Dear Editor,In this case,we discuss a teenager who experienced severe eye pain and elevated intraocular pressure(IOP)caused by reverse pupillary block,which was successfully resolved using Neodymium-doped yttrium alum...Dear Editor,In this case,we discuss a teenager who experienced severe eye pain and elevated intraocular pressure(IOP)caused by reverse pupillary block,which was successfully resolved using Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet(Nd:YAG)laser peripheral iridotomy(LPI).展开更多
The nervous system function requires a precise but plastic neural architecture.The neuronal shape dictates how neurons interact with each other and with other cells,being the morphology of dendrites and axons the cent...The nervous system function requires a precise but plastic neural architecture.The neuronal shape dictates how neurons interact with each other and with other cells,being the morphology of dendrites and axons the central determinant of the functional properties of neurons and neural circuits.The topological and structural morphology of axons and dendrites defines and determines how synapses are conformed.The morphological diversity of axon and dendrite arborization governs the neuron’s inputs,synaptic integration,neuronal computation,signal transmission,and network circuitry,hence defining the particular connectivity and function of the different brain areas.展开更多
Dear Editor,Posterior reverse encephalopathy syndrome(PRES),manifests as a confusional state/delirium,convulsion,or acute blindness which illustrates in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)typical bilateral white matter le...Dear Editor,Posterior reverse encephalopathy syndrome(PRES),manifests as a confusional state/delirium,convulsion,or acute blindness which illustrates in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)typical bilateral white matter lesions.These clinical and radiological changes are reversible in two to three weeks,usually generated by acute hypertension,preeclampsia,eclampsia,immunosuppression,septicemia,and end-stage renal disease.PRES is commonly diagnosed in patients in their thirties.展开更多
The Moroccan automotive industry is experiencing steady growth,positioning itself as the largest manufacturer of passenger cars in Africa.This expansion is leading to a significant increase in waste generation,particu...The Moroccan automotive industry is experiencing steady growth,positioning itself as the largest manufacturer of passenger cars in Africa.This expansion is leading to a significant increase in waste generation,particularly from end-of-life vehicles(ELVs),which require proper dismantling and disposal to minimize environmental harm.Millions of tonnes of automotive waste are generated annually,necessitating efficient waste management strategies to mitigate environmental and health risks.ELVs contain hazardous substances such as heavy metals,oils,and plastics,which,if not properly managed,can contaminate soil and water resources.To address this challenge,reverse logistics networks play a crucial role in optimizing the recovery of used components,enhancing recycling efficiency,and ensuring the safe disposal of hazardous and non-recyclable waste.This paper introduces a mathematical programming model designed to minimize the total costs associated with ELVs collection,treatment,and transportation while also accounting for revenues from the resale of repaired,directly reusable,or recycled components.The proposed model determines the optimal locations for processing facilities and establishes efficient material flows within the reverse logistics network.By integrating economic and environmental considerations,this model supports the development of a sustainable and cost-effective automotive waste management system,ultimately contributing to a circular economy approach in the industry.展开更多
Avian metapneumovirus(aMPV),a paramyxovirus,causes acute respiratory diseases in turkeys and swollen head syndrome in chickens.This study established a reverse genetics system for aMPV subtype B LN16-A strain based on...Avian metapneumovirus(aMPV),a paramyxovirus,causes acute respiratory diseases in turkeys and swollen head syndrome in chickens.This study established a reverse genetics system for aMPV subtype B LN16-A strain based on T7 RNA polymerase.Full-length cDNA of the LN16-A strain was constructed by assembling 5 cDNA fragments between the T7 promoter and hepatitis delta virus ribozyme.Transfection of this plasmid,along with the supporting plasmids encoding the N,P,M2-1,and L proteins of LN16-A into BSR-T7/5 cells,resulted in the recovery of aMPV subtype B.To identify an effective insertion site,the enhanced green fluorescent protein(EGFP)gene was inserted into different sites of the LN16-A genome to generate recombinant LN16-As.The results showed that the expression levels of EGFP at the site between the G and L genes of LN16-A were significantly higher than those at the other two sites(between the leader and N genes or replacing the SH gene).To verify the availability of the site between G and L for foreign gene expression,the VP2 gene of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus(vvIBDV)was inserted into this site,and recombinant LN16-A(rLN16A-vvVP2)was successfully rescued.Single immunization of specificpathogen-free chickens with rLN16A-vvVP2 induced high levels of neutralizing antibodies and provided 100%protection against the virulent aMPV subtype B and vvIBDV.Establishing a reverse genetics system here provides an important foundation for understanding aMPV pathogenesis and developing novel vector vaccines.展开更多
Erosion in slurry pumps presents a persistent challenge in industrial applications.This study examines the erosion of the static components of a 150ZJ-C42 centrifugal slurry pump,currently in operation at a beneficiat...Erosion in slurry pumps presents a persistent challenge in industrial applications.This study examines the erosion of the static components of a 150ZJ-C42 centrifugal slurry pump,currently in operation at a beneficiation plant,under varying particle conditions.Utilizing high-precision three-dimensional reverse engineering,the pump’s flow passage geometry was reconstructed to facilitate detailed erosion analysis.Focusing on the front and rear baffles of the pump chamber,as well as the volute,erosion patterns were analyzed for different particle volume concentrations and sizes.The results reveal that the highest erosion damage consistently occurs near the volute tongue,with wear being most severe in regions adjacent to the partition plate near the rear cover.Erosion damage intensity in this area correlates positively with particle diameter.Notably,the average erosion rate in the volute surpasses that of the front and rear chamber liners,reaching a value as high as 6.03×10^(-7)kg·m^(-2)·s^(-1)at a particle concentration of 9%and diameter of 0.1 mm,adversely impacting pump stability.For the pump chamber baffles,increased erosion is observed at a particle diameter of 0.05 mm under constant volume concentration conditions,while higher particle concentrations exacerbate localized erosion.展开更多
