The deep integration of artificial intelligence technology and agricultural industry has pushed smart agriculture into a new stage of"AI+scenario",and put forward a transformation requirement for the talent ...The deep integration of artificial intelligence technology and agricultural industry has pushed smart agriculture into a new stage of"AI+scenario",and put forward a transformation requirement for the talent cultivation of smart agriculture major in universities from"technology application"to"intelligent innovation".In response to the problems of insufficient AI integration,lack of contextualization,and insufficient collaboration between industry and education in the traditional"technology+"practical course system,this paper takes the smart agriculture major at Yulin Normal University as an example to construct a"AI+agriculture"practical course reconstruction framework and propose a four-dimensional transformation path of"goal-content-mode-evaluation".Through the practical exploration of modular curriculum design,scenario based practical design,integration of industry and education,and intelligent evaluation reform,a practical teaching system with local application-oriented university characteristics has been formed,providing a reference example for the cultivation of smart agriculture professionals under the background of new agricultural science.展开更多
Ossiculoplasty remains a challenging surgical procedure,with outcomes heavily influenced by diverse anatomical and pathological factors.Over the decades,numerous scoring systems have been developed to predict the prog...Ossiculoplasty remains a challenging surgical procedure,with outcomes heavily influenced by diverse anatomical and pathological factors.Over the decades,numerous scoring systems have been developed to predict the prognosis of ossiculoplasty,each emphasizing different variables such as ossicular status,middle ear environment,and surgical history.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the evolution of prognostic scoring systems,including Austin's original ossicular classification,Bellucci's otorrhea staging,the Middle Ear Risk Index(MERI),the Ossiculoplasty Outcome Parameter Staging(OOPS),and the recently introduced Ear Environment Risk(EER)scale.While these systems have significantly contributed to preoperative assessment,each presents notable limitations in encompassing all variables affecting surgical success.Therefore,the aim of this paper is to provide a review of the ossiculoplasty prognostic scores and show the benefits,innovations and gaps associated with each.To address these gaps,a novel,modified scoring system is proposed,incorporating previously overlooked but clinically significant factors such as tympanic membrane status,type of tympanoplasty,ossicular replacement material,CT scan findings,and the presence of complicated ear conditions.By synthesizing elements from historical scores with updated clinical insights,the proposed system aims to provide a more holistic and predictive framework for preoperative evaluation.Future multicenter studies are encouraged to validate the efficacy and prognostic power of this new scoring system,with the goal of improving surgical planning and patient counseling in ossiculoplasty.展开更多
The application of conventional manganese dioxide(MnO_(2))materials in sodium-ion supercapacitors(Na-SCs)is considerably limited by their low conductivity and structural instability.Biomimetic morphology engineering c...The application of conventional manganese dioxide(MnO_(2))materials in sodium-ion supercapacitors(Na-SCs)is considerably limited by their low conductivity and structural instability.Biomimetic morphology engineering can optimize the electrochemical performance of MnO_(2).Here,based on the metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)-derived method and electrochemical reconstruction,a coral-like MnO_(2)structure integrated with a functional nitrogen-doped carbon(NC)coating is designed for Na-SC application.The bioinspired coral-like structure captures numerous electrolyte ions and increases the Na+concentration on the electrode surface,which is beneficial for optimizing the Na+transport pathway and accelerating the electrode reaction kinetics.Moreover,the coral-like crosslinked structure effectively enhances the mechanical properties,enabling the maintenance of the structure of MnO_(2)-based electrodes during long-term operation.Furthermore,in/ex-situ characterizations are performed to elucidate the mechanism of lattice transformation during electrochemical phase reconstruction.Additionally,the theoretical calculation and simulation results reveal the ion/electron dynamics in the fabricated electrode.The prepared electrode demonstrates excellent capacitance storage ability(340.7 F g^(−1)at 0.5 A g^(−1))and cycling stability(85.1%capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles).The assembled hybrid device exhibits exceptional life-span(82.0%capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles)and exceptional energy density(36.5 Wh kg^(−1)).This study provides a reliable biomimetic morphology design strategy for MnO_(2)cathodes,paving the way for the fabrication of high-performance Na-SCs.展开更多
In the context of the coordinated pursuit of"carbon peak and neutrality"objectives,alongside the strategy to establish a robust agricultural nation,the economic and social development of rural areas is under...In the context of the coordinated pursuit of"carbon peak and neutrality"objectives,alongside the strategy to establish a robust agricultural nation,the economic and social development of rural areas is undergoing a profound paradigm shift.The traditional rural division of labor pattern,which depends on tangible factors such as land,labor,and capital,has increasingly encountered developmental challenges characterized by diminishing marginal returns and a detrimental cycle of internal competition.The new quality productive force,centered on data,algorithms,green technologies,bioengineering,and clean energy,offers a potential pathway for the rural division of labor system to overcome the"low-level equilibrium".This force is characterized by attributes such as non-exclusivity,replicability,network collaboration,and ecological compatibility.This paper develops a three-dimensional collaborative analytical framework encompassing"technology,institution,and culture".It systematically elucidates the internal logic by which new quality productive forces drive the transformation of the rural division of labor from"quantitative factor matching"to"qualitative structural reorganization"through three principal mechanisms:technology embedding,institutional reconstruction,and cultural coupling.Furthermore,the study proposes corresponding policy recommendations,thereby offering theoretical insights to support the modernization of China s agriculture and rural areas,as well as the development of a strong agricultural country.展开更多
