Objective: There are no detailed reports of three-dimensional measurement of abutment teeth in mastication, because it is knotty to observe the rotation in chewing directly, and inexact to estimate indirectly. This wo...Objective: There are no detailed reports of three-dimensional measurement of abutment teeth in mastication, because it is knotty to observe the rotation in chewing directly, and inexact to estimate indirectly. This work studies the three-dimensional stability of rigidly fixed bridge under the stresses of distributed loads and concentrated loads by optical method that gives the tip angle and rotation angle calculated directly based on measurement data. Methods: The specimen, taken from a 25-year-old male, was a left mandible without the second premolars and the first molars. As abutments, first premolar and second molar have complete periodontium. The specimen was soaked in formaldehyde solution. The bridge was fixed between two abutment teeth (first premolars and second molars), and the mandible was cemented in a steel box. The load was increased from 0 kg to 23 kg. Laser holographic technique was used to measure the three-dimensional bit shift of the dens, both buccolingual bit shift and mesiodistal bit shift, and determine tip angle and rotation angle. Results: The effects of stress distribution on the rigidly fixed bridge were evaluated, and stabilization of the bridge under the stresses of distributed loads and concentrated loads, respectively, were analyzed. The results showed that the tips of two abutments were very similar, and no distinct difference was observed between the distributed load and the concentrated load. However, the maximum rotation angle for the distributed load was two to four times as large as that for the concentrated load. In the experiment, the tip angle of the abutment teeth was no more than 0.65 degree, and the rotation angle was no more than 0.60 degree. All maximum angles occurred in the second molar. Conclusion: The fixed bridge is considered to be safe. In addition, a method for measuring the rotation angle was provided effectively.展开更多
In this paper we compute general-relativistic polytropic models simulating rigidly rotating, pulsating neutron stars. These relativistic compact objects, with a radius of ~10 km and mass between ~1.4 and 3.2 solar mas...In this paper we compute general-relativistic polytropic models simulating rigidly rotating, pulsating neutron stars. These relativistic compact objects, with a radius of ~10 km and mass between ~1.4 and 3.2 solar masses, are closely related to pulsars. We emphasize on computing the change in the pulsation eigenfrequencies owing to a rigid rotation, which, in turn, is a decisive issue for studying stability of such objects. In our computations, we keep rotational perturbation terms of up to second order in the angular velocity.展开更多
The understanding of anion transporting behaviors under sub-nanoconfined regimes can guide the design of high-performance anion selective membranes(ASMs),yet it is little known.Here,we build membrane channels that com...The understanding of anion transporting behaviors under sub-nanoconfined regimes can guide the design of high-performance anion selective membranes(ASMs),yet it is little known.Here,we build membrane channels that combine physical rigidity with chemical affinity to anions simply through bridging graphene oxide nanosheets with charged linkers.We observe that the rigidly confined interaction imposed by channels to anions can reconfigure hydration shells in varying degrees for different anions via compensating for hydration-induced energy barriers and differentiating their rearrangement behaviors.During the configuration evolution,water molecules within hydration shells would rotate and simultaneously change their distance from the ion center.Based on the big discrepancy in configuration evolution,these membranes can realize ultrahigh selectivity of,for example,125 for Cl^(-)/SO_(4)^(2-)and surpass the performance upper bound concerning Cl^(-)/SO_(4)^(2-)separation by other membranes.The knowledge of the configuration change of hydration shells during the dehydration process will be key to designing next-generation ASMs.展开更多
Background Computed tomography(CT) and cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT) image registration play pivotal roles in computer-assisted navigation for orthopedic surgery. Traditional methods often apply uniform deformat...Background Computed tomography(CT) and cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT) image registration play pivotal roles in computer-assisted navigation for orthopedic surgery. Traditional methods often apply uniform deformation models, neglecting the biomechanical differences between rigid structures and soft tissues, which compromises registration accuracy, especially during significant bone displacements. Method To address this issue, we introduce RE-Reg, a rigid-elastic CT-CBCT image registration framework that jointly learns rigid bone motion and soft tissue deformation. RE-Reg incorporates a rigid alignment(RA) module to estimate global bone motion and an elastic deformation(ED) module to model soft tissue deformation, preserving bony structures through bone shape preservation(BSP) loss. Result Our comprehensive evaluation on publicly available datasets demonstrates that RE-Reg significantly outperforms existing methods in terms of registration accuracy and rigid bone structure preservation, achieving a 1.3% improvement in Dice similarity coefficient(DSC) and a 23% reduction in rigid bone deformation(%Δvol) compared with the best baseline. Conclusion This framework not only enhances anatomical fidelity but also ensures biomechanical plausibility and provides a valuable tool for image-guided orthopedic surgery. This code is available athttps://github.com/Zq-Huang/RE-Reg.展开更多
Chiral amino acids(AAs)serve as essential building blocks of proteins and play vital physiological roles in living organisms.To achieve accurate,rapid,and high-throughput analysis of chiral AAs,this work proposed a me...Chiral amino acids(AAs)serve as essential building blocks of proteins and play vital physiological roles in living organisms.To achieve accurate,rapid,and high-throughput analysis of chiral AAs,this work proposed a methylbenzyl isocyanate(MBIC)derivatization strategy coupled with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry or trapped ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry.The integration of a chiral carbon atom with a rigid urea-based structure can significantly enhance the separation of chiral MBIC-labeled AA enantiomers.This phenomenon can be attributed to the labeled l-AAs allow the carboxyl group to form intramolecular hydrogen bonds with the amino group in the rigid urea-based structure,whereas labeled d-AAs are unable to form such bonds.The method based on MBIC derivatization coupled with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry achieved simultaneous separation of 19 pairs of chiral AAs using only a C18 column within 30 min,enabling quantitatively detect twelve types of chiral AAs in the serum of healthy humans and Parkinson's patients.The distribution of twenty-four chiral AAs is observed in mouse brain using MBIC labeling-based matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-trapped ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry imaging without prior separation.Our work elucidates the principles governing the separation of chiral AAs using derivatization methods,providing valuable guidance for the separation of chiral compounds.展开更多
