大豆胞囊线虫1号和4号生理小种是黄淮地区的优势小种，ZDD2315是我国特优抗源。本文旨在定位ZDD2315对1号和4号生理小种抗性的QTL。试验以Essex为母本，ZDD2315为父本和轮回亲本，创建了一个包含114个单株的Bc。群体。采用250个SSR标记...大豆胞囊线虫1号和4号生理小种是黄淮地区的优势小种，ZDD2315是我国特优抗源。本文旨在定位ZDD2315对1号和4号生理小种抗性的QTL。试验以Essex为母本，ZDD2315为父本和轮回亲本，创建了一个包含114个单株的Bc。群体。采用250个SSR标记和1个形态标记通过MAPMAKER3．0构建了包含25个连锁群的遗传图谱，覆盖大豆基因组2963．5cM，平均每个连锁群上10．0个标记，标记平均间距11．8cM。采用Win QTL Cartographer Version 2．5复合区间作图法（CIM）检测到3个抗1号小种的QTL；其中rhgR1-1和rhgR1—2位于G连锁群的Sat_210～Sat_168和Sat_168～Sat_141区间，贡献率分别为22．4％和21.8％；rhgR1-3位于D2连锁群的Satt672～Satt413区间，贡献率6．2％；rhgR1-1和rhgR1—3分别与Sat_210和Satt672共分离。5个QTL与抗4号生理小种有关；其中rhgR4—1和rhgR4—-位于G连锁群的Satt275～Sat_210和Sat_168～Sat_141区间，贡献率分别为22．8％和28．9％；rhgR4—3和rhgR4—4位于H连锁群Satt442～Sat401和Sat_334～Satt181区间，贡献率分别为12．0％和10．5％；rhgR4—5位于L连锁群Satt652～Sat_301区间，贡献率5．9％；吨职4—2和rhgR4—5分别与Sat_168和Satt652共分离。不同遗传体系控制ZDD2315对1号和4号小种的抗性。抗1号和4号生理小种的主要QTL位于G连锁群的相近区段，且具有较大贡献率，通过标记辅助选择有可能育成兼抗两小种的品种。展开更多
The soybean cyst nematode, Heterodeara glycines, is a serious pathogen of soybean, and reported to be the host of a wide range of Fabaceae. In the present study, the host specificity and reproductivity of two populati...The soybean cyst nematode, Heterodeara glycines, is a serious pathogen of soybean, and reported to be the host of a wide range of Fabaceae. In the present study, the host specificity and reproductivity of two populations of H. glycines collected from soybean and tobacco were identified and characterized. The comparative identity between β-1,4-endoglucanase, pectate lyase and chorismate mutase of H. glycines parasitizing on soybean and tobacco were 99, 97 and 98%, respectively. The qR T-PCR analysis indicated that the expression of pectate lyase 2 gene was significantly higher in second-stage juveniles of H. glycines Henan population parasitizing on tobacco than that of H. glycines Shanxi population parasitizing on soybean. In addition, the pectic acid content of cell wall was significantly higher(45%) in the roots of tobacco than the roots of soybean. Our results indicate that the changes in transcript parasitism genes may be a result of long-term evolution illustrating how a plant-parasitic nematode adapts to the host environment for optimal infestation and survival.展开更多
Soybean cyst nematode （SCN Heterodera glycines Ichinohe） is one of the most important nationwide soybean diseases in China. A total of 38 soil specimens or locations in the area was sampled and tested for SCN races ...Soybean cyst nematode （SCN Heterodera glycines Ichinohe） is one of the most important nationwide soybean diseases in China. A total of 38 soil specimens or locations in the area was sampled and tested for SCN races during 2001-2003 for the inspection of race distribution in Huang-Huai Valleys. A map of race distribution was constructed according to the data from both the present study and the published reports cited. Three areas, namely, the area of southeast to Jinan in Shangdong Province; the area of northern Henan Province and its border region to south of Hebei Province; and the area of Luohe, Zhoukou of Henan Province and Fuyang of Anhui Province mainly infested with Race 1 were identified. Race 