INTRODUCTIONFulminant hepatic failure(FHF)is a severe disease with devastating consequences;the incidence is high in China.Before the availability of liver transplantation,the mortality rate was more than 80%[1,2].The...INTRODUCTIONFulminant hepatic failure(FHF)is a severe disease with devastating consequences;the incidence is high in China.Before the availability of liver transplantation,the mortality rate was more than 80%[1,2].The advent of liver transplantation revolutionized the outcome of FHF[3,4].However,many patients were unwilling to accept liver transplantation until very late,hence most of them died because of donor shortage and urgency of the disease[5-7],To overcome he problems,we performed orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT)in combination with artificial liver support(ALS) in the treatment of FHF in the past 2 years with satisfactory results.Our experience was reported below.展开更多
AIM: To assess the efficacy and safety of TECA type hybrid artificial liver support system (TECA-HALSS) in providing liver function of detoxification, metabolism and physiology by treating the patients with acute live...AIM: To assess the efficacy and safety of TECA type hybrid artificial liver support system (TECA-HALSS) in providing liver function of detoxification, metabolism and physiology by treating the patients with acute liver failure (ALF). METHODS: The porcine liver cells (1-2) x 10(10) were separated from the Chinese small swine and cultured in the bioreactor of TECA-BALSS at 37.0 degrees C and circulated through the outer space of the hollow fiber tubes in BALSS. The six liver failure patients with various degree of hepatic coma were treated by TECA-HALSS and with conventional medicines. The venous plasma of the patients was separated by a plasma separator and treated by charcoal adsorbent or plasma exchange. The plasma circulated through the inner space of the hollow fiber tubes of BALSS and mixed with the patients' blood cells and flew back to their blood circulation. Some small molecular weight substances were exchanged between the plasma and porcine liver cells. Each treatment lasted 6.0-7.0 h. Physiological and biochemical parameters were measured before,during and after the treatment. RESULTS: The average of porcine liver cells was (1.0-3.0) x 10(10) obtained from each swine liver using our modified enzymatic digestion method. The survival rate of the cells was 85%-93% by trypan blue stain and AO/PI fluorescent stain. After cultured in TECA-BALSS bioreactor for 6 h, the survival rate of cells still remained 70%-85%. At the end of TECA-HALSS treatment, the levels of plasma NH(3), ALT, TB and DB were significantly decreased. The patients who were in the state of drowsiness or coma before the treatment improved their appetite significantly and regained consciousness, some patients resumed light physical work on a short period after the treatment.One to two days after the treatment, the ratio of PTA increased warkedly. During the treatment, the heart rates, blood pressure, respiration condition and serum electrolytes (K(+), Na(+) and Cl(-)) were stable without thrombosis and bleeding in all the six patients. CONCLUSION: TECA-HALSS treatment could be a rapid, safe and efficacious method to provide temporary liver support for patients with ALF.展开更多
The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of Japan＇s agricultural domestic policy since 1995 in the context of the current international negotiations in the WTO Doha Round, which has as one aim f...The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of Japan＇s agricultural domestic policy since 1995 in the context of the current international negotiations in the WTO Doha Round, which has as one aim further reductions of trade-distorting support among member countries. Apparently, Japan＇s attitude towards agricultural domestic policy reform is one of compliance with the WTO, which requests member countries to reduce their Aggregate Measure of Support （AMS） through trimming trade-distorting （amber box） support and/or transforming traditional-type agricultural subsidies to decoupled-type ones. Japan reduced its amber box support by nearly 80 percent between 1995 and 2000. This drastic reduction is mainly attributable to Japan＇s removal of rice from the amber box in 1998. In addition, following the WTO＇s principle of decoupling, Japan launched an extensive agricultural subsidy reform in 2007. This paper, however, shows the ironical realities of Japanese agricultural policy. Neither a sharp reduction of amber box support nor Japan＇s 2007 reform necessarily means there will be a reduction of trade-distorting effects. On the contrary, the 2007 reform may in fact stimulate domestic rice production.展开更多
