Objective:To identify the root causes of typical adverse drug events through the lens of patient experiences proposing novel strategies to mitigate preventable harm.Methods:A qualitative case study leveraging in-depth...Objective:To identify the root causes of typical adverse drug events through the lens of patient experiences proposing novel strategies to mitigate preventable harm.Methods:A qualitative case study leveraging in-depth interviews with patients and families,anchored by Interactive Patient Par ticipation Theory,to analyze 4 high-severity adverse drug events(ADE)cases.Cases were purposively sampled from 8 communities in China's National Adverse Event Monitor Center(2018-2023).Semi-structured interviews explored patient perspectives,with data analyzed via thematic coding and triangulation against clinical records.Results:Five interconnected themes emerged:(1)erosion of trust,(2)communication breakdowns,(3)information asymmetry,(4)environmental inadequacies,and(5)technological alienation.Notably,75% of participants had≤high school education,and 50% used≥7 medications daily,compounding ADE risks.Conclusions:We considered elements mentioned by theory,exploring trust,communication,information,and suppor t as the root causes.In addition,we added“adaptability to new technology”as an impor tant and necessary component.It is impor tant and necessary to analyze typical adverse drug events from the perspectives of patients.展开更多
Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of intravitreal injection of faricimab and conbercept in the treatment of diabetic macular edema(DME).Methods:A total of 50 patients diagnosed with DME in our hosp...Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of intravitreal injection of faricimab and conbercept in the treatment of diabetic macular edema(DME).Methods:A total of 50 patients diagnosed with DME in our hospital from January 2023 to May 2025 were selected and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group,with 25 cases in each group,using a random number table method.The observation group received intravitreal injection of faricimab,while the control group received intravitreal injection of conbercept.Both groups adopted a loading phase plus maintenance phase treatment regimen.The best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA,expressed in logMAR)and central subfield thickness(CST)of the two groups were compared before treatment and at 1,3,and 6 months after treatment,and the incidence of adverse events during treatment was recorded.Results:The logMAR BCVA in the observation group was lower than that in the control group at 3 and 6 months after treatment(both p<0.05).The CST in the observation group was smaller than that in the control group at 1,3,and 6 months after treatment(all p<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the overall incidence of adverse events between the two groups(χ^(2)=0.189,p=0.663).Conclusion:Both intravitreal injections of faricimab and conbercept are effective in improving visual acuity and reducing macular edema in patients with DME,with good safety profiles.However,faricimab demonstrates superior efficacy in the medium to long term(3 and 6 months)compared to conbercept,making it more suitable for long-term treatment of patients with DME.展开更多
Suancai has a lengthy history and a wide range of categories,which has some influence on the pickled diet culture around the world.Suancai production is transitioning to a large-scale,standardized production due to th...Suancai has a lengthy history and a wide range of categories,which has some influence on the pickled diet culture around the world.Suancai production is transitioning to a large-scale,standardized production due to the growth of the market.It has a unique flavor and is rich in nutrients,and its abundance of free amino acids,vitamins and phenolics has many positive effects on the human body.This review gives the types and history of suancai,as well as its impact on the world’s pickled culture.The changes in nutritional composition and flavor of suancai during fermentation are summarized.It presented the production technology and influencing factors of the northeast suancai,examined the quality and safety issues in suancai,and put forth some ideas and opinions on the standardization development of the suancai industry.It also summarized the geographic distribution and flora diversity of pickles around the world.In order to provide some knowledge and guidance for the promotion of modern industrial production in the suancai industry.展开更多
Understanding the aerodynamic and dynamic characteristics of unloaded freight trains in crosswinds is pivotal for ensuring their operational safety and reliability.The dynamic performance of unloaded gondola cars unde...Understanding the aerodynamic and dynamic characteristics of unloaded freight trains in crosswinds is pivotal for ensuring their operational safety and reliability.The dynamic performance of unloaded gondola cars under varying windbreak heights is therefore investigated in this study,revealing distinct differences in lateral stability and safety indicators,and enabling the determination of an optimal windbreak height.A 3D unsteady aerodynamic model was developed using the improved delayed detached eddy simulation(IDDES)method and an overset numerical mesh.Also leveraging a multi-body dynamics(MBD)model of a three-wagon freight car configuration,we investigate time-averaged aerodynamic forces,transient flow field distributions,and nonlinear dynamic responses.Parametric analyses reveal a non-monotonic relationship between the height of the windbreak and the stability of the train.A windbreak with a critical height of 2 m(0.74 relative to the car body height)results in 76%,64%,and 81%lower values of the derailment coefficient CD,wheel unloading ratio R,and overturning coefficient C_(O),respectively.Notably,when the height of the windbreak exceeds 2 m,vortices within the gondola induce an adverse pressure coefficient distribution(C_(p)=−2.17)on the leeward internal wall,intensifying the lateral force and overturning moment.Furthermore,frequency-domain analysis reveals that the lateral sway and overturning vibration mode are associated with low-frequency(1.61 Hz)lateral vibrations under crosswind conditions.This study provides a theoretical foundation for the design and optimization of railway windbreaks.展开更多