With the growing emphasis on digital technologies and cultural heritage in vocational education,the effective integration of modern technologies with traditional culture has become a central focus of current pedagogic...With the growing emphasis on digital technologies and cultural heritage in vocational education,the effective integration of modern technologies with traditional culture has become a central focus of current pedagogical reforms.This study explores strategies for incorporating Web3D technology and chuanzheng culture into the“reverse engineering technology”curriculum.By leveraging Web3D technology for the digital restoration and visualization of chuanzheng culture,students can engage deeply with its historical and technical significance in a virtual environment.Furthermore,integrating chuanzheng culture into the“reverse engineering technology”course enhances the content and instructional methods,fostering students′practical skills and cultural awareness.This innovative approach enriches the curriculum,increases student engagement,and strengthens cultural identity,offering a novel teaching model for vocational education.展开更多
Current treatments for chronic hepatitis B(CHB)are lifelong,often accompanied by side effects and the risk of drug resistance,highlighting the urgent need for alternative therapies such as therapeutic vaccines.However...Current treatments for chronic hepatitis B(CHB)are lifelong,often accompanied by side effects and the risk of drug resistance,highlighting the urgent need for alternative therapies such as therapeutic vaccines.However,challenges such as selecting appropriate antigens and addressing multiple hepatitis B virus(HBV)genotypes hinder the development of these vaccines.One approach to overcoming these challenges is reverse vaccinology(RV)combined with immunoinformatics.RV uses computational methods to identify antigens from pathogen genetic information,including genomic and proteomic data.These methods have helped researchers identify conserved epitopes across bacterial strains or viral species,including multiple HBV genotypes.Computational tools,such as epitope mapping algorithms,molecular docking analysis,molecular dynamics simulations,and immune response simulations,enable key epitope identification,predict vaccine candidates'binding potential to immune cell receptors,and forecast the immune response.Together,these approaches streamline therapeutic vaccine design for CHB,making it faster,more cost-effective,and accurate.This review aims to explore the potential role of RV and immunoinformatics in advancing therapeutic vaccine design for CHB.展开更多
Reasonable field acquisition geometry can not only guide seismic exploration to obtain sufficient geological information of target body,but also reduce acquisition cost to the maximum.In this study,building on convent...Reasonable field acquisition geometry can not only guide seismic exploration to obtain sufficient geological information of target body,but also reduce acquisition cost to the maximum.In this study,building on conventional ray-based geometry design methods,we incorporate imaging results as a constraint to optimize the geometry design and evaluate its effectiveness.Firstly,the geological model of the target layer is established based on the geological data of the study area and surface seismic data combined with exploration tasks.Then,the ray-tracing method is employed to simulate and assess the proposed geometry design,verifying whether its parameters meet the exploration requirements.Finally,the imaging effect of the designed geometry on the target layer is tested by the cross-well seismic reverse time migration method.This methodology was applied to design the cross-well seismic acquisition geometry for offshore deviated wells in the X Oilfield.The simulation results demonstrate that the imaging-driven geometry design approach effectively guides field operations,enhances the imaging quality of the target layer,and reduces acquisition costs.展开更多
Amplitude dissipation and phase dispersion occur when seismic waves propagate in attenuated anisotropic media,affecting the quality of migration imaging.To compensate and correct for these effects,the fractional Lapla...Amplitude dissipation and phase dispersion occur when seismic waves propagate in attenuated anisotropic media,affecting the quality of migration imaging.To compensate and correct for these effects,the fractional Laplacian pure viscoacoustic wave equation capable of producing stable and noise-free wavefields has been proposed and implemented in the Q-compensated reverse time migration(RTM).In addition,the second-order Taylor series expansion is usually adopted in the hybrid finite-difference/pseudo-spectral(HFDPS)strategy to solve spatially variable fractional Laplacian.However,during forward modeling and Q-compensated RTM,this HFDPS strategy requires 11 and 17 fast Fourier transforms(FFTs)per time step,respectively,leading to computational inefficiency.To improve computational efficiency,we introduce two high-efficiency HFDPS numerical modeling strategies based on asymptotic approximation and algebraic methods.Through the two strategies,the number of FFTs decreased from 11 to 6 and 5 per time step during forward modeling,respectively.Numerical examples demonstrate that wavefields simulated using the new numerical modeling strategies are accurate and highly efficient.Finally,these strategies are employed for implementing high-efficiency and stable Q-compensated RTM techniques in tilted transversely isotropic media,reducing the number of FFTs from 17 to 9 and 8 per time step,respectively,significantly improving computational efficiency.Synthetic data examples illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed Q-compensated RTM scheme in compensating amplitude dissipation and correcting phase distortion.展开更多
To mitigate the challenges in managing the damage level of reinforced concrete(RC)pier columns subjected to cyclic reverse loading,this study conducted a series of cyclic reverse tests on RC pier columns.By analyzing ...To mitigate the challenges in managing the damage level of reinforced concrete(RC)pier columns subjected to cyclic reverse loading,this study conducted a series of cyclic reverse tests on RC pier columns.By analyzing the outcomes of destructive testing on various specimens and fine-tuning the results with the aid of the IMK(Ibarra Medina Krawinkler)recovery model,the energy dissipation capacity coefficient of the pier columns were able to be determined.Furthermore,utilizing the calibrated damage model parameters,the damage index for each specimen were calculated.Based on the obtained damage levels,three distinct pre-damage conditions were designed for the pier columns:minor damage,moderate damage,and severe damage.The study then predicted the variations in hysteresis curves and damage indices under cyclic loading conditions.The experimental findings reveal that the displacement at the top of the pier columns can serve as a reliable indicator for controlling the damage level of pier columns post-loading.Moreover,the calibrated damage index model exhibits proficiency in accurately predicting the damage level of RC pier columns under cyclic loading.展开更多