This paper examines how advisors perceive the voices made by Mr.A(pseudonym),the founder of after-school support for children(Initiative Z:pseudonym)in Japan,to advisors who support children.Furthermore,the purpose of...This paper examines how advisors perceive the voices made by Mr.A(pseudonym),the founder of after-school support for children(Initiative Z:pseudonym)in Japan,to advisors who support children.Furthermore,the purpose of this study is to find out how advisors think about the voices and that the voices have led or not advisors to support children,if to do so,what points are key to continuing support for children.Therefore,in Initiative Z,I conducted a survey of two advisors who were approached by Mr.A,who is involved in supporting children as an advisor.As a result of analyzing the narratives obtained from interviews with the two advisors,it was found that the advisor had a sense of being recognized by Mr.A because Mr.A acknowledged the advisor’s way of life.This feeling on the part of the advisor led to trust in Mr.A,and the advisor was in tune with Mr.A’s thoughts on after-school support,suggesting that the advisor was providing support to the child.展开更多
For a given triangulation Δ of a region R of interest, let S_8~2(Δ): = {s∈C^2(R): s|_1∈P_8,l∈Δ} be the space of all splines of degree 8 and smoothness 2, where t denotes any triangle of Δ and P_8 the space of ...For a given triangulation Δ of a region R of interest, let S_8~2(Δ): = {s∈C^2(R): s|_1∈P_8,l∈Δ} be the space of all splines of degree 8 and smoothness 2, where t denotes any triangle of Δ and P_8 the space of polynomials of total degree≤8. Furthermore, let S_8~2(Δ):={s∈S_8~3(Δ):s∈C^3 at v, v∈Δ} be a super spline subspace of S_8~2(Δ). We construel a collection of locally supported splines in S_8~2(Δ) which can be used to achieve lhe full approximation order of S_8~2(Δ) and its cardinalily is less than the di- mension of super spline space space S_8~2(Δ).展开更多
The State Council Information Office published on September 27, 2009, a white paper entitled China＇ s Policies toward Minorities and Common Prosperity and Development of All Nationalities. The white paper says that t...The State Council Information Office published on September 27, 2009, a white paper entitled China＇ s Policies toward Minorities and Common Prosperity and Development of All Nationalities. The white paper says that the policies well fit the national conditions and are correct. They are instrumental to promoting harmonious coexistence of all nationalities that work with one heart and one mind and in mutual cooperation; they have helped open up a good national situation characterized by economic development, political stability,展开更多
采用 S 变换和支持向量机进行电能质量扰动的分类识别。作为连续小波变换和短时傅立叶变换的发展,S 变换引入了宽度与频率成反向变化的高斯窗,具有与频率相关的分辨率。由于 S 变换具有良好的时频特性,因而非常适合于进行电能质量扰动...采用 S 变换和支持向量机进行电能质量扰动的分类识别。作为连续小波变换和短时傅立叶变换的发展,S 变换引入了宽度与频率成反向变化的高斯窗,具有与频率相关的分辨率。由于 S 变换具有良好的时频特性,因而非常适合于进行电能质量扰动信号特征提取。首先通过 S 变换进行扰动信号特征提取,然后构造支持向量机分类树进行扰动分类。算例表明该方案具有分类准确率高,对噪声不敏感,训练样本少等优点,是电能质量扰动识别的有效方法。展开更多
An unsteady load calculation method for the support configuration of a monopile-supported offshore wind turbine is developed based on the Fluent software platform.Firstly,the water wave is generated by imposing the in...An unsteady load calculation method for the support configuration of a monopile-supported offshore wind turbine is developed based on the Fluent software platform.Firstly,the water wave is generated by imposing the inlet boundary conditions according to the exact potential flow solution.Then the wave evolution is simulated by solving the unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes(N-S)equations coupled with the volume of fluid method.For the small amplitude wave with reasonable wave parameters,the numerical wave result agrees well with that of the given wave model.Finally,a monopile support configuration is introduced and a CFD-based load calculation method is established to accurately calculate the unsteady load under the combined action of wave and wind.The computed unsteady wave load on a small-size monopile support located in the small amplitude wave flow coincides with that of the Morison formula.The load calculations are also performed on a large-size monopile support and a monopile-supported offshore wind turbine under the combined action of small amplitude wave and wind.展开更多
基金the grant of key Clinical Programme of China Ministry Public Health,No.97040230
文摘INTRODUCTIONFulminant hepatic failure(FHF)is a severe disease with devastating consequences;the incidence is high in China.Before the availability of liver transplantation,the mortality rate was more than 80%[1,2].The advent of liver transplantation revolutionized the outcome of FHF[3,4].However,many patients were unwilling to accept liver transplantation until very late,hence most of them died because of donor shortage and urgency of the disease[5-7],To overcome he problems,we performed orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT)in combination with artificial liver support(ALS) in the treatment of FHF in the past 2 years with satisfactory results.Our experience was reported below.