Flight behavior analysis provides the fundamental basis for the future development of air traffic management(ATM).The characteristics of aircraft behavior are inherently reflected in their flight trajectories,impactin...Flight behavior analysis provides the fundamental basis for the future development of air traffic management(ATM).The characteristics of aircraft behavior are inherently reflected in their flight trajectories,impacting flight efficiency and safety levels.However,existing research largely addresses inefficient or abnormal trajectories from a single perspective,with an absence of a unified evaluation standard.This paper introduces a method for analyzing flight deviation behavior based on automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast(ADS-B)data,defining novel metrics of trajectory redundancy and trajectory deviation.An adaptive detection algorithm is developed to capture diverse deviation patterns.Results reveal that higher trajectory redundancy is linked to lower operational efficiency,while trajectory deviation effectively identify stepped descents,holding patterns,detours,and other behaviors.The approach offers data-driven support for anomaly detection,performance evaluation and air traffic management,with substantial significance for civil aviation applications.展开更多
This study examined the relationship between inclusive leadership and authenticity at work in racial minority groups of South Africa,taking into account the mediating role of psychological safety and the moderator rol...This study examined the relationship between inclusive leadership and authenticity at work in racial minority groups of South Africa,taking into account the mediating role of psychological safety and the moderator role of gender,in that relationship.The sample was composed of 94 employees predominantly working in the professional services sector from South Africa(41.5%females;mean age=37.1),who self-identified as racial minority groups(coloured/black/Indian).Results indicate that inclusive leadership has no direct effect on authenticity at work;however,psychological safety fully mediates this relationship.Regarding the moderation effect of gender,results showed that males are more likely to diminish their self-alienation(a specific component of authenticity at work)when levels of psychological safety are higher.These results are consistent with Social Identity Theory,which posits that individuals derive part of their self-concept from their membership in social groups.In contexts where inclusive leadership fosters psychological safety,individuals(particularly men in traditionally male-dominated work environments)may feel a stronger sense of belonging and group identity,which in turn enhances their willingness to express their authentic selves and reduces self-alienation.Practical implications for companies include the need to improve leadership styles to foster more of an inclusive and psychologically safe culture,where minority groups can be authentic and flourish.展开更多
With the progress of Industry 4.0,collaborative robots(cobots) have become a key area of innovation.However,safety standards such as ISO/TS 15066 often lag behind rapid technological advances,failing to balance safety...With the progress of Industry 4.0,collaborative robots(cobots) have become a key area of innovation.However,safety standards such as ISO/TS 15066 often lag behind rapid technological advances,failing to balance safety and innovation.This paper analyzes the conflicts between standards and innovation of industrial cobots,including lag,rigidity,and safetyperformance trade-offs.It proposes flexible standards,regulatory sandboxes,and lifecycle safety approaches to align safety with technological progress.展开更多
Maintaining the structural integrity of parallel natural gas pipelines during leakage-induced jet fires remains a critical engineering challenge.Existing methods often fail to account for the complex interactions amon...Maintaining the structural integrity of parallel natural gas pipelines during leakage-induced jet fires remains a critical engineering challenge.Existing methods often fail to account for the complex interactions among heat transfer,material behavior,and pipeline geometry,which can lead to overly simplified and potentially unsafe assessments.To address these limitations,this study develops a multiphysics approach that integrates small-orifice leakage theory with detailed thermo-fluid-structural simulations.The proposed framework contributes to a more accurate failure analysis through three main components:(1)coupled modeling that tracks transient heat flow and stress development as fire conditions evolve;(2)risk assessment incorporating spatial layout,material property changes with temperature,and operational limits;and(3)sensitivity analysis to identify key design factors that influence structural performance under high thermal loads.Simulation results demonstrate that thermal radiation from neighboring jet fires significantly accelerates material degradation,with inter-pipeline spacing emerging as a critical determinant of structural response.Notably,increasing the spacing between pipelines reduces thermal interaction and mechanical stress transfer.As a result,systems with optimized spacing exhibit markedly lower deformation than conventional configurations.These findings provide a foundation for re-evaluating pipeline layout strategies and strengthening safety protocols,particularly in high-risk environments where fire exposure can severely compromise structural reliability.The proposed approach offers actionable guidance for engineers and policymakers seeking to enhance the resilience of pipeline infrastructure under extreme thermal conditions.展开更多