A widely employed energy technology,known as reverse electrodialysis(RED),holds the promise of delivering clean and renewable electricity from water.This technology involves the interaction of two or more bodies of wa...A widely employed energy technology,known as reverse electrodialysis(RED),holds the promise of delivering clean and renewable electricity from water.This technology involves the interaction of two or more bodies of water with varying concentrations of salt ions.The movement of these ions across a membrane generates electricity.However,the efficiency of these systems faces a challenge due to membrane performance degradation over time,often caused by channel blockages.One potential solution to enhance system efficiency is the use of nanofluidic membranes.These specialized membranes offer high ion exchange capacity,abundant ion sources,and customizable channels with varying sizes and properties.Graphene oxide(GO)-based membranes have emerged as particularly promising candidates in this regard,garnering significant attention in recent literature.This work provides a comprehensive overview of the literature surrounding GO membranes and their applications in RED systems.It also highlights recent advancements in the utilization of GO membranes within these systems.Finally,it explores the potential of these membranes to play a pivotal role in electricity generation within RED systems.展开更多
Potassium(K)is known to enhance the catalytic performance of Fe-based catalysts in the reverse water-gas shift(rWGS)reaction,which is highly relevant during Fischer-Tropsch(FT)synthesis of CO_(2)-H_(2) mixtures.To elu...Potassium(K)is known to enhance the catalytic performance of Fe-based catalysts in the reverse water-gas shift(rWGS)reaction,which is highly relevant during Fischer-Tropsch(FT)synthesis of CO_(2)-H_(2) mixtures.To elucidate the mechanistic role of K promoter,we employed density functional theory(DFT)calculations in conjunction with microkinetic modelling for two representative surface terminations of Hägg carbide(χ-Fe_(5)C_(2)),i.e.,(010)and(510).K_(2)O results in stronger adsorption of CO_(2)and H_(2) on Hägg carbide and promotes C–O bond dissociation of adsorbed CO_(2)by increasing the electron density on Fe atoms close to the promoter oxide.The increased electron density of the surface Fe atoms results in an increased electron-electron repulsion with bonding orbitals of adsorbed CO_(2).Microkinetics simulations predict that K_(2)O increases the CO_(2)conversion during CO_(2)-FT synthesis.K_(2)O also enhances CO adsorption and dissociation,facilitating the formation of methane,used here as a proxy for hydrocarbons formation during CO_(2)-FT synthesis.CO dissociation and O removal via H_(2)O compete as the rate-controlling steps in CO_(2)-FT.展开更多
How to describe the austenite reverse transformation(ART)has always been considered as a key problem of controlling microstructures and mechanical properties in high-strength steels.So far,numerous studies have been c...How to describe the austenite reverse transformation(ART)has always been considered as a key problem of controlling microstructures and mechanical properties in high-strength steels.So far,numerous studies have been conducted,unfortunately,without fully considering diffusion of elements,interface migration,and interaction between trans-interface diffusion and interface migration,as well as synergy of thermodynamic and kinetic for interfacial migration.A more flexible modeling for the ART is herein developed using thermodynamic extremal principle,where the concept of trans-interface diffusion in two steps,i.e.,from the parent phase to the interface and from the interface to the product phase,as well as the Gibbs energy balance approach,was introduced to predict the behavior of interface migration and element trans-interface diffusion within the migrating interface.Subsequently,the thermodynamic driving force ΔG and the effective kinetic energy barrier Q_(eff) for the ART were also analytically performed,as well as a unified expression for so-called generalized stability(GS).It is demonstrated that the higher driving force in the ART generally results in the increased yield strength,while the larger GS tends to yield improved uniform elongation,thus forming a correspondence between the thermo-kinetics trade-off and the strength-ductility trade-off.Applying a proposed criterion of high ΔG-high GS,the present model can be adopted to design the ART,which will produce the austenite microstructure with high strength and high plasticity,as evidenced by the current experiments.展开更多
Based on the rapid advancements in nanomaterials and nanotechnology,the Nanofluidic Reverse Electrodialysis(NRED)has attracted significant attention as an innovative and promising energy conversion strategy for extrac...Based on the rapid advancements in nanomaterials and nanotechnology,the Nanofluidic Reverse Electrodialysis(NRED)has attracted significant attention as an innovative and promising energy conversion strategy for extracting sustainable and clean energy fromthe salinity gradient energy.However,the scarcity of research investigating the intricate multi-factor coupling effects on the energy conversion performance,especially the trade-offs between ion selectivity and mass transfer in nanochannels,of NRED poses a great challenge to achieving breakthroughs in energy conversion processes.This numerical study innovatively investigates the multi-factor coupling effect of three critical operational factors,including the nanochannel configuration,the temperature field,and the concentration difference,on the energy conversion processes of NRED.In this work,a dimensionless amplitude parameter s is introduced to emulate the randomly varied wall configuration of nanochannels that inherently occur in practical applications,thereby enhancing the realism and applicability of our analysis.Numerical results reveal that the application of a temperature gradient,which is oriented in opposition to the concentration gradient,enhances the ion transportation and selectivity simultaneously,leading to an enhancement in both output power and energy conversion efficiency.Additionally,the increased fluctuation of the nanochannel wall from s=0 to s=0.08 improves ion selectivity yet raises ion transport resistance,resulting in an enhancement in output power and energy conversion efficiency but a slight reduction in current.Furthermore,with increasing the concentration ratio cH/cL from 10 to 1000,either within a fixed temperature field or at a constant dimensionless amplitude,the maximumpower consistently attains its optimal value at a concentration ratio of 100 but the cation transfer number experiences amonotonic decrease across this entire range of concentration ratios.Finally,uponmodifying the operational parameters fromthe baseline condition of s=0,c_(H)/c_(L)=10,andΔT=0 K to the targetedconditionof s=0.08,c_(H)/c_(L)=50,andΔT=25 K,there is a concerted improvement observed in the open-circuit potential,short-circuit current,andmaximumpower,with respective increments of 8.86%,204.97%,and 232.01%,but a reduction in cation transfer number with a notable decrease of 15.37%.展开更多