4 was predominant in Shanxi Province, Beijing and the adjacent area of Henan, Shandong, and Anhui provinces, and the delta of Huanghe River in Shandong Province. Race 2 was mainly found in Liaocheng, Dezhou of Shangdong Province and Shijiazhuang of Hebei Province, and Jiaozuo and Huojia of Henan Province. Race 7 was distributed in the west part of Jiaodong Peninsula of Shandong Province and Kaifeng, Huaxian, Wenxian of Henan Province. Race 5 was found and scattered in Hebei and Henan Province. Race 9 was found in Shangqiu of Henan Province, which was reported for the first time in China. It can be seen that Race 1 and Race 4 were the two predominant races in Huang-Huai Valleys, and that research should focus on developing resistant cultivars of these races. There might exist other races in an area with some predominant races. The race substitution in the past decade was not obviously found, therefore, the results should be meaningful to future breeding for resistance to SCN in Huang-Huai Valleys.展开更多
Heterodera glycines （i.e., soybean cyst nematode, SCN） is the most damaging nematode pest affecting soybean crop worldwide. This nematode is managed by means of crop rotation with selected resistant sources. With in...Heterodera glycines （i.e., soybean cyst nematode, SCN） is the most damaging nematode pest affecting soybean crop worldwide. This nematode is managed by means of crop rotation with selected resistant sources. With increasing reports of virulent SCN populations that are able to break the resistance within commonly used sources, there is an increasing need to find new sources of resistance or to broaden the resistance background. This review summarizes recent findings about the genes controlling SCN resis- tance in soybean, and about how these genes interact to confer resistance against SCN in soybean. It also provides an update on molecular mapping and molecular markers that can be used for the mass selection and differentiation of different resistance lines and cultivars in order to expedite conventional breeding programs. In-depth knowledge of SCN parasitism proteins and soybean resistance responses to the pathogen is critical for the diversification of resistant sources through gene modification, gene stacking, or incorporation of novel sources of resistance through backcrossing or genetic engineering.展开更多
Soybean cyst nematode(SCN)Heterodera glycines is considered as the major constraint to soybean production.Gm SHMT08 at Rhg4 locus on chromosome 08,encoding a serine hydroxylmethyltransferase,is a major gene underlying...Soybean cyst nematode(SCN)Heterodera glycines is considered as the major constraint to soybean production.Gm SHMT08 at Rhg4 locus on chromosome 08,encoding a serine hydroxylmethyltransferase,is a major gene underlying resistance against H.glycines in Peking-type soybeans.However,the molecular mechanism underpinning this resistance is less well characterized,and whether Gm SHMT08 could interact with proteins in H.glycines remains unclear.In this study,yeast two-hybrid screening was conducted using Gm SHMT08 as a bait protein,and a fragment of a 70-kDa heat shock protein(Hg HSP70)was screened from H.glycines that exhibited interaction with Gm SHMT08.This interaction was verified by both GST pull-down and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays.Our finding reveals Hg HSP70 could be applied as a potential candidate gene for further exploring the mechanism on Gm SHMT08-mediated resistance against SCN H.glycines.展开更多
