signals can be detected for the black coatings. Thus, a deep research is needed. Even though, the results of this paper are helpful to the development of aircraft surface ice detection.展开更多
An approximate formula is proposed for the decay rate of energy eigenfunctions in classically energetically inaccessible regions in more than one-dimensional configuration spaces. This is achieved by generalizing an a...An approximate formula is proposed for the decay rate of energy eigenfunctions in classically energetically inaccessible regions in more than one-dimensional configuration spaces. This is achieved by generalizing an approach proposed recently for energy eigenfunctions in the one-dimensional configuration space. The formula is tested numerically in the Pullen-Edmonds model.展开更多
The fundamental transverse mode(TEM00)is preferable for experimental and theoretical study on the laser-induced retinal injury effect,for it can produce the minimal retinal image andestablish the most strict laser saf...The fundamental transverse mode(TEM00)is preferable for experimental and theoretical study on the laser-induced retinal injury effect,for it can produce the minimal retinal image andestablish the most strict laser safety standards.But actually lasers with higher order mode werefrequently used in both earlier and recent studies.Generally higher order mode leads to largerretinal spot size and so higher damage threshold,but there are few quantitative analyses on thisproblem.In this paper,a four-surface schematic eye model is established for human and macaque.The propagation of 532-nm laser in schematic eye is analyzed by the ABCD law of Gaussianoptics.It is shown that retinal spot size increases with laser transverse mode order.For relativelower mode order,the retinal spot diameter will not exceed the minimum laser-induced retinallesion(25~30μm in diameter),and so has little effect on retinal damage threshold.While forhigher order mode,the larger'retinal spot requires more energy to induce injury and so the damage threshold increases.When beam divergence is lowered,the retinal spot size decreasescorrespondingly,so the efect of mode order can be compensated.The retinal spot size of macaqueis slightly smaller than that of human and the ratio bet ween them is independent of mode order.We conclude that the laser mode order has significant influence on retinal spot size but limitedinfluence on the retinal injury ffect.展开更多
文摘Schema theory originated from western Countries.It explained explicitly how readers' world knowledge interacts with text to arrive at comprehension.Many Chinese English teachers use it to guide their teaching,but most of them can not get an ideal outcome.First,this paper represent schemata and schematic theory briefly,and then explores the interactions beween schematic theory and reading comprehension.At last,the author lists out three factors that is helpful for comprehending and establishing new schemata.
文摘Flexible transfer line(FTL)is now widely used in ma ny manufacturing domains to realize efficiently,high quantity and economic prod uction.These manufacturing domains include automobile,tractor,internal-combu stion engine,and so on.In today’s competitive business environment,it is vit ally important for machine tool manufacturers to design flexible transfer line m ore effectively and efficiently according to a wider variety of customer demand s.This paper proposes an approach to a bidding-based flexible transfer line sc hematic design system.By analyzing manual FTL design process,the architecture o f flexible transfer line schematic design system(FTLSDS)is established.The syst em consists:of four processes:part feature modeling,process planning,FTL fac i lity layout and FTL evaluation. For FTL schematic design.a five-level proces s planning strategy named hierarchical process planning method is proposed.This method includes selection of manufacturing feature machining operation;part se t-up planning,feature sequencing,operation sequencing and process plan genera ting.The major decision relies on setup planning.According to the proceeding o f the hierarchical process planning,the structure of reasoning is proposed base d on blackboard.Under this paradigm,a cooperative effort between a hybrid coll ection of knowledge sources is possible.Total reasoning task can be divided int o some subtasks,and recursive-reasoning system is formed.It is convenient for process planning with step-by-step solution.Meanwhile,the blackboard is use d as the global data exchange area during all reasoning process.By using modula r technology,special purpose machine tools can be designed more efficiently and rapidly.The framework of machine modular design system to support machine requ irement design for FTL is established.By synthesizing the FTL evaluation criter ia.five evaluation criteria of flexible transfer 1ine schematic design are take n into account.An exampie is supplied to demonstrate and verify the validity an d feasibility of flexible transfer line schematic design approach.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（No.40571133）.
文摘Multiple constraints for schematic road network map cartographic design are analyzed and summarized. Based on this, a set of quantitative criteria are set up and a new road network generalization method including progressive selection and displacement is proposed. Furthermore, topological checking methods for road networks are researched. Based on these constraints, the points in a road network are classified, and a satisfactory and effective schematic map is designed in a con- crete experiment while maintaining topological consistency of the road network between the original and the schematic map
文摘The automatic schematic diagram generator of BIT (ASG-BIT) discussed here is a subsystem of the VHDL high-level synthesis and mixed-level simulation system (HLS-BIT). It can abstract netlists from the result of logic synthesis and generates functionally readable and aesthetically pleasing diagrams within reasonable execution time. The partitioning, placement and routing of schematic diagram are discussed .and some results including several diagrams generated by ASG-BIT system are presented in the finale of this paper.