The activation of CO_(2)molecules is a fundamental step for their effective utilization.Constructing highdensity oxygen vacancies on the surface of reducible oxides is pivotal for the activation of CO_(2).In this work...The activation of CO_(2)molecules is a fundamental step for their effective utilization.Constructing highdensity oxygen vacancies on the surface of reducible oxides is pivotal for the activation of CO_(2).In this work,we prepared a series of 0.5PtxCe/Al_(2)O_(3)(x=1,5,10,or 20)catalysts with varying Ce loading and 0.5 wt%of Pt for the reverse water gas shift(RWGS)reaction.The size of CeO_(2)particle increases with Ce loading.Remarkably,the 0.5Pt5Ce/Al_(2)O_(3) catalyst with an average CeO_(2)particle size of 5.5 nm exhibits a very high CO_(2)conversion rate(116.4×10^(-5)mol_(CO_(2))/(g_(cat)·s))and CO selectivity(96.1%)at 600℃.Our experimental findings reveal that the small-size CeO_(2)in 0.5Pt5Ce/Al_(2)O_(3) possesses a greater capacity to generate reactive oxygen vacancies,promoting the adsorption and activation of CO_(2).In addition,the oxygen vacancies are cyclically generated and consumed during the reaction,which contributes to the elevated catalytic performance of the catalyst.This work provides a general strategy to construct rich oxygen vacancies on CeO_(2)for designing high-performance catalysts in C_(1) chemistry.展开更多
Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)with high energy density are impeded by the instability of solid electrolyte interface(SEI)and the uncontrolled growth of lithium(Li)dendrite.To mitigate these challenges,optimizing the SE...Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)with high energy density are impeded by the instability of solid electrolyte interface(SEI)and the uncontrolled growth of lithium(Li)dendrite.To mitigate these challenges,optimizing the SEI structure and Li deposition behavior is the key to stable LMBs.This study novelty proposes a facile synthesis of MgF_(2)/carbon(C)nanocomposite through the mechanochemical reaction between metallic Mg and polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)powders,and its modified polypropylene(PP)separator enhances LMB performance.The in-situ formed highly conductive fluorine-doped C species play a crucial role in facilitating ion/electron transport,thereby accelerating electrochemical kinetics and altering Li deposition direction.During cycling,the in-situ reaction between MgF_(2)and Li leads to the formation of LiMg alloy,along with a LiF-rich SEI layer,which reduces the nucleation overpotential and reinforces the interphase strength,leading to homogeneous Li deposition with dendrite-free feature.Benefiting from these merits,the Li metal is densely and uniformly deposited on the MgF_(2)/C@PP separator side rather than on the current collector side.Furthermore,the symmetric cell with MgF_(2)/C@PP exhibits superb Li plating/stripping performance over 2800 h at 1 mA cm^(-2)and 2 mA h cm^(-2).More importantly,the assembled Li@MgF_(2)/C@PPILiFePO4full cell with a low negative/positive ratio of 3.6delivers an impressive cyclability with 82.7%capacity retention over 1400 cycles at 1 C.展开更多
The reverse design of solid rocket motor(SRM)propellant grain involves determining the grain geometry to closely match a predefined internal ballistic curve.While existing reverse design methods are feasible,they ofte...The reverse design of solid rocket motor(SRM)propellant grain involves determining the grain geometry to closely match a predefined internal ballistic curve.While existing reverse design methods are feasible,they often face challenges such as lengthy computation times and limited accuracy.To achieve rapid and accurate matching between the targeted ballistic curve and complex grain shape,this paper proposes a novel reverse design method for SRM propellant grain based on time-series data imaging and convolutional neural network(CNN).First,a finocyl grain shape-internal ballistic curve dataset is created using parametric modeling techniques to comprehensively cover the design space.Next,the internal ballistic time-series data is encoded into three-channel images,establishing a potential relationship between the ballistic curves and their image representations.A CNN is then constructed and trained using these encoded images.Once trained,the model enables efficient inference of propellant grain dimensions from a target internal ballistic curve.This paper conducts comparative experiments across various neural network models,validating the effectiveness of the feature extraction method that transforms internal ballistic time-series data into images,as well as its generalization capability across different CNN architectures.Ignition tests were performed based on the predicted propellant grain.The results demonstrate that the relative error between the experimental internal ballistic curves and the target curves is less than 5%,confirming the validity and feasibility of the proposed reverse design methodology.展开更多
The excited state dynamics and critically regulated factors of reverse intersystem crossing(RISC)in through-space charge transfer(TSCT)molecules have received insufficient attention.Here,five molecules of through spac...The excited state dynamics and critically regulated factors of reverse intersystem crossing(RISC)in through-space charge transfer(TSCT)molecules have received insufficient attention.Here,five molecules of through space/bond charge transfer inducing thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)are prepared,and their excited state charge transfer processes are studied by ultrafast transient absorption and theoretical calculations.DM-Z has a largerΔEST,leading to a longer lifetime of intersystem crossing(ISC),resulting in the lowest photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY).Oppositely,ISC and RISC are demonstrated to take place with shorter lifetimes for TSCT molecules.The face-to-faceπ-πstacking interactions and electron communication enable DM-B and DM-BX to have an efficient RISC,increasing the weight coefficient of RISC from 1.7%(DM-X)to close to 50%(DM-B and DM-BX)in the solvents,which make DM-BX and DM-B to have a high PLQY.However,partial local excitation in the donor center is observed and the charge transfer is decreased for DM-G and DM-X.The triplet excited state(DM-G)or singlet excited state(DM-X)mainly undergoes inactivation through a non-radiative relaxation process,resulting in less RISC and low PLQY.This work provides theoretical hints to enhance the RISC process in the TADF materials.展开更多
We employ the Hirota bilinear method to systematically derive nondegenerate bright one-and two-soliton solutions,along with degenerate bright-dark two-and four-soliton solutions for the reverse-time nonlocal nonlinear...We employ the Hirota bilinear method to systematically derive nondegenerate bright one-and two-soliton solutions,along with degenerate bright-dark two-and four-soliton solutions for the reverse-time nonlocal nonlinear Schr¨odinger equation.Beyond the fundamental nondegenerate one-soliton solution,we have identified and characterized nondegenerate breather bound state solitons,with particular emphasis on their evolution dynamics.展开更多
文摘Dear Editor,In this case,we discuss a teenager who experienced severe eye pain and elevated intraocular pressure(IOP)caused by reverse pupillary block,which was successfully resolved using Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet(Nd:YAG)laser peripheral iridotomy(LPI).