With the increasing application of lithium-ion batteries under high-rate operation,safety concerns such as thermal runaway(TR)and thermal runaway propagation(TRP)have become critical.In this study,the TRP action of ba...With the increasing application of lithium-ion batteries under high-rate operation,safety concerns such as thermal runaway(TR)and thermal runaway propagation(TRP)have become critical.In this study,the TRP action of batteries undergoing high-rate cycling is systematically investigated.Microanalysis results reveal that the crystallinity and I_((003))/I_((004))of the cathode are decreased by 32.95%and 13.01%after 4 C cycling,while the layered structure of the anode is seriously damaged.As revealed,the TR interval time(At)of batteries cycled at 4 C is decreased by 83.23%compared with that for batteries cycled at 1 C.Meanwhile,the maximum mass loss(ML)rate of Battery 2#is increased by 32.35%.We have further investigated the influence of battery spacing on TRP action.The maximum TR temperature of Battery2#at 1.5 cm spacing is reduced by 26.21%compared with the value at 0 cm spacing.When increasing the spacing from 0 to 1.5 cm,the ML of batteries is reduced by 20.73%.ML increases and decreases with the elevation of the charging rate and battery spacing,respectively.Compared with a battery cycled at1 C,a battery cycled at 4 C shows reduced heat required to trigger TR.The corresponding decreases can reach 68.28%,70.10%,76.88%,and 26.15%when setting the spacing at 0,0.6,1.5,and 2.1 cm,respectively.This indicates that Battery 2#can enter TR with much lower heat after high-rate cycling.Overall,high-rate cycling and low spacing accelerate the TRP of the battery and aggravate the TR severity of the battery.This work can provide insights for the practical safety design of energy storage systems.展开更多
Embodied intelligence is redefining policing On the first day of 2026 chunyun,a period of high mobility associated with the Chinese New Year,the city of Jingzhou in Hubei Province welcomed new participants in road saf...Embodied intelligence is redefining policing On the first day of 2026 chunyun,a period of high mobility associated with the Chinese New Year,the city of Jingzhou in Hubei Province welcomed new participants in road safety:police robots capable of moving autonomously and interacting with passengers.Deployed on a trial basis on 2 February,these robots quickly demonstrated their usefulness in various urban settings.展开更多
With the widespread application of lithium batteries in electric vehicles and energy storage systems,battery-related safety and reliability issues have become increasingly prominent.Conventional monitoring methods oft...With the widespread application of lithium batteries in electric vehicles and energy storage systems,battery-related safety and reliability issues have become increasingly prominent.Conventional monitoring methods often struggle to address dynamic changes under complex operando.In recent years,flexible sensing technology has emerged as a promising solution for battery health monitoring due to its high adaptability and conformability to complex structures.Meanwhile,empowered by artificial intelligence(AI)for data analysis,the collected data enables efficient and accurate state assessment,offering robust support for accident prevention.Against this background,this paper first explores the integrated applications of flexible sensors in battery health monitoring and their unique advantages in addressing complex battery operating conditions,while analyzing the potential of AI in battery state analysis.Subsequently,it systematically reviews mainstream flexible sensing technologies(e.g.,film sensors,thermocouples,and optical fiber sensors),elucidating their mechanisms for revealing intricate internal battery processes during operation.Finally,the paper discusses AI’s role in enhancing monitoring efficiency and accuracy,and envisions future research directions and application prospects.This work aims to provide technical references for the battery health monitoring field as well as promote the application of flexible sensing technologies in improving battery system safety and reliability.展开更多
To ensure the safe transportation of radioactive materials,numerous countries have established specific standards.For the transfer of fissile materials,it is imperative that the material within the packaging remains i...To ensure the safe transportation of radioactive materials,numerous countries have established specific standards.For the transfer of fissile materials,it is imperative that the material within the packaging remains in a subcritical state during routine,normal,and accidental transport conditions.In the event of an accident,the rods within the storage tank may become rearranged,introducing uncertainty that must be accounted for to ensure that criticality analysis results are conservative.Historically,this uncertainty was addressed overly conservatively due to limited research on non-uniform arrangement scenarios,which proved unsuitable for criticality safety analysis of spent fuel packages.This paper introduced three distinct methods to non-uniformly rearrange fuel rods—Uniform Arrangement by Blocks,Layer-by-Layer Determination,and Birdcage Deformation—and meticulously evaluates the influences of rod rearrangement on the effective multiplication factor of neutrons,k eff,utilizing the Monte Carlo method.Ultimately,this study presents a holistic method capable of encompassing the entire spectrum of potential effects stemming from the rearrangement of fuel rods during rods mispositioning accident.By augmenting the safety margin,this approach proves to be adeptly suited for the criticality safety analysis of nuclear fuel transport containers.展开更多