Optical coherence tomography(OCT),particularly Swept-Source OCT,is widely employed in medical diagnostics and industrial inspections owing to its high-resolution imaging capabilities.However,Swept-Source OCT 3D imagin...Optical coherence tomography(OCT),particularly Swept-Source OCT,is widely employed in medical diagnostics and industrial inspections owing to its high-resolution imaging capabilities.However,Swept-Source OCT 3D imaging often suffers from stripe artifacts caused by unstable light sources,system noise,and environmental interference,posing challenges to real-time processing of large-scale datasets.To address this issue,this study introduces a real-time reconstruction system that integrates stripe-artifact suppression and parallel computing using a graphics processing unit.This approach employs a frequency-domain filtering algorithm with adaptive anti-suppression parameters,dynamically adjusted through an image quality evaluation function and optimized using a convolutional neural network for complex frequency-domain feature learning.Additionally,a graphics processing unit integrated 3D reconstruction framework is developed,enhancing data processing throughput and real-time performance via a dual-queue decoupling mechanism.Experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in structural similarity(0.92),peak signal-to-noise ratio(31.62 dB),and stripe suppression ratio(15.73 dB)compared with existing methods.On the RTX 4090 platform,the proposed system achieved an end-to-end delay of 94.36 milliseconds,a frame rate of 10.3 frames per second,and a throughput of 121.5 million voxels per second,effectively suppressing artifacts while preserving image details and enhancing real-time 3D reconstruction performance.展开更多
In this paper,we consider a Schr¨odinger-Poisson system with sublinear nonlinearity.The growth of nonlinearity depends on potential function and a bounded function.We first obtain the existence of nontrivial solu...In this paper,we consider a Schr¨odinger-Poisson system with sublinear nonlinearity.The growth of nonlinearity depends on potential function and a bounded function.We first obtain the existence of nontrivial solution sequence with negative energy for the system via a variant Clark’s theorem.Then we get the asymptotical property of the solution sequence by L∞norm.展开更多
In recent years,an increasing number of researchers have become interested in the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system.This communication occurs through the microbiota-...In recent years,an increasing number of researchers have become interested in the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system.This communication occurs through the microbiota-gut-brain axis.As people age,the composition of the gut microbiota undergoes considerable changes,which are now known to play an important role in the development of many neurodegenerative diseases.This review aims to investigate the complex bidirectional signaling pathways between the gut and the brain.It summarizes the latest research findings on how the gut microbiota and its metabolites play critical roles in regulating inflammation,maintaining gut health,and influencing the development of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.The review also analyzes the current clinical applications of gut microbiota-based treatments for neurological disorders,including fecal microbiota transplantation,probiotics,and prebiotics.Many studies show that the gut microbiota affects the brain in several ways.For example,it can produce substances such as short-chain fatty acids and activate inflammatory pathways.Studies involving animals and laboratory models have demonstrated that adjusting the gut microbiota can help improve behavior and reduce neurological problems.Recent metagenomic and metabolomics studies have shown that the microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining the organism’s health.Microorganisms primarily colonize the gut and are involved in host nutrient metabolism,maintaining the structural integrity of the intestine,preserving the intestinal mucosal barrier,and modulating the immune system.The gut microbiota communicates with the brain through a bidirectional microbiota-gut-brain axis.The composition of the gut flora changes considerably with age,and ecological dysregulation has been recognized as one of the twelve most recent hallmarks of aging.Recent studies have linked these changes to a variety of age-related neurological disorders,including Alzheimer’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,Parkinson’s disease,multiple sclerosis,and Huntington’s disease.Specifically,the gut microbiota influences the brain through the production of key metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids and the activation of inflammatory and other relevant signaling pathways.In preclinical studies,targeted modulation of the gut microbiota,through methods such as fecal microbiota transplantation,probiotics,and prebiotics,has demonstrated potential in improving host behavioral outcomes.Therefore,gut microbiota-based treatments offer new hope for the treatment of nervous system diseases.However,due to the complexity of the gut microbiota and the potential adverse reactions associated with these therapies,researchers need to carefully assess their safety and efficacy before widespread clinical application.展开更多