基金Supported by the Research Initiation Fund for Returned Students from Overseas,Ministry of Education,No.94001
文摘AIM: To assess the efficacy and safety of TECA type hybrid artificial liver support system (TECA-HALSS) in providing liver function of detoxification, metabolism and physiology by treating the patients with acute liver failure (ALF). METHODS: The porcine liver cells (1-2) x 10(10) were separated from the Chinese small swine and cultured in the bioreactor of TECA-BALSS at 37.0 degrees C and circulated through the outer space of the hollow fiber tubes in BALSS. The six liver failure patients with various degree of hepatic coma were treated by TECA-HALSS and with conventional medicines. The venous plasma of the patients was separated by a plasma separator and treated by charcoal adsorbent or plasma exchange. The plasma circulated through the inner space of the hollow fiber tubes of BALSS and mixed with the patients' blood cells and flew back to their blood circulation. Some small molecular weight substances were exchanged between the plasma and porcine liver cells. Each treatment lasted 6.0-7.0 h. Physiological and biochemical parameters were measured before,during and after the treatment. RESULTS: The average of porcine liver cells was (1.0-3.0) x 10(10) obtained from each swine liver using our modified enzymatic digestion method. The survival rate of the cells was 85%-93% by trypan blue stain and AO/PI fluorescent stain. After cultured in TECA-BALSS bioreactor for 6 h, the survival rate of cells still remained 70%-85%. At the end of TECA-HALSS treatment, the levels of plasma NH(3), ALT, TB and DB were significantly decreased. The patients who were in the state of drowsiness or coma before the treatment improved their appetite significantly and regained consciousness, some patients resumed light physical work on a short period after the treatment.One to two days after the treatment, the ratio of PTA increased warkedly. During the treatment, the heart rates, blood pressure, respiration condition and serum electrolytes (K(+), Na(+) and Cl(-)) were stable without thrombosis and bleeding in all the six patients. CONCLUSION: TECA-HALSS treatment could be a rapid, safe and efficacious method to provide temporary liver support for patients with ALF.
文摘The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of Japan＇s agricultural domestic policy since 1995 in the context of the current international negotiations in the WTO Doha Round, which has as one aim further reductions of trade-distorting support among member countries. Apparently, Japan＇s attitude towards agricultural domestic policy reform is one of compliance with the WTO, which requests member countries to reduce their Aggregate Measure of Support （AMS） through trimming trade-distorting （amber box） support and/or transforming traditional-type agricultural subsidies to decoupled-type ones. Japan reduced its amber box support by nearly 80 percent between 1995 and 2000. This drastic reduction is mainly attributable to Japan＇s removal of rice from the amber box in 1998. In addition, following the WTO＇s principle of decoupling, Japan launched an extensive agricultural subsidy reform in 2007. This paper, however, shows the ironical realities of Japanese agricultural policy. Neither a sharp reduction of amber box support nor Japan＇s 2007 reform necessarily means there will be a reduction of trade-distorting effects. On the contrary, the 2007 reform may in fact stimulate domestic rice production.