基金supported by the Wellcome Trust(grant No.103852).
文摘The nervous system function requires a precise but plastic neural architecture.The neuronal shape dictates how neurons interact with each other and with other cells,being the morphology of dendrites and axons the central determinant of the functional properties of neurons and neural circuits.The topological and structural morphology of axons and dendrites defines and determines how synapses are conformed.The morphological diversity of axon and dendrite arborization governs the neuron’s inputs,synaptic integration,neuronal computation,signal transmission,and network circuitry,hence defining the particular connectivity and function of the different brain areas.
文摘Dear Editor,Posterior reverse encephalopathy syndrome(PRES),manifests as a confusional state/delirium,convulsion,or acute blindness which illustrates in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)typical bilateral white matter lesions.These clinical and radiological changes are reversible in two to three weeks,usually generated by acute hypertension,preeclampsia,eclampsia,immunosuppression,septicemia,and end-stage renal disease.PRES is commonly diagnosed in patients in their thirties.
文摘The Moroccan automotive industry is experiencing steady growth,positioning itself as the largest manufacturer of passenger cars in Africa.This expansion is leading to a significant increase in waste generation,particularly from end-of-life vehicles(ELVs),which require proper dismantling and disposal to minimize environmental harm.Millions of tonnes of automotive waste are generated annually,necessitating efficient waste management strategies to mitigate environmental and health risks.ELVs contain hazardous substances such as heavy metals,oils,and plastics,which,if not properly managed,can contaminate soil and water resources.To address this challenge,reverse logistics networks play a crucial role in optimizing the recovery of used components,enhancing recycling efficiency,and ensuring the safe disposal of hazardous and non-recyclable waste.This paper introduces a mathematical programming model designed to minimize the total costs associated with ELVs collection,treatment,and transportation while also accounting for revenues from the resale of repaired,directly reusable,or recycled components.The proposed model determines the optimal locations for processing facilities and establishes efficient material flows within the reverse logistics network.By integrating economic and environmental considerations,this model supports the development of a sustainable and cost-effective automotive waste management system,ultimately contributing to a circular economy approach in the industry.
基金supported by the grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1800604)the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-41)the Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program,China。
文摘Avian metapneumovirus(aMPV),a paramyxovirus,causes acute respiratory diseases in turkeys and swollen head syndrome in chickens.This study established a reverse genetics system for aMPV subtype B LN16-A strain based on T7 RNA polymerase.Full-length cDNA of the LN16-A strain was constructed by assembling 5 cDNA fragments between the T7 promoter and hepatitis delta virus ribozyme.Transfection of this plasmid,along with the supporting plasmids encoding the N,P,M2-1,and L proteins of LN16-A into BSR-T7/5 cells,resulted in the recovery of aMPV subtype B.To identify an effective insertion site,the enhanced green fluorescent protein(EGFP)gene was inserted into different sites of the LN16-A genome to generate recombinant LN16-As.The results showed that the expression levels of EGFP at the site between the G and L genes of LN16-A were significantly higher than those at the other two sites(between the leader and N genes or replacing the SH gene).To verify the availability of the site between G and L for foreign gene expression,the VP2 gene of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus(vvIBDV)was inserted into this site,and recombinant LN16-A(rLN16A-vvVP2)was successfully rescued.Single immunization of specificpathogen-free chickens with rLN16A-vvVP2 induced high levels of neutralizing antibodies and provided 100%protection against the virulent aMPV subtype B and vvIBDV.Establishing a reverse genetics system here provides an important foundation for understanding aMPV pathogenesis and developing novel vector vaccines.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the filnancial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52369018)the Major Training Program of University Research and Innovation Platform of Gansu Provincial Department of Education(No.2024CXPT-09)+1 种基金the Administration of Central Funds Guiding the Local Science and Technology Development,China(Grant No.23ZYQA0320)the Double First-Class Key Program of Gansu Provincial Department of Education,Grant No.GCJ2022-38.
文摘Erosion in slurry pumps presents a persistent challenge in industrial applications.This study examines the erosion of the static components of a 150ZJ-C42 centrifugal slurry pump,currently in operation at a beneficiation plant,under varying particle conditions.Utilizing high-precision three-dimensional reverse engineering,the pump’s flow passage geometry was reconstructed to facilitate detailed erosion analysis.Focusing on the front and rear baffles of the pump chamber,as well as the volute,erosion patterns were analyzed for different particle volume concentrations and sizes.The results reveal that the highest erosion damage consistently occurs near the volute tongue,with wear being most severe in regions adjacent to the partition plate near the rear cover.Erosion damage intensity in this area correlates positively with particle diameter.Notably,the average erosion rate in the volute surpasses that of the front and rear chamber liners,reaching a value as high as 6.03×10^(-7)kg·m^(-2)·s^(-1)at a particle concentration of 9%and diameter of 0.1 mm,adversely impacting pump stability.For the pump chamber baffles,increased erosion is observed at a particle diameter of 0.05 mm under constant volume concentration conditions,while higher particle concentrations exacerbate localized erosion.