Two viologen derivatives containing fluorine substituent(F)with an asymmetric structures,1,1'-bis(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-[4,4'-bipyridine]dihexafluorophosphate(DFPV)and 1-benzyl-1'-(4-(trifluoromethyl)...Two viologen derivatives containing fluorine substituent(F)with an asymmetric structures,1,1'-bis(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-[4,4'-bipyridine]dihexafluorophosphate(DFPV)and 1-benzyl-1'-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-[4,4'-bipyridine]di-hexafluorophosphate(Bn-FPV),were synthesized.These viologen derivatives as active materials were used to assemble both flexible and rigid electrochromic devices(ECDs).ECDs based on DFPV exhibited reversible color change from colorless to deep green and ECDs based on Bn-FPV exhibited reversible color change from colorless to blue-green within applied voltage.It was found that the devices based on DFPV showed cycle stability,which could still maintain more than 90% after 1000 cycles.In addition,the modulation rate of the device to the solar irradiance is also calculated to characterize its application potential in smart windows.Among them,the rigid device(R-DFPV)based on the DFPV has a large solar irradiance modulation rate of 54.66%,which has the potential to be used as smart windows.展开更多
Zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs)are inexpensive and safe,but side reactions on the Zn anode and Zn dendrite growth hinder their practical applications.In this study,1,3,5-triformylphloroglycerol(Tp)and various diamine monomer...Zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs)are inexpensive and safe,but side reactions on the Zn anode and Zn dendrite growth hinder their practical applications.In this study,1,3,5-triformylphloroglycerol(Tp)and various diamine monomers(p-phenylenediamine(Pa),benzidine(BD),and 4,4"-diamino-p-terphenyl(DATP))were used to synthesize a series of two-dimensional covalent-organic frameworks(COFs).The resulting COFs were named TpPa,TpBD,and TpDATP,respectively,and they showed uniform zincophilic sites,different pore sizes,and high Young's moduli on the Zn anode.Among them,TpPa and TpBD showed lower surface work functions and higher ion transfer numbers,which were conducive to uniform galvanizing/stripping zinc and inhibited dendrite growth.Theoretical calculations showed that TpPa and TpBD had wider negative potential region and greater adsorption capacity for Zn2+than TpDATP,providing more electron donor sites to coordinate with Zn^(2+).Symmetric cells protected by TpPa and TpBD stably cycled for more than 2300 h,whereas TpDATP@Zn and the bare zinc symmetric cells failed after around 150 and200 h.The full cells containing TpPa and TpBD modification layers also showed excellent cycling capacity at 1 A/g.This study provides comprehensive insights into the construction of highly reversible Zn anodes via COF modification layers for advanced rechargeable ZIBs.展开更多
Two CoⅡ-based complexes,{[Co(dps)_(2)(N_(3))_(2)]·H_(2)O}_n(1)and[Co(dps)_(2)(N_(3))_(2)]_n(2),show a 1D chain and a 3D network,respectively.The central CoⅡions in the complexes have the same coordination envir...Two CoⅡ-based complexes,{[Co(dps)_(2)(N_(3))_(2)]·H_(2)O}_n(1)and[Co(dps)_(2)(N_(3))_(2)]_n(2),show a 1D chain and a 3D network,respectively.The central CoⅡions in the complexes have the same coordination environment with the[Co(dps)_(4)(N_(3))_(2)]unit.Although the differences in crystal parameters are nearly negligible,their magnetic properties are very different.AC susceptibility data show that 1 behaves as a typical field-induced single-ion magnet(SIM)with the out-of-phase(χ_(M)”)signals,while 2 shows ac signals ofχ_(M)”without peaks even under applied dc filed within our measurement window.Far-IR magneto-spectra(FIRMS)show strong spin-phonon couplings at 0 T in 2,likely making the magnetic relaxation in 2 fast,while the couplings are negligible in 1.Small spin-phonon coupling in 1 likely leads to slower magnetic relaxation,making 1 a SIM.The difference in the properties is due to the structural rigidity of 2 in its 3D network,leading to stronger spin-phonon coupling.Combined high-field EPR(HF-EPR)and FIRMS studies give spin-Hamiltonian parameters,including D=64.0(9)cm^(-1),|E|=15.7(2)cm^(-1)for 1 and D=80.0(2)cm^(-1),|E|=19.0(1)cm^(-1)for 2.展开更多
The active sound absorption technique excels in mitigating low-frequency sound waves,yet it falls short when dealing with medium and high-frequency sound waves.To enhance the sound-absorbing effect of medium and high-...The active sound absorption technique excels in mitigating low-frequency sound waves,yet it falls short when dealing with medium and high-frequency sound waves.To enhance the sound-absorbing effect of medium and high-frequency sound waves,a novel semi-active sound absorption method has been introduced.This method modulates the surface impedance of a loudspeaker positioned behind the sound-absorbing material,thereby altering the sound absorption coefficient.The theoretical sound absorption coefficient is calculated using MATLAB and compared with the experimental one.Results show that the method can effectively modulates the absorption coefficient in response to varying incident sound wave frequencies,ensuring that it remains at its peak value.展开更多
Five cadmium naphthalene-diphosphonates,formulated as[Cd_(1.5)(1,4-ndpaH_(2))2(4,4'-bpyH)(4,4'-bpy)0.5(H_(2)O)_(2)]2(1),[Cd(1,4-ndpaH_(2))(1,4-bib)0.5(H_(2)O)](2),[Cd(1,4-ndpaH3)2(1,2-dpe)(H_(2)O)]·(1,2-d...Five cadmium naphthalene-diphosphonates,formulated as[Cd_(1.5)(1,4-ndpaH_(2))2(4,4'-bpyH)(4,4'-bpy)0.5(H_(2)O)_(2)]2(1),[Cd(1,4-ndpaH_(2))(1,4-bib)0.5(H_(2)O)](2),[Cd(1,4-ndpaH3)2(1,2-dpe)(H_(2)O)]·(1,2-dpe)·7H_(2)O(3),(1,2-bixH)[Cd3(1,4-ndpaH)(1,4-ndpaH_(2))2(H_(2)O)_(2)](4),and[Cd(1,4-ndpaH_(2))(H_(2)O)]·H_(2)O(5),have been synthesized from the selfassembly reactions of 1,4-naphthalenediphosphonic acid(1,4-ndpaH4)with Cd(NO3)2·4H_(2)O by introducing auxiliary ligands with variation of rigidity,such as 4,4'-bipyridine(4,4'-bpy),1,4-bis(1-imidazolyl)benzene(1,4-bib),1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene(1,2-dpe),1,3-di(4-pyridyl)propane(1,3-dpp),and bis(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene(1,2-bix),respectively.Structure resolution by single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that compound 1 possesses a layered framework,in which the{Cd3(PO2)2}trimers made up of corner-sharing two{CdO4N2}and one{CdO6}octahedra are connected by phosphonate groups,forming a ribbon,which are cross-linked by 4,4'-bipy ligands,forming a 2D layer.Compound 2 shows a 3D open-framework structure,where chains of corner-sharing{CdO4N}trigonal bipyramids and{PO3C}tetrahedra are cross-linked by 1,4-bib and/or phosphonate groups.A 1D ladder-like chain structure is found in compound 3,where the ladder-like chains made up of corner-sharing{CdO5N}octahedra and{PO3C}tetra hedra are connected by 1,4-ndpaH_(2)^(2-).Both compounds 4 and 5 obtained by the introduction of flexible ligands during the synthesis show a 2D layered structure,which is formed by ligand crosslinking double metal chains.Interestingly,In 4,flexible 1,2-bix was singly protonated,as vip molecules,filled between layer and layer,while flexible ligand 1,3-dpp is absent in 5.Photophysical measurements indicate that compounds 1-5 show ligand-centered emissions.展开更多