基金This research is a revised version of the free research presentation at the 42nd Annual Conference of the Japan Society for Lifelong Education,“Prospects for the Role of Advisors in After-School Support for Children”.We would like to express my deepest gratitude to everyone who cooperated with this research.
文摘This paper examines how advisors perceive the voices made by Mr.A(pseudonym),the founder of after-school support for children(Initiative Z:pseudonym)in Japan,to advisors who support children.Furthermore,the purpose of this study is to find out how advisors think about the voices and that the voices have led or not advisors to support children,if to do so,what points are key to continuing support for children.Therefore,in Initiative Z,I conducted a survey of two advisors who were approached by Mr.A,who is involved in supporting children as an advisor.As a result of analyzing the narratives obtained from interviews with the two advisors,it was found that the advisor had a sense of being recognized by Mr.A because Mr.A acknowledged the advisor’s way of life.This feeling on the part of the advisor led to trust in Mr.A,and the advisor was in tune with Mr.A’s thoughts on after-school support,suggesting that the advisor was providing support to the child.
文摘For a given triangulation Δ of a region R of interest, let S_8~2(Δ): = {s∈C^2(R): s|_1∈P_8,l∈Δ} be the space of all splines of degree 8 and smoothness 2, where t denotes any triangle of Δ and P_8 the space of polynomials of total degree≤8. Furthermore, let S_8~2(Δ):={s∈S_8~3(Δ):s∈C^3 at v, v∈Δ} be a super spline subspace of S_8~2(Δ). We construel a collection of locally supported splines in S_8~2(Δ) which can be used to achieve lhe full approximation order of S_8~2(Δ) and its cardinalily is less than the di- mension of super spline space space S_8~2(Δ).
文摘The State Council Information Office published on September 27, 2009, a white paper entitled China＇ s Policies toward Minorities and Common Prosperity and Development of All Nationalities. The white paper says that the policies well fit the national conditions and are correct. They are instrumental to promoting harmonious coexistence of all nationalities that work with one heart and one mind and in mutual cooperation; they have helped open up a good national situation characterized by economic development, political stability,
文摘采用 S 变换和支持向量机进行电能质量扰动的分类识别。作为连续小波变换和短时傅立叶变换的发展,S 变换引入了宽度与频率成反向变化的高斯窗,具有与频率相关的分辨率。由于 S 变换具有良好的时频特性,因而非常适合于进行电能质量扰动信号特征提取。首先通过 S 变换进行扰动信号特征提取,然后构造支持向量机分类树进行扰动分类。算例表明该方案具有分类准确率高,对噪声不敏感,训练样本少等优点,是电能质量扰动识别的有效方法。
基金supported partly by the National Basic Research Program of China("973"Program)(No.2014CB046200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11372135)the NUAA Fundamental Research Funds(No.NS2013005)
文摘An unsteady load calculation method for the support configuration of a monopile-supported offshore wind turbine is developed based on the Fluent software platform.Firstly,the water wave is generated by imposing the inlet boundary conditions according to the exact potential flow solution.Then the wave evolution is simulated by solving the unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes(N-S)equations coupled with the volume of fluid method.For the small amplitude wave with reasonable wave parameters,the numerical wave result agrees well with that of the given wave model.Finally,a monopile support configuration is introduced and a CFD-based load calculation method is established to accurately calculate the unsteady load under the combined action of wave and wind.The computed unsteady wave load on a small-size monopile support located in the small amplitude wave flow coincides with that of the Morison formula.The load calculations are also performed on a large-size monopile support and a monopile-supported offshore wind turbine under the combined action of small amplitude wave and wind.