Background:Neurological disorders(NDs),including ischemic stroke(IS),Parkinson’s disease(PD),and Alzheimer’s disease(AD),are major contributors to global morbidity and mortality.Boswellia extract has demonstrated ne...Background:Neurological disorders(NDs),including ischemic stroke(IS),Parkinson’s disease(PD),and Alzheimer’s disease(AD),are major contributors to global morbidity and mortality.Boswellia extract has demonstrated neuroprotective properties,yet a comprehensive systematic review assessing its efficacy remains absent.This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Boswellia extract in treating NDs,with a particular focus on its effects in AD and its potential for long-term neurorestoration,thereby supporting further investigation into Boswellia’s therapeutic role in ND management.Methods:A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed,Web of Science,ScienceDirect,and Google Scholar for English-language studies published up to March 2024.Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis.The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO(CRD42024524386).Eligible studies involved rodent models of IS,PD,or AD with post-operative interventions using Boswellia extract.Data extraction focused on mechanisms of action,dosages,treatment durations,and therapeutic outcomes.Studies were excluded if they involved non-ND models,combined treatments,or had incomplete data.Two researchers independently conducted literature screening and data extraction.Statistical analyses were conducted using Stata(version 17)and RevMan(version 5.4),employing fixed or random-effects models based on heterogeneity assessments.Result s:Boswellia extract significantly improved the mean effect size for NDs(ES=1.28,95%CI(1.05,1.51),P<0.001).Specifically,it reduced cerebral infarct volume in IS(SMD=−2.87,95%CI(−3.42,−2.32))and enhanced behavioral outcomes in AD(SMD=3.26,95%CI(2.07,5.14))and PD(SMD=5.37,95%CI(3.93,6.80)).Subgroup analyses revealed that Boswellia extract exhibited superior efficacy in AD when administered orally and via intra-cerebroventricular injection.Long-term treatment with Boswellia extract suggested potential neurorestorative effects.Additionally,Boswellia extract was more effective than its monomeric constituents,highlighting its promising role in ND treatment.Conclusion:Boswellia extract demonstrates significant neuroprotective effects across various NDs,particularly in AD and in promoting long-term neurorestoration.These findings support the need for further research into Boswellia’s potential as a therapeutic agent in the management of neurological disorders.展开更多
Neurodegenerative diseases are a class of disorders with the gradual loss of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system.Neurodegenerative diseases manifest primarily as cognitive and behavioral disorders...Neurodegenerative diseases are a class of disorders with the gradual loss of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system.Neurodegenerative diseases manifest primarily as cognitive and behavioral disorders that adversely affect the lives of millions of people worldwide.Therefore,it is necessary to elucidate the mechanism of neurodegenerative diseases further and find effective new therapies.In recent years,increasing evidence has shown that the immune system plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases and regulates this process.The central and peripheral immune systems exert different roles in the disease progression.The development of neurodegenerative diseases is influenced by interactions between them.This review focuses on how the immune system,including microglia mediated nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 inflammation activation and T cell-mediated neuroinflammation,interactions with neurodegenerative diseases by modulating protein aggregation and blood-brain barrier permeability.Besides,we gave particular attention to glial cell-centered multicellular interactions and the inflammatory signaling pathway.Insight into the immune system’s functions and cellular interactions is essential for progressing disease research.In addition,the functions and mechanisms of these immune cells also suggest new ideas and targets for treatment.Therefore,this review summarizes some of the existing treatment strategies for amyloid-beta,tau,neuroinflammation,α-synuclein,associated microbiota,immune modulation,and neural injury repair.In addition,this review summarizes and compares animal models of different common neurodegenerative diseases and clinical research progress.In view of the current research status,new research directions and suggestions are proposed.展开更多
Earthworms exhibit distinct biological traits contributing to ecosystem resilience.As a keystone species of terrestrial ecosystem,they influence soil health.This study investigates the transformation of bacterial popu...Earthworms exhibit distinct biological traits contributing to ecosystem resilience.As a keystone species of terrestrial ecosystem,they influence soil health.This study investigates the transformation of bacterial population as they pass through the gut of Metaphire birmanica,with a focus on knowing its role in shaping microbial diversity,directing to understand its influence on soil fertility and ecosystem restoration.We used advance high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing to assess surrounding soil,earthworm gut,and cast samples.Following DNA extraction,the process of amplification,and sequencing,bacterial taxonomy was compared across various levels using bioinformatics.Findings revealed that M.birmanica gut acted as a selective environment,leading a distinct microbial composition that predominantly favored anaerobic bacteria like Firmicutes.The observed microbial patterns suggest potential ecological implications,including possible roles of families like Sphingomonadaceae and Pseudomonadaceae in nutrient cycling and Bacillus and Pseudomonas in plant growth promotion,increased nutrient availability,and enhanced soil structure.These results highlight M.birmanica's significant role in influencing soil microbial ecology,offering significant implications for sustainable agriculture and soil restoration.展开更多
In this manuscript,we consider a non-autonomous dynamical system.Using the Carathéodory structure,we define a BS dimension on an arbitrary subset and obtain a Bowen’s equation that illustrates the relation of th...In this manuscript,we consider a non-autonomous dynamical system.Using the Carathéodory structure,we define a BS dimension on an arbitrary subset and obtain a Bowen’s equation that illustrates the relation of the BS dimension to the Pesin-Pitskel topological pressure given by Nazarian[24].Moreover,we establish a variational principle and an inverse variational principle for the BS dimension of non-autonomous dynamical systems.Finally,we also get an analogue of Billingsley’s theorem for the BS dimension of non-autonomous dynamical systems.展开更多