The titanium alloy strut serves as a key load-bearing component of aircraft landing gear,typically manufactured via forging.The friction condition has important influence on material flow and cavity filling during the...The titanium alloy strut serves as a key load-bearing component of aircraft landing gear,typically manufactured via forging.The friction condition has important influence on material flow and cavity filling during the forging process.Using the previously optimized shape and initial position of preform,the influence of the friction condition(friction factor m=0.1–0.3)on material flow and cavity filling was studied by numerical method with a shear friction model.A novel filling index was defined to reflect material flow into left and right flashes and zoom in on friction-induced results.The results indicate that the workpiece moves rigidly to the right direction,with the displacement decreasing as m increases.When m<0.18,the underfilling defect will occur in the left side of strut forging,while overflow occurs in the right forging die cavity.By combining the filling index and analyses of material flow and filling status,a reasonable friction factor interval of m=0.21–0.24 can be determined.Within this interval,the cavity filling behavior demonstrates robustness,with friction fluctuations exerting minimal influence.展开更多
From[J.Differential Geom.,1990,31(1):285-299],one can obtain that compact self-shrinking hypersufaces in R^(n+1) with constant scalar curvature must be the standard sphere S^(n)(√n)(cf.[Front.Math.,2023,18(2):417-430...From[J.Differential Geom.,1990,31(1):285-299],one can obtain that compact self-shrinking hypersufaces in R^(n+1) with constant scalar curvature must be the standard sphere S^(n)(√n)(cf.[Front.Math.,2023,18(2):417-430]).This result was generalized by Guo[J.Math.Soc.Japan,2018,70(3):1103-1110]with assumption of a lower or upper scalar curvature bound.In this paper,we will generalize the scalar curvature rigidity theorem of Guo to the case of λ-hypersurfaces.We will also give an alternative proof of the theorem(cf.[2014,arXiv:1410.5302]and[Proc.Amer.Math.Soc.,2018,146(10):4459-4471])that λ-hypersurfaces which are entire graphs must be hyperplanes.展开更多
Hyperuricemia(HUA)is a metabolic disease characterized by high levels of uric acid(UA)in the blood and varying degrees of kidney damage.Desirable nanoliposomes should simultaneously exhibit efficient biocompatibility ...Hyperuricemia(HUA)is a metabolic disease characterized by high levels of uric acid(UA)in the blood and varying degrees of kidney damage.Desirable nanoliposomes should simultaneously exhibit efficient biocompatibility and effective drug delivery.However,they both usually require special structural properties.Herein,we propose a strategy to prepare nanoliposomes with varying rigidity by replacing cholesterol(CH)with phytosterol esters(PE).The results showed that the particle size of PE naringenin nanoliposomes(PE-NAR)was 179.5 nm,and the encapsulation efficiency(EE)was 79.93%.In atomic force microscopy(AFM)tests,PE-NAR showed a 1-fold increase in rigidity compared to CH naringenin nanoliposomes(CH-NAR).By observing the effects of naringenin nanoliposomes(NAR-NLs)on the physiological and biochemical indicators in HUA mice,we explore its impact on kidney damage and inflammatory pathways in HUA mice.The results show that NAR-NLs significantly inhibit UA levels and improve kidney damage.Compared to oral naringenin,NAR-NLs generally enhance the in vivo antioxidant effects of naringenin.Furthermore,high-rigidity PE-NAR downregulated the renal inflammatory factor interleukin-1β(IL-1β)to 6.67%,demonstrating the highest inhibitory effect.Further experiments have demonstrated that naringenin exerts a protective effect in kidney injury by inhibiting the activation of NOD like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome and reducing oxidative stress within the body.In summary,by adjusting the rigidity of the nanoliposomes,the oral administration of naringenin can effectively improve the alleviation of HUA.展开更多
BACKGROUND Foreign body(FB)ingestion is one of the most challenging clinical situations faced by endoscopists.Most esophageal FB impaction emergencies occur in children.It is important to study the epidemiological pro...BACKGROUND Foreign body(FB)ingestion is one of the most challenging clinical situations faced by endoscopists.Most esophageal FB impaction emergencies occur in children.It is important to study the epidemiological profile and endoscopic methods for treating FB impacted in the esophagus of children,as it can help in the development of more effective,safe and personalized preventive and therapeutic strategies.AIM To define the profile of children seeking emergency care due to FB impaction in the esophagus,analyze factors associated with complications,and evaluate the effectiveness of rigid(RE)and flexible endoscopes(FE).METHODS A retrospective cohort study of 166 children with impacted FB in the esophagus who underwent an endoscopy(FE=84 vs RE=82)at the Dr.JoséFrota Institute was performed.The primary outcomes were to assess the efficacy of the endoscopic technique and factors associated with complications.The secondary outcomes were age group,gender,symptoms,length of hospital stay,and location of the FB.RESULTS Boys(66.9%),preschoolers(43.4%),FB>24 hours(62.7%),cervical esophagus(60.8%),coin ingestion(57.2%)and complaints of dysphagia(24.9%)and sialorrhea(23.1%)were the predominant findings.Endoscopy was successful(90.4%)with sedation(89.1%).A total of 97%of patients were discharged from the hospital,while 3%died.The average hospital stay length was 2.6 days.Most patients did not experience complications predominated(64.5%).Esophageal perforations were more frequent after RE(11%vs 4.8%),while FE was more effective(95.2%vs 85.4%).Theχ2 test or Fisher's exact test was used to compare categorical variables.For continuous variables,the Kruskal-Wallis test or analysis of variance was used.Statistical analyses were performed in R®software(version 1.3.1093).CONCLUSION Coins were the most frequent FBs and were mainly lodged in the upper esophagus of preschool boys.Risk factors for complications due to esophageal FB include battery ingestion,delayed removal(>48 hours)and lodging in the thoracic esophagus.FE was generally more effective than RE for removing FBs;both procedures are safe.展开更多