Operating Lithium-ion batteries at their temperature limits is a challenging design task due to explosion risk at high temperatures and rapid degradation at low temperatures.Depending on the battery package design,tho...Operating Lithium-ion batteries at their temperature limits is a challenging design task due to explosion risk at high temperatures and rapid degradation at low temperatures.Depending on the battery package design,those risks can be solved with passive solutions,which require no active cooling or heating.Thecurrentwork aims to optimize the pack design and materials of the type-NCR18650B battery based on a wide range of operation temperature.The lower limit was denoted by cold case while the maximum limit was expressed by hot case.A combined analyticalnumerical approach was developed to model the heat generation inside the battery.A thermal resistance analysis was used to determine the boundary conditions of the numerical model.The governing differential equations for the 1-D heat generation model were solved analytically.The numerical analysis was considered to determine the best battery pack design based on material parameters,number of batteries,and geometrical arrangement.The analytical results revealedthat the cold case canbe selectedas theworst case and thebestmodel wasobtainedusing thehexagonal-shaped 10-battery pack that was covered with Delrin of 1.8 mm in thickness.The numerical results showed that the best model was the hexagonal-shaped 10-battery pack with Delrin of 2 mm in thickness that achieved the largest temperature of−20.6℃ in the cold case.展开更多
With the development of autonomous driving technologies,modern vehicles are confronted with two major challenges.On one hand,the rapid growth in electronic control units and data-intensive applications has led to a sh...With the development of autonomous driving technologies,modern vehicles are confronted with two major challenges.On one hand,the rapid growth in electronic control units and data-intensive applications has led to a sharp increase in invehicle data traffic,thereby demanding much higher communication bandwidth,lower latency,and enhanced security.On the other hand,ensuring driving safety calls for more advanced thermal management systems,as traditional point-type sensors face deployment challenges due to their limited monitoring range.展开更多
Partial least squares (PLS) model maximizes the covariance between process variables and quality variables,making it widely used in quality-related fault detection.However,traditional PLS methods focus primarily on li...Partial least squares (PLS) model maximizes the covariance between process variables and quality variables,making it widely used in quality-related fault detection.However,traditional PLS methods focus primarily on linear processes,leading to poor performance in dynamic nonlinear processes.In this paper,a novel quality-related fault detection method,named DiCAE-PLS,is developed by combining dynamic-inner convolutional autoencoder with PLS.In the proposed DiCAE-PLS method,latent features are first extracted through dynamic-inner convolutional autoencoder (DiCAE) to capture process dynamics and nonlinearity from process variables.Then,a PLS model is established to build the relationship between the extracted latent features and the final product quality.To detect quality-related faults,Hotelling's T^(2) statistic is employed.The developed quality-related fault detection is applied to the widely used industrial benchmark of the Tennessee.展开更多
At the IEC,Chinese experts have been contributing their expertise to international standardization.As one of them,Ma Dejun has grown from an inexperienced explorer in the field of standardization into a distinguished ...At the IEC,Chinese experts have been contributing their expertise to international standardization.As one of them,Ma Dejun has grown from an inexperienced explorer in the field of standardization into a distinguished expert driving the development of international standards in key sectors over the past 35 years.He was presented with the 2025 Lord Kelvin Award at the 89th IEC General Meeting held in New Delhi,India,in September 2025.Thus,he became the first Chinese expert to receive the highest honor bestowed by the IEC.In an exclusive interview with Ma Dejun,he reviewed his original aspiration behind his decades-long journey in international standardization,shared his experience and insights on promoting international standards,and looked forward to China's future role on the international standardiz ation stage.展开更多