Short-chain fatty acids,metabolites produced by the fermentation of dietary fiber by gut microbiota,have garnered significant attention due to their correlation with neurodegenerative diseases,particularly Parkinson’...Short-chain fatty acids,metabolites produced by the fermentation of dietary fiber by gut microbiota,have garnered significant attention due to their correlation with neurodegenerative diseases,particularly Parkinson’s disease.In this review,we summarize the changes in short-chain fatty acid levels and the abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria in various samples from patients with Parkinson’s disease,highlighting the critical role of gut homeostasis imbalance in the pathogenesis and progression of the disease.Focusing on the nervous system,we discuss the molecular mechanisms by which short-chain fatty acids influence the homeostasis of both the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system.We identify key processes,including the activation of G protein-coupled receptors and the inhibition of histone deacetylases by short-chain fatty acids.Importantly,structural or functional disruptions in the enteric nervous system mediated by these fatty acids may lead to abnormalα-synuclein expression and gastrointestinal dysmotility,which could serve as an initiating event in Parkinson’s disease.Furthermore,we propose that short-chain fatty acids help establish communication between the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system via the vagal nerve,immune circulation,and endocrine signaling.This communication may shed light on their potential role in the transmission ofα-synuclein from the gut to the brain.Finally,we elucidate novel treatment strategies for Parkinson’s disease that target short-chain fatty acids and examine the challenges associated with translating short-chain fatty acid-based therapies into clinical practice.In conclusion,this review emphasizes the pivotal role of short-chain fatty acids in regulating gut-brain axis integrity and their significance in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease from the perspective of the nervous system.Moreover,it highlights the potential value of short-chain fatty acids in early intervention for Parkinson’s disease.Future research into the molecular mechanisms of short-chain fatty acids and their synergistic interactions with other gut metabolites is likely to advance the clinical translation of innovative short-chain fatty acid-based therapies for Parkinson’s disease.展开更多
Neuroinflammation is a crucial factor in the progression of various diseases,ranging from immune-related conditions such as sepsis to neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)(Ravichandran and Henek...Neuroinflammation is a crucial factor in the progression of various diseases,ranging from immune-related conditions such as sepsis to neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)(Ravichandran and Heneka,2024).This perspective article,which draws on insights from diverse fields including neuroscience,immunology,and pathology,p rovides a critical analysis of ongoing research efforts in inflammasome biology,with specific emphasis on Nod-like receptor(NLR)and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3).展开更多
The 200 Gbit/s passive optical network(PON)is most likely to be the next-generation scheme following 50G PON.The costeffective direct detection(DD)system is the economical choice.However,larger-capacity DD systems wil...The 200 Gbit/s passive optical network(PON)is most likely to be the next-generation scheme following 50G PON.The costeffective direct detection(DD)system is the economical choice.However,larger-capacity DD systems will face much more serious power fading caused by chromatic dispersion(CD)combined with square-law DD and thereby significantly increases the complexity of equalization algorithms.In this paper,a 200 Gbit/s Nyquist 4-level pulse amplitude modulation(PAM4)single side-band(SSB)modulation-DD downlink scheme is designed,and a low complexity quadratic-nonlinear equalizer is proposed for this system.The computational complexity of the quadratic nonlinear equalizer is about 28%of that of the conventional Volterra nonlinear equalizer,while still exhibiting excellent nonlinear equalization ability.Simulation results for the 200 Gbit/s system with 20 km fiber transmission show that it can achieve a power budget of 29 dB,while a 30.4 dB power budget is obtained in the 50 Gbit/s experimental transmission.展开更多
The loss of control over movement is one of the most devastating consequences of Parkinson’s disease(PD).The loss of control largely results from the gradual but inexorable destruction of dopamine-producing neurons i...The loss of control over movement is one of the most devastating consequences of Parkinson’s disease(PD).The loss of control largely results from the gradual but inexorable destruction of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta.As dopamine levels fall,the ability to initiate,control,learn,and sustain actions declines.Treatment with the dopamine precursor levodopa can partly overcome motor impairments;however,years of use often leads to levodopa-induced dyskinesia(LID),a debilitating condition characterized by uncontrolled writhing and ballistic movements,making continued treatment difficult or impossible.While progress has been made towards unraveling the molecular and cellular processes driving the development of LID,far less is known about the changes in ongoing neuronal activity that contribute to LID expression.展开更多
Generalised reduced masses with a set of equations governing the three relative motions between two of 3-bodies in their gravitational field are established,of which the dynamic characteristics of 3-body dynamics,fund...Generalised reduced masses with a set of equations governing the three relative motions between two of 3-bodies in their gravitational field are established,of which the dynamic characteristics of 3-body dynamics,fundamental bases of this paper,are revealed.Based on these findings,an equivalent system is developed,which is a 2-body system with its total mass,constant angular momentum,kinetic and potential energies same as the total ones of three relative motions,so that it can be solved using the well-known theory of the 2-body system.From the solution of an equivalent system with the revealed characteristics of three relative motions,the general theoretical solutions of the 3-body system are obtained in the curve-integration forms along the orbits in the imaged radial motion space.The possible periodical orbits with generalised Kepler’s law are presented.Following the description and mathematical demonstrations of the proposed methods,the examples including Euler’s/Lagrange’s problems,and a reported numerical one are solved to validate the proposed methods.The methods derived from the 3-body system are extended to N-body problems.展开更多
基金Supported by the Autonomous Region-level Research and Practice Projects for New Engineering,New Medicine,New Agriculture,and New Humanities of Guangxi Department of Education(XNK202409)the Undergraduate Teaching Reform Project of Guangxi Higher Education(2024JGB332+1 种基金2024JGA304)the Guangxi Degree and Graduate Education Reform Project(JGY2025382).