To improve the rigidity and flexibility of conventional grouting materials,one visionary approach is to replace Portland cement with a composite cementitious system containing circulating fluidized bed fly ash(CFBFA)a...To improve the rigidity and flexibility of conventional grouting materials,one visionary approach is to replace Portland cement with a composite cementitious system containing circulating fluidized bed fly ash(CFBFA)and calcium carbide slag(CS),while adding ethylene-vinyl acetate(EVA)copolymer and CO_(2)as modifiers to enhance its properties.In this research,CFBFA and CS assumed the role of cementitious constituents,with EVA and CO_(2)serving as the modifying agent.A comprehensive exploration of the mechanism underlying the CO_(2)+EVA modified composite cementitious system was undertaken,delving into the differences of its compressive,bending,and flexural strengths.The addition of CO_(2)further improved the flexibility and rigidity of the materials and effectively improve the material's microstructure.It was worth noting that when CO_(2)+EVA co-modified CFBFA-CS composite cementitious materials,the flexibility and rigidity of the cementitious materials were significantly enhanced,and the bending strength,flexural strength and compressive strength were significantly increased by 48.76%,166.7%and 40.56%,respectively,and the 28 d density was reduced by 6.91%.These results provided a theoretical basis for the realization of avant-garde cementitious materials with functional properties.展开更多
This review takes stock of China’s Double Reduction.In the short run,it lowered visible burden and pushed demand from subject tutoring toward on-campus and non-subject services.But with high-stakes selection unchange...This review takes stock of China’s Double Reduction.In the short run,it lowered visible burden and pushed demand from subject tutoring toward on-campus and non-subject services.But with high-stakes selection unchanged,demand reappears as small-group/one-to-one provision,advantaging families with high socioeconomic status and strong schools.Lasting relief will require tighter oversight and admissions reform with targeted,well-funded in-school support.展开更多
Interventional pulmonology(IP)represents a rapidly growing and developing subspecialty within pulmonary medicine.To the intensivist,given the elaborate undertakings with respect to airway,lung and pleural disease mana...Interventional pulmonology(IP)represents a rapidly growing and developing subspecialty within pulmonary medicine.To the intensivist,given the elaborate undertakings with respect to airway,lung and pleural disease management-IP has shown an increasing presence and remain a major ally in the care of these pa-tients.Thus,an understanding of the different roles that IP could offer to the intensivist is of prime importance in the multi-disciplinary care of the complex patients within the intensive care units,particularly in relation to lung,airway and pleural diseases.This review article will explore the different intersections of IP in critical care and discuss the applications of this discipline within the highly complex critical care environment.展开更多
Inflatable deployable structures inspired by origami have significant applications in space missions such as solar arrays and antennas.In this paper,a generalized Miura-ori tubular cell(GMTC)is presented as the basic ...Inflatable deployable structures inspired by origami have significant applications in space missions such as solar arrays and antennas.In this paper,a generalized Miura-ori tubular cell(GMTC)is presented as the basic cell to design a family of inflatable origami tubular structures with the targeted configuration.First,the classification of rigid foldable degree-4 vertices is studied thoroughly.Since the proposed GMTC is comprised of forming units(FU)and linking units(LU),types of FUs and LUs are investigated based on the classification of degree-4 vertices,respectively.The rigid foldability of the GMTC is presented by studying the kinematics of the FUs and LUs.Volume of the GMTC is analyzed to investigate multistable configurations of the basic cell.The variations in volume of the GMTC offer great potential for developing the inflatable tubular structure.Design method and parametric optimization of the tubular structure with targeted configuration are proposed.The feasibility of the approach is validated by the approximation of four different cases,namely parabolic,semicircular,trapezoidal,and straight-arc hybrid tubular structures.展开更多
On April 2,the United States announced the implementation of the so-called“reciprocal tariffs”plan.Combined with factors such as the OPEC+plan to increase production starting in May,this led to a continuous plunge i...On April 2,the United States announced the implementation of the so-called“reciprocal tariffs”plan.Combined with factors such as the OPEC+plan to increase production starting in May,this led to a continuous plunge in the benchmark oil prices of WTI and Brent over the subsequent three trading days.Despite the significant impact of the United States’“reciprocal tariffs”plan on the global political and economic landscape,the fundamental dynamics of supply and demand remain the decisive factors in the fluctuations of international oil prices.The current trend of international oil price fluctuations is still primarily driven by the supply side,with both supply and demand factors playing a role.Investment,costs,and resource constraints on the supply side do not allow for a significant increase in crude oil production,while“consumption rigidity”on the demand side does not permit a significant decrease in crude oil demand.As a result,International oil prices are expected to fluctuate in the short term,but a significant decline is unlikely to be sustained in the near to medium term.In this context,Chinese oil companies should focus on four key areas to ensure the security of national oil and gas supplies:first,promoting high-quality increases in domestic oil and gas reserves and production;second,steadily strengthening the acquisition of overseas oil and gas resources;third,continuously driving innovation in oil and gas exploration and development technologies;fourth,enhancing the capacity for domestic oil and gas reserves in an orderly manner.展开更多
The presentation of a foreign body in the lower urinary tract is a challenging urological emergency with highly variable management approaches.A retrospective cohort study was undertaken to identify the patients who p...The presentation of a foreign body in the lower urinary tract is a challenging urological emergency with highly variable management approaches.A retrospective cohort study was undertaken to identify the patients who presented with selfinserted genitourethral foreign body to adult tertiary centers within our local health network(Southern Adelaide Local Health Network,Adelaide,Australia)from October 2002 to October 2022.Patient demographics,type of foreign body,psychiatric comorbidities,retrieval techniques,complications,and readmission data were extracted.Twenty-seven cases were identified with a median age of 44 years.Twenty-three(85.2%)were male and 4(14.8%)were female.Ten patients(37.0%)had a concurrent psychiatric illness.The most commonly inserted foreign bodies were plastic tubes/wires(29.6%).Twenty cases(74.1%)were retrieved endoscopically.Three patients(11.1%)required open cystotomy and one underwent a transperineal urethrotomy.Four patients(14.8%)represented after discharge.Two patients had repeat presentations for genitourinary foreign body insertion.A significant monotonic positive trend of foreign body presentations was identified(Mann–Kendall tau=0.95,P=0.043).Presentations of genitourethral foreign body insertions have trended upward over the past two decades.However,most cases were successfully managed endoscopically.展开更多