文摘As an audiovisual medium, computer animations require superior image quality and professional soundtrack to lead audiences into their fascinating virtual world. Without sound, the impact of storytelling is reduced or the story is even not under- standable. Despite the importance of sound, most animators are unfamiliar with sound editing software. Limited budget projects such as independent or student works have difficulty hiring sound professionals to create tailor-made soundtrack. Therefore, we need a suitable sound tool to express their individual ideas. In this paper, we propose an approach using schematic for both computer animation and sound. Our approach provides (1) physical simulation on sound through animation parameters and (2) a new channel for animators to add aesthetic values in sound through their experience of using schematics in existing animation software. We demonstrate our idea through several examples, such as Doppler shift, obstacle effect, importance, energetic, and sputtering effect.
文摘This corrigendum clarifies information in the article"PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling orchestrates the phenotypic transition and chemo-resistance of small cell lung cancer"by Li et al.(2021).The authors regret that the image of H526 cells in the schematic illustration in Fig.4A displayed on the Webpage is wrong.The correct image for H526cells inthe schematic illustration is listed below。
文摘This paper presented a new shared cache technique-the grouping cache, which could solve many invalid queries in the broadcast probe and the control bottleneck of the centralized web cache by dividing all cooperative caches into several groups according to their positions in the network topology. The technique has the following characteristics: The overhead of multi-cache query can be reduced efficiently by the cache grouping scheme; the compact summary of the cache directory can rapidly determine if a request exists in a cache within the group; the distribution algorithm based on the web-access logs can effectively balance the load among all the groups. The simulation test demonstrated that the grouping cache was more effective than any other existing shared cache techniques.
基金Project supported by the Laboratory for Advanced Computing and Intelligence Engineering,China。
文摘The printed circuit board(PCB)stands as the cornerstone of electronic equipment,with its schematic holding paramount importance for system performance and reliability.In light of the pervasive use of electronic devices in society,concerns regarding maintenance,safety,backdoors,and other latent issues have garnered significant attention.Automatic schematic generation(ASG),with its distinct capability for generating circuit schematics autonomously,not only plays a pivotal role in electronic design automation(EDA)but also aids in deciphering the fundamental principles of PCB equipment to effectively address these underlying issues.However,constrained by the increasingly sophisticated manufacturing processes of PCBs and the inherent legal and ethical controversies surrounding reverse engineering,the development of related technologies faces notable bottlenecks.To break through technical barriers and advance technological progress,this paper comprehensively combs through the existing ASG,offers in-depth description of the core algorithms of the technology-layout and routing,and for the application of the technology in PCB reverse engineering,analyzes in detail the current challenges and the faced problems.Around these challenges,feasible solutions are discussed in this paper,with the aims of promoting the research of automatic PCB schematic generation technology and contributing new strength to EDA and PCB reverse engineering automation.
基金supported by the National "863" Project of China (Nos. 2007AA06Z112,2007AA03Z446 and 2009AA03Z442)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.61077074)the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province of China (Nos. 20070709 and 20090422)
文摘Considering that the noises resulting from low modulation frequency are serious and cannot be totally eliminated by the classic filters,a novel infrared(IR) gas concentration detection system based on the least square fast transverse filtering(LS-FTF) self-adaptive modern filter structure is proposed.The principle,procedure and simulation on the LS-FTF algorithm are described.The system schematic diagram and key techniques are discussed.The procedures for the ARM7 processor,including LS-FTF and main program,are demonstrated.Comparisons between the experimental results of the detection system using the LS-FTF algorithm and those of the system without using this algorithm are performed.By using the LS-FTF algorithm,the maximum detection error is decreased from 14.3 to 5.4,and also the detection stability increases as the variation range of the relative error becomes much smaller.The proposed LS-FTF self-adaptive denoising method can be of practical value for mid-IR gas detection,especially for weak signal detection.
基金supported by the state "973" project "Research on Theories and Methods of Monitoring and Predicting of Heavy Rainfall in South China" (Grant No. 2004CB418300)
文摘An analysis was conducted on the evolutional process of a mesoscale convective vortex （MCV） and associated heavy rainfall in the Dabie Mountain area on 21-22 June 2008,as well as their structural characteristics in different stages,by using the mesoscale reanalysis data with 3 km and 1 h resolution generated by the Local Analysis and Prediction System （LAPS） in the Southern China Heavy Rainfall Experiment.The results showed that the latent heat released by convection in the midtroposphere was the main energy source for the development of a low-level vortex.There was a positive feedback interaction between the convection and the vortex,and the evolution of the MCV was closely related to the strength of the positive interaction.The most typical characteristics of the thermal structure in different stages were that,there was a relatively thin diabatic heating layer in the midtroposphere in the formative stage;the thickness of diabatic heating layer significantly increased in the mature stage;and it almost disappeared in the decay stage.The characteristics of the dynamic structure were that,in the formative stage,there was no anticyclonic circulation at the high level;in the mature stage,an anticyclonic circulation with strong divergence was formed at the high level;in the decay stage,the anticyclonic circulation was damaged and the high-level atmosphere was in a disordered state of turbulence.Finally,the structural schematics of the MCV in the formative and mature stage were established respectively.