大豆贮藏蛋白主要成分是7S和11S球蛋白,大豆贮藏蛋白组分及其亚基组成决定了蛋白质的品质和加工特性。本研究选用134对细胞核SSR标记,对166份栽培大豆微核心种质进行基因分型,运用一般线性回归(general linear model,GLM)和复合线性回归...大豆贮藏蛋白主要成分是7S和11S球蛋白,大豆贮藏蛋白组分及其亚基组成决定了蛋白质的品质和加工特性。本研究选用134对细胞核SSR标记,对166份栽培大豆微核心种质进行基因分型,运用一般线性回归(general linear model,GLM)和复合线性回归(mixed linear model,MLM)方法进行标记与性状的关联分析,定位大豆蛋白亚基的相关基因。结果表明,2年均检测到的且与蛋白亚基相关联的SSR位点有14个,以MLM方法检测到5个SSR位点(Sat_062、Satt583、Satt291、Satt234和Satt595)与蛋白亚基相关联;7S组分各亚基变异程度较大,是引起11S/7S变异的主要原因;表型变异较大的亚基可能因为相关基因进化中发生重组较多,LD衰减距离较小,导致检测到较少的相关位点。本研究结果对蛋白亚基相关性状的标记辅助选择育种有重要的利用价值。展开更多
文摘大豆胞囊线虫1号和4号生理小种是黄淮地区的优势小种，ZDD2315是我国特优抗源。本文旨在定位ZDD2315对1号和4号生理小种抗性的QTL。试验以Essex为母本，ZDD2315为父本和轮回亲本，创建了一个包含114个单株的Bc。群体。采用250个SSR标记和1个形态标记通过MAPMAKER3．0构建了包含25个连锁群的遗传图谱，覆盖大豆基因组2963．5cM，平均每个连锁群上10．0个标记，标记平均间距11．8cM。采用Win QTL Cartographer Version 2．5复合区间作图法（CIM）检测到3个抗1号小种的QTL；其中rhgR1-1和rhgR1—2位于G连锁群的Sat_210～Sat_168和Sat_168～Sat_141区间，贡献率分别为22．4％和21.8％；rhgR1-3位于D2连锁群的Satt672～Satt413区间，贡献率6．2％；rhgR1-1和rhgR1—3分别与Sat_210和Satt672共分离。5个QTL与抗4号生理小种有关；其中rhgR4—1和rhgR4—-位于G连锁群的Satt275～Sat_210和Sat_168～Sat_141区间，贡献率分别为22．8％和28．9％；rhgR4—3和rhgR4—4位于H连锁群Satt442～Sat401和Sat_334～Satt181区间，贡献率分别为12．0％和10．5％；rhgR4—5位于L连锁群Satt652～Sat_301区间，贡献率5．9％；吨职4—2和rhgR4—5分别与Sat_168和Satt652共分离。不同遗传体系控制ZDD2315对1号和4号小种的抗性。抗1号和4号生理小种的主要QTL位于G连锁群的相近区段，且具有较大贡献率，通过标记辅助选择有可能育成兼抗两小种的品种。
基金supported by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest in China (201503114)
文摘The soybean cyst nematode, Heterodeara glycines, is a serious pathogen of soybean, and reported to be the host of a wide range of Fabaceae. In the present study, the host specificity and reproductivity of two populations of H. glycines collected from soybean and tobacco were identified and characterized. The comparative identity between β-1,4-endoglucanase, pectate lyase and chorismate mutase of H. glycines parasitizing on soybean and tobacco were 99, 97 and 98%, respectively. The qR T-PCR analysis indicated that the expression of pectate lyase 2 gene was significantly higher in second-stage juveniles of H. glycines Henan population parasitizing on tobacco than that of H. glycines Shanxi population parasitizing on soybean. In addition, the pectic acid content of cell wall was significantly higher(45%) in the roots of tobacco than the roots of soybean. Our results indicate that the changes in transcript parasitism genes may be a result of long-term evolution illustrating how a plant-parasitic nematode adapts to the host environment for optimal infestation and survival.
基金The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （30490250）the National Key Basic Research Program （2002CB 111304, 2004CB7206）+1 种基金the National 863 Program （2002AA211052）the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University （PCSIRT）.