基金supported by Fujian Provincial Education Science‘14th Five⁃Year Plan’2023 Annual Project(FJJKGZ23⁃055)2024 Fujian Social Science Foundation Program(FJ2024B146)2023 Fujian Provincial Vocational Education Research Project(GA2023007).
文摘With the growing emphasis on digital technologies and cultural heritage in vocational education,the effective integration of modern technologies with traditional culture has become a central focus of current pedagogical reforms.This study explores strategies for incorporating Web3D technology and chuanzheng culture into the“reverse engineering technology”curriculum.By leveraging Web3D technology for the digital restoration and visualization of chuanzheng culture,students can engage deeply with its historical and technical significance in a virtual environment.Furthermore,integrating chuanzheng culture into the“reverse engineering technology”course enhances the content and instructional methods,fostering students′practical skills and cultural awareness.This innovative approach enriches the curriculum,increases student engagement,and strengthens cultural identity,offering a novel teaching model for vocational education.
基金Supported by Riset Unggulan of Institut Teknologi Bandung,No.125/IT1.B07.1/SPP-DRI/Ⅲ/2025.
文摘Current treatments for chronic hepatitis B(CHB)are lifelong,often accompanied by side effects and the risk of drug resistance,highlighting the urgent need for alternative therapies such as therapeutic vaccines.However,challenges such as selecting appropriate antigens and addressing multiple hepatitis B virus(HBV)genotypes hinder the development of these vaccines.One approach to overcoming these challenges is reverse vaccinology(RV)combined with immunoinformatics.RV uses computational methods to identify antigens from pathogen genetic information,including genomic and proteomic data.These methods have helped researchers identify conserved epitopes across bacterial strains or viral species,including multiple HBV genotypes.Computational tools,such as epitope mapping algorithms,molecular docking analysis,molecular dynamics simulations,and immune response simulations,enable key epitope identification,predict vaccine candidates'binding potential to immune cell receptors,and forecast the immune response.Together,these approaches streamline therapeutic vaccine design for CHB,making it faster,more cost-effective,and accurate.This review aims to explore the potential role of RV and immunoinformatics in advancing therapeutic vaccine design for CHB.
基金funded by the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42304135)the scientific research project of Gansu Coal Geology Bureau(2023-07).
文摘Reasonable field acquisition geometry can not only guide seismic exploration to obtain sufficient geological information of target body,but also reduce acquisition cost to the maximum.In this study,building on conventional ray-based geometry design methods,we incorporate imaging results as a constraint to optimize the geometry design and evaluate its effectiveness.Firstly,the geological model of the target layer is established based on the geological data of the study area and surface seismic data combined with exploration tasks.Then,the ray-tracing method is employed to simulate and assess the proposed geometry design,verifying whether its parameters meet the exploration requirements.Finally,the imaging effect of the designed geometry on the target layer is tested by the cross-well seismic reverse time migration method.This methodology was applied to design the cross-well seismic acquisition geometry for offshore deviated wells in the X Oilfield.The simulation results demonstrate that the imaging-driven geometry design approach effectively guides field operations,enhances the imaging quality of the target layer,and reduces acquisition costs.
基金support this research during the 14th Fiveyear Plan period under contract number 2021QNLM020001the Major Scientific and Technological Projects of Shandong Energy Group under contract number SNKJ2022A06-R23+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract number 42374164the Funds for Creative Research Groups of China under contract number 41821002the basic theoretical research of seismic wave imaging technology in complex oilfield of Changqing Oilfield Company under contract number 2023e10502.
文摘Amplitude dissipation and phase dispersion occur when seismic waves propagate in attenuated anisotropic media,affecting the quality of migration imaging.To compensate and correct for these effects,the fractional Laplacian pure viscoacoustic wave equation capable of producing stable and noise-free wavefields has been proposed and implemented in the Q-compensated reverse time migration(RTM).In addition,the second-order Taylor series expansion is usually adopted in the hybrid finite-difference/pseudo-spectral(HFDPS)strategy to solve spatially variable fractional Laplacian.However,during forward modeling and Q-compensated RTM,this HFDPS strategy requires 11 and 17 fast Fourier transforms(FFTs)per time step,respectively,leading to computational inefficiency.To improve computational efficiency,we introduce two high-efficiency HFDPS numerical modeling strategies based on asymptotic approximation and algebraic methods.Through the two strategies,the number of FFTs decreased from 11 to 6 and 5 per time step during forward modeling,respectively.Numerical examples demonstrate that wavefields simulated using the new numerical modeling strategies are accurate and highly efficient.Finally,these strategies are employed for implementing high-efficiency and stable Q-compensated RTM techniques in tilted transversely isotropic media,reducing the number of FFTs from 17 to 9 and 8 per time step,respectively,significantly improving computational efficiency.Synthetic data examples illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed Q-compensated RTM scheme in compensating amplitude dissipation and correcting phase distortion.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.51878156)EPC Innovation Consulting Project for Longkou Nanshan LNG Phase I Receiving Terminal(Z2000LGENT0399).
文摘To mitigate the challenges in managing the damage level of reinforced concrete(RC)pier columns subjected to cyclic reverse loading,this study conducted a series of cyclic reverse tests on RC pier columns.By analyzing the outcomes of destructive testing on various specimens and fine-tuning the results with the aid of the IMK(Ibarra Medina Krawinkler)recovery model,the energy dissipation capacity coefficient of the pier columns were able to be determined.Furthermore,utilizing the calibrated damage model parameters,the damage index for each specimen were calculated.Based on the obtained damage levels,three distinct pre-damage conditions were designed for the pier columns:minor damage,moderate damage,and severe damage.The study then predicted the variations in hysteresis curves and damage indices under cyclic loading conditions.The experimental findings reveal that the displacement at the top of the pier columns can serve as a reliable indicator for controlling the damage level of pier columns post-loading.Moreover,the calibrated damage index model exhibits proficiency in accurately predicting the damage level of RC pier columns under cyclic loading.
