In accordance with the specific deployment way of infrastructure and data exchanging technology in the Internet of vehicles(IoV),the acquiring and calculating method for three basic traffic flow parameters in IoV scen...In accordance with the specific deployment way of infrastructure and data exchanging technology in the Internet of vehicles(IoV),the acquiring and calculating method for three basic traffic flow parameters in IoV scenarios,including traffic flow,speed and density,was researched.Considering the complexity of traffic flow and fuzziness of human thinking,fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm based on the genetic algorithm(GA-FCM) was adopted in soft classification of urban road traffic conditions.Genetic algorithm(GA) introduced into fuzzy clustering could avoid fuzzy c-means(FCM) algorithm converging to the local infinitesimal point,which made the cluster result more precise.By means of computer simulation,data exchanging environment in IoV was imitated,and then test data set was divided into four parts.The simulation indicates that the identification method is feasible and effective for urban road traffic conditions in IoV scenarios.展开更多
The widespread use of boilerplate disclosures in financial reporting has led regulators to express concerns about the decision-usefulness of annual reports.We conduct two experiments to detemmine the effects of risk m...The widespread use of boilerplate disclosures in financial reporting has led regulators to express concerns about the decision-usefulness of annual reports.We conduct two experiments to detemmine the effects of risk management disclosure presence and specificity on nonprofessional investors'judgments.In Experiment 1,we manipulate risk management disclosure at three levels(non-disclosure vs.generic or specific risk management disclosures).Relative to the non-disclosure condition,nonprofessional investors exhibit more favorable investment judgments when provided with a specific risk management disclosure.However,generic disclosure has a negligible influence on nonprofessional investors'judgments.We find no convincing evidence supporting potential alternative explanations.Experiment 2 confirms this mechanism and provides further evidence that the observed effects are not driven by the lengths of specific disclosures.展开更多
基金the Humanity and Social Science Youth Foundation of Ministry of Education in China(No.12YJC630200)Natural Science Foundations of Gansu Province in China(Nos.145RJZA190,1308RJYA042)the Social Science Planning Project of Gansu Province in China(No.13YD066)
文摘In accordance with the specific deployment way of infrastructure and data exchanging technology in the Internet of vehicles(IoV),the acquiring and calculating method for three basic traffic flow parameters in IoV scenarios,including traffic flow,speed and density,was researched.Considering the complexity of traffic flow and fuzziness of human thinking,fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm based on the genetic algorithm(GA-FCM) was adopted in soft classification of urban road traffic conditions.Genetic algorithm(GA) introduced into fuzzy clustering could avoid fuzzy c-means(FCM) algorithm converging to the local infinitesimal point,which made the cluster result more precise.By means of computer simulation,data exchanging environment in IoV was imitated,and then test data set was divided into four parts.The simulation indicates that the identification method is feasible and effective for urban road traffic conditions in IoV scenarios.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.71972120 and 72172083)National Social Science Fund of China(Grant No.21BGL083)the Major Project of the Key Research Base for Humanities and Social Science of Ministry of Education of China(Grant Nos.15JJD630008 and 22JJD790094).
文摘The widespread use of boilerplate disclosures in financial reporting has led regulators to express concerns about the decision-usefulness of annual reports.We conduct two experiments to detemmine the effects of risk management disclosure presence and specificity on nonprofessional investors'judgments.In Experiment 1,we manipulate risk management disclosure at three levels(non-disclosure vs.generic or specific risk management disclosures).Relative to the non-disclosure condition,nonprofessional investors exhibit more favorable investment judgments when provided with a specific risk management disclosure.However,generic disclosure has a negligible influence on nonprofessional investors'judgments.We find no convincing evidence supporting potential alternative explanations.Experiment 2 confirms this mechanism and provides further evidence that the observed effects are not driven by the lengths of specific disclosures.