基金the Science Research Foundation of Ministry of Health of China (No. WKJ2006-2-003)the Department of Education of Zhejiang Province (No. 20010505) the Science and Technol-ogy Department of Zhejiang Province (No. 2003C30044), China
文摘Objective: There are no detailed reports of three-dimensional measurement of abutment teeth in mastication, because it is knotty to observe the rotation in chewing directly, and inexact to estimate indirectly. This work studies the three-dimensional stability of rigidly fixed bridge under the stresses of distributed loads and concentrated loads by optical method that gives the tip angle and rotation angle calculated directly based on measurement data. Methods: The specimen, taken from a 25-year-old male, was a left mandible without the second premolars and the first molars. As abutments, first premolar and second molar have complete periodontium. The specimen was soaked in formaldehyde solution. The bridge was fixed between two abutment teeth (first premolars and second molars), and the mandible was cemented in a steel box. The load was increased from 0 kg to 23 kg. Laser holographic technique was used to measure the three-dimensional bit shift of the dens, both buccolingual bit shift and mesiodistal bit shift, and determine tip angle and rotation angle. Results: The effects of stress distribution on the rigidly fixed bridge were evaluated, and stabilization of the bridge under the stresses of distributed loads and concentrated loads, respectively, were analyzed. The results showed that the tips of two abutments were very similar, and no distinct difference was observed between the distributed load and the concentrated load. However, the maximum rotation angle for the distributed load was two to four times as large as that for the concentrated load. In the experiment, the tip angle of the abutment teeth was no more than 0.65 degree, and the rotation angle was no more than 0.60 degree. All maximum angles occurred in the second molar. Conclusion: The fixed bridge is considered to be safe. In addition, a method for measuring the rotation angle was provided effectively.
文摘In this paper we compute general-relativistic polytropic models simulating rigidly rotating, pulsating neutron stars. These relativistic compact objects, with a radius of ~10 km and mass between ~1.4 and 3.2 solar masses, are closely related to pulsars. We emphasize on computing the change in the pulsation eigenfrequencies owing to a rigid rotation, which, in turn, is a decisive issue for studying stability of such objects. In our computations, we keep rotational perturbation terms of up to second order in the angular velocity.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFB3805102)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22278105, 21978062)。
文摘The understanding of anion transporting behaviors under sub-nanoconfined regimes can guide the design of high-performance anion selective membranes(ASMs),yet it is little known.Here,we build membrane channels that combine physical rigidity with chemical affinity to anions simply through bridging graphene oxide nanosheets with charged linkers.We observe that the rigidly confined interaction imposed by channels to anions can reconfigure hydration shells in varying degrees for different anions via compensating for hydration-induced energy barriers and differentiating their rearrangement behaviors.During the configuration evolution,water molecules within hydration shells would rotate and simultaneously change their distance from the ion center.Based on the big discrepancy in configuration evolution,these membranes can realize ultrahigh selectivity of,for example,125 for Cl^(-)/SO_(4)^(2-)and surpass the performance upper bound concerning Cl^(-)/SO_(4)^(2-)separation by other membranes.The knowledge of the configuration change of hydration shells during the dehydration process will be key to designing next-generation ASMs.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62025104,62331005,and U22A2052)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.L242100).
文摘Background Computed tomography(CT) and cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT) image registration play pivotal roles in computer-assisted navigation for orthopedic surgery. Traditional methods often apply uniform deformation models, neglecting the biomechanical differences between rigid structures and soft tissues, which compromises registration accuracy, especially during significant bone displacements. Method To address this issue, we introduce RE-Reg, a rigid-elastic CT-CBCT image registration framework that jointly learns rigid bone motion and soft tissue deformation. RE-Reg incorporates a rigid alignment(RA) module to estimate global bone motion and an elastic deformation(ED) module to model soft tissue deformation, preserving bony structures through bone shape preservation(BSP) loss. Result Our comprehensive evaluation on publicly available datasets demonstrates that RE-Reg significantly outperforms existing methods in terms of registration accuracy and rigid bone structure preservation, achieving a 1.3% improvement in Dice similarity coefficient(DSC) and a 23% reduction in rigid bone deformation(%Δvol) compared with the best baseline. Conclusion This framework not only enhances anatomical fidelity but also ensures biomechanical plausibility and provides a valuable tool for image-guided orthopedic surgery. This code is available athttps://github.com/Zq-Huang/RE-Reg.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22404023,22274021,and 22036001).
文摘Chiral amino acids(AAs)serve as essential building blocks of proteins and play vital physiological roles in living organisms.To achieve accurate,rapid,and high-throughput analysis of chiral AAs,this work proposed a methylbenzyl isocyanate(MBIC)derivatization strategy coupled with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry or trapped ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry.The integration of a chiral carbon atom with a rigid urea-based structure can significantly enhance the separation of chiral MBIC-labeled AA enantiomers.This phenomenon can be attributed to the labeled l-AAs allow the carboxyl group to form intramolecular hydrogen bonds with the amino group in the rigid urea-based structure,whereas labeled d-AAs are unable to form such bonds.The method based on MBIC derivatization coupled with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry achieved simultaneous separation of 19 pairs of chiral AAs using only a C18 column within 30 min,enabling quantitatively detect twelve types of chiral AAs in the serum of healthy humans and Parkinson's patients.The distribution of twenty-four chiral AAs is observed in mouse brain using MBIC labeling-based matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-trapped ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry imaging without prior separation.Our work elucidates the principles governing the separation of chiral AAs using derivatization methods,providing valuable guidance for the separation of chiral compounds.