文摘Soybean cyst nematode （SCN Heterodera glycines Ichinohe） is one of the most important nationwide soybean diseases in China. A total of 38 soil specimens or locations in the area was sampled and tested for SCN races during 2001-2003 for the inspection of race distribution in Huang-Huai Valleys. A map of race distribution was constructed according to the data from both the present study and the published reports cited. Three areas, namely, the area of southeast to Jinan in Shangdong Province; the area of northern Henan Province and its border region to south of Hebei Province; and the area of Luohe, Zhoukou of Henan Province and Fuyang of Anhui Province mainly infested with Race 1 were identified. Race 4 was predominant in Shanxi Province, Beijing and the adjacent area of Henan, Shandong, and Anhui provinces, and the delta of Huanghe River in Shandong Province. Race 2 was mainly found in Liaocheng, Dezhou of Shangdong Province and Shijiazhuang of Hebei Province, and Jiaozuo and Huojia of Henan Province. Race 7 was distributed in the west part of Jiaodong Peninsula of Shandong Province and Kaifeng, Huaxian, Wenxian of Henan Province. Race 5 was found and scattered in Hebei and Henan Province. Race 9 was found in Shangqiu of Henan Province, which was reported for the first time in China. It can be seen that Race 1 and Race 4 were the two predominant races in Huang-Huai Valleys, and that research should focus on developing resistant cultivars of these races. There might exist other races in an area with some predominant races. The race substitution in the past decade was not obviously found, therefore, the results should be meaningful to future breeding for resistance to SCN in Huang-Huai Valleys.
基金the North Dakota Soybean Council USA for their funding support for the soybean cyst nematode research program
文摘Heterodera glycines （i.e., soybean cyst nematode, SCN） is the most damaging nematode pest affecting soybean crop worldwide. This nematode is managed by means of crop rotation with selected resistant sources. With increasing reports of virulent SCN populations that are able to break the resistance within commonly used sources, there is an increasing need to find new sources of resistance or to broaden the resistance background. This review summarizes recent findings about the genes controlling SCN resis- tance in soybean, and about how these genes interact to confer resistance against SCN in soybean. It also provides an update on molecular mapping and molecular markers that can be used for the mass selection and differentiation of different resistance lines and cultivars in order to expedite conventional breeding programs. In-depth knowledge of SCN parasitism proteins and soybean resistance responses to the pathogen is critical for the diversification of resistant sources through gene modification, gene stacking, or incorporation of novel sources of resistance through backcrossing or genetic engineering.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972248)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China(ASTIP-02IPP-04)。
文摘Soybean cyst nematode(SCN)Heterodera glycines is considered as the major constraint to soybean production.Gm SHMT08 at Rhg4 locus on chromosome 08,encoding a serine hydroxylmethyltransferase,is a major gene underlying resistance against H.glycines in Peking-type soybeans.However,the molecular mechanism underpinning this resistance is less well characterized,and whether Gm SHMT08 could interact with proteins in H.glycines remains unclear.In this study,yeast two-hybrid screening was conducted using Gm SHMT08 as a bait protein,and a fragment of a 70-kDa heat shock protein(Hg HSP70)was screened from H.glycines that exhibited interaction with Gm SHMT08.This interaction was verified by both GST pull-down and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays.Our finding reveals Hg HSP70 could be applied as a potential candidate gene for further exploring the mechanism on Gm SHMT08-mediated resistance against SCN H.glycines.
文摘大豆贮藏蛋白主要成分是7S和11S球蛋白,大豆贮藏蛋白组分及其亚基组成决定了蛋白质的品质和加工特性。本研究选用134对细胞核SSR标记,对166份栽培大豆微核心种质进行基因分型,运用一般线性回归(general linear model,GLM)和复合线性回归(mixed linear model,MLM)方法进行标记与性状的关联分析,定位大豆蛋白亚基的相关基因。结果表明,2年均检测到的且与蛋白亚基相关联的SSR位点有14个,以MLM方法检测到5个SSR位点(Sat_062、Satt583、Satt291、Satt234和Satt595)与蛋白亚基相关联;7S组分各亚基变异程度较大,是引起11S/7S变异的主要原因;表型变异较大的亚基可能因为相关基因进化中发生重组较多,LD衰减距离较小,导致检测到较少的相关位点。本研究结果对蛋白亚基相关性状的标记辅助选择育种有重要的利用价值。