文摘The deep integration of artificial intelligence technology and agricultural industry has pushed smart agriculture into a new stage of"AI+scenario",and put forward a transformation requirement for the talent cultivation of smart agriculture major in universities from"technology application"to"intelligent innovation".In response to the problems of insufficient AI integration,lack of contextualization,and insufficient collaboration between industry and education in the traditional"technology+"practical course system,this paper takes the smart agriculture major at Yulin Normal University as an example to construct a"AI+agriculture"practical course reconstruction framework and propose a four-dimensional transformation path of"goal-content-mode-evaluation".Through the practical exploration of modular curriculum design,scenario based practical design,integration of industry and education,and intelligent evaluation reform,a practical teaching system with local application-oriented university characteristics has been formed,providing a reference example for the cultivation of smart agriculture professionals under the background of new agricultural science.
文摘Ossiculoplasty remains a challenging surgical procedure,with outcomes heavily influenced by diverse anatomical and pathological factors.Over the decades,numerous scoring systems have been developed to predict the prognosis of ossiculoplasty,each emphasizing different variables such as ossicular status,middle ear environment,and surgical history.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the evolution of prognostic scoring systems,including Austin's original ossicular classification,Bellucci's otorrhea staging,the Middle Ear Risk Index(MERI),the Ossiculoplasty Outcome Parameter Staging(OOPS),and the recently introduced Ear Environment Risk(EER)scale.While these systems have significantly contributed to preoperative assessment,each presents notable limitations in encompassing all variables affecting surgical success.Therefore,the aim of this paper is to provide a review of the ossiculoplasty prognostic scores and show the benefits,innovations and gaps associated with each.To address these gaps,a novel,modified scoring system is proposed,incorporating previously overlooked but clinically significant factors such as tympanic membrane status,type of tympanoplasty,ossicular replacement material,CT scan findings,and the presence of complicated ear conditions.By synthesizing elements from historical scores with updated clinical insights,the proposed system aims to provide a more holistic and predictive framework for preoperative evaluation.Future multicenter studies are encouraged to validate the efficacy and prognostic power of this new scoring system,with the goal of improving surgical planning and patient counseling in ossiculoplasty.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22409065)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022A1515011906)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M731153)the Research Fund Program of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technologythe Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(GZC20230868).
文摘The application of conventional manganese dioxide(MnO_(2))materials in sodium-ion supercapacitors(Na-SCs)is considerably limited by their low conductivity and structural instability.Biomimetic morphology engineering can optimize the electrochemical performance of MnO_(2).Here,based on the metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)-derived method and electrochemical reconstruction,a coral-like MnO_(2)structure integrated with a functional nitrogen-doped carbon(NC)coating is designed for Na-SC application.The bioinspired coral-like structure captures numerous electrolyte ions and increases the Na+concentration on the electrode surface,which is beneficial for optimizing the Na+transport pathway and accelerating the electrode reaction kinetics.Moreover,the coral-like crosslinked structure effectively enhances the mechanical properties,enabling the maintenance of the structure of MnO_(2)-based electrodes during long-term operation.Furthermore,in/ex-situ characterizations are performed to elucidate the mechanism of lattice transformation during electrochemical phase reconstruction.Additionally,the theoretical calculation and simulation results reveal the ion/electron dynamics in the fabricated electrode.The prepared electrode demonstrates excellent capacitance storage ability(340.7 F g^(−1)at 0.5 A g^(−1))and cycling stability(85.1%capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles).The assembled hybrid device exhibits exceptional life-span(82.0%capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles)and exceptional energy density(36.5 Wh kg^(−1)).This study provides a reliable biomimetic morphology design strategy for MnO_(2)cathodes,paving the way for the fabrication of high-performance Na-SCs.
基金Supported by Key Project of Jiangsu Education Science Planning"Research on the Structural Adjustment of Higher Education in Jiangsu in the Context of High-Quality Economic Development"(B/2021/01/67).