基金Funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong(Nos.2014A030313241,2014B090901068,and 2016A010103003)。
文摘Two viologen derivatives containing fluorine substituent(F)with an asymmetric structures,1,1'-bis(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-[4,4'-bipyridine]dihexafluorophosphate(DFPV)and 1-benzyl-1'-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-[4,4'-bipyridine]di-hexafluorophosphate(Bn-FPV),were synthesized.These viologen derivatives as active materials were used to assemble both flexible and rigid electrochromic devices(ECDs).ECDs based on DFPV exhibited reversible color change from colorless to deep green and ECDs based on Bn-FPV exhibited reversible color change from colorless to blue-green within applied voltage.It was found that the devices based on DFPV showed cycle stability,which could still maintain more than 90% after 1000 cycles.In addition,the modulation rate of the device to the solar irradiance is also calculated to characterize its application potential in smart windows.Among them,the rigid device(R-DFPV)based on the DFPV has a large solar irradiance modulation rate of 54.66%,which has the potential to be used as smart windows.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62464010)Spring City Plan-Special Program for Young Talents(K202005007)+3 种基金Yunnan Talents Support Plan for Yong Talents(XDYC-QNRC-2022-0482)Yunnan Local Colleges Applied Basic Research Projects(202101BA070001-138)Key Laboratory of Artificial Microstructures in Yunnan Higher EducationFrontier Research Team of Kunming University 2023。
文摘Zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs)are inexpensive and safe,but side reactions on the Zn anode and Zn dendrite growth hinder their practical applications.In this study,1,3,5-triformylphloroglycerol(Tp)and various diamine monomers(p-phenylenediamine(Pa),benzidine(BD),and 4,4"-diamino-p-terphenyl(DATP))were used to synthesize a series of two-dimensional covalent-organic frameworks(COFs).The resulting COFs were named TpPa,TpBD,and TpDATP,respectively,and they showed uniform zincophilic sites,different pore sizes,and high Young's moduli on the Zn anode.Among them,TpPa and TpBD showed lower surface work functions and higher ion transfer numbers,which were conducive to uniform galvanizing/stripping zinc and inhibited dendrite growth.Theoretical calculations showed that TpPa and TpBD had wider negative potential region and greater adsorption capacity for Zn2+than TpDATP,providing more electron donor sites to coordinate with Zn^(2+).Symmetric cells protected by TpPa and TpBD stably cycled for more than 2300 h,whereas TpDATP@Zn and the bare zinc symmetric cells failed after around 150 and200 h.The full cells containing TpPa and TpBD modification layers also showed excellent cycling capacity at 1 A/g.This study provides comprehensive insights into the construction of highly reversible Zn anodes via COF modification layers for advanced rechargeable ZIBs.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFA1600304)Joint Fund for Regional Innovation and Development(No.U20A2073)+4 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22373048,21973038,61904119 and 22105089)Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry(No.20212BCD42018)US National Science Foundation(NSF,No.CHE-2055499)the Interdisciplinary program of Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center(No.WHMFC202133)the support of the NSF Research Traineeship Program(No.DGE-2152168)。
文摘Two CoⅡ-based complexes,{[Co(dps)_(2)(N_(3))_(2)]·H_(2)O}_n(1)and[Co(dps)_(2)(N_(3))_(2)]_n(2),show a 1D chain and a 3D network,respectively.The central CoⅡions in the complexes have the same coordination environment with the[Co(dps)_(4)(N_(3))_(2)]unit.Although the differences in crystal parameters are nearly negligible,their magnetic properties are very different.AC susceptibility data show that 1 behaves as a typical field-induced single-ion magnet(SIM)with the out-of-phase(χ_(M)”)signals,while 2 shows ac signals ofχ_(M)”without peaks even under applied dc filed within our measurement window.Far-IR magneto-spectra(FIRMS)show strong spin-phonon couplings at 0 T in 2,likely making the magnetic relaxation in 2 fast,while the couplings are negligible in 1.Small spin-phonon coupling in 1 likely leads to slower magnetic relaxation,making 1 a SIM.The difference in the properties is due to the structural rigidity of 2 in its 3D network,leading to stronger spin-phonon coupling.Combined high-field EPR(HF-EPR)and FIRMS studies give spin-Hamiltonian parameters,including D=64.0(9)cm^(-1),|E|=15.7(2)cm^(-1)for 1 and D=80.0(2)cm^(-1),|E|=19.0(1)cm^(-1)for 2.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51705545)。
文摘The active sound absorption technique excels in mitigating low-frequency sound waves,yet it falls short when dealing with medium and high-frequency sound waves.To enhance the sound-absorbing effect of medium and high-frequency sound waves,a novel semi-active sound absorption method has been introduced.This method modulates the surface impedance of a loudspeaker positioned behind the sound-absorbing material,thereby altering the sound absorption coefficient.The theoretical sound absorption coefficient is calculated using MATLAB and compared with the experimental one.Results show that the method can effectively modulates the absorption coefficient in response to varying incident sound wave frequencies,ensuring that it remains at its peak value.
