The stream power model was applied to Lushan Mt. in South China in order to verify its capability of interpreting the uplift of a small block mountain. On a log-log plot, the longitudinal profiles of 9 rivers derived ...The stream power model was applied to Lushan Mt. in South China in order to verify its capability of interpreting the uplift of a small block mountain. On a log-log plot, the longitudinal profiles of 9 rivers derived from a 30 m DEM exhibit primary characteristics similar to those derived from a 5 m DEM; however, the 5 m DEM clearly reveals more minor knickpoints, and the positions of knickpoints are pinpointed more accurately. All of the studied rivers on the block mountain are in a transient state due to geological perturbations. Some of them exhibit two segments in steady state separated by a slopebreak knickpoint. Such rivers generally develop in a longitudinal valley, which are less perturbed by substrate inhomogeneities. The similar heights of the slope-break knickpoints and the similar uplift rate indicated by the k_（sn） values demonstrate an almost simultaneous headward erosion induced by the fall in base level. This modelling result is consistent with the mode of formation of this particular block mountain. Our study demonstrates that the stream power model is applicable to a small tectonicallyactive massif only if the channel segments are in a steady state.展开更多
堰塞坝会对山区河流的纵剖面产生强烈扰动,在某些情况下,堰塞坝造成的河流纵剖面变陡很容易与构造作用下基准面下降的迁移裂点混淆。然而,在何种程度下堰塞坝会影响基于地貌测量的构造分析还没有系统的研究。因此本文选取青藏高原东缘...堰塞坝会对山区河流的纵剖面产生强烈扰动,在某些情况下,堰塞坝造成的河流纵剖面变陡很容易与构造作用下基准面下降的迁移裂点混淆。然而,在何种程度下堰塞坝会影响基于地貌测量的构造分析还没有系统的研究。因此本文选取青藏高原东缘的雅砻江流域为研究对象,利用遥感影像解译,结合数字高程模型(DEM),来研究堰塞坝对河流纵剖面的影响。通过遥感影像解译和部分野外判识,在雅砻江流域共发现了34个堰塞坝;同时利用TopoToolbox工具包,选用30 m SRTM DEM提取了雅砻江流域河流纵剖面、河流裂点、河流陡峭指数等地貌参数。分析结果表明,有18个堰塞坝与河流裂点在空间上重叠,其中有8个堰塞坝形成高差>100 m的裂点,对河流纵剖面有显著的影响,并发现滑坡坝比泥石流坝对河流纵剖面的影响更大。进一步分析雅砻江主干流及其支流力丘河,发现堰塞坝所在的河段河流陡峭指数相对较大;在排除岩性和断层活动的影响后,发现堰塞作用也能够解释河流裂点的成因。本研究结果指示,在利用DEMs来提取和分析区域构造信息时,必须考虑由堰塞坝引起的河流裂点的影响。展开更多
基金provided by the National Science Foundation of China grants(Grant No.J1210071,41671191 and 41571188)
文摘The stream power model was applied to Lushan Mt. in South China in order to verify its capability of interpreting the uplift of a small block mountain. On a log-log plot, the longitudinal profiles of 9 rivers derived from a 30 m DEM exhibit primary characteristics similar to those derived from a 5 m DEM; however, the 5 m DEM clearly reveals more minor knickpoints, and the positions of knickpoints are pinpointed more accurately. All of the studied rivers on the block mountain are in a transient state due to geological perturbations. Some of them exhibit two segments in steady state separated by a slopebreak knickpoint. Such rivers generally develop in a longitudinal valley, which are less perturbed by substrate inhomogeneities. The similar heights of the slope-break knickpoints and the similar uplift rate indicated by the k_（sn） values demonstrate an almost simultaneous headward erosion induced by the fall in base level. This modelling result is consistent with the mode of formation of this particular block mountain. Our study demonstrates that the stream power model is applicable to a small tectonicallyactive massif only if the channel segments are in a steady state.
文摘堰塞坝会对山区河流的纵剖面产生强烈扰动,在某些情况下,堰塞坝造成的河流纵剖面变陡很容易与构造作用下基准面下降的迁移裂点混淆。然而,在何种程度下堰塞坝会影响基于地貌测量的构造分析还没有系统的研究。因此本文选取青藏高原东缘的雅砻江流域为研究对象,利用遥感影像解译,结合数字高程模型(DEM),来研究堰塞坝对河流纵剖面的影响。通过遥感影像解译和部分野外判识,在雅砻江流域共发现了34个堰塞坝;同时利用TopoToolbox工具包,选用30 m SRTM DEM提取了雅砻江流域河流纵剖面、河流裂点、河流陡峭指数等地貌参数。分析结果表明,有18个堰塞坝与河流裂点在空间上重叠,其中有8个堰塞坝形成高差>100 m的裂点,对河流纵剖面有显著的影响,并发现滑坡坝比泥石流坝对河流纵剖面的影响更大。进一步分析雅砻江主干流及其支流力丘河,发现堰塞坝所在的河段河流陡峭指数相对较大;在排除岩性和断层活动的影响后,发现堰塞作用也能够解释河流裂点的成因。本研究结果指示,在利用DEMs来提取和分析区域构造信息时,必须考虑由堰塞坝引起的河流裂点的影响。