Background:While the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma(mRCC)is evolving due to immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),optimal strategies for later lines of therapy have yet to be defined.The combination of lenv...Background:While the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma(mRCC)is evolving due to immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),optimal strategies for later lines of therapy have yet to be defined.The combination of lenvatinib and everolimus represents a viable option,and the present review aimed to summarize its activity,effectiveness,and safety.Methods:A systematic review of the literature was conducted using PubMed,targeting studies published between 2018 and 2025.Eligible studies included English-language prospective and retrospective trials reporting survival outcomes in mRCC patients treated with lenvatinib and everolimus after at least one ICI-containing regimen.Results:Nine studies met the inclusion criteria,encompassing a total of 441 patients.The lenvatinib and everolimus combination was primarily used in the third and subsequent lines of therapy.Median overall survival ranged from 7.5 to 24.5 months,while median progression-free survival was more consistent,between 6.1 and 6.7 months,except for one study reporting 12.9 months.Objective response rates varied widely(14.0%–55.7%).Adverse events of grade≥3 did not exceed the expected rate,with diarrhoea and proteinuria as the most reported events.Dose reductions and treatment discontinuations due to toxicity occurred but were generally lower than in prior pivotal trials.Conclusions:Real-world evidence suggests that lenvatinib and everolimus represent an effective and safe option after ICI failure in mRCC patients.Nevertheless,the lack of randomized phase III trials and the heterogeneity of existing studies highlight the need for more robust prospective research to guide post-ICI therapeutic strategies.展开更多
基金supported by the Science and Technology Fund Project of Guizhou Health Commission(gzwkj2025-163)。
文摘Objective:To identify the root causes of typical adverse drug events through the lens of patient experiences proposing novel strategies to mitigate preventable harm.Methods:A qualitative case study leveraging in-depth interviews with patients and families,anchored by Interactive Patient Par ticipation Theory,to analyze 4 high-severity adverse drug events(ADE)cases.Cases were purposively sampled from 8 communities in China's National Adverse Event Monitor Center(2018-2023).Semi-structured interviews explored patient perspectives,with data analyzed via thematic coding and triangulation against clinical records.Results:Five interconnected themes emerged:(1)erosion of trust,(2)communication breakdowns,(3)information asymmetry,(4)environmental inadequacies,and(5)technological alienation.Notably,75% of participants had≤high school education,and 50% used≥7 medications daily,compounding ADE risks.Conclusions:We considered elements mentioned by theory,exploring trust,communication,information,and suppor t as the root causes.In addition,we added“adaptability to new technology”as an impor tant and necessary component.It is impor tant and necessary to analyze typical adverse drug events from the perspectives of patients.
文摘Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of intravitreal injection of faricimab and conbercept in the treatment of diabetic macular edema(DME).Methods:A total of 50 patients diagnosed with DME in our hospital from January 2023 to May 2025 were selected and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group,with 25 cases in each group,using a random number table method.The observation group received intravitreal injection of faricimab,while the control group received intravitreal injection of conbercept.Both groups adopted a loading phase plus maintenance phase treatment regimen.The best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA,expressed in logMAR)and central subfield thickness(CST)of the two groups were compared before treatment and at 1,3,and 6 months after treatment,and the incidence of adverse events during treatment was recorded.Results:The logMAR BCVA in the observation group was lower than that in the control group at 3 and 6 months after treatment(both p<0.05).The CST in the observation group was smaller than that in the control group at 1,3,and 6 months after treatment(all p<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the overall incidence of adverse events between the two groups(χ^(2)=0.189,p=0.663).Conclusion:Both intravitreal injections of faricimab and conbercept are effective in improving visual acuity and reducing macular edema in patients with DME,with good safety profiles.However,faricimab demonstrates superior efficacy in the medium to long term(3 and 6 months)compared to conbercept,making it more suitable for long-term treatment of patients with DME.
基金supported by the Foundation of National Dairy Technology Innovation Center(2022-Open Funding Project-12)Foundation of National Dairy Technology Innovation Center(2022-Scientific Research-9)+2 种基金Key Project of National Dairy Innovation Research Center of Inner Mongolia(2021-National Dairy Innovation Research Center-8)Key Projects of Research Operating Expenses of Provincial Research Institutes in Heilongjiang Province(CZKYF2021-2-B017)Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(ZD2022C007).
文摘Suancai has a lengthy history and a wide range of categories,which has some influence on the pickled diet culture around the world.Suancai production is transitioning to a large-scale,standardized production due to the growth of the market.It has a unique flavor and is rich in nutrients,and its abundance of free amino acids,vitamins and phenolics has many positive effects on the human body.This review gives the types and history of suancai,as well as its impact on the world’s pickled culture.The changes in nutritional composition and flavor of suancai during fermentation are summarized.It presented the production technology and influencing factors of the northeast suancai,examined the quality and safety issues in suancai,and put forth some ideas and opinions on the standardization development of the suancai industry.It also summarized the geographic distribution and flora diversity of pickles around the world.In order to provide some knowledge and guidance for the promotion of modern industrial production in the suancai industry.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52388102)the Science and Technology Research and Development Program of China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.(No.N2024J039).
