In this paper,we propose a second-order moving-water equilibria preserving nonstaggered central scheme to solve the Ripa model via flux globalization.To maintain the moving-water steady states,we use the discrete sour...In this paper,we propose a second-order moving-water equilibria preserving nonstaggered central scheme to solve the Ripa model via flux globalization.To maintain the moving-water steady states,we use the discrete source terms proposed by Britton et al.(J Sci Comput,2020,82(2):Art 30)by incorporating the expression of the source terms as a whole into the flux gradient,which directly avoids the discrete complexity of the source terms in order to maintain the well-balanced properties of the scheme.In addition,since the nonstaggered central scheme requires re-projecting the updated values of the nonstaggered cells onto the staggered cells,we modify the calculation of the global variables by constructing ghost cells and alternating the values of the global variables with the water depths obtained from the solution through the nonlinear relationship between the global flux and the water depth.In order to maintain the second-order accuracy of the scheme on the time scale,we incorporate a new Runge-Kutta type time discretization in the evolution of the numerical solution for the nonstaggered cells.Meanwhile,we introduce the"draining"time step technique to ensure that the water depth is positive and that it satisfies mass conservation.Numerical experiments verify that the scheme is well-balanced,positivity-preserving and robust.展开更多
This article delves into the significance of Guido Reni’s Infant Bacchus,created during the Italian Baroque period.By examining historical and iconographic elements,the study aims to interpret the symbolism depicted ...This article delves into the significance of Guido Reni’s Infant Bacchus,created during the Italian Baroque period.By examining historical and iconographic elements,the study aims to interpret the symbolism depicted in the painting.The historical aspects include the birth of Dionysus or Bacchus in classical and Italian Renaissance imagery and literary and visual sources that influenced Reni’s solo painting.The iconographic components encompass the infant’s nude body,the child’s bodily functions,and the attributes associated with Bacchus,the God of Agriculture,Revelry,and Wine,such as the grapevines,grapes,ivy,glass flask,kantharos(wine cup),and wine barrel.The emblematic and cosmological associations of Bacchus’s divinity are considered as well.展开更多
A new record species Heterodera ripae was found in the rhizosphere soil of nettle(Urtica sp.)on the bank of the Mangniu River in Shenyang City,Liaoning Province,China.The new record species can be characterized by vul...A new record species Heterodera ripae was found in the rhizosphere soil of nettle(Urtica sp.)on the bank of the Mangniu River in Shenyang City,Liaoning Province,China.The new record species can be characterized by vulval cone bifenestrate with circular or subcircular semifenestrae,vulval slit length averaging 34.2μm,vulval bridge mostly broad,underbridge weak,bullae absent;the second-stage larvae stylet knobs rather wide and slightly projecting anteriorly,tail length averaging 43.7μm and hyaline region length averaging 22.3μm.展开更多
A new record species Heterodera ripae was found in the rhizosphere soil of nettle(Urtica sp.) on the bank of the Mangniu River in Shenyang City,Liaoning Province,China.The new record species can be characterized by vu...A new record species Heterodera ripae was found in the rhizosphere soil of nettle(Urtica sp.) on the bank of the Mangniu River in Shenyang City,Liaoning Province,China.The new record species can be characterized by vulval cone bifenestrate with circular or subcircular semifenestrae,vulval slit length averaging 34.2 μm,vulval bridge mostly broad,underbridge weak,bullae absent;the second-stage larvae stylet knobs rather wide and slightly projecting anteriorly,tail length averaging 43.7 μm and hyaline region length averaging 22.3 μm.展开更多
[目的]基于改良的对比蛋白提取结果的方法,探讨两种不同总蛋白提取方法对不同丰度蛋白提取得率的影响。[方法]小胶质细胞株N9总蛋白及商品化预染蛋白标准品,行聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE),三种常用图像软件定量免疫印迹结果,比较线性...[目的]基于改良的对比蛋白提取结果的方法,探讨两种不同总蛋白提取方法对不同丰度蛋白提取得率的影响。[方法]小胶质细胞株N9总蛋白及商品化预染蛋白标准品,行聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE),三种常用图像软件定量免疫印迹结果,比较线性相关系数R^2;选择R^2值最高的软件,灰密度定量不同丰度p-IκBα经RIPA裂解液法和Minute试剂盒法蛋白提取后免疫印迹检测的p-IκBα蛋白得率。[结果]三种软件定量分析同一免疫印迹结果显示,Image Studio Lite的上样量与条带灰密度值的R^2最大(R^2=0.998);运用Image Studio Lite定量免疫印迹检测p-IκBα高丰度组,发现使用RIPA裂解液法比Minute法的p-IκBα提取得率高出7.5%,而p-IκBα低丰度组,前者p-IκBα的得率只有后者的41%,差异显著(P<0.05)。[结论]Minute试剂盒法在免疫印迹检测中对低丰度蛋白具有高提取得率的优越性。展开更多