文摘In the context of the coordinated pursuit of"carbon peak and neutrality"objectives,alongside the strategy to establish a robust agricultural nation,the economic and social development of rural areas is undergoing a profound paradigm shift.The traditional rural division of labor pattern,which depends on tangible factors such as land,labor,and capital,has increasingly encountered developmental challenges characterized by diminishing marginal returns and a detrimental cycle of internal competition.The new quality productive force,centered on data,algorithms,green technologies,bioengineering,and clean energy,offers a potential pathway for the rural division of labor system to overcome the"low-level equilibrium".This force is characterized by attributes such as non-exclusivity,replicability,network collaboration,and ecological compatibility.This paper develops a three-dimensional collaborative analytical framework encompassing"technology,institution,and culture".It systematically elucidates the internal logic by which new quality productive forces drive the transformation of the rural division of labor from"quantitative factor matching"to"qualitative structural reorganization"through three principal mechanisms:technology embedding,institutional reconstruction,and cultural coupling.Furthermore,the study proposes corresponding policy recommendations,thereby offering theoretical insights to support the modernization of China s agriculture and rural areas,as well as the development of a strong agricultural country.
文摘Optical coherence tomography(OCT),particularly Swept-Source OCT,is widely employed in medical diagnostics and industrial inspections owing to its high-resolution imaging capabilities.However,Swept-Source OCT 3D imaging often suffers from stripe artifacts caused by unstable light sources,system noise,and environmental interference,posing challenges to real-time processing of large-scale datasets.To address this issue,this study introduces a real-time reconstruction system that integrates stripe-artifact suppression and parallel computing using a graphics processing unit.This approach employs a frequency-domain filtering algorithm with adaptive anti-suppression parameters,dynamically adjusted through an image quality evaluation function and optimized using a convolutional neural network for complex frequency-domain feature learning.Additionally,a graphics processing unit integrated 3D reconstruction framework is developed,enhancing data processing throughput and real-time performance via a dual-queue decoupling mechanism.Experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in structural similarity(0.92),peak signal-to-noise ratio(31.62 dB),and stripe suppression ratio(15.73 dB)compared with existing methods.On the RTX 4090 platform,the proposed system achieved an end-to-end delay of 94.36 milliseconds,a frame rate of 10.3 frames per second,and a throughput of 121.5 million voxels per second,effectively suppressing artifacts while preserving image details and enhancing real-time 3D reconstruction performance.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12226412)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20221339)。
文摘In this paper,we consider a Schr¨odinger-Poisson system with sublinear nonlinearity.The growth of nonlinearity depends on potential function and a bounded function.We first obtain the existence of nontrivial solution sequence with negative energy for the system via a variant Clark’s theorem.Then we get the asymptotical property of the solution sequence by L∞norm.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.32200782(to ZL)the Science and Technology Development Plan Project of Jilin Province,No.20240404014ZP(to ZL).
文摘In recent years,an increasing number of researchers have become interested in the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system.This communication occurs through the microbiota-gut-brain axis.As people age,the composition of the gut microbiota undergoes considerable changes,which are now known to play an important role in the development of many neurodegenerative diseases.This review aims to investigate the complex bidirectional signaling pathways between the gut and the brain.It summarizes the latest research findings on how the gut microbiota and its metabolites play critical roles in regulating inflammation,maintaining gut health,and influencing the development of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.The review also analyzes the current clinical applications of gut microbiota-based treatments for neurological disorders,including fecal microbiota transplantation,probiotics,and prebiotics.Many studies show that the gut microbiota affects the brain in several ways.For example,it can produce substances such as short-chain fatty acids and activate inflammatory pathways.Studies involving animals and laboratory models have demonstrated that adjusting the gut microbiota can help improve behavior and reduce neurological problems.Recent metagenomic and metabolomics studies have shown that the microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining the organism’s health.Microorganisms primarily colonize the gut and are involved in host nutrient metabolism,maintaining the structural integrity of the intestine,preserving the intestinal mucosal barrier,and modulating the immune system.The gut microbiota communicates with the brain through a bidirectional microbiota-gut-brain axis.The composition of the gut flora changes considerably with age,and ecological dysregulation has been recognized as one of the twelve most recent hallmarks of aging.Recent studies have linked these changes to a variety of age-related neurological disorders,including Alzheimer’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,Parkinson’s disease,multiple sclerosis,and Huntington’s disease.Specifically,the gut microbiota influences the brain through the production of key metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids and the activation of inflammatory and other relevant signaling pathways.In preclinical studies,targeted modulation of the gut microbiota,through methods such as fecal microbiota transplantation,probiotics,and prebiotics,has demonstrated potential in improving host behavioral outcomes.Therefore,gut microbiota-based treatments offer new hope for the treatment of nervous system diseases.However,due to the complexity of the gut microbiota and the potential adverse reactions associated with these therapies,researchers need to carefully assess their safety and efficacy before widespread clinical application.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,specifically through grants(No.8227431382304947)Key Research and Development Project of Shaanxi Province(2023GHZD43).Peer re v iew information。