文摘Understanding the aerodynamic and dynamic characteristics of unloaded freight trains in crosswinds is pivotal for ensuring their operational safety and reliability.The dynamic performance of unloaded gondola cars under varying windbreak heights is therefore investigated in this study,revealing distinct differences in lateral stability and safety indicators,and enabling the determination of an optimal windbreak height.A 3D unsteady aerodynamic model was developed using the improved delayed detached eddy simulation(IDDES)method and an overset numerical mesh.Also leveraging a multi-body dynamics(MBD)model of a three-wagon freight car configuration,we investigate time-averaged aerodynamic forces,transient flow field distributions,and nonlinear dynamic responses.Parametric analyses reveal a non-monotonic relationship between the height of the windbreak and the stability of the train.A windbreak with a critical height of 2 m(0.74 relative to the car body height)results in 76%,64%,and 81%lower values of the derailment coefficient CD,wheel unloading ratio R,and overturning coefficient C_(O),respectively.Notably,when the height of the windbreak exceeds 2 m,vortices within the gondola induce an adverse pressure coefficient distribution(C_(p)=−2.17)on the leeward internal wall,intensifying the lateral force and overturning moment.Furthermore,frequency-domain analysis reveals that the lateral sway and overturning vibration mode are associated with low-frequency(1.61 Hz)lateral vibrations under crosswind conditions.This study provides a theoretical foundation for the design and optimization of railway windbreaks.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFB4302903)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.210525001464)。
文摘Flight behavior analysis provides the fundamental basis for the future development of air traffic management(ATM).The characteristics of aircraft behavior are inherently reflected in their flight trajectories,impacting flight efficiency and safety levels.However,existing research largely addresses inefficient or abnormal trajectories from a single perspective,with an absence of a unified evaluation standard.This paper introduces a method for analyzing flight deviation behavior based on automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast(ADS-B)data,defining novel metrics of trajectory redundancy and trajectory deviation.An adaptive detection algorithm is developed to capture diverse deviation patterns.Results reveal that higher trajectory redundancy is linked to lower operational efficiency,while trajectory deviation effectively identify stepped descents,holding patterns,detours,and other behaviors.The approach offers data-driven support for anomaly detection,performance evaluation and air traffic management,with substantial significance for civil aviation applications.
文摘This study examined the relationship between inclusive leadership and authenticity at work in racial minority groups of South Africa,taking into account the mediating role of psychological safety and the moderator role of gender,in that relationship.The sample was composed of 94 employees predominantly working in the professional services sector from South Africa(41.5%females;mean age=37.1),who self-identified as racial minority groups(coloured/black/Indian).Results indicate that inclusive leadership has no direct effect on authenticity at work;however,psychological safety fully mediates this relationship.Regarding the moderation effect of gender,results showed that males are more likely to diminish their self-alienation(a specific component of authenticity at work)when levels of psychological safety are higher.These results are consistent with Social Identity Theory,which posits that individuals derive part of their self-concept from their membership in social groups.In contexts where inclusive leadership fosters psychological safety,individuals(particularly men in traditionally male-dominated work environments)may feel a stronger sense of belonging and group identity,which in turn enhances their willingness to express their authentic selves and reduces self-alienation.Practical implications for companies include the need to improve leadership styles to foster more of an inclusive and psychologically safe culture,where minority groups can be authentic and flourish.
文摘With the progress of Industry 4.0,collaborative robots(cobots) have become a key area of innovation.However,safety standards such as ISO/TS 15066 often lag behind rapid technological advances,failing to balance safety and innovation.This paper analyzes the conflicts between standards and innovation of industrial cobots,including lag,rigidity,and safetyperformance trade-offs.It proposes flexible standards,regulatory sandboxes,and lifecycle safety approaches to align safety with technological progress.
