Scientifically constructing an ecological security pattern(ESP)is an important spatial analysis approach to improve ecological functions in arid areas and achieve sustainable development.However,previous research meth...Scientifically constructing an ecological security pattern(ESP)is an important spatial analysis approach to improve ecological functions in arid areas and achieve sustainable development.However,previous research methods ignored the complex trade-offs between ecosystem services in the process of constructing ESP.Taking the mainstream of the Tarim River Basin(MTRB),China as the study area,this study set seven risk scenarios by applying Ordered Weighted Averaging(OWA)model to trade-off the importance of the four ecosystem services adopted by this study(water conservation,carbon storage,habitat quality,and biodiversity conservation),thereby identifying priority protection areas for ecosystem services.And then,this study identified ecological sources by integrating ecosystem service importance with eco-environmental sensitivity.Using circuit theory,the ecological corridors and nodes were extracted to construct the ESP.The results revealed significant spatial heterogeneity in the four ecosystem services across the study area,primarily driven by hydrological gradients and human activity intensity.The ESP of the MTRB included 34 ecological sources with a total area of 1471.38 km^(2),66 ecological corridors with a length of about 1597.45 km,11 ecological pinch points,and 13 ecological barrier points distributed on the ecological corridors.The spatial differentiation of the ESP was obvious,with the upper and middle reaches of the MTRB having a large number of ecological sources and exhibiting higher clustering of ecological corridors compared with the lower reaches.The upper and middle reaches require ecological protection to sustain the existing ecosystem,while the lower reaches need to carry out ecological restoration measures including desertification control.Overall,this study makes up for the shortcomings of constructing ESP simply by spatial superposition of ecosystem service functions and can effectively improve the robustness and stability of ESP construction.展开更多
Aims Riparian corridors play vital roles in the maintenance of biodiversity.Nonetheless,plant species diversity and vegetation coverage in riparian corridors are seriously threatened by increasing pressure owing to li...Aims Riparian corridors play vital roles in the maintenance of biodiversity.Nonetheless,plant species diversity and vegetation coverage in riparian corridors are seriously threatened by increasing pressure owing to livestock consumption and anthropogenic disturbance;even the stability of river courses has been threatened.The establishment of enclosures is a widely used strategy to restore degraded grassland ecosystems,but its impact on degraded herbaceous riparian vegetation and soil properties remains unclear.The aim of this study was to evaluate whether species composition,richness,diversity,and soil properties can be recovered by the enclosure.Methods Twenty long-term monitoring sample plots were set in the Liaohe main stream river,Liaohe main stream river was enclosed for grazing and farmland exclusion in 2012.The height,coverage and individual numbers of plant were recorded for species richness and diversity evaluation from 2012 to 2017;soil nutrients were measured for comparative analysis in 2012 and 2017.We examined the effects of the establishment of enclosures on plant species diversity and soil properties from 2012 to 2017 in the riparian corridors of the Liaohe River system in China.Important Findings Plant species richness and diversity significantly increased from 2012 to 2017.The dominance of Asteraceae plants increased,while the abundance of Gramineae plants decreased over time.The difference in abundance increased each year since enclosure was implemented in 2012.The concentrations of phosphorus and potassium in the soil significantly decreased as a result of the combined effects of vegetation restoration and prohibition of farming practices following the establishment of enclosures.There was also a lag time related to the response of soil organic matter to the establishment of enclosures.In conclusion,our study provides new evidence regarding the response of species diversity,species composition and soil properties following riparian vegetation restoration efforts through enclosure development.展开更多
基金funded by the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Tianshan Talent Training Program(2023TSYCLJ0047)the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2023D01D18)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Project of Xinjiang(2022B03024-1)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(2022DB023)。
文摘Scientifically constructing an ecological security pattern(ESP)is an important spatial analysis approach to improve ecological functions in arid areas and achieve sustainable development.However,previous research methods ignored the complex trade-offs between ecosystem services in the process of constructing ESP.Taking the mainstream of the Tarim River Basin(MTRB),China as the study area,this study set seven risk scenarios by applying Ordered Weighted Averaging(OWA)model to trade-off the importance of the four ecosystem services adopted by this study(water conservation,carbon storage,habitat quality,and biodiversity conservation),thereby identifying priority protection areas for ecosystem services.And then,this study identified ecological sources by integrating ecosystem service importance with eco-environmental sensitivity.Using circuit theory,the ecological corridors and nodes were extracted to construct the ESP.The results revealed significant spatial heterogeneity in the four ecosystem services across the study area,primarily driven by hydrological gradients and human activity intensity.The ESP of the MTRB included 34 ecological sources with a total area of 1471.38 km^(2),66 ecological corridors with a length of about 1597.45 km,11 ecological pinch points,and 13 ecological barrier points distributed on the ecological corridors.The spatial differentiation of the ESP was obvious,with the upper and middle reaches of the MTRB having a large number of ecological sources and exhibiting higher clustering of ecological corridors compared with the lower reaches.The upper and middle reaches require ecological protection to sustain the existing ecosystem,while the lower reaches need to carry out ecological restoration measures including desertification control.Overall,this study makes up for the shortcomings of constructing ESP simply by spatial superposition of ecosystem service functions and can effectively improve the robustness and stability of ESP construction.
基金supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program(2017YFC1200100)the special S&T project on treatment and control of water pollution(2012ZX07202-004)+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(31901209)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M641492)Liaoning Natural Science Foundation(20180551024)the Shenyang Science and Technology Bureau(SYSY2016-16,SYSY2017-010).
文摘Aims Riparian corridors play vital roles in the maintenance of biodiversity.Nonetheless,plant species diversity and vegetation coverage in riparian corridors are seriously threatened by increasing pressure owing to livestock consumption and anthropogenic disturbance;even the stability of river courses has been threatened.The establishment of enclosures is a widely used strategy to restore degraded grassland ecosystems,but its impact on degraded herbaceous riparian vegetation and soil properties remains unclear.The aim of this study was to evaluate whether species composition,richness,diversity,and soil properties can be recovered by the enclosure.Methods Twenty long-term monitoring sample plots were set in the Liaohe main stream river,Liaohe main stream river was enclosed for grazing and farmland exclusion in 2012.The height,coverage and individual numbers of plant were recorded for species richness and diversity evaluation from 2012 to 2017;soil nutrients were measured for comparative analysis in 2012 and 2017.We examined the effects of the establishment of enclosures on plant species diversity and soil properties from 2012 to 2017 in the riparian corridors of the Liaohe River system in China.Important Findings Plant species richness and diversity significantly increased from 2012 to 2017.The dominance of Asteraceae plants increased,while the abundance of Gramineae plants decreased over time.The difference in abundance increased each year since enclosure was implemented in 2012.The concentrations of phosphorus and potassium in the soil significantly decreased as a result of the combined effects of vegetation restoration and prohibition of farming practices following the establishment of enclosures.There was also a lag time related to the response of soil organic matter to the establishment of enclosures.In conclusion,our study provides new evidence regarding the response of species diversity,species composition and soil properties following riparian vegetation restoration efforts through enclosure development.