基金Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province,Grant/Award Number:2021C04019National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:U20A20338Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,Grant/Award Number:LQ21H180012.
文摘A widely employed energy technology,known as reverse electrodialysis(RED),holds the promise of delivering clean and renewable electricity from water.This technology involves the interaction of two or more bodies of water with varying concentrations of salt ions.The movement of these ions across a membrane generates electricity.However,the efficiency of these systems faces a challenge due to membrane performance degradation over time,often caused by channel blockages.One potential solution to enhance system efficiency is the use of nanofluidic membranes.These specialized membranes offer high ion exchange capacity,abundant ion sources,and customizable channels with varying sizes and properties.Graphene oxide(GO)-based membranes have emerged as particularly promising candidates in this regard,garnering significant attention in recent literature.This work provides a comprehensive overview of the literature surrounding GO membranes and their applications in RED systems.It also highlights recent advancements in the utilization of GO membranes within these systems.Finally,it explores the potential of these membranes to play a pivotal role in electricity generation within RED systems.
文摘Potassium(K)is known to enhance the catalytic performance of Fe-based catalysts in the reverse water-gas shift(rWGS)reaction,which is highly relevant during Fischer-Tropsch(FT)synthesis of CO_(2)-H_(2) mixtures.To elucidate the mechanistic role of K promoter,we employed density functional theory(DFT)calculations in conjunction with microkinetic modelling for two representative surface terminations of Hägg carbide(χ-Fe_(5)C_(2)),i.e.,(010)and(510).K_(2)O results in stronger adsorption of CO_(2)and H_(2) on Hägg carbide and promotes C–O bond dissociation of adsorbed CO_(2)by increasing the electron density on Fe atoms close to the promoter oxide.The increased electron density of the surface Fe atoms results in an increased electron-electron repulsion with bonding orbitals of adsorbed CO_(2).Microkinetics simulations predict that K_(2)O increases the CO_(2)conversion during CO_(2)-FT synthesis.K_(2)O also enhances CO adsorption and dissociation,facilitating the formation of methane,used here as a proxy for hydrocarbons formation during CO_(2)-FT synthesis.CO dissociation and O removal via H_(2)O compete as the rate-controlling steps in CO_(2)-FT.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52130110,52271116,52431002)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.D5000220052)the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(2023Z053053003).
文摘How to describe the austenite reverse transformation(ART)has always been considered as a key problem of controlling microstructures and mechanical properties in high-strength steels.So far,numerous studies have been conducted,unfortunately,without fully considering diffusion of elements,interface migration,and interaction between trans-interface diffusion and interface migration,as well as synergy of thermodynamic and kinetic for interfacial migration.A more flexible modeling for the ART is herein developed using thermodynamic extremal principle,where the concept of trans-interface diffusion in two steps,i.e.,from the parent phase to the interface and from the interface to the product phase,as well as the Gibbs energy balance approach,was introduced to predict the behavior of interface migration and element trans-interface diffusion within the migrating interface.Subsequently,the thermodynamic driving force ΔG and the effective kinetic energy barrier Q_(eff) for the ART were also analytically performed,as well as a unified expression for so-called generalized stability(GS).It is demonstrated that the higher driving force in the ART generally results in the increased yield strength,while the larger GS tends to yield improved uniform elongation,thus forming a correspondence between the thermo-kinetics trade-off and the strength-ductility trade-off.Applying a proposed criterion of high ΔG-high GS,the present model can be adopted to design the ART,which will produce the austenite microstructure with high strength and high plasticity,as evidenced by the current experiments.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[52106246]the Postgraduate Research&Practice innovation Program of Jiangsu Province[KYCX24_1641].
文摘Based on the rapid advancements in nanomaterials and nanotechnology,the Nanofluidic Reverse Electrodialysis(NRED)has attracted significant attention as an innovative and promising energy conversion strategy for extracting sustainable and clean energy fromthe salinity gradient energy.However,the scarcity of research investigating the intricate multi-factor coupling effects on the energy conversion performance,especially the trade-offs between ion selectivity and mass transfer in nanochannels,of NRED poses a great challenge to achieving breakthroughs in energy conversion processes.This numerical study innovatively investigates the multi-factor coupling effect of three critical operational factors,including the nanochannel configuration,the temperature field,and the concentration difference,on the energy conversion processes of NRED.In this work,a dimensionless amplitude parameter s is introduced to emulate the randomly varied wall configuration of nanochannels that inherently occur in practical applications,thereby enhancing the realism and applicability of our analysis.Numerical results reveal that the application of a temperature gradient,which is oriented in opposition to the concentration gradient,enhances the ion transportation and selectivity simultaneously,leading to an enhancement in both output power and energy conversion efficiency.Additionally,the increased fluctuation of the nanochannel wall from s=0 to s=0.08 improves ion selectivity yet raises ion transport resistance,resulting in an enhancement in output power and energy conversion efficiency but a slight reduction in current.Furthermore,with increasing the concentration ratio cH/cL from 10 to 1000,either within a fixed temperature field or at a constant dimensionless amplitude,the maximumpower consistently attains its optimal value at a concentration ratio of 100 but the cation transfer number experiences amonotonic decrease across this entire range of concentration ratios.Finally,uponmodifying the operational parameters fromthe baseline condition of s=0,c_(H)/c_(L)=10,andΔT=0 K to the targetedconditionof s=0.08,c_(H)/c_(L)=50,andΔT=25 K,there is a concerted improvement observed in the open-circuit potential,short-circuit current,andmaximumpower,with respective increments of 8.86%,204.97%,and 232.01%,but a reduction in cation transfer number with a notable decrease of 15.37%.