文摘Five cadmium naphthalene-diphosphonates,formulated as[Cd_(1.5)(1,4-ndpaH_(2))2(4,4'-bpyH)(4,4'-bpy)0.5(H_(2)O)_(2)]2(1),[Cd(1,4-ndpaH_(2))(1,4-bib)0.5(H_(2)O)](2),[Cd(1,4-ndpaH3)2(1,2-dpe)(H_(2)O)]·(1,2-dpe)·7H_(2)O(3),(1,2-bixH)[Cd3(1,4-ndpaH)(1,4-ndpaH_(2))2(H_(2)O)_(2)](4),and[Cd(1,4-ndpaH_(2))(H_(2)O)]·H_(2)O(5),have been synthesized from the selfassembly reactions of 1,4-naphthalenediphosphonic acid(1,4-ndpaH4)with Cd(NO3)2·4H_(2)O by introducing auxiliary ligands with variation of rigidity,such as 4,4'-bipyridine(4,4'-bpy),1,4-bis(1-imidazolyl)benzene(1,4-bib),1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene(1,2-dpe),1,3-di(4-pyridyl)propane(1,3-dpp),and bis(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene(1,2-bix),respectively.Structure resolution by single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that compound 1 possesses a layered framework,in which the{Cd3(PO2)2}trimers made up of corner-sharing two{CdO4N2}and one{CdO6}octahedra are connected by phosphonate groups,forming a ribbon,which are cross-linked by 4,4'-bipy ligands,forming a 2D layer.Compound 2 shows a 3D open-framework structure,where chains of corner-sharing{CdO4N}trigonal bipyramids and{PO3C}tetrahedra are cross-linked by 1,4-bib and/or phosphonate groups.A 1D ladder-like chain structure is found in compound 3,where the ladder-like chains made up of corner-sharing{CdO5N}octahedra and{PO3C}tetra hedra are connected by 1,4-ndpaH_(2)^(2-).Both compounds 4 and 5 obtained by the introduction of flexible ligands during the synthesis show a 2D layered structure,which is formed by ligand crosslinking double metal chains.Interestingly,In 4,flexible 1,2-bix was singly protonated,as vip molecules,filled between layer and layer,while flexible ligand 1,3-dpp is absent in 5.Photophysical measurements indicate that compounds 1-5 show ligand-centered emissions.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52375378)National Key Laboratory of Metal Forming Technology and Heavy Equipment(S2308100.W12)Huxiang High-Level Talent Gathering Project of Hunan Province(2021RC5001)。
文摘The titanium alloy strut serves as a key load-bearing component of aircraft landing gear,typically manufactured via forging.The friction condition has important influence on material flow and cavity filling during the forging process.Using the previously optimized shape and initial position of preform,the influence of the friction condition(friction factor m=0.1–0.3)on material flow and cavity filling was studied by numerical method with a shear friction model.A novel filling index was defined to reflect material flow into left and right flashes and zoom in on friction-induced results.The results indicate that the workpiece moves rigidly to the right direction,with the displacement decreasing as m increases.When m<0.18,the underfilling defect will occur in the left side of strut forging,while overflow occurs in the right forging die cavity.By combining the filling index and analyses of material flow and filling status,a reasonable friction factor interval of m=0.21–0.24 can be determined.Within this interval,the cavity filling behavior demonstrates robustness,with friction fluctuations exerting minimal influence.
文摘From[J.Differential Geom.,1990,31(1):285-299],one can obtain that compact self-shrinking hypersufaces in R^(n+1) with constant scalar curvature must be the standard sphere S^(n)(√n)(cf.[Front.Math.,2023,18(2):417-430]).This result was generalized by Guo[J.Math.Soc.Japan,2018,70(3):1103-1110]with assumption of a lower or upper scalar curvature bound.In this paper,we will generalize the scalar curvature rigidity theorem of Guo to the case of λ-hypersurfaces.We will also give an alternative proof of the theorem(cf.[2014,arXiv:1410.5302]and[Proc.Amer.Math.Soc.,2018,146(10):4459-4471])that λ-hypersurfaces which are entire graphs must be hyperplanes.
基金funded by National Key R&D Plan of China(2024YFE0109500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32472367,32372249)Key Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(HZSZ25C200001).
文摘Hyperuricemia(HUA)is a metabolic disease characterized by high levels of uric acid(UA)in the blood and varying degrees of kidney damage.Desirable nanoliposomes should simultaneously exhibit efficient biocompatibility and effective drug delivery.However,they both usually require special structural properties.Herein,we propose a strategy to prepare nanoliposomes with varying rigidity by replacing cholesterol(CH)with phytosterol esters(PE).The results showed that the particle size of PE naringenin nanoliposomes(PE-NAR)was 179.5 nm,and the encapsulation efficiency(EE)was 79.93%.In atomic force microscopy(AFM)tests,PE-NAR showed a 1-fold increase in rigidity compared to CH naringenin nanoliposomes(CH-NAR).By observing the effects of naringenin nanoliposomes(NAR-NLs)on the physiological and biochemical indicators in HUA mice,we explore its impact on kidney damage and inflammatory pathways in HUA mice.The results show that NAR-NLs significantly inhibit UA levels and improve kidney damage.Compared to oral naringenin,NAR-NLs generally enhance the in vivo antioxidant effects of naringenin.Furthermore,high-rigidity PE-NAR downregulated the renal inflammatory factor interleukin-1β(IL-1β)to 6.67%,demonstrating the highest inhibitory effect.Further experiments have demonstrated that naringenin exerts a protective effect in kidney injury by inhibiting the activation of NOD like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome and reducing oxidative stress within the body.In summary,by adjusting the rigidity of the nanoliposomes,the oral administration of naringenin can effectively improve the alleviation of HUA.
基金the Institutional Research Ethics Board(number 6.886.384)Brazil platform system(Approval with CAAE number 79007324.1.0000.5047).
文摘BACKGROUND Foreign body(FB)ingestion is one of the most challenging clinical situations faced by endoscopists.Most esophageal FB impaction emergencies occur in children.It is important to study the epidemiological profile and endoscopic methods for treating FB impacted in the esophagus of children,as it can help in the development of more effective,safe and personalized preventive and therapeutic strategies.AIM To define the profile of children seeking emergency care due to FB impaction in the esophagus,analyze factors associated with complications,and evaluate the effectiveness of rigid(RE)and flexible endoscopes(FE).METHODS A retrospective cohort study of 166 children with impacted FB in the esophagus who underwent an endoscopy(FE=84 vs RE=82)at the Dr.JoséFrota Institute was performed.The primary outcomes were to assess the efficacy of the endoscopic technique and factors associated with complications.The secondary outcomes were age group,gender,symptoms,length of hospital stay,and location of the FB.RESULTS Boys(66.9%),preschoolers(43.4%),FB>24 hours(62.7%),cervical esophagus(60.8%),coin ingestion(57.2%)and complaints of dysphagia(24.9%)and sialorrhea(23.1%)were the predominant findings.Endoscopy was successful(90.4%)with sedation(89.1%).A total of 97%of patients were discharged from the hospital,while 3%died.The average hospital stay length was 2.6 days.Most patients did not experience complications predominated(64.5%).Esophageal perforations were more frequent after RE(11%vs 4.8%),while FE was more effective(95.2%vs 85.4%).Theχ2 test or Fisher's exact test was used to compare categorical variables.For continuous variables,the Kruskal-Wallis test or analysis of variance was used.Statistical analyses were performed in R®software(version 1.3.1093).CONCLUSION Coins were the most frequent FBs and were mainly lodged in the upper esophagus of preschool boys.Risk factors for complications due to esophageal FB include battery ingestion,delayed removal(>48 hours)and lodging in the thoracic esophagus.FE was generally more effective than RE for removing FBs;both procedures are safe.
