In the present study, we reported our experience with partial aortic root remodeling for root reconstruction in patients with acute type A dissection, which involves in non-coronary sinus and/or the right coronary sin...In the present study, we reported our experience with partial aortic root remodeling for root reconstruction in patients with acute type A dissection, which involves in non-coronary sinus and/or the right coronary sinus with just one trimmed Dacron graft. Between February 2001 and May 2010, we performed partial aortic root remodeling in 40 patients, who underwent emergency surgical intervention. The dissected sinuses were excised leaving a 3-5 mm rim of the aortic wall from the attached aortic valve cusps. A short piece （4-5 cm） of collagen coated woven polyester vascular prosthesis was trimmed with one or two ＂tongues＂ to reconstruct the non-coronary sinus and/ or the right coronary sinus, but without using separated patches. Additional procedures were including hemi-arch replacement in 11 patients, and total arch replacement plus stent-elephant trunk in 20 patients. The mean follow-up time was 36.4~3.6 months. In-hospital mortality was only 5.0% （2/40）; furthermore, 3 （8.6%） patients underwent re-operation of the aortic valve and 2 （5.7%） patients died during follow-up. At the end of follow-up, trivial or no aortic regurgitation was found in 33 patients, but mild aortic regurgitation was found in 2 patients. Our data suggest that the early and mid-term results of partial aortic root remodeling were favorable, and it restored valve durability and function. Thus, the use of technique for root reconstruction in patients with acute type A dissection should be vigorously encouraged.展开更多
Phosphorus is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and development.In response to phosphate(Pi)deficiency,plants rapidly produce a substitutive amount of root hairs;however,the mechanisms underlying Pi supply f...Phosphorus is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and development.In response to phosphate(Pi)deficiency,plants rapidly produce a substitutive amount of root hairs;however,the mechanisms underlying Pi supply for root hair growth remain unclear.Here,we observed that soybean(Glycine max)plants maintain a consistent level of Pi within root hairs even under external Pi deficiency.We therefore investigated the role of vacuole-stored Pi,a major Pi reservoir in plant cells,in supporting root hair growth under Pi-deficient conditions.Our findings indicated that two vacuolar Pi efflux(VPE)transporters,GmVPE1 and GmVPE2,remobilize vacuolar stored Pi to sustain cytosolic Pi content in root hair cells.Genetic analysis showed that double mutants of GmVPE1 and GmVPE2 exhibited reduced root hair growth under low Pi conditions.Moreover,GmVPE1 and GmVPE2 were highly expressed in root hairs,with their expression levels significantly upregulated by low Pi treatment.Further analysis revealed that GmRSL2(ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE 6-like 2),a transcription factor involved in root hair morphogenesis,directly binds to the promoter regions of GmVPE1 and GmVPE2,and promotes their expressions under low Pi conditions.Additionally,mutants lacking both GmRSL2 and its homolog GmRSL3 exhibited impaired root hair growth under low Pi stress,which was rescued by overexpressing either GmVPE1 or GmVPE2.Taken together,our study has identified a module comprising vacuolar Pi exporters and transcription factors responsible for remobilizing vacuolar Pi to support root hair growth in response to Pi deficiency in soybean.展开更多
文摘In the present study, we reported our experience with partial aortic root remodeling for root reconstruction in patients with acute type A dissection, which involves in non-coronary sinus and/or the right coronary sinus with just one trimmed Dacron graft. Between February 2001 and May 2010, we performed partial aortic root remodeling in 40 patients, who underwent emergency surgical intervention. The dissected sinuses were excised leaving a 3-5 mm rim of the aortic wall from the attached aortic valve cusps. A short piece （4-5 cm） of collagen coated woven polyester vascular prosthesis was trimmed with one or two ＂tongues＂ to reconstruct the non-coronary sinus and/ or the right coronary sinus, but without using separated patches. Additional procedures were including hemi-arch replacement in 11 patients, and total arch replacement plus stent-elephant trunk in 20 patients. The mean follow-up time was 36.4~3.6 months. In-hospital mortality was only 5.0% （2/40）; furthermore, 3 （8.6%） patients underwent re-operation of the aortic valve and 2 （5.7%） patients died during follow-up. At the end of follow-up, trivial or no aortic regurgitation was found in 33 patients, but mild aortic regurgitation was found in 2 patients. Our data suggest that the early and mid-term results of partial aortic root remodeling were favorable, and it restored valve durability and function. Thus, the use of technique for root reconstruction in patients with acute type A dissection should be vigorously encouraged.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China 32200216(to M.L.)National Natural Science Foundation of China 32370279(to M.L.)Northwest A&F University Start‐up Funding(to M.L.and W.L.).
文摘Phosphorus is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and development.In response to phosphate(Pi)deficiency,plants rapidly produce a substitutive amount of root hairs;however,the mechanisms underlying Pi supply for root hair growth remain unclear.Here,we observed that soybean(Glycine max)plants maintain a consistent level of Pi within root hairs even under external Pi deficiency.We therefore investigated the role of vacuole-stored Pi,a major Pi reservoir in plant cells,in supporting root hair growth under Pi-deficient conditions.Our findings indicated that two vacuolar Pi efflux(VPE)transporters,GmVPE1 and GmVPE2,remobilize vacuolar stored Pi to sustain cytosolic Pi content in root hair cells.Genetic analysis showed that double mutants of GmVPE1 and GmVPE2 exhibited reduced root hair growth under low Pi conditions.Moreover,GmVPE1 and GmVPE2 were highly expressed in root hairs,with their expression levels significantly upregulated by low Pi treatment.Further analysis revealed that GmRSL2(ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE 6-like 2),a transcription factor involved in root hair morphogenesis,directly binds to the promoter regions of GmVPE1 and GmVPE2,and promotes their expressions under low Pi conditions.Additionally,mutants lacking both GmRSL2 and its homolog GmRSL3 exhibited impaired root hair growth under low Pi stress,which was rescued by overexpressing either GmVPE1 or GmVPE2.Taken together,our study has identified a module comprising vacuolar Pi exporters and transcription factors responsible for remobilizing vacuolar Pi to support root hair growth in response to Pi deficiency in soybean.