文摘Maintaining the structural integrity of parallel natural gas pipelines during leakage-induced jet fires remains a critical engineering challenge.Existing methods often fail to account for the complex interactions among heat transfer,material behavior,and pipeline geometry,which can lead to overly simplified and potentially unsafe assessments.To address these limitations,this study develops a multiphysics approach that integrates small-orifice leakage theory with detailed thermo-fluid-structural simulations.The proposed framework contributes to a more accurate failure analysis through three main components:(1)coupled modeling that tracks transient heat flow and stress development as fire conditions evolve;(2)risk assessment incorporating spatial layout,material property changes with temperature,and operational limits;and(3)sensitivity analysis to identify key design factors that influence structural performance under high thermal loads.Simulation results demonstrate that thermal radiation from neighboring jet fires significantly accelerates material degradation,with inter-pipeline spacing emerging as a critical determinant of structural response.Notably,increasing the spacing between pipelines reduces thermal interaction and mechanical stress transfer.As a result,systems with optimized spacing exhibit markedly lower deformation than conventional configurations.These findings provide a foundation for re-evaluating pipeline layout strategies and strengthening safety protocols,particularly in high-risk environments where fire exposure can severely compromise structural reliability.The proposed approach offers actionable guidance for engineers and policymakers seeking to enhance the resilience of pipeline infrastructure under extreme thermal conditions.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan(2023YFC30099000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52104197,52272396,52474233)+2 种基金the Major Basic Research Project of the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(2020240521)the Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Fire Science(SKLFS)Program(HZ2025-KF03)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(SJCX25_0595)。
文摘With the increasing application of lithium-ion batteries under high-rate operation,safety concerns such as thermal runaway(TR)and thermal runaway propagation(TRP)have become critical.In this study,the TRP action of batteries undergoing high-rate cycling is systematically investigated.Microanalysis results reveal that the crystallinity and I_((003))/I_((004))of the cathode are decreased by 32.95%and 13.01%after 4 C cycling,while the layered structure of the anode is seriously damaged.As revealed,the TR interval time(At)of batteries cycled at 4 C is decreased by 83.23%compared with that for batteries cycled at 1 C.Meanwhile,the maximum mass loss(ML)rate of Battery 2#is increased by 32.35%.We have further investigated the influence of battery spacing on TRP action.The maximum TR temperature of Battery2#at 1.5 cm spacing is reduced by 26.21%compared with the value at 0 cm spacing.When increasing the spacing from 0 to 1.5 cm,the ML of batteries is reduced by 20.73%.ML increases and decreases with the elevation of the charging rate and battery spacing,respectively.Compared with a battery cycled at1 C,a battery cycled at 4 C shows reduced heat required to trigger TR.The corresponding decreases can reach 68.28%,70.10%,76.88%,and 26.15%when setting the spacing at 0,0.6,1.5,and 2.1 cm,respectively.This indicates that Battery 2#can enter TR with much lower heat after high-rate cycling.Overall,high-rate cycling and low spacing accelerate the TRP of the battery and aggravate the TR severity of the battery.This work can provide insights for the practical safety design of energy storage systems.
文摘Embodied intelligence is redefining policing On the first day of 2026 chunyun,a period of high mobility associated with the Chinese New Year,the city of Jingzhou in Hubei Province welcomed new participants in road safety:police robots capable of moving autonomously and interacting with passengers.Deployed on a trial basis on 2 February,these robots quickly demonstrated their usefulness in various urban settings.
基金supported by the grant of State Key Laboratory of Space Environment Interaction with Matters,the Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics Laboratory Fund(HTKJ2023KL510008)Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62433017)+6 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62274140)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(20720230030)the Xiaomi Young Talents Program/Xiaomi Foundation,Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ20230807091401003)the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by Cast(No.YESS20230523)the State Key Laboratory of Space Environment Interaction with Matters(WDZC-HGD-2022-08)the Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Major Project(2244ZZDD1133GGAA000077)the China Aerospace Science and Technology Group Corporation Young Top Talents.
文摘With the widespread application of lithium batteries in electric vehicles and energy storage systems,battery-related safety and reliability issues have become increasingly prominent.Conventional monitoring methods often struggle to address dynamic changes under complex operando.In recent years,flexible sensing technology has emerged as a promising solution for battery health monitoring due to its high adaptability and conformability to complex structures.Meanwhile,empowered by artificial intelligence(AI)for data analysis,the collected data enables efficient and accurate state assessment,offering robust support for accident prevention.Against this background,this paper first explores the integrated applications of flexible sensors in battery health monitoring and their unique advantages in addressing complex battery operating conditions,while analyzing the potential of AI in battery state analysis.Subsequently,it systematically reviews mainstream flexible sensing technologies(e.g.,film sensors,thermocouples,and optical fiber sensors),elucidating their mechanisms for revealing intricate internal battery processes during operation.Finally,the paper discusses AI’s role in enhancing monitoring efficiency and accuracy,and envisions future research directions and application prospects.This work aims to provide technical references for the battery health monitoring field as well as promote the application of flexible sensing technologies in improving battery system safety and reliability.
文摘To ensure the safe transportation of radioactive materials,numerous countries have established specific standards.For the transfer of fissile materials,it is imperative that the material within the packaging remains in a subcritical state during routine,normal,and accidental transport conditions.In the event of an accident,the rods within the storage tank may become rearranged,introducing uncertainty that must be accounted for to ensure that criticality analysis results are conservative.Historically,this uncertainty was addressed overly conservatively due to limited research on non-uniform arrangement scenarios,which proved unsuitable for criticality safety analysis of spent fuel packages.This paper introduced three distinct methods to non-uniformly rearrange fuel rods—Uniform Arrangement by Blocks,Layer-by-Layer Determination,and Birdcage Deformation—and meticulously evaluates the influences of rod rearrangement on the effective multiplication factor of neutrons,k eff,utilizing the Monte Carlo method.Ultimately,this study presents a holistic method capable of encompassing the entire spectrum of potential effects stemming from the rearrangement of fuel rods during rods mispositioning accident.By augmenting the safety margin,this approach proves to be adeptly suited for the criticality safety analysis of nuclear fuel transport containers.