文摘Background:Neurological disorders(NDs),including ischemic stroke(IS),Parkinson’s disease(PD),and Alzheimer’s disease(AD),are major contributors to global morbidity and mortality.Boswellia extract has demonstrated neuroprotective properties,yet a comprehensive systematic review assessing its efficacy remains absent.This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Boswellia extract in treating NDs,with a particular focus on its effects in AD and its potential for long-term neurorestoration,thereby supporting further investigation into Boswellia’s therapeutic role in ND management.Methods:A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed,Web of Science,ScienceDirect,and Google Scholar for English-language studies published up to March 2024.Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis.The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO(CRD42024524386).Eligible studies involved rodent models of IS,PD,or AD with post-operative interventions using Boswellia extract.Data extraction focused on mechanisms of action,dosages,treatment durations,and therapeutic outcomes.Studies were excluded if they involved non-ND models,combined treatments,or had incomplete data.Two researchers independently conducted literature screening and data extraction.Statistical analyses were conducted using Stata(version 17)and RevMan(version 5.4),employing fixed or random-effects models based on heterogeneity assessments.Result s:Boswellia extract significantly improved the mean effect size for NDs(ES=1.28,95%CI(1.05,1.51),P<0.001).Specifically,it reduced cerebral infarct volume in IS(SMD=−2.87,95%CI(−3.42,−2.32))and enhanced behavioral outcomes in AD(SMD=3.26,95%CI(2.07,5.14))and PD(SMD=5.37,95%CI(3.93,6.80)).Subgroup analyses revealed that Boswellia extract exhibited superior efficacy in AD when administered orally and via intra-cerebroventricular injection.Long-term treatment with Boswellia extract suggested potential neurorestorative effects.Additionally,Boswellia extract was more effective than its monomeric constituents,highlighting its promising role in ND treatment.Conclusion:Boswellia extract demonstrates significant neuroprotective effects across various NDs,particularly in AD and in promoting long-term neurorestoration.These findings support the need for further research into Boswellia’s potential as a therapeutic agent in the management of neurological disorders.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China,Nos.LZYQ25H270001(to LY),LY24H270007(to WJ)Zhejiang Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Plan Project,No.2023ZR011(to LY)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2023TQ0295(to LY)Postdoctoral Research Projects Merit-based Funding in Zhejiang Province(First-class funding),No.ZJ2023021(to LY)Xinmiao Talents Project of Zhejiang Province,No.2024R410A022(to YC).
文摘Neurodegenerative diseases are a class of disorders with the gradual loss of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system.Neurodegenerative diseases manifest primarily as cognitive and behavioral disorders that adversely affect the lives of millions of people worldwide.Therefore,it is necessary to elucidate the mechanism of neurodegenerative diseases further and find effective new therapies.In recent years,increasing evidence has shown that the immune system plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases and regulates this process.The central and peripheral immune systems exert different roles in the disease progression.The development of neurodegenerative diseases is influenced by interactions between them.This review focuses on how the immune system,including microglia mediated nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 inflammation activation and T cell-mediated neuroinflammation,interactions with neurodegenerative diseases by modulating protein aggregation and blood-brain barrier permeability.Besides,we gave particular attention to glial cell-centered multicellular interactions and the inflammatory signaling pathway.Insight into the immune system’s functions and cellular interactions is essential for progressing disease research.In addition,the functions and mechanisms of these immune cells also suggest new ideas and targets for treatment.Therefore,this review summarizes some of the existing treatment strategies for amyloid-beta,tau,neuroinflammation,α-synuclein,associated microbiota,immune modulation,and neural injury repair.In addition,this review summarizes and compares animal models of different common neurodegenerative diseases and clinical research progress.In view of the current research status,new research directions and suggestions are proposed.
文摘Earthworms exhibit distinct biological traits contributing to ecosystem resilience.As a keystone species of terrestrial ecosystem,they influence soil health.This study investigates the transformation of bacterial population as they pass through the gut of Metaphire birmanica,with a focus on knowing its role in shaping microbial diversity,directing to understand its influence on soil fertility and ecosystem restoration.We used advance high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing to assess surrounding soil,earthworm gut,and cast samples.Following DNA extraction,the process of amplification,and sequencing,bacterial taxonomy was compared across various levels using bioinformatics.Findings revealed that M.birmanica gut acted as a selective environment,leading a distinct microbial composition that predominantly favored anaerobic bacteria like Firmicutes.The observed microbial patterns suggest potential ecological implications,including possible roles of families like Sphingomonadaceae and Pseudomonadaceae in nutrient cycling and Bacillus and Pseudomonas in plant growth promotion,increased nutrient availability,and enhanced soil structure.These results highlight M.birmanica's significant role in influencing soil microbial ecology,offering significant implications for sustainable agriculture and soil restoration.
基金supported by the NSFC(12461012)and the NSF of Chongqing(CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX1246).
文摘In this manuscript,we consider a non-autonomous dynamical system.Using the Carathéodory structure,we define a BS dimension on an arbitrary subset and obtain a Bowen’s equation that illustrates the relation of the BS dimension to the Pesin-Pitskel topological pressure given by Nazarian[24].Moreover,we establish a variational principle and an inverse variational principle for the BS dimension of non-autonomous dynamical systems.Finally,we also get an analogue of Billingsley’s theorem for the BS dimension of non-autonomous dynamical systems.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China,No.2021YFC2501200(to PC).