The innate immune response is the first line of host defense to eliminate viral infection. Pattern recognition receptors in the cytosol, such as RIG-I-like receptors （RLR） and Nod-like receptors （NLR）, and membran...The innate immune response is the first line of host defense to eliminate viral infection. Pattern recognition receptors in the cytosol, such as RIG-I-like receptors （RLR） and Nod-like receptors （NLR）, and membrane bound Toll like receptors （TLR） detect viral infection and initiate transcription of a cohort of antiviral genes, including interferon （IFN） and interferon stimulated genes （ISGs）, which ultimately block viral replication. Another mechanism to reduce viral spread is through RIPA, the RLR-induced IRF3-mediated pathway of apoptosis, which causes infected cells to undergo pre- mature death. The transcription factor IRF3 can mediate cellular antiviral responses by both inducing antiviral genes and triggering apoptosis through the activation of RIPA. The mechanism of IRF3 activation in RIPA is dis- tinct from that of transcriptional activation; it requires linear polyubiquitination of specific lysine residues of IRF3. Using RIPA-active, but transcriptionally inactive, IRF3 mutants, it was shown that RIPA can prevent viral replication and pathogenesis in mice.展开更多
In this work,we present a high-order discontinuous Galerkin method for the shallow water equations incorporating horizontal temperature gradients(also known as the Ripa model),which exactly maintains the lake at rest ...In this work,we present a high-order discontinuous Galerkin method for the shallow water equations incorporating horizontal temperature gradients(also known as the Ripa model),which exactly maintains the lake at rest steady state.Herein,we propose original numerical fluxes defined on the basis of the hydrostatic reconstruction idea and a simple source term approximation.This novel approach allows us to achieve the well-balancing of the discontinuous Galerkin method without complication.Moreover,the proposed method retains genuinely high-order accuracy for smooth solutions and it shows good resolution for discontinuous solutions at the same time.Rigorous numerical analysis as well as extensive numerical results all verify the good performances of the proposed method.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51879194)。
文摘In this paper,we propose a second-order moving-water equilibria preserving nonstaggered central scheme to solve the Ripa model via flux globalization.To maintain the moving-water steady states,we use the discrete source terms proposed by Britton et al.(J Sci Comput,2020,82(2):Art 30)by incorporating the expression of the source terms as a whole into the flux gradient,which directly avoids the discrete complexity of the source terms in order to maintain the well-balanced properties of the scheme.In addition,since the nonstaggered central scheme requires re-projecting the updated values of the nonstaggered cells onto the staggered cells,we modify the calculation of the global variables by constructing ghost cells and alternating the values of the global variables with the water depths obtained from the solution through the nonlinear relationship between the global flux and the water depth.In order to maintain the second-order accuracy of the scheme on the time scale,we incorporate a new Runge-Kutta type time discretization in the evolution of the numerical solution for the nonstaggered cells.Meanwhile,we introduce the"draining"time step technique to ensure that the water depth is positive and that it satisfies mass conservation.Numerical experiments verify that the scheme is well-balanced,positivity-preserving and robust.
文摘This article delves into the significance of Guido Reni’s Infant Bacchus,created during the Italian Baroque period.By examining historical and iconographic elements,the study aims to interpret the symbolism depicted in the painting.The historical aspects include the birth of Dionysus or Bacchus in classical and Italian Renaissance imagery and literary and visual sources that influenced Reni’s solo painting.The iconographic components encompass the infant’s nude body,the child’s bodily functions,and the attributes associated with Bacchus,the God of Agriculture,Revelry,and Wine,such as the grapevines,grapes,ivy,glass flask,kantharos(wine cup),and wine barrel.The emblematic and cosmological associations of Bacchus’s divinity are considered as well.