文摘Operating Lithium-ion batteries at their temperature limits is a challenging design task due to explosion risk at high temperatures and rapid degradation at low temperatures.Depending on the battery package design,those risks can be solved with passive solutions,which require no active cooling or heating.Thecurrentwork aims to optimize the pack design and materials of the type-NCR18650B battery based on a wide range of operation temperature.The lower limit was denoted by cold case while the maximum limit was expressed by hot case.A combined analyticalnumerical approach was developed to model the heat generation inside the battery.A thermal resistance analysis was used to determine the boundary conditions of the numerical model.The governing differential equations for the 1-D heat generation model were solved analytically.The numerical analysis was considered to determine the best battery pack design based on material parameters,number of batteries,and geometrical arrangement.The analytical results revealedthat the cold case canbe selectedas theworst case and thebestmodel wasobtainedusing thehexagonal-shaped 10-battery pack that was covered with Delrin of 1.8 mm in thickness.The numerical results showed that the best model was the hexagonal-shaped 10-battery pack with Delrin of 2 mm in thickness that achieved the largest temperature of−20.6℃ in the cold case.
文摘With the development of autonomous driving technologies,modern vehicles are confronted with two major challenges.On one hand,the rapid growth in electronic control units and data-intensive applications has led to a sharp increase in invehicle data traffic,thereby demanding much higher communication bandwidth,lower latency,and enhanced security.On the other hand,ensuring driving safety calls for more advanced thermal management systems,as traditional point-type sensors face deployment challenges due to their limited monitoring range.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62573387)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang province,China(LY24F030004)the Fundamental Research Funds of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(25222139-Y).
文摘Partial least squares (PLS) model maximizes the covariance between process variables and quality variables,making it widely used in quality-related fault detection.However,traditional PLS methods focus primarily on linear processes,leading to poor performance in dynamic nonlinear processes.In this paper,a novel quality-related fault detection method,named DiCAE-PLS,is developed by combining dynamic-inner convolutional autoencoder with PLS.In the proposed DiCAE-PLS method,latent features are first extracted through dynamic-inner convolutional autoencoder (DiCAE) to capture process dynamics and nonlinearity from process variables.Then,a PLS model is established to build the relationship between the extracted latent features and the final product quality.To detect quality-related faults,Hotelling's T^(2) statistic is employed.The developed quality-related fault detection is applied to the widely used industrial benchmark of the Tennessee.
文摘At the IEC,Chinese experts have been contributing their expertise to international standardization.As one of them,Ma Dejun has grown from an inexperienced explorer in the field of standardization into a distinguished expert driving the development of international standards in key sectors over the past 35 years.He was presented with the 2025 Lord Kelvin Award at the 89th IEC General Meeting held in New Delhi,India,in September 2025.Thus,he became the first Chinese expert to receive the highest honor bestowed by the IEC.In an exclusive interview with Ma Dejun,he reviewed his original aspiration behind his decades-long journey in international standardization,shared his experience and insights on promoting international standards,and looked forward to China's future role on the international standardiz ation stage.
文摘Background:While the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma(mRCC)is evolving due to immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),optimal strategies for later lines of therapy have yet to be defined.The combination of lenvatinib and everolimus represents a viable option,and the present review aimed to summarize its activity,effectiveness,and safety.Methods:A systematic review of the literature was conducted using PubMed,targeting studies published between 2018 and 2025.Eligible studies included English-language prospective and retrospective trials reporting survival outcomes in mRCC patients treated with lenvatinib and everolimus after at least one ICI-containing regimen.Results:Nine studies met the inclusion criteria,encompassing a total of 441 patients.The lenvatinib and everolimus combination was primarily used in the third and subsequent lines of therapy.Median overall survival ranged from 7.5 to 24.5 months,while median progression-free survival was more consistent,between 6.1 and 6.7 months,except for one study reporting 12.9 months.Objective response rates varied widely(14.0%–55.7%).Adverse events of grade≥3 did not exceed the expected rate,with diarrhoea and proteinuria as the most reported events.Dose reductions and treatment discontinuations due to toxicity occurred but were generally lower than in prior pivotal trials.Conclusions:Real-world evidence suggests that lenvatinib and everolimus represent an effective and safe option after ICI failure in mRCC patients.Nevertheless,the lack of randomized phase III trials and the heterogeneity of existing studies highlight the need for more robust prospective research to guide post-ICI therapeutic strategies.