文摘Short-chain fatty acids,metabolites produced by the fermentation of dietary fiber by gut microbiota,have garnered significant attention due to their correlation with neurodegenerative diseases,particularly Parkinson’s disease.In this review,we summarize the changes in short-chain fatty acid levels and the abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria in various samples from patients with Parkinson’s disease,highlighting the critical role of gut homeostasis imbalance in the pathogenesis and progression of the disease.Focusing on the nervous system,we discuss the molecular mechanisms by which short-chain fatty acids influence the homeostasis of both the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system.We identify key processes,including the activation of G protein-coupled receptors and the inhibition of histone deacetylases by short-chain fatty acids.Importantly,structural or functional disruptions in the enteric nervous system mediated by these fatty acids may lead to abnormalα-synuclein expression and gastrointestinal dysmotility,which could serve as an initiating event in Parkinson’s disease.Furthermore,we propose that short-chain fatty acids help establish communication between the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system via the vagal nerve,immune circulation,and endocrine signaling.This communication may shed light on their potential role in the transmission ofα-synuclein from the gut to the brain.Finally,we elucidate novel treatment strategies for Parkinson’s disease that target short-chain fatty acids and examine the challenges associated with translating short-chain fatty acid-based therapies into clinical practice.In conclusion,this review emphasizes the pivotal role of short-chain fatty acids in regulating gut-brain axis integrity and their significance in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease from the perspective of the nervous system.Moreover,it highlights the potential value of short-chain fatty acids in early intervention for Parkinson’s disease.Future research into the molecular mechanisms of short-chain fatty acids and their synergistic interactions with other gut metabolites is likely to advance the clinical translation of innovative short-chain fatty acid-based therapies for Parkinson’s disease.
基金supported by Texas Alzheimer’s Research and Care Consortium-TARCC 2022-26,The National Football League Players Association-NFLPA,NIH/NIA Grant 1R01 AG072491 to TB and FDP.
文摘Neuroinflammation is a crucial factor in the progression of various diseases,ranging from immune-related conditions such as sepsis to neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)(Ravichandran and Heneka,2024).This perspective article,which draws on insights from diverse fields including neuroscience,immunology,and pathology,p rovides a critical analysis of ongoing research efforts in inflammasome biology,with specific emphasis on Nod-like receptor(NLR)and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3).
基金ZTE Industry-University-Institute Cooperation Funds under Grant No.HC-CN-20230105001National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.62001045。
文摘The 200 Gbit/s passive optical network(PON)is most likely to be the next-generation scheme following 50G PON.The costeffective direct detection(DD)system is the economical choice.However,larger-capacity DD systems will face much more serious power fading caused by chromatic dispersion(CD)combined with square-law DD and thereby significantly increases the complexity of equalization algorithms.In this paper,a 200 Gbit/s Nyquist 4-level pulse amplitude modulation(PAM4)single side-band(SSB)modulation-DD downlink scheme is designed,and a low complexity quadratic-nonlinear equalizer is proposed for this system.The computational complexity of the quadratic nonlinear equalizer is about 28%of that of the conventional Volterra nonlinear equalizer,while still exhibiting excellent nonlinear equalization ability.Simulation results for the 200 Gbit/s system with 20 km fiber transmission show that it can achieve a power budget of 29 dB,while a 30.4 dB power budget is obtained in the 50 Gbit/s experimental transmission.
基金supported by Arizona Biomedical Research Commission[ADHS18-198846]the National Institute of Health NINDS[R56-NS109608 and R01-NS122805]Davies,Robert and Peyton,Parkinson’s Disease Research Fund to TF.
文摘The loss of control over movement is one of the most devastating consequences of Parkinson’s disease(PD).The loss of control largely results from the gradual but inexorable destruction of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta.As dopamine levels fall,the ability to initiate,control,learn,and sustain actions declines.Treatment with the dopamine precursor levodopa can partly overcome motor impairments;however,years of use often leads to levodopa-induced dyskinesia(LID),a debilitating condition characterized by uncontrolled writhing and ballistic movements,making continued treatment difficult or impossible.While progress has been made towards unraveling the molecular and cellular processes driving the development of LID,far less is known about the changes in ongoing neuronal activity that contribute to LID expression.
文摘Generalised reduced masses with a set of equations governing the three relative motions between two of 3-bodies in their gravitational field are established,of which the dynamic characteristics of 3-body dynamics,fundamental bases of this paper,are revealed.Based on these findings,an equivalent system is developed,which is a 2-body system with its total mass,constant angular momentum,kinetic and potential energies same as the total ones of three relative motions,so that it can be solved using the well-known theory of the 2-body system.From the solution of an equivalent system with the revealed characteristics of three relative motions,the general theoretical solutions of the 3-body system are obtained in the curve-integration forms along the orbits in the imaged radial motion space.The possible periodical orbits with generalised Kepler’s law are presented.Following the description and mathematical demonstrations of the proposed methods,the examples including Euler’s/Lagrange’s problems,and a reported numerical one are solved to validate the proposed methods.The methods derived from the 3-body system are extended to N-body problems.