基金Project supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(22225110)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1501103)+1 种基金the National Science Foundation of China(22075166,22271177)the Young Scholars Program of Shandong University。
文摘The activation of CO_(2)molecules is a fundamental step for their effective utilization.Constructing highdensity oxygen vacancies on the surface of reducible oxides is pivotal for the activation of CO_(2).In this work,we prepared a series of 0.5PtxCe/Al_(2)O_(3)(x=1,5,10,or 20)catalysts with varying Ce loading and 0.5 wt%of Pt for the reverse water gas shift(RWGS)reaction.The size of CeO_(2)particle increases with Ce loading.Remarkably,the 0.5Pt5Ce/Al_(2)O_(3) catalyst with an average CeO_(2)particle size of 5.5 nm exhibits a very high CO_(2)conversion rate(116.4×10^(-5)mol_(CO_(2))/(g_(cat)·s))and CO selectivity(96.1%)at 600℃.Our experimental findings reveal that the small-size CeO_(2)in 0.5Pt5Ce/Al_(2)O_(3) possesses a greater capacity to generate reactive oxygen vacancies,promoting the adsorption and activation of CO_(2).In addition,the oxygen vacancies are cyclically generated and consumed during the reaction,which contributes to the elevated catalytic performance of the catalyst.This work provides a general strategy to construct rich oxygen vacancies on CeO_(2)for designing high-performance catalysts in C_(1) chemistry.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(52277218)the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2024AFA094)+1 种基金the Excellent Discipline Cultivation Project by JHUN(2023XKZ009)the Graduate Student Innovation Fund of JHUN(KYCXJJ202422).
文摘Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)with high energy density are impeded by the instability of solid electrolyte interface(SEI)and the uncontrolled growth of lithium(Li)dendrite.To mitigate these challenges,optimizing the SEI structure and Li deposition behavior is the key to stable LMBs.This study novelty proposes a facile synthesis of MgF_(2)/carbon(C)nanocomposite through the mechanochemical reaction between metallic Mg and polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)powders,and its modified polypropylene(PP)separator enhances LMB performance.The in-situ formed highly conductive fluorine-doped C species play a crucial role in facilitating ion/electron transport,thereby accelerating electrochemical kinetics and altering Li deposition direction.During cycling,the in-situ reaction between MgF_(2)and Li leads to the formation of LiMg alloy,along with a LiF-rich SEI layer,which reduces the nucleation overpotential and reinforces the interphase strength,leading to homogeneous Li deposition with dendrite-free feature.Benefiting from these merits,the Li metal is densely and uniformly deposited on the MgF_(2)/C@PP separator side rather than on the current collector side.Furthermore,the symmetric cell with MgF_(2)/C@PP exhibits superb Li plating/stripping performance over 2800 h at 1 mA cm^(-2)and 2 mA h cm^(-2).More importantly,the assembled Li@MgF_(2)/C@PPILiFePO4full cell with a low negative/positive ratio of 3.6delivers an impressive cyclability with 82.7%capacity retention over 1400 cycles at 1 C.
文摘The reverse design of solid rocket motor(SRM)propellant grain involves determining the grain geometry to closely match a predefined internal ballistic curve.While existing reverse design methods are feasible,they often face challenges such as lengthy computation times and limited accuracy.To achieve rapid and accurate matching between the targeted ballistic curve and complex grain shape,this paper proposes a novel reverse design method for SRM propellant grain based on time-series data imaging and convolutional neural network(CNN).First,a finocyl grain shape-internal ballistic curve dataset is created using parametric modeling techniques to comprehensively cover the design space.Next,the internal ballistic time-series data is encoded into three-channel images,establishing a potential relationship between the ballistic curves and their image representations.A CNN is then constructed and trained using these encoded images.Once trained,the model enables efficient inference of propellant grain dimensions from a target internal ballistic curve.This paper conducts comparative experiments across various neural network models,validating the effectiveness of the feature extraction method that transforms internal ballistic time-series data into images,as well as its generalization capability across different CNN architectures.Ignition tests were performed based on the predicted propellant grain.The results demonstrate that the relative error between the experimental internal ballistic curves and the target curves is less than 5%,confirming the validity and feasibility of the proposed reverse design methodology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22273057)the Universities Joint Laboratory of Guangdong,Hong Kong and Macao(No.2021LSYS009)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Nos.2022A1515011661,2023A1515012631)the Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(No.1922003)Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(No.2019B030302009)。
文摘The excited state dynamics and critically regulated factors of reverse intersystem crossing(RISC)in through-space charge transfer(TSCT)molecules have received insufficient attention.Here,five molecules of through space/bond charge transfer inducing thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)are prepared,and their excited state charge transfer processes are studied by ultrafast transient absorption and theoretical calculations.DM-Z has a largerΔEST,leading to a longer lifetime of intersystem crossing(ISC),resulting in the lowest photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY).Oppositely,ISC and RISC are demonstrated to take place with shorter lifetimes for TSCT molecules.The face-to-faceπ-πstacking interactions and electron communication enable DM-B and DM-BX to have an efficient RISC,increasing the weight coefficient of RISC from 1.7%(DM-X)to close to 50%(DM-B and DM-BX)in the solvents,which make DM-BX and DM-B to have a high PLQY.However,partial local excitation in the donor center is observed and the charge transfer is decreased for DM-G and DM-X.The triplet excited state(DM-G)or singlet excited state(DM-X)mainly undergoes inactivation through a non-radiative relaxation process,resulting in less RISC and low PLQY.This work provides theoretical hints to enhance the RISC process in the TADF materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12261131495 and 12475008)the Scientific Research and Developed Fund of Zhejiang A&F University(Grant No.2021FR0009)。
文摘We employ the Hirota bilinear method to systematically derive nondegenerate bright one-and two-soliton solutions,along with degenerate bright-dark two-and four-soliton solutions for the reverse-time nonlocal nonlinear Schr¨odinger equation.Beyond the fundamental nondegenerate one-soliton solution,we have identified and characterized nondegenerate breather bound state solitons,with particular emphasis on their evolution dynamics.