文摘When water penetrates into soil,interstitial air can become trapped by the infiltrating water.Neglecting the effect of air ventilation could cause deviations in the predicted pore water pressure and the associated effective stress.This study aims at the effect of air ventilation on the coupled hydro-mechanical responses in homogeneous soil during infiltration.A schematic concept of infiltration conditions(open-and closed-valve)in homogeneous soil is proposed for investigating their impacts on the pore water pressure and effective stress.Experiments of vertical soil column filled with Ottawa sand(ASTM C77820/30)were designed for two types of air ventilation(namely,open and closed infiltration).The evolution of pore water pressure at the cylinder bottom was recorded,and served as a benchmark problem for evaluating the coupled hydro-mechanical response.Coding with the commercial software,GeoStudio,was employed for the dynamic behaviors of pore-water and-air pressures as well as the evolving effective stress.It was found in both the experiments and numerical investigations that the infiltration condition plays a crucial role for the ascending rate of pore water pressure as well as the associated effective stress.These results illustrate the inevitable impacts of the air ventilation conditions on the mechanical properties of the soil during infiltration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 40821092,40633016,and 40875022
文摘This study quantifies the main characteristics of a terrain-following, G-coordinate through mathematical analyses of its covariant and contravariant basis vectors as well as the vertical coordinate of σ. A 3-D schematic of the σ-coordinate in a curvilinear coordinate system is provided in this study. The characteristics of the basis vectors were broken down into their ＂local vector charac- teristics＂ and ＂spatial distribution characteristics＂, and the exact expressions of the covariant; in addition, the con- travariant basis vectors of the G-coordinate used to eluci- date their detailed characteristics were properly solved. Through rewriting the expression of the vertical coordi- nate of G, a mathematical expression of all the cr-coor- dinate surfaces was found, thereby quantifying the so- called terrain-following characteristics and lack of flexi- bility to adjust the slope variation of G-coordinate sur- faces for the classic definition of G. Finally, an analysis on the range value of the vertical coordinate demonstrated that the general value range of G could be obtained by eliminating the G-coordinate surfaces below the Earth＇s surface. All these quantitative descriptions of the charac- teristics of G-coordinate were the foundation for improv- ing the G-coordinate or creating a new one.
文摘The high speed and precision 16 bits DAC will be applied in DSP (Digital Signal Processing) based on CSR pulsed power supply control system. In this application the DAC is needed to work in 1 μs’ converting data rate, 16 bit resolution and its output voltage is 10 volts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61405246)the Foundation of Civil Aviation Administration of China(No.MHDR200809)the Foundation of Civil Aviation University of China(No.2010QD02S)
文摘In this paper, a simple aircraft surface ice detection system is proposed based on multi-wavelength imaging. Its feasibility is proved by the experimental results. The influence of color coatings of aircraft surface is investigated. The results show that the ice area can be clearly distinguished from the red, white, gray and blue coatings painted aluminum plates. Due to the strong absorption, not enough signals can be detected for the black coatings. Thus, a deep research is needed. Even though, the results of this paper are helpful to the development of aircraft surface ice detection.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 10275011.
文摘An approximate formula is proposed for the decay rate of energy eigenfunctions in classically energetically inaccessible regions in more than one-dimensional configuration spaces. This is achieved by generalizing an approach proposed recently for energy eigenfunctions in the one-dimensional configuration space. The formula is tested numerically in the Pullen-Edmonds model.
基金the support from the National Nature Science Foundation of China(NSFC),the grant number is 61275194.
文摘The fundamental transverse mode(TEM00)is preferable for experimental and theoretical study on the laser-induced retinal injury effect,for it can produce the minimal retinal image andestablish the most strict laser safety standards.But actually lasers with higher order mode werefrequently used in both earlier and recent studies.Generally higher order mode leads to largerretinal spot size and so higher damage threshold,but there are few quantitative analyses on thisproblem.In this paper,a four-surface schematic eye model is established for human and macaque.The propagation of 532-nm laser in schematic eye is analyzed by the ABCD law of Gaussianoptics.It is shown that retinal spot size increases with laser transverse mode order.For relativelower mode order,the retinal spot diameter will not exceed the minimum laser-induced retinallesion(25~30μm in diameter),and so has little effect on retinal damage threshold.While forhigher order mode,the larger'retinal spot requires more energy to induce injury and so the damage threshold increases.When beam divergence is lowered,the retinal spot size decreasescorrespondingly,so the efect of mode order can be compensated.The retinal spot size of macaqueis slightly smaller than that of human and the ratio bet ween them is independent of mode order.We conclude that the laser mode order has significant influence on retinal spot size but limitedinfluence on the retinal injury ffect.