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(22378241)。
文摘To improve the rigidity and flexibility of conventional grouting materials,one visionary approach is to replace Portland cement with a composite cementitious system containing circulating fluidized bed fly ash(CFBFA)and calcium carbide slag(CS),while adding ethylene-vinyl acetate(EVA)copolymer and CO_(2)as modifiers to enhance its properties.In this research,CFBFA and CS assumed the role of cementitious constituents,with EVA and CO_(2)serving as the modifying agent.A comprehensive exploration of the mechanism underlying the CO_(2)+EVA modified composite cementitious system was undertaken,delving into the differences of its compressive,bending,and flexural strengths.The addition of CO_(2)further improved the flexibility and rigidity of the materials and effectively improve the material's microstructure.It was worth noting that when CO_(2)+EVA co-modified CFBFA-CS composite cementitious materials,the flexibility and rigidity of the cementitious materials were significantly enhanced,and the bending strength,flexural strength and compressive strength were significantly increased by 48.76%,166.7%and 40.56%,respectively,and the 28 d density was reduced by 6.91%.These results provided a theoretical basis for the realization of avant-garde cementitious materials with functional properties.
文摘This review takes stock of China’s Double Reduction.In the short run,it lowered visible burden and pushed demand from subject tutoring toward on-campus and non-subject services.But with high-stakes selection unchanged,demand reappears as small-group/one-to-one provision,advantaging families with high socioeconomic status and strong schools.Lasting relief will require tighter oversight and admissions reform with targeted,well-funded in-school support.
文摘Interventional pulmonology(IP)represents a rapidly growing and developing subspecialty within pulmonary medicine.To the intensivist,given the elaborate undertakings with respect to airway,lung and pleural disease management-IP has shown an increasing presence and remain a major ally in the care of these pa-tients.Thus,an understanding of the different roles that IP could offer to the intensivist is of prime importance in the multi-disciplinary care of the complex patients within the intensive care units,particularly in relation to lung,airway and pleural diseases.This review article will explore the different intersections of IP in critical care and discuss the applications of this discipline within the highly complex critical care environment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52222501,52075016,52192632)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.YWF-23-L-904).
文摘Inflatable deployable structures inspired by origami have significant applications in space missions such as solar arrays and antennas.In this paper,a generalized Miura-ori tubular cell(GMTC)is presented as the basic cell to design a family of inflatable origami tubular structures with the targeted configuration.First,the classification of rigid foldable degree-4 vertices is studied thoroughly.Since the proposed GMTC is comprised of forming units(FU)and linking units(LU),types of FUs and LUs are investigated based on the classification of degree-4 vertices,respectively.The rigid foldability of the GMTC is presented by studying the kinematics of the FUs and LUs.Volume of the GMTC is analyzed to investigate multistable configurations of the basic cell.The variations in volume of the GMTC offer great potential for developing the inflatable tubular structure.Design method and parametric optimization of the tubular structure with targeted configuration are proposed.The feasibility of the approach is validated by the approximation of four different cases,namely parabolic,semicircular,trapezoidal,and straight-arc hybrid tubular structures.
文摘On April 2,the United States announced the implementation of the so-called“reciprocal tariffs”plan.Combined with factors such as the OPEC+plan to increase production starting in May,this led to a continuous plunge in the benchmark oil prices of WTI and Brent over the subsequent three trading days.Despite the significant impact of the United States’“reciprocal tariffs”plan on the global political and economic landscape,the fundamental dynamics of supply and demand remain the decisive factors in the fluctuations of international oil prices.The current trend of international oil price fluctuations is still primarily driven by the supply side,with both supply and demand factors playing a role.Investment,costs,and resource constraints on the supply side do not allow for a significant increase in crude oil production,while“consumption rigidity”on the demand side does not permit a significant decrease in crude oil demand.As a result,International oil prices are expected to fluctuate in the short term,but a significant decline is unlikely to be sustained in the near to medium term.In this context,Chinese oil companies should focus on four key areas to ensure the security of national oil and gas supplies:first,promoting high-quality increases in domestic oil and gas reserves and production;second,steadily strengthening the acquisition of overseas oil and gas resources;third,continuously driving innovation in oil and gas exploration and development technologies;fourth,enhancing the capacity for domestic oil and gas reserves in an orderly manner.
文摘The presentation of a foreign body in the lower urinary tract is a challenging urological emergency with highly variable management approaches.A retrospective cohort study was undertaken to identify the patients who presented with selfinserted genitourethral foreign body to adult tertiary centers within our local health network(Southern Adelaide Local Health Network,Adelaide,Australia)from October 2002 to October 2022.Patient demographics,type of foreign body,psychiatric comorbidities,retrieval techniques,complications,and readmission data were extracted.Twenty-seven cases were identified with a median age of 44 years.Twenty-three(85.2%)were male and 4(14.8%)were female.Ten patients(37.0%)had a concurrent psychiatric illness.The most commonly inserted foreign bodies were plastic tubes/wires(29.6%).Twenty cases(74.1%)were retrieved endoscopically.Three patients(11.1%)required open cystotomy and one underwent a transperineal urethrotomy.Four patients(14.8%)represented after discharge.Two patients had repeat presentations for genitourinary foreign body insertion.A significant monotonic positive trend of foreign body presentations was identified(Mann–Kendall tau=0.95,P=0.043).Presentations of genitourethral foreign body insertions have trended upward over the past two decades.However,most cases were successfully managed endoscopically.