基金Agro-scientific Research in the public Interest(200903040-03)China Agriculture Research System(CARS-04)。
文摘A new record species Heterodera ripae was found in the rhizosphere soil of nettle(Urtica sp.)on the bank of the Mangniu River in Shenyang City,Liaoning Province,China.The new record species can be characterized by vulval cone bifenestrate with circular or subcircular semifenestrae,vulval slit length averaging 34.2μm,vulval bridge mostly broad,underbridge weak,bullae absent;the second-stage larvae stylet knobs rather wide and slightly projecting anteriorly,tail length averaging 43.7μm and hyaline region length averaging 22.3μm.
基金Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the public Interest (200903040-03)China Agriculture Research System(CARS-04)
文摘A new record species Heterodera ripae was found in the rhizosphere soil of nettle(Urtica sp.) on the bank of the Mangniu River in Shenyang City,Liaoning Province,China.The new record species can be characterized by vulval cone bifenestrate with circular or subcircular semifenestrae,vulval slit length averaging 34.2 μm,vulval bridge mostly broad,underbridge weak,bullae absent;the second-stage larvae stylet knobs rather wide and slightly projecting anteriorly,tail length averaging 43.7 μm and hyaline region length averaging 22.3 μm.
文摘[目的]基于改良的对比蛋白提取结果的方法,探讨两种不同总蛋白提取方法对不同丰度蛋白提取得率的影响。[方法]小胶质细胞株N9总蛋白及商品化预染蛋白标准品,行聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE),三种常用图像软件定量免疫印迹结果,比较线性相关系数R^2;选择R^2值最高的软件,灰密度定量不同丰度p-IκBα经RIPA裂解液法和Minute试剂盒法蛋白提取后免疫印迹检测的p-IκBα蛋白得率。[结果]三种软件定量分析同一免疫印迹结果显示,Image Studio Lite的上样量与条带灰密度值的R^2最大(R^2=0.998);运用Image Studio Lite定量免疫印迹检测p-IκBα高丰度组,发现使用RIPA裂解液法比Minute法的p-IκBα提取得率高出7.5%,而p-IκBα低丰度组,前者p-IκBα的得率只有后者的41%,差异显著(P<0.05)。[结论]Minute试剂盒法在免疫印迹检测中对低丰度蛋白具有高提取得率的优越性。
文摘The innate immune response is the first line of host defense to eliminate viral infection. Pattern recognition receptors in the cytosol, such as RIG-I-like receptors （RLR） and Nod-like receptors （NLR）, and membrane bound Toll like receptors （TLR） detect viral infection and initiate transcription of a cohort of antiviral genes, including interferon （IFN） and interferon stimulated genes （ISGs）, which ultimately block viral replication. Another mechanism to reduce viral spread is through RIPA, the RLR-induced IRF3-mediated pathway of apoptosis, which causes infected cells to undergo pre- mature death. The transcription factor IRF3 can mediate cellular antiviral responses by both inducing antiviral genes and triggering apoptosis through the activation of RIPA. The mechanism of IRF3 activation in RIPA is dis- tinct from that of transcriptional activation; it requires linear polyubiquitination of specific lysine residues of IRF3. Using RIPA-active, but transcriptionally inactive, IRF3 mutants, it was shown that RIPA can prevent viral replication and pathogenesis in mice.
基金support of the Natural Science Foundation of China through Grants No.11771228The author Qiang Niu is supported by the XJTLU research enhancement fund with No.REF-18-01-04 and the Key Programme Special Fund(KSF)in XJTLU with Nos.KSF-E-32,KSF-E-21 and KSF-P-02.
文摘In this work,we present a high-order discontinuous Galerkin method for the shallow water equations incorporating horizontal temperature gradients(also known as the Ripa model),which exactly maintains the lake at rest steady state.Herein,we propose original numerical fluxes defined on the basis of the hydrostatic reconstruction idea and a simple source term approximation.This novel approach allows us to achieve the well-balancing of the discontinuous Galerkin method without complication.Moreover,the proposed method retains genuinely high-order accuracy for smooth solutions and it shows good resolution for discontinuous solutions at the same time.Rigorous numerical analysis as well as extensive numerical results all verify the good performances of the proposed method.
